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User ManualM900/M1800 Base Transceiver Station (BTS30) Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Routine Maintenance Instructions............................................................................. 1-1
1.1 Routine Maintenance Overview......................................................................................... 1-1
1.1.1 Purpose of Routine Maintenance............................................................................ 1-1
1.1.2 Routine Maintenance Classification........................................................................ 1-1
1.1.3 BTS Routine Maintenance Record & Instructions................................................... 1-2
1.2 Weekly Maintenance Instructions...................................................................................... 1-8
1.3 Monthly Maintenance Instructions ..................................................................................... 1-9
1.4 Quarterly Maintenance Instructions................................................................................... 1-9
1.5 Yearly Maintenance Instructions...................................................................................... 1-10
1.6 Return Loss, VSWR and Reflection Coefficient .............................................................. 1-11
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Chapter 1 Routine Maintenance Instructions
1.1 Routine Maintenance Overview
1.1.1 Purpose of Routine Maintenance
Reliable running of the BTS depends on effective routine maintenance. The aim of
such maintenance is to detect and solve problems in time.
This chapter describes the contents of routine maintenance and the correctoperation procedures, thus providing the basic methods and reference basis of
routine maintenance for users in deciding local office maintenance solutions.
1.1.2 Routine Maintenance Classification
I. Classification by Implementing Methods
1) Conventional maintenance
To observe, test and analyze the equipment performance and operating conditions
by means of normal maintenance.
2) Unconventional maintenance
To check whether the equipment performance has degraded by observing, testing
and analyzing it in artificially-created special conditions.
For example, to avoid alarm system fault, the maintenance personnel can
deliberately create some faults and check whether the alarm system can generate
reports correctly.
II. Classification by Period Length
1) Unscheduled maintenance
Maintenance tasks incurred by equipment fault and network adjustment.
For example, the maintenance operations required at the time of user complaint,
equipment damage and line fault are unscheduled. In addition, problems found and
recorded in routine maintenance are also one of the triggering factors of
unscheduled maintenance operations.
2) Daily routine maintenance
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Maintenance operations conducted every day, which help the maintenance
personnel keep track of equipment running conditions and solve problems in time.
When a problem is found in daily maintenance, please record in detail the exact
physical position where it occurs and describe it in detail, so that maintenance
operations can be conducted in time to avoid bigger trouble.
3) Periodical routine maintenance
Maintenance operations conducted regularly, which help the maintenance personnel
keep track of the long-time performance of the equipment.
Periodical routine maintenance includes quarterly and yearly maintenance.
1.1.3 BTS Routine Maintenance Record & Instructions
BTS Weekly Maintenance Record
Please note down in this record the operations actually conducted in BTS weekly
maintenance. For methods of conducting weekly maintenance operations, please
refer to BTS Weekly Maintenance Instructions.
BTS Monthly Maintenance Record
Please note down in this record the operations actually conducted in BTS monthly
maintenance. For methods of conducting monthly maintenance operations, please
refer to BTS Monthly Maintenance Instructions.
BTS Quarterly Maintenance Record
Please note down in this record the operations actually conducted in BTS quarterly
maintenance. For methods of conducting quarterly maintenance operations, please
refer to BTS Quarterly Maintenance Instructions.
BTS Yearly Maintenance Record
Please note down in this record the operations actually conducted in BTS yearly
maintenance. For methods of conducting yearly maintenance operations, please
refer to BTS Yearly Maintenance Instructions.
BTS Unexpected Fault Handling Record
Please note down in this record the operations actually conducted in clearing the
unexpected faults that come up in BTS routine maintenance.
This record serves as a basis for future reference in equipment maintenance. The
maintenance personnel may modify the list of items in this record according to the
actual conditions of the local office, and compile several sheets of records into a
handbook on the clearing of unexpected faults.
