Age of AnxietyCulture Between Wars
Albert Einstein
Insanity: Doing the Same Thing Over & Over Again & Expecting Different Results
Albert Einstein• German physicist• General Theory of
Relativity
Run Ins With Nukes• Visited US in 1933 (Hitler Time)• Alerted FDR to look into Nuclear
Development• Manhattan Project
Run Ins With Nukes• Denounced Nuclear Weapons
Because of Damage
Sigmund Freud
“America is the most grandiose experiment the world has seen, but I am afraid it is not going to be a success”
Sigmund Freud• Austrian Neurologist
• Father of psychology
6.1 I.B. New scientific
paradigms (ex. Psychology)
transformed human
understanding of the world.
Escape from Nazi Germany
Burning of Books = no freedom of thought • Escape to Great Britain
Who Would Be Your “3?”
Instinct & Drives• Even though we are complex &
sophisticated, we are still animals
• Behavior is governed by drives• Sex is especially important
ID (Instinctual Drive)• Animal Part– Food, Drink,
Sex• Aggressive
Superego• Moral • Behavior parents approve of• Guilt
Ego• YOU• Balance the demands of the
ID & the constraints of the superego
Unconscious Mind
FearsViolent MotivesIrrational WishesSelfish NeedsShameful ExperiencesTraumatic Experiences
ThoughtsPerceptions
Pablo Picasso
“The Purpose of Art is Washing the Dust of Daily Life off our Souls.”
Pablo Picasso• Famous Spanish cubist• Rejected realism• Cubism: Expressionist style that
featured geometric planes and angles; looks like an intricate stack of boxes
Pablo Picasso
“Nature and art, being two different things, cannot be the same thing, period. Through art, we express our concept of what nature is not.”
6.1 I.A. New modes of communication and transportation virtually eliminated the problem
of geographic distance.
6.1 I.A. New modes of communication and transportation virtually eliminated the problem
of geographic distance.
Americans Struggle with Postwar Issues
• 4 trends in American society result from a desire for normalcy:– Renewed isolationism– Resurgence of nativism– Trend toward conservatism (away
from Progressivism)– Threat of communism
Flappers• Flapper: an independent young woman who
adopts new fashions & progressive attitudes; short hair, boyish clothing, makeup
• Young women begin to assert their independence & demand the same freedoms as men
• Women were having fewer children• The divorce rate doubles in the 1920s
The Lost GenerationWriters of the 1920s• Most authors criticized the
lifestyle of the 20s; materialism, conformity, etc...
• F. Scott Fitzgerald: reveals negative side of 1920s freedoms and lifestyle
• Ernest Hemingway: criticizes the glorification of war
Movies
• Silent movies already popular; introduction of sound increases attendance
• “The Jazz Singer”: first movie with sound
Fad: Pfefferminz
• Edward Haas came up with this new peppermint candy
• 1948: easy, dispenser that we all recognize now to be a regular
• More Pez dispensers are sold than there are kids.
Fad: Dance Marathons• Height of The
Depression• Record: 5,148 hours
and 28.5 minutes• Prizes ranged
anywhere between $1000 to $5000, but many contestants participated solely for the promise of food and shelter
• Eventually Outlawed
Fad: Flag Pole Sitting• Alvin Kelly: King of
the Flag Pole• Daniel Baraniuk: a
16-by-24-inch platform on an 8-foot pole for 196 days
• Died out around 1929
Fad: Miss America Pageant
• originated on September 7, 1921 as a 2 day contest in New Jersey
• Miss America 1922
• Modern Woman: Eat right, exercise etc.
Fad: Slang
All That Jazz….
6.3 I.B. At the beginning of the century in the United States and parts of Europe, governments played a minimal role in their national economies. With the onset of the Great Depression, governments began to take a more active role in economic
life (ex. the New Deal).
6.3 I.B. At the beginning of the century in the United States and
parts of Europe, governments played a minimal role in their
national economies. With the onset of the Great Depression,
governments began to take a more active role in economic life (ex. the
New Deal).