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Organism which are composed of many cells
form a level of life organization. Simply, the
order of life organization can be written as
follows
Cell Tissue Organ Organ system
Organism
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Cell: the smallest unit of life in our bodies.
Tissue: a cellular organizational level intermediatebetween cells and a complete organism.
Organ : formed by the functional grouping together
of multiple tissues. Organ system: composed of two or more different
organs that work together to provide a common
function
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CELL
basic units of life
the smallest unit of life in our bodies
There are millions of different types of cells
All cells have a 'skin', called theplasma membrane,
protecting it from the outside environment The cell membrane regulates the movement of water,
nutrients and wastes into and out of the cell
Inside of the cell membrane are the working parts of the
cell At the center of the cell is the cell nucleus
In addition to the nucleus, there are many organellesinside of the cell - small structures that help carry out theday-to-day operations of the cell.
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ORGANELLS OF CELLOrganell Main function
1. chloroplast
(plastid)
2. endoplasmic
reticulum
3. Golgi apparatus
4. mitochondrion
photosynthesis
translation and folding of new
proteins (rough endoplasmicreticulum), produce of lipids
(smooth endoplasmic reticulum)
sorting and modification of
Proteins
energy production
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golgi_apparatushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golgi_apparatushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplast8/12/2019 6.2 Organization of Life
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Organell Main function
5. Vacuole
6. Nucleus
7. Ribosome
8. Vesicle
Storage
To regulate the activity of cell,
DNA maintenance, RNA
transcription
translationof RNA into
proteins
Material transport
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_nucleushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosomehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesicle_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_(genetics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_(genetics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_(genetics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_(genetics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesicle_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosomehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_nucleushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuole8/12/2019 6.2 Organization of Life
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PLANT CELL
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ANIMAL CELL
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ANIMAL CELL
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TISSUE
Tissueis a cellular organizational level
intermediate between cells and a complete
organism
The study of tissue is known as histology
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histology8/12/2019 6.2 Organization of Life
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ANIMAL TISSUES
Based on morphology, animal tissues can
be grouped into four basic types :
epithelial tissue
connective tissue
muscle tissue
nerve tissue.
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EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Epithelial tissue serve as membranes
lining organs and helping to keep thebody's organs separate, in place and
protected
Some examples of epithelial tissue are theouter layer of the skin, the inside of the
mouth and stomach, and the tissue
surrounding the body's organs.
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NERVE TISSUE
Nerve tissue has the ability to generate
and conduct electrical signals in the body.
These electrical messages are managed
by nerve tissue in the brain and
transmitted down the spinal cord to the
body.
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CONNECTIVE TISSUE
There are many types of connective tissue
in the body.
Most types of connective tissue contain
fibrous strands of the protein collagen that
add strength to connective tissue.
Some examples of connective tissue
include the inner layers of skin, tendons,
ligaments, cartilage, bone and fat tissue.
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MUSCLE TISSUE
Muscle tissue is a specialized tissue that
can contract.
Muscle tissue contains the specialized
proteins actin and myosin that slide past
one another and allow movement.
Examples of muscle tissue are contained
in the muscles throughout your body.
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ORGAN
In biology, an organ(Latin: organum,
"instrument, tool", from Greek -
organon, "organ, instrument, tool") is a
tissue that performs a specific function orgroup of functions
There are many different organs in the
body: the liver, kidneys, heart, even yourskin is an organ
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ORGAN SYSTEM
Organ systems are composed of two or
more different organs that work together toprovide a common function.
There are 10 major organ systems in the
human body, they are the: SkeletalSystem, Muscular System, Circulatory
System, Nervous System, Respiratory
System, Digestive System, ExcretorySystem, Endocrine System, Reproductive
System, Lymphatic/Immune System.
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SKELETAL SYSTEM
Major Role:
The main role ofthe skeletal systemis to providesupport for thebody, to protectdelicate internalorgans and toprovide attachmentsites for the organs.
Major Organs:Bones, cartilage,tendons andligaments.
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MUSCULAR SYSTEM
Major Role:
The main role of the
muscular system is to
provide movement.
Major Organs:
Skeletal muscles and
smooth muscles
throughout the body.
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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Major Role:The main role of the
circulatory system is to
transport nutrients, gases
(such as oxygen andCO2), hormones and
wastes through the body.
Major Organs:
Heart, blood vessels and
blood.
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NERVOUS SYSTEM
Major Role:
The main role of thenervous system is to relayelectrical signals throughthe body. The nervoussystem directs behaviourand movement and, alongwith the endocrine system,controls physiologicalprocesses such as
digestion, circulation, etc. Major Organs:Brain, spinal cord andperipheral nerves.
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Major Role:
The main role of therespiratory system is toprovide gas exchangebetween the blood and
theenvironment. Primarily,oxygen is absorbed fromthe atmosphere into the
body and carbon dioxideis expelled from the body.
Major Organs:Nose, trachea and lungs.
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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Major Role:The main role of the
digestive system is to
breakdown and absorb
nutrients that arenecessary for growth
and maintenance.
Major Organs:
Mouth, esophagus,
stomach, small and
large intestines.
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EXCRETORY SYSTEM
Major Role:The main role of theexcretory system is tofilter out cellular
wastes, toxins andexcess water ornutrients from the
circulatory system. Major Organs:
Kidneys, ureters,bladder and urethra.
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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Major Role:
The main role of theendocrine system is torelay chemicalmessages through thebody.
Major Organs:Many glands exist inthe body that secreteendocrine
hormones. Amongthese are thehypothalamus, pituitary,thyroid, pancreas andadrenal glands.
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
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REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Major Role:
The main role of thereproductive system is tomanufacture cells that allowreproduction. In the male,sperm are created to
inseminate egg cellsproduced in the female.
Major Organs:Female (top): ovaries,oviducts, uterus, vagina andmammary glands.Male (bottom): testes,seminal vesicles and penis.
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LYMPHATIC/IMMUNE SYSTEM
Major Role:The main role of the immune system is todestroy and remove invading microbes
and viruses from the body. The lymphaticsystem also removes fat and excess fluidsfrom the blood.
Major Organs:Lymph, lymph nodes and vessels, whiteblood cells, T- and B- cells.