8.
8.1. High. Anticyclone Trough Upper front Secondary front Eye of stormSleetilRidge Ridge of high pressure
Thunderstorm (TSTM)ThunderDepressionRain
Long-range forecast. Mist. Haze. Isobars. Isotherms Short-range forecastShower SleetDamp, Frost, freezingDrizzleMonsoonsCloud Widely-scattered TSTMSOcclusionPrecipitation Sea subsiding Overcast
Polar front Hurricane warning
DiscontinuanceForecastClearing upDewColStrongOccasional. Snow. Sleet Blizzard Snow pelletsStratosphereDryTyphoon Dew point Tropical cycloneTroposphere. Fog. HazeModerateHurricane
. / Front. Cold/warm Thunderhead Frontal waveLow. CycloneSquallStorm warning
1198.2. Beaufort scaleCalm, less than 1 knot Light air, 1-3 knots 1
2 Light breeze, 4-5 knots Gentle breeze, 7-8 knots 3
4 Moderate breeze,
11-16 knots
5 Fresh breeze,
17-21 knots
6 Strong breeze,
22-27 knots
Near (hard) gale, 7 22-33 knots
8 Gale, 34-40 knots 9 Strong gale,
41-47 knots
10 Storm, 48-55 knots 11 Violent storm,
56-63 knots
12 Hurricane, 64 and over
knots
. Gust. Gusty wind
Squall Sea breeze Land breeze Prevailing windTrade-windBoraSirocco Norther
, Whirlwind, water-spout Duststorm Sandstorm Shift of wind veer
Shift of wind back
TyphoonLow The wind is blowing
from S
The weather is
improving
The weather was bad The weather will be
fine
The wind has fallen ()
What is the w. f. for ?Tomorrow? -SE wind near 10 kt 10
MonsoonTornado Wind ahead (adverse
wind, foul wind, head) Wind aft (following) Side wind Relative wind ()
Wind-force Becalmed wind Choppy wind8.3. Wave-Calm (glassy)
, ,Calm (rippled)1
,Smooth (waveless)2 , 0,2-0,3 , Slight3 , 0,5- 1,25 , Moderate4 , 1,25- 2,5
Rough5 , 2,5-4,0
Very rough6 , 4-6
High7 , 6-9
Very high8 , 9-12
Phenomenal9 , 12
5 Seas less than 5 fts Heavy sea Surge Wave lent I low sea Surging sea (angry)Ground sea8.4. No swell 2 Low swell 2-4 Moderate swell 4 Heavy swell Confused swell SurgeSurfTsunamis
Breaker 100 Short swell waves
0-100 m
100-200 Average swell waves 100-200 m
Long swell waves
200 over200 m
Chopping (choppy)1208.5. Head sea, meeting wave Bow-sea, quarter headwave
Astern sea, following
wave
Quarter(ing) sea ,Sea abeam, athwart sea
]
8.6. ( ) - 0Pancake -
- 1Brash - 1
M - 2Ice cakes - 2
- 3Sinai I floe - 3
Medium floe - 4 - 4
Big floe - 5 - 5
Vast floe - 6
- 6
Giant floe - 7
- 7
- 8Fast ice - 8
- 9Iceberg - 9
- No form -
8.7. ( ) New ice - 1 - 1 - 2Nilas - 2 - 4Grey ice - 4- - 5Grey-white ice - 5 /Thin first-year/White - 7ice - 7
Medium first-year - 1ice - 1
Thick first-year - 4ice - 4
- 7Old ice - 7
8.8. Iceberg Bare ice Friendly ice Pancake ice Ice-bound Big floe Large fracture Large ice field
Fracturing Giant fIoe Glacier ice Rotten iceSleet Concentration boundary
Fast-ice boundary Ridge Ridge iceRidging Second-year ice Anchor ice Pack ice Beset Bight Flaw polynya Snow covered iceSastrugi Flooded ice Flaw lead Fracture zone Finger rafting
Finger-rafted iceLead Ice limit Ice edge Fast-ice edge Small floes Glowler , Easy area, slight ice
Ice of land origin
Stranded ice, Grounded iceGlacier Ice boundaryIce cover Ice blink Brash ice, slab ice Ice wall Floe Grease ice Ice front Ice island
Young coastal ice Ice Jam Ice keel Ice mass if Ice canopy Small fracture Small icefield
121
Ice cake Multi-year ice New ice Consolidated ridge Frost smoke Sea ice Rafting Rafted ice Hostile iceFloebergNil as Medium floe Bergy bit Vast floes First-year ice Medium first-year ice
