stanford hci group / cs147
http://cs147.stanford.edu27 November 2007
Ubiquitous Computing & “Natural” InteractionScott Klemmertas: Marcello Bastea-Forte, Joel Brandt,Neil Patel, Leslie Wu, Mike Cammarano
Myth of the Paperless Office
Source: Sellen, Abigail and Harper, Richard. The Myth of the Paperless Office. MIT Press, 2003.
Reality of Ubicomp : many computers per person!
Source: Weiser, Mark. Nomadic Issues in Ubiquitous Computing, Xerox PARC, 1998
Computers at many levels of scale
PARCTAB(inch)
PARCPAD / mPAD(foot)
Liveboard(yard)
Source: Want, Roy, Ten Lessons Learned about Ubiquitous Computing, Intel, 2000.
What makes ubicomp design different (harder)?
Key differences Multiple form factors (inch/foot/yard) Network connectivity “Context” awareness Interface modalities
Naïve “computerization” does not work!
Styles of design within ubicomp Mobile
Ambient Augmented Tangible Multi-device / Device Ensembles Pen Computing Speech Interfaces
How to approach Ubicomp design
User centered design especially important
The design of everyday things approach
The coming age of calm technology Embodied virtuality
Source: Norman, Don. The Design of Everyday Things. Weiser, Mark and Brown, John. “The Coming Age of Calm Technology”, Xerox PARC, 1996. Weiser, Mark. “TheComputer for the 21st Century.” Scientific American, 1994.
More on Embodied Virtuality
Source: Weiser, Mark. http://www.ubiq.com/
Virtual Reality Embodied Virtuality(ubiquitous computing)
Examples dealing with Ubicomp design issues : calm computing
Source: Ambient Devices, http://www.ambientdevices.com/
Examples dealing with Ubicomp design issues : pen
Source: Mark W. Newman, James Lin, Jason I. Hong, and James A. Landay, "DENIM: An Informal Web Site Design Tool Inspired by Observations of Practice." In Human-Computer Interaction, 2003. 18(3): pp. 259-324.
DENIM
Examples dealing with Ubicomp design issues : wall
Source: Scott R. Klemmer, Mark W. Newman, Ryan Farrell, Mark Bilezikjian, James A. Landay, The Designers Outpost: A Tangible Interface for Collaborative Web Site Design. CHI Letters, The 14th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology: UIST 2001. 3(2) p. 1-10.
Designer’s Outpost
Design considerations vary depending on scale
Inch Every pixel
counts Detail +
Overview Context
Aware…
Foot Action at point of
input Error handling
and disambiguation
Reduce requirement for recognition
…
Yard Fluid interaction Freeform input Reduce
requirement for recognition
…
Additional Ubicomp design considerations Context (e.g., location in the real
world) Spatial or temporal multiplexed
input Capture and access Privacy
Eye to the Future: Millimeter (<<inch) Sensors / Computing
Source: Pister, Kris, et. al. Smart Dust. UC Berkeley.
Smart Dust
Midterm
Privacy
Dourish