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I. BTS Unexpected Fault Handling Record
Site name Home BSC
Time when faults occurTime when faultsget solved
Person on duty Faults handled by
Fault type:
Primary power supply Baseband frame Antenna and feeder system
Secondary power supply TRX frame
Others
Sources of fault information
Subscriber complaints Discovery in daily maintenance
Alarm system Other sources
Fault description:
Handling methods and results:
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II. BTS Weekly Maintenance Record
Site name:
Maintenance time: Maintenance personnel:
Maintenance item Maintenance status RemarksMaintenancepersonnel
Environment condition NormalAbnormal
Temperature condition NormalAbnormal
Humidity condition NormalAbnormal
Dust-proof condition NormalAbnormal
Indoor air-conditioner running state NormalAbnormal
Board running state NormalAbnormal
Fault description andhandling
Problems remained
Checked by shiftleader
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III. BTS Monthly Maintenance Record
Site name:
Maintenance time: Maintenance personnel:
Maintenance item Maintenance status RemarksMaintenancepersonnel
Call testNormalAbnormal
Check working status of battery setNormalAbnormal
Check grounding, lightning arrester and power supplysystem
NormalAbnormal
Check running status of antenna and feeder NormalAbnormal
Check running status of secondary power supplyNormalAbnormal
Fault description andhandling
Problems remained
Checked by shift leader
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IV. BTS Quarterly Maintenance Record
Site name:
Maintenance time: Maintenance personnel:
Maintenance item Maintenance status RemarksMaintenancepersonnel
Check primary power supplyNormalAbnormal
Check running conditions of fanNormalAbnormal
Road testNormalAbnormal
VSWR test NormalAbnormal
Check alarm collecting devicesNormalAbnormal
Fault description andthe handling
Problems remained
Checked by shiftleader
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V. BTS Yearly Maintenance Record
Site name:
Maintenance time: Maintenance personnel:
Maintenance item Maintenance status Remarks Maintenance personnel
Check running state of channel NormalAbnormal
Cabinet cleanness NormalAbnormal
Check base station power output NormalAbnormal
Earth resistance test and grounding cablecheck
NormalAbnormal
Check the waterproof status of antenna andfeeder connectors and lightning-proofgrounding cards
NormalAbnormal
Check the firmness of antenna and tower-topamplifier and the tilting angle of directionalantenna
NormalAbnormal
Fault description andhandling
Problems remained
Checked by shiftleader
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1.2 Weekly Maintenance Instructions
Maintenance item Operation inst ruct ions Reference standard
Check the machine room for anyenvironment alarm including powersupply, fire and smoke alarms.
Everything should be normal. No alarmappears.
Environment conditionCheck the anti-theft net, doors andwindows, and other facilities in theequipment room.
The facilities including anti-theft net,doors and windows ought to be intact.
Temperature conditionObserve the thermometer indication inthe equipment room.
Normal equipment room environmental
temperature: 15C~30 C.
Humidity conditionObserve the hygrometer indication inthe equipment room.
Normal equipment room environmentalhumidity: 40% ~ 65%.
Dust-proof conditionObserve equipment housing,equipment interior, floor and desktop.
All items should be clean without anyvisible dust attaching. Then thedust-proof condition is good. If any itemis not up to the standard, then thedust-proof condition is bad.
Indoor air conditioner running statusCheck whether it is normally runningand whether the refrigeration functionis good.
The indication of the thermometer isconsistent with the temperature set andthe refrigeration system works.
Board running statusObserve whether indicators of allboards are normal.
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1.3 Monthly Maintenance Instructions
Maintenance item Operation inst ruct ions Reference standard
Call Test
Use the testor mobile station toperform call test with another onecooperating beside the BSC, andobserve whether calls are normalover all channels.
There should be no noises,interruptions or crosstalk.
Check the running status of batterysets
Check whether there is liquidleakage regarding the battery, or theconnection is loose.
Check the grounding, lightningarrester and power supply systems
Check whether the groundingsystem and lightning protectionsystem are working normally,whether the connection is reliable,whether the power supply system isworking normally and whether thereis any scorch for the lighteningarrester.