Lake ice Sky light Open water Very close pack ice (Calving
)
Floating ice Shearing IcefootBummick Belt Ridged ice zone Strip FlawPolynya Shore polynya Shore lead Tide crackFast iceThaw hole Ice patchFracture Diffuse ice edge
Open pack ice Glacier berg Very open pack ice River ice Level iceStanding floe New ridge
Light Nilas- Grey-white ice Grey ice Nip Ice under pressure Icefield
Consolidated pack ice
Ice breccioPuddle SnowdnftSlush, Compacting Compacted ice edgeConcentration Compacted pack ice Close floating ice
Medium fracture Medium ice field
Mean ice edgeGrounded hummock Aged ridge Old ice Recurring polynya Tabular bergRam Dark Nilas Small ice cake Thick first-year ice Thin first-year iceTopocHummock Hummocked iceHummockingCrack Difficult area Very small fractureFirn Ice-free / open water Iceport Ice shelfShuga Iceberg tongue Glacier tongue Tongue8.9. - (A)Tidal amplitude Anomalous tides Coastal line Great diurnal range
Bore Range of tide Night water Age of tide Time of low water Duration of fall Time of high water Duration of rise Stand of tide
() Higher low water (HLW) Higher High water (HHW)()
Height of low water Height of high water Height (rise) of tide Spring rise
Height of mean level(ML)Harmonic constants
Depth at any moment
122 Depth at low water
Depth at high water
, Depth at chart datum
The depth at any moment Sea level at any moment
Secondary pointSlacken (,Slack water)
Low water neaps (LWN) High water neaps (HWN)
Neap tide Rat ion of (tide) ranges Lunar (Lunitidal)
interval
(MB)Low water (LW) Low water neaps Low water springs Shallow tide Mixed tide
()Lower Low water (LLW) Lower high water (LHW) ()
Datum; datum of
soundings
Chart datum
Datum level
Standard port
Ebb; falling water Ebb current; ebb tide
stream
Period
Rise
() Rise (height) above datum of sounding ()High water (HW)
High water neaps
High water springs Semi-diurnal tide
Allowance Time difference Height difference
Correction for high water full and change High water full and
change
It is high water full 2 20 and change at port at
2 h 20m
Low water full and
change
Tide; flood; raising
water
Tidal wave Interval from high () water/low water
Dead tide
High (low-water)() spring Spring Mixed tide Fall of tide Mean sea level Mean high water spring (Neaps)
()
Mean tide level Mean range of tide Mean higher high water
()High (low water) stand
(,Slack water )
Diurnal inequality Diurnal tide Tidal current tables
Tide tables Height of tide Morning water Quarter-diurnal tide8.10. Broken (bn)Boulders ()
Weeds (Wd)Volcanic (V)Sticky (Sy)Shingle (Sn)GipsClay ()
Loamy mudGlobigerinaBoulders ()
Pebbles (P)Gravel (G)Ground (Gr)Sponge (Sp) Diatom mud
Carcareous (Ca)Mud (M) SiIty sandStones (St)Quarts (Qr)Shingle (Sn)Corals (Co)Lava (Lv)Glacial (Gl)Manganese (Mg)Chalk (Ck)Fine (f)Marl (Ml)Soft (so)Pumice (Pm)Sand (S)123
Sundy mudHard groundRadiolariaShells (Sh)Light (Lt)Rock (R)Schist
Stiff (sf)Dark (d)Tufa (T)Oysters (Oy)Scoria (Sc)Grus (Gr)8.11. aCharacteristic of barometric tendency (
(3-hours pressure change)3 )
biIce of land origin (icebergs)()
ChType of high cloud (cirrocumulus, cirrostratus)
lType of low cloud (stratocumulus stratus, cumulus)
CmType of medium cloud (altocumulus, altostratus, nimb)
ciConcentration of sea ice
DiBearing of principal ice edge
( DsDirection towards which ship is moving
)(Course)
- ddDirection in tens of degrees, from which wind
