Table of Contents Unit 1: Parts of Speech Unit 2: Phrases, Clauses, and Sentence
Structure Unit 3: Simple & Progressive Verbs Unit 4: Perfect & Passive Verbs Unit 5: Complex Sentences Unit 6: Overview of City ESOL Program
Simple Present Habitual Actions
My dog Punch goes to bed at 8pm every night.I drink coffee when I eat breakfast.
General Truths
The sky is blue.Stress causes high blood pressure.
With Non-Action/Stative Verbs (describing states or situations)
I hope to move abroad again soon.This class knows how to write an introduction.
Four Types of Non-Action/Stative Verbs:1. Express Emotions
(hate, like, love, want, feel)2. Describe Mental States
(know, remember, believe, understand)3. Show Possession
(have, own, possess, belong)4. Describe Perception and Senses
(hear, see, smell, taste, feel, notice, appear)
Simple Present: Let’s Review…
SIMPLE PRESENT
Habitual Action
General Truths
Non Action/Stative
Verbs
Express Emotions
Describe Mental States
Show Possession
Describe Perceptions and Senses
Present Progressive Actions Happening Right Now
I am talking to the class.The students are wearing shoes.
Extended Present Actions (which may not be happening at the moment of speaking)
We are studying essay structure.Mark is training for a 100-mile bike ride this month.
Temporary Actions
I am staying with friends, but I plan to leave soon.
be + V-ing
Present Progressive
We are not sleeping right now because we are learning about grammar.Happening nowOccurring over a period of timeDo not use non action verb
Now
Past Future
Some verbs can have an active or stative (non-action) meaning, depending on the context. You need to be able to help students identify the difference.
Common verbs that may be used with either meaning include have, think, taste and look.
For example…The soup tastes good. Try some.
(non-action/stative)She’s tasting the soup to see if it needs more salt.
(active)
For each pair, use the present (non-action/stative) or present progressive (active)
have We _______ two textbooks in this class. They ___________ a hard time with grammar.think She _____________about her boyfriend, not about
grammar. He ___________ we should go to the library
after class.look I _____________for a new book to read. You ____________ great today.
have
are having
is thinking
thinks
am looking
look
At the beginning levels, students tend to easily distinguish the simple present from the present progressive (habitual vs. happening now). As their learning advances and they realize that the present and present progressive tenses are used in more varied situations, they can become confused. Therefore, it’s important to be able to explain the different uses of these two tenses.
Additionally, with the progressive tenses, students tend to omit the “be” verb. If you notice that a student as omitted a “be” verb, ask the student to self correct.
What’s missing here?Is this verb complete?
Simple Past To talk about actions, states, or situations that are now
finished.
I wanted to eat chocolate ice cream before class.
I went to Paris in 1998.
I hiked Half Dome two years ago.
Past
Now
Future
Past Progressive To describe an action that was in progress over a period
of time in the past.
We were hiking for many hours before we reached the summit.*I was hating the hike down. Happened in the past Occurred over a period of time REMINDER: Do not use non action/stative verb in progressive
Now
Past Future
Past Progressive Two actions in progress at the same time in the past
While I was talking on the phone, he was watching TV.He was watching TV while I was talking on the phone.
Past Future
Now
was talking
was watching
Past Progressive & Simple Past An action interrupted by another action
When = simple past While = past-progressiveI was taking a shower when the phone rang.While I was taking a shower, the phone rang.
Past Future
Now
was taking a shower
phone rang
Simple Past & Simple Past One action occurs in the past, then another action
occurs in the past.
I walked into class, and I sat in a chair.
Past
Now
Future
Future Forms
FUTURE
Simple
present
Present progressive
Will + verb
Be going
to + verb
Will +
be + V -ing
scheduled events
The plane leaves at 5:00pm tonight.The plane is leaving at 5:00pm tonight.
Future Forms
FUTURE
Simple
present
Present progressive
Will + verb
Be going
to + verb
Will +
be + V -ing Will you go to Argentina with me?
I am going to have a wonderful experience.
My flight departs on a Monday morning.
I am changing planes in Mexico City.
I will be hiking in Patagonia for one week next January.