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PL3119Residential Site Planning Studio
2.1 Residential Area Development: Characteristics and Basics
SEKOLAH ARSITEKTUR, PERENCANAAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN KEBIJAKANINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG
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1. Residential Site Definition
2. Goals and Functions
3. Elements of Residential Site
4. Concerns and Understanding Residential Planning
5. Components and Housing Types
SEGMENT
Students are able to:
• explain the the basics, components and characteristics of residential development
OBJECTIVES
2.1 Residential Area Development: Characteristics and Basics
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Settlement
People Environment
Natural Built
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Definitions
Human settlement
– A place where people establish a community (Concise Oxford Dictionary -10th edition)
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Definitions
Residential Area:– Land use where residential buildings are
dominant
– May include multiple house types and densities
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Some problems:• quite large tracts, no services→ trip to town for basic
needs -→ large distances→motor vehicle.
• The set forth development with restrictive covenantsand deeds is not easily changed as the agreement of all property owners (many of whom may not live in the area) must be obtained to effect a change.
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Definitions• Housing (perumahan)
– 1. accommodation– 2. provision of accommodation
• Housing development(pengembangan perumahan)– area of houses
• Housing estates/real estate– planned area of housing
Microsoft® Encarta® Reference Library 2005. © 1993-2004 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
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Perumahan :“...kumpulan rumah sebagai bagian dari permukiman, baik perkotaanmaupun perdesaan, yang dilengkapi dengan prasarana, sarana, dan utilitasumum sebagai hasil upaya pemenuhan rumah yang layak huni” (UU No.
1/2011 ps. 1 angka 2)
“... Kelompok rumah yang berfungsi sebagai lingkungan tempattinggal atau lingkungan hunian yang dilengkapi dengan prasaranadan sarana lingkungan” (SNI 03-1733-2004 Tata Cara Perencanaan Lingkungan
Perumahan di Perkotaan)
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Definitions
• House (n):– a building for human habitation. Ø chiefly
Scottish a dwelling that is one of several in a building. Ø a building in which animals live or in which things are kept.
– 2 a building in which people meet for a particular activity. Ø a firm or institution: a fashion house. Ø (the House) Brit. informalthe Stock Exchange. Ø a restaurant or inn.
• House (v)– 1 provide with shelter or accommodation.
(Concise Oxford Dictionary -10th edition)
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Rumah adalah bangunan gedung yang berfungsi sebagai tempat tinggal yang layak huni, sarana pembinaan keluarga, cerminan harkat dan martabat penghuninya, serta aset bagi pemiliknya (UU No. 1/2011 ps. 1 angka 7)
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1. Residential Site Definition
2. Goals and Functions3. Elements of Residential Site
4. Concerns and Understanding Residential Planning
5. Components and Housing Types
SEGMENT
Students are able to:
• explain the the basics, components and characteristics of residential development
OBJECTIVES
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“..to meet housing need as one of human basic
needs to realize a decent house in a healthy, safe,
harmonious, and well-planned neighborhood.”
(UU No.1/2011)
Residential Development Goal
Perencanaan dan perancangan rumah dilakukan untuk:a. menciptakan rumah yang layak
huni;
b. mendukung upaya pemenuhan kebutuhan rumah oleh masyarakat dan pemerintah; dan
c. meningkatkan tata bangunan dan lingkungan yang terstruktur.
(UU No. 1/2011, ps. 24)
2.1 Residential Area Development: Characteristics and Basics
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Nonconforming to city plan Very high density Very low building quality
Substandard and sensitive infrastructure Endanger the life and the living of its residents
UU No. 1/2012 ps. 1:13. Permukiman kumuh adalah
permukiman yang tidak layak huni karena ketidakteraturan bangunan, tingkat kepadatan bangunan yang tinggi, dan kualitas bangunan serta sarana dan prasarana yang tidak memenuhi syarat.
14. Perumahan kumuh adalah perumahan yang mengalami penurunan kualitas fungsi sebagai tempat hunian.
2.1 Residential Area Development: Characteristics and Basics
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Social:– A place to live in– A place for interaction with– A place for a comfortable life
2.1 Residential Area Development: Characteristics and Basics
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Physical Environment:– Protection from climate– Protection from basic physical
environment (topography, geology, etc)
– Availability of building material
2.1 Residential Area Development: Characteristics and Basics
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Built Environment:– Economic– Business/trade– Socio-political and religious power
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1. Residential Site Definition
2. Goals and Functions
3. Elements of Residential Site
4. Concerns and Understanding Residential Planning
5. Components and Housing Types
SEGMENT
Students are able to:
• explain the the basics, components and characteristics of residential development
OBJECTIVES
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Residential Elements
1. Physical• Capacity to
accommodate residents
• Activity to do
• Taxes paid
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2. Location • Linkage with other
activities• Quality of a place /
neighborhood
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3.Status •Opinion / respect of
society
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4. Healthy • light, ventilation, water supply,
drainage, sewerage, solid waste disposal
2.1 Residential Area Development: Characteristics and Basics
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5. Strong Construction/Reliable• Support its own weight, stand from
external factor (wind, rain, earthquake, flood, etc), easy to maintain, fireproof, waterproof
2.1 Residential Area Development: Characteristics and Basics
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6. Comfortable• Adequate space, proper size of
room for activities, good interior, decoration, color, and yard.
