GREEN BUILDING for
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Dr. Jati Utomo Dwi Hatmoko, MSc
Disampaikan dalam Seminar Nasional “Teknologi Terintegrasi dalam Rangka Mewujudkan Konstruksi Beton Ramah Lingkungan”
Jurusan Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Diponegoro,
27 November 2010,
Paradigm Shift in Construction Project’s Success Parameters
(Huovila and Koskela, 1998)
"...Cost is King, Carbon is Queen...“
Paul Morrell,
UK Government Chief Construction Advisor
Source: www.ncdc.noaa.gov Source: www. cdiac.ornl.gov
Buildings and The Environment
60%
40%
world wide materials
others buildings material
55%
45%
Greenhouse gas & acidification sources
food and others buildings
Source, California Integrated Waste Management Board, 2000
Activities in project life cycle
Source: www.nscc.org.uk
Source : www.carbontrust.co.uk
Energy Consumption & Emissions from Buildings Source: techno konstruksi, Oct 2010
• Buildings contribute >30% of CO2 (green house effect)
• CO2 emission reduction to tackle global warming
• Target CO2 emission reduction of RI 26% in 2020 (Copenhagen Summit, Denmark, 2009)
– Buildings can contribute 4 out of 26% (GBCI)
Green Building (sustainable building)
Definition : • is the practice of creating structures and using processes that are
environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle:
– from design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation, and demolition.
• This practice expands and complements the classical building design concerns of : economy, utility, durability, and comfort.
Green Building
Objectives : • to reduce the overall impact of the built environment on human health
and the natural environment, by:
– Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources
– Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity
– Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation
Principles
Resources
Phase
Reduce
Reuse
Recycle
Protect Nature
Eliminate Toxics
Life-Cycle
Costing
Quality
Land Materials Water Energy Ecosystems
Planning
Development
Design
Construction
Use & Operation
Maintenance
Modification
Deconstruction
Framework for Sustainable Construction developed by CIB (Kibert, 2008).
Examples of Green Buildings
Examples of Green Buildings
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Examples of Green Building
California Academy of Science
• Green roof natural heating & cooling system used jean fabric absorb 90 – 98% rain natural ventilation
• Waste water reduction up to 50% • Glass walls provide natural light for 90% rooms • 60.000 photovoltaic cells panels for 10% of electricity
need
California Academy of Science
California Academy of Science
Benefits of Green Building
• Low building operational costs
– lower utility bills (a lifetime cost saving)
• Improved indoor air quality
• Health improvement of building occupants
– Lower Sick building syndrome (SBS)
– Increase productivity, lower absenteeism
Benefits of Green Building
• Green job / business creation
– Recycling business, eco-training, etc
• Minimized strain on local infrastructure
• Conservation of resources
• Waste reduction
Green buildings typically 2% more expensive than conventional building, but ….
In the whole life of the building, the total benefits > the costs
3% additional cost in design phase can reduce construction costs by 10%
Demand for Green Building
Source: www.imrebuildiq.com
Ref: Du Plessis (2002)
Challenges of Green Construction & Sustainable Development
Green Building Certifications
Tools and rating systems have been created in order to assess and compare the environmental performance of buildings
• LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) in the USA
• BREEAM (Building Research Establishment - Environmental Assessment Method in the UK)
• HQE (High Quality Environmental standard) in France.
• Green Star in Australia
• GREENSHIP in Indonesia (GBC - Green Building Council of Indonesia)
Other Countries
Parameters of Indonesian green building (Green Building Council of Indonesia)
• Appropriate site development
• Energy efficiency & refrigerant
• Water conservation
• Indoor air health & comfort
• Building & environment management
• Material resources & cycle
– Local materials from local suppliers
Reducing the environmental impact of concrete
• Making more durable concrete with longer lifetime. – Most buildings are designed to have a lifetime of 50 years, but are
starting to deteriorate at age 20.
– Making more durable buildings with a lifetime of 500 years will reduce the waste significantly.
• Cement Conservation. - Cement production contributes to 7% of all CO2 into the atmosphere. - Reducing cement amounts in concrete will contribute significantly to the environment, e.g. using fly ash, silica fume.
Reducing the environmental impact of concrete
• Water Conservation. – Production of concrete uses tons of water everyday, for washing the
mixer and for concrete mixing.
– Theoretically, the hydration process of cement only requires about 30% of the cement mass
• majority of water is needed for increasing the workability.
– use recycled water and water-reducing admixture
• Aggregate Conservation. – using aggregates from recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)
Contoh Aplikasi
Green Construction Di Indonesia
merupakan impelementasi beton
ramah lingkungan adalah beton yang
dapat mengalir sendiri tanpa harus
dipadatkan, dapat melewati ruang –
ruang yang sempit dan tanpa
segresi. SCC diperoleh dengan
menambahkan material pengisi (filler)
seperti blast furnace slag, fly ash,
silica fume, super plasticizer, dan
viscosity modifiers admixtures.
Self Compacted Concrete
(SCC)
(Sumber : Gambiro dan Sunarso Mukhlis, 2010)
PENGAPLIKASIAN GREEN CONSTRUCTION PADA PROYEK BPK
PENGAPLIKASIAN GREEN CONSTRUCTION PADA PROYEK BPK
FASILITAS TEMPAT UNTUK MEROKOK
DIREKSI KEET MENGGUNAKAN KONTAINER
DATA UMUM PROYEK
Nama Proyek : Gedung BPK - RI Perwakilan Jawa Tengah
Pemilik Proyek : Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan (BPK) Republik Indonesia.
Kontraktor Pelaksana : PT. Pembangunan Perumahan Persero.
Konsultan Perencana : PT. Pandu Persada
Nilai Kontrak : Rp. 67.000.000.000,-
Schedule Proyek : 26 Oktober 2010 – 29 Desember 2011
DATA ALAT BERAT YANG DIGUNAKAN PADA PROYEK BPK
MAPPING AKTIFITAS KONSTRUKSI YANG BERPOTENSI MENGHASILKAN CARBON FOOTPRINT PADA PROYEK BPK
Mapping Carbon Footprint
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Mapping Carbon Footprint
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Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Besarnya Emisi Karbon Pada Suatu Proyek Konstruksi
• Jenis dan skala proyek
• Volume pekerjaan
• Lokasi dan kondisi geografis proyek
• Jumlah alat berat yang digunakan
• Sistem pengawasan
• Pengalaman kerja (jam terbang)
• Perilaku operator
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Cara – Cara Mengurangi Emisi Karbon Di Dalam Proyek Konstruksi
• Efisiensi Energi Pada Akomodasi Site Konstruksi
• Efisiensi Penggunaan Peralatan dan Energi Dalam Pekerjaan Konstruksi
• Koneksi Pada Jaringan Listrik Yang Lebih Awal
• Pengukuran, Pengawasan Dan Penargetan Pada Setiap Kegiatan Proyek
• Efisiensi Bahan Bakar Pada Distribusi Material Dan Menggunakan Alternatif Bahan Bakar Yang Dapat Diperbaharui
• Penggunaan Pusat Penyimpanan Material Yang Dekat Dengan Lokasi Proyek Sebagai Tempat Penyimpanan Material Proyek
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We do not inherit the Earth from our Ancestors, we just borrow it from our Children.