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Grid Modernization – A Strategic Imperative for 2050
Advanced Energy Conference May 1, 2013
By Carl ImhoffElectric Infrastructure Sector ManagerPacific Northwest National Lab
The challenge ahead is complex The grid must meet new expectations
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Electrify transportation sector to reduce dependence on imported oil
Delivering 300GW of renewable generation by 2025
Maximize benefits of end-use efficiency and storage
Accommodate changing and responsive loads
Historical Expectations Emerging Expectations
Affordable Power
Reliable Power
Secure Power
Our electric infrastructure must continue to deliver affordable, reliable and secure power while simultaneously undergoing a major transformation
Transformation is Already Substantial
North American phasor measurement network will exceed 1200 measurement points networked by late 2013
Digital metering expected to reach 30% market share 2013, 50% by 2015.
Mainstay operational tools (minutes) now being demonstrated at SCADA rate (seconds)
Distribution automation demonstrating substantial improvements in efficiency and reliability
Demand response at the GW scale in several markets in the U.S.
Challenge: How do we capture Smart Grid benefits in current grid AND position to enable new paradigms for the grid we want in 2050?
Future Outcomes Enabled by Grid Transformation
Continued digitization across the system will lead to a “transactive” future that delivers broad optimization
Level playing field for legacy and new “smart” infrastructure
Leverages broad transparency to engage demand to help manage reliability and deliver clean generation
Enables consumers to engage their energy choices like never before
Increased strategic value of grid for public goods issues leverage “transactive management”
Energy efficiency,
Preferred fuel / generation mix etc.
Electrification of transportation
Broad use of high performance computing at local and regional levels to enable new paradigms of design and operation, delivering new levels of resilience to all hazards
Pacific Northwest Demonstration Project
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What:• $178M, ARRA-funded, 5-year
demonstration• 60,000 metered customers in 5 states
Why:• Quantify costs and benefits• Develop communications protocol• Develop standards• Facilitate integration of wind
and other renewables
Who:Led by Battelle and partners including BPA, 11 utilities, 2 universities, and 5 vendors
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PNWSG Demo Project Basics
Operational objectivesManage peak demandFacilitate renewable
resourcesAddress constrained
resourcesImprove system
reliability and efficiency
Select economical resources (optimize the system)
Aggregation of Power and Signals Occurs Through a Hierarchy of Interfaces
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PNW Region “Influence Map” – Topology
Cut Plane
Flowgate
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Regional Modeling
Alstom EMS
Alstom MMS
Future state Estimation by optimization
BPA
3TIER
Load ForecastGeneration SchedulesOutages
Renewable Generation
Forecasts
NetworkState
Gen. schedulesLoad forecasts
Transmission Zone TC Node Inputs
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High Performance Computing Opens New Paradigms of Operation
Massive Contingency Analysis: HPC improving reliability and efficiency of power systems
operations
Parallelization dramatically increases computational speed
Enables evaluation of a large number of scenarios
Revolutionizes grid operations and planning
Fast Dynamic Simulation:New model improving system
efficiency
Full topology model
Real-time performance rating
Enables improved asset management
# of processors Speedup
1024 1004
1536 1498
2048 1920
Currently running 10k processors, achieved 10,000x speed up
Parallelized Optimization Methods Enable Precise Management of Grid Complexities
WECC 230kV and above
Serial NDS is faster than CPLEX
Parallel NDS is 17 times faster
WECC 100kV and above
CPLEX no longer practical—time is divided by 10 and not converged
Parallel NDS is 160 times faster—even ignoring CPLEX pre-solve time
The bigger the problem, the better the relative performance
Key Challenge: Data to Knowledge
We need:
New networks to route data securely and efficiently
Distributed signal analysis and hardware automation
New analytic methods to extract knowledge
Simulations that run in microseconds vs. minutes, minutes vs. days
Visual analytics to aid decision making
Counter measures to advanced, persistent threats
The major challenge is in translating new real-time data into actionable knowledge that enables operation of the system in ways never before possible – ensuring unprecedented Reliability, Resilience and Efficiency.
Protected Information / Proprietary Information
Questions?
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