is blowing
() c- dw1 (dw2) Direction from which first swell waves are
coming
Direction from which (second) swell waves are
coming
- Es EsThickness of ice accretion in cm
ffWind speed in knots or metres (second)
UTC GGHour of observation in whole hours UTC Hw HwHeight of sea waves in half metres
() Hw1 (Hw2) Height of first swell waves in half metres
Height of (second) swell waves in half metres hHeight of the lowest cloud - LaLaLaLatitude in degrees and tenths
LoLoLoLongitude in degrees and tenths
NTotal amount of cloud; total cloud cover NhLowest cloud cover PwPwPeriod of sea waves in seconds
() Pw1 (Pw2) Period of first swell waves in seconds
Period of (second) swell waves in seconds Pressure in millibars and tenths
Amount of barom. tendency during 3 hrs preceding3
the time of observation RsRate of ice accretion SiStage of development of sea ice SnSign of temperature in code - Air temperature in whole degrees and tenths ( -
(dry bulb temperature) )
TdTdTdDew-point temperature in whole degrees and
tenths TwTwTwSea-surface temperature in degrees and tenths
VVHorizontal visibility VsSpeed of ship, ship's average speed W1W2Past weather (1-primary, 2-secondary)124
WWPresent WeatherYearMMMonth ()YYDay of the month -2iIce situation and trend
UUUHumidity of the air in per cent Speed of the current zzHundreds of metres of depth RRRAmount of precipitation IsIce accretion cause iwWind indicator iRPrecipitations data indicator ixWeather data indicator
, QcQuadrant
8.12. about ABVabove ACPYaccompany
ACRSacross ADVNadvance AFTNafternoon AMSair mass , ARNDaround ATattitude , AVGaverage become BCMGbecoming BGFbig floe BGNbegin , BHNDbehind BLObelow
BRKNbroken CHGchange CLOcloud , CLRclear CLRGclearing CMNCcommence CNconcentra-
tion
CNDcondition , CNTRcentre CONTNcontinue close pack
ice , CSTLcostal ()BSHbrash ice DCRdecrease , DCRGdecreasing
developing
low
)OMSHdiminish , DNSdense , DFTdrift DRZLdrizzle DSIPTdisperse DSNTdistant DSTdestroy DWLPdevelopment DWPNTdew point ENDGending
ENTRentirelyFCSTforecastFLDfield, FIGfallingFLWfollow, FQTfrequent FQT SHWRS frequent
shower
,FRMGforming
FRSTfrostFRZfreeze FRZNfrozen , GENLYgenerally, GNDground
GNDFGground fogGRDLgradualGRPgroup (33-43 ) GWgale
wind HIGH(12-15 )SEASHRZNhorizonHURCNhurricane HUREPHZYhazy ICE FREEICGicingI NCRincreaseINDFTindefinite, INTSintensive, INVICin vicinity()IPVimproveLCLlocal LCLYlocallyLGTlightLEADLKLYlikelyLTLlittleLVLlevelLWRlowerLYRlayerMBSmillibars MDFmedium floeMDTmoderate125, MIDmiddleMIDNmidnightMINminimumMOVmovementMRNQmorning MSLmean sea
level
NRNnorthen
OCFNTocclusion
front
OCLNocclusion OCNoccasion
OPEN
WATER
1 OPWRopen water OVCovercast
PCPNprecipita
tion
PROperiod PRTGprotracting PSBLpossible PSNposition PRLYpartly PVLprevail QSquasistationary RDGridge RMNremain
RPDLYrapidly SCTDscattered SHWRSshowers SFCsurface
SHFTshift
, SHLWshallow
SHWRshower
, , SLslush
SLGTLY slightly
SLOWLY
SLTsleet SMFsmall floesSMKsmokeSNWsnowSQLLsquallSTAstationarySTMstormSTNYstationarySTNRYstationarySVRLseveral SWstorm wind ( 48 )
SYNsynopsis TDtropical
depression thaw hole THNthin
TROGthrough TStropical
storm
TSNWRthundershower
TSTMthunderstorm
TWOtoward(s) TYtyphoon UNKunknown VAFvast floes VARvariable
VCPKvery close (10 )
pack ice
VELvelocity
VOPKvery open
pack ice VSBvisible VSBYvisibility WOwide
WKweak WKNweaken WLYwesterly
WNOwind
WRMwarm
WRNwestern
WWDwestward