Make sure the signal lightningarrester, power supply lightningarrester, antenna and feeder lightningarrester are in good condition.
Check the working status of antennaand feeder system
Check whether there is standingwave alarm, whether there isdeviation of antenna support, andwhether the waterproofness of thefeeder line is good.
Check whether there is standing wavealarm from CDU.
Check the running conditions of
secondary power supply boards
See whether they are operating
normallyNo alarm.
1.4 Quarterly Maintenance Instructions
Maintenance item Operation inst ruct ions Reference standard
Primary power checkMeasure the output voltage and thevoltage of each battery, and checkthe aging of DC power cable.
Output voltage
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1.5 Yearly Maintenance Instructions
Maintenance item Operation inst ruct ions Reference standard
Check running conditions of channel
Use the testor mobile station to testthe communication conditions ofrespective channels. Observewhether there are call drop, callinterruption, noise and single-sidedcommunication, and make record forfuture reference.
Cabinet cleannessTools: vacuum cleaner, alcohol,towel etc.
Set strict operation regulations toavoid mis-touching switch or powersupply accidentally.
Check base station output power Measure TRX transmitting power.Check whether it is consistent withthe BSC setting.
Earth resistance test and groundingcable check
1. Measure earth resistance with anearth resistance meter.
2. Examine whether the connectorsof respective grounding cables areloose and check their agingcondition.
Check the waterproof conditions ofthe connectors and lightninggrounding clips
Check the external part or untie theinsulating tape to have a check
Reseal it with the same material!
Check the firmness of antenna andtower top amplifier and the tiltingangle of the antenna
1. Screw up the nut again with awrench.
2. Use an angle meter to check thetitling angle.
Do not apply too much force whenscrewing up the nut with the wrench.
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1.6 Return Loss, VSWR and Reflection Coefficient
Return loss (dB) VSWR Reflection coefficient ()4 4.41943 0.63096
5 3.56977 0.56234
6 3.00952 0.50119
7 2.61457 0.44668
8 2.32285 0.39811
9 2.09988 0.35481
10 1.92495 0.31623
11 1.78489 0.28184
12 1.6709 0.25119
13 1.57689 0.22387
14 1.49852 0.19953
15 1.43258 0.17783
16 1.37668 0.15849
17 1.32898 0.14125
18 1.28805 0.12589
19 1.25276 0.1122
20 1.22222 0.1
21 1.19569 0.08913
22 1.17257 0.07943
23 1.15238 0.07079
24 1.13469 0.0631
25 1.11917 0.05623
26 1.10553 0.05012
27 1.09351 0.04467
28 1.08292 0.03981
29 1.07357 0.03548
30 1.06531 0.03162
31 1.058 0.02818
32 1.05153 0.02512
33 1.0458 0.02239
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Return loss (dB) VSWR Reflection coefficient ()34 1.04072 0.01995
35 1.03621 0.01778
36 1.03221 0.01585
37 1.02866 0.01413
38 1.0255 0.01259
39 1.0227 0.01122
40 1.0202 0.01
41 1.01799 0.00891
42 1.01601 0.00794
43 1.01426 0.00708
44 1.0127 0.00631
45 1.01131 0.00562
46 1.01007 0.00501
47 1.00897 0.00447
48 1.00799 0.00398
49 1.00712 0.00355
50 1.00634 0.00316
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Formulas for calculating reflection coefficient , return Loss RL, and VSWR is
displayed in the following table:
Reflection coefficient VSWR Return loss (RL) Z1=Z2=Z3
=Ureflected
Uforward
VSWR=Uforward+Ureflected
UforwardUreflected
VSWR=Uforward+Ureflected
UforwardUreflected
=1
alog( )R20
VSWR=1+
1
RL=1
20log
=VSWR1
VSWR+1
VSWR=
alog( ) 1R20
R20alog( )+1
RL=VSWR+1
VSWR120log
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