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Main Functions of a House
The satisfaction of fundamental
physiological needs
Protection against communicable
diseases
Protection against accidents
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1. Residential Site Definition
2. Goals and Functions
3. Elements of Residential Site
4. Concerns and Understanding Residential Planning
5. Components and Housing Types
SEGMENT
Students are able to:
• explain the the basics, components and characteristics of residential development
OBJECTIVES
2.1 Residential Area Development: Characteristics and Basics
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Concerns in Residential Development
Health, safety and
welfareFinance
Economic impact
National goals
Hasil perencanaan danperancangan rumah harusmemenuhi persyaratanteknis, administratif, tataruang, dan ekologis.
(UU No. 1/2011, ps. 26(1))
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Planners Involvement
Development of new
residential area
Housing preservation
Provision of affordable
housing
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Understanding Residential Area Development
Look at various aspects separately and learn the relationship in forming unity
Separate the function(s) from the structure(s)
Functions (Living, working, playing)
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Example of Residential Area Context
Human Environment
• Residents• Guests/visitors• Through traffic
Residential Area
• Socio-economic factor• Physical factor
Physical factor
interaction
Provided medium:• Neighborhood components
• design
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1. Residential Site Definition
2. Goals and Functions
3. Elements of Residential Site
4. Concerns and Understanding Residential Planning
5. Components and Housing Types
SEGMENT
Students are able to:
• explain the the basics, components and characteristics of residential development
• describe housing types and their characteristics
• describe the typology of residential area
OBJECTIVES
2.1 Residential Area Development: Characteristics and Basics
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Components of Residential Area
RumahTinggal
Prasarana & Sarana
Sirkulasi Pembiayaan
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Housing Types
HargaSatuan
Terendah
LUAS PERSIL (m2)
60 - 200 200 - 600 600 – 2000
=< Tipe C RS RMn RMw
Tipe C s/d A
RMn RMn RMw
>= Tipe A RMw RMw RMw
Sumber: Keputusan Bupati Kuningan No. 641/KPTS.319.DPR.PP/2019 tentang Harga Satuan Pembangunan Rumah Negara dan Pagar Tahun 2019
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Ketentuan Hunian Berimbang
Dapat menampung secara serasiberbagai kelompok masyarakat
RumahSederhana
RumahMenengah
RumahMewah
3 2 1: :6 3 1: :
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Housing Types
RUMAH SEDERHANA SEHAT (RSH)
1. Tidak bersusun
2. Luas lantai max. 70 m2
3. Luas persil 54 – 200 m2
4. Harga/m2 = harga rumah dinas tipe C
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Housing TypesRUMAH SANGAT SEDERHANA (RSS)
1. Tidak bersusun
2. Luas lantai 21 – 36 m2
3. Luas persil 54/60 – 200 m2
4. Harga/m2 MAX. ½ harga RS/ m2
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Housing Types
KAVLING SIAP BANGUN
1. Lahan matang terencana
2. Luas 54/60 – 72 m2
3. Jalan setapak, damija 2,8 m
4. Prasarana listrik, air bersih, MCK, tempat main, warung
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Housing Types
RUMAH SUSUN
1. Max. 5 lt
2. KDB 25%
3. KLB max. 1,25
4. Kepadatan penduduk max. 1736 jiwa/Ha
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Housing Types
RUMAH MENENGAH Tidak BersusunLuas persil 54 – 600 m2
Harga/m2 = biaya rumah dinastipe C tertinggi s/d tipe A
Tidak BersusunLuas Persil 200 – 600 m2
Harga/m2 =< hargatertinggi rumah dinas tipe C
1.
2.
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Housing Types
RUMAH MEWAH
Tidak BersusunLuas persil 54/60 – 2000 m2
Harga/m2 = rumah dinas tipe A
Tidak BersusunLuas Persil 600 – 2000 m2
Harga/m2 =< harga tertinggirumah dinas tipe A
1.
2.
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Housing Types
RUMAH TUNGGAL (DETACHED HOUSE).
1. Struktur tunggal, terpisah dari unit lain
2. Dianggap paling ideal
3. Mahal dan boros lahan
4. Luas persil di atas 600 m2
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Housing Types
RUMAH GANDENG (SEMI-DETACHED HOUSE).
1. Terdiri dari dua unit hunian di bawahsatu atap (dalam satu bangunan)
2. Unit hunian dipisahkan oleh dinding
3. Luas persil berkisar 54/60 – 600 m2
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Housing Types
RUMAH DERET (ROW-HOUSE).
1. Beberapa unit hunian di bawah satuatap disatukan sisi dengan sisi dalamsebuah barisan / berderet,
2. Bentuk dan ukuran maksimal 6 (enam)unit.
3. Dapat pula berbentuk ruko (rumahtoko).
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Housing Types
TOWNHOUSE
1. Disatukan sisi dengan sisi dalam sebuah barisan.
2. Memiliki 3 lantai dengan garasi sebagai fungsiutama pada lantai dasar.
3. Area utama untuk hunian berada pada lantaipertama dan umumnya memiliki 3 ruang untukkamar tidur.
4. Memiliki keseragaman bentuk bangunan.
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Housing Types
RUMAH SUSUN (FLAT).
1. Ditumpuk di atas unit yang lainsetinggi 2, 3, 4 atau lebih
2. Umumnya dilengkapi dengantangga.
3. Dapat berupa ‘cluster’ daribeberapa kelompok unit.
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Housing Types
APARTEMEN 1. Bangunan besar yang umumnya bertingkat
tinggi
2. Dilayani oleh lift.
3. Jumlah lantai minimum sebanyak 3 lantai.
2.1 Residential Area Development: Characteristics and Basics