Acid RainAcid Rain
By Kurt HoskinBy Kurt Hoskin
Formation of acidic or basic Formation of acidic or basic solutions from metal and non-solutions from metal and non-
metal oxidesmetal oxidesMetal OxidesMetal Oxides
CaO CaO Ca+2 + O-2 Ca+2 + O-2
O-2 + H20 O-2 + H20 2OH- 2OH-
Non-metal OxidesNon-metal Oxides
CO2 + H2O CO2 + H2O H2CO3 H2CO3
Acid Rain pH Conditions Acid Rain pH Conditions
In order for rain to In order for rain to be called Acid Rain, be called Acid Rain, it must have a pH it must have a pH lower than normal lower than normal rain, which has a rain, which has a pH of 5.6pH of 5.6
Normal Rain WaterNormal Rain Water
Normal rain has a pH of 5.6 with the CO2 Normal rain has a pH of 5.6 with the CO2 from non-human activityfrom non-human activity
Normal rain is actually carbonic acidNormal rain is actually carbonic acid
NOx NOx
2NO2 + H2O 2NO2 + H2O HNO3 + HNO2 HNO3 + HNO2
The main source of NOx’s is motor vehicle The main source of NOx’s is motor vehicle emissionsemissions
SOxSOx
Some sources of Some sources of SOx’s include coal-SOx’s include coal-fired power fired power generating stations generating stations and non ferrous and non ferrous ore smeltersore smelters
SO2 + H2O SO2 + H2O H2SO3 H2SO3
SO3 + H2O SO3 + H2O H2SO4 H2SO4
Environmental Problems caused Environmental Problems caused by Acid Rainby Acid Rain
Leaching of heavy Leaching of heavy metal ions into lakes metal ions into lakes on granitic strataon granitic strata
Aquatic life and Aquatic life and waterfowl waterfowl populations populations threatenedthreatened
Possible damage to Possible damage to human health, human health, crops, and forestscrops, and forests