7/16/2019 ( ) -
1/306
- 1 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
ed'gef;
jrefrmou&mZf 841 ckESpf (at'D - 1479) wGif yJcl; ([Hom0wD) bk&if &mrm"dywd ("rapwD)rif;onf uvsmPDodrfausmufpma&;xdk;onfhtcg ok0Pblrdt&yf ]Ak'omoem pwifwnf &[ef;a,mufsm;? &[ef;rdef;r? omraPa,mufsm;? omraPrdef;rwdkhjzpfMuukef\}[kazmfjycJhonf/ if;ok0Pblrdonf
ok"ryl&oxHk? a*gVrwduESifh wdkufuvm;[ktrnfrsm;jzpfaMumif;? rif;aejynfawmfonf auvmoaygbk&m;\ taemufajrmufaxmifh&SdaMumif;? NrdKYwpf0ufum; awmifay:&Sd? tjcm;wbufum; nDaomajrjyifjzpfaMumif; a&;xdk;azmfjy\/
txufyg uvsmPDodrfausmufpmTef;twdkif;vdkuf 19 &mpkaESmif;ydkif;umv a&S;a[mif;okawoet&mxrf;rsm;jzpfMuaom a'gufwmtD;? azmfcrf;rm;ESifh rpwmawmfpdefcdkwdkYESpfOD;onf rGefjynfe,f? oxHkcdkif?bD;vif;NrdKYe,f auvmoawmifajcodkYuGif;qif;avhvmcJhMu\/ auvmoawmifajc0if;u&GmESifh uif;&GmtMum; a&S;ok0PblrdNrdKYdk; ESifh usHK;wdkYt
7/16/2019 ( ) -
2/306
- 2 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
tjcm;wpfzufwGif 1980 jynfhvGefESpfrsm;rSp aumif;uif"gwfyHkavhvmrIrSwpfqifh? a&S;NrdKUa[mif;ae&mrsm;pGmudk auvmoawmifajca'oESifh teD;0ef;usifa'owdkYrSawGY&SdcJh&\/ auvmoawmif\ajrmufbuf
wGif ppfawmif;? usdKuomESifhaumhxif;NrdKYa[mif;rsm;? auvmoawmifajcteD;wGif Zkwfokwf&GmBuD;? Zkwfokwf&Gmuav;? ZGJ*vm? 0dkif;ywf? rkoif? rkqdk;ruRef; (uuwpf)? vdyfcHk;paom NrdKYa[mif;rsm;&SdMu\/ bD;vif;jrpf0uRef;ay:ta&SYydkif; uwdkufuav;? uwdkufBuD;? qdyfuRef;? r&rf;ukef;? 'Hk0ef;paom NrdKYa[mif;ukef;rsm;udkawGY&\/ if;awmifbuf oxHkNrdKUa[mif;BuD;teD; uyfwnf&Sdae\/ oxHkteD;rS qifjzLuRef;ukef;onf
oxHkNrdKUa[mif;tapmydkif; acwftaxmuftxm;[k qdkEdkif\/ oxHk\taY&SawmifbufwGif rkwrNrdKYteD;prge*dk&f (vuGef;Asnf;) NrdKYa[mif;udkawGY&\/ if;azmfjyyg NrdKYa[mif;ukef;rsm;udk uGif;qif;okawoejyKonfhtcg
ok0Pblrdacwftxd a&S;usEdkifonfh taxmuftxm;vufa&;pif;tkwfcsyfrsm;udk ae&mwdkif; &SmazGawGY&Sd&\/rkwrauGYyifv,furf;dk;wef;ay:wGif wnf&Sdaom ,if;NrdKYa[mif;ukef;rsm;rSm a&S;tcgu yifv,fqdyfurf;NrdKYrsm;jzpfcJhaMumif; oufaotaxmuftxm;tjzpf a&S;acwfoHk;aiG'*Fg;rsm;? ykwD;aphrsm;ESifh,Ofaus;rIqdkif&m ajrrD;zkwf
kyfvHk;? kyfwk? kyf
7/16/2019 ( ) -
3/306
- 3 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
ok0Pblrd okawoe
jrefrmEdkifiHonf ok0PblrdNrdKYa[mif;wnf&mXmejzpfaMumif;uGif;qif;okawoe taxmuftxm;ESifhwuG oufaoxljyovkd pmudka&;ygonf/ ajray:wGifawmzHk;vsuf uG,faysmufaeao;aom NrdKYa[mif;rsm;udk pepfwus uGif;qif;avhvmjcif; rjyKEkdifao;ouJhokdY ajratmufwGifepfjrKyfaeqJ ]ok0Pblrd} ,Ofaus;rItarGtESpfrsm;udk okawoDwkdYtenf;i,frQomodMuao;\/
ok0Pblrd,Ofaus;rIysHYESHhwnf&Sd&m a&S;a[mif;oxHka'oodkYtoGm;tvmcufcJjcif;? e,fajrrNidrf;csrf;ao;jcif;wkdYaMumifh okawoDrsm; ta&muf
taygufenf;aeygao;onf/ xdkYtjyif y"meusaom tcsdKY NrdKYa[mif;ae&mrsm;udk 1970 jynfhvGefESpfrsm;wGifrS okawoDwkdYawGYcJhygonf/ uJhokdYaumif;uif"gwfyHkzwfIavhvmjcif;rS wpfqifhtopfawGY&aom NrdKYa[mif;ae&mrsm;udk pmwef;wifjyxm;ygonf/
7/16/2019 ( ) -
4/306
- 4 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
ok0Pblrd trnfwGifyHk
]ok0Pblrd}[kac:aom a'oonf wdrfjrKyfaysmufuG,faeqJ jzpf\/ ]a&Tajr}? ]a&Ta&miftqif;jzifhwifhw,faomajr}? a&TxGufaomEdkfifiH} ponfjzifh t"dyg,f& jrefrmwdkYu ]a&Twdkif;jynf? a&TEdkifiH}[kqdkaoma&S;a[mif;rif;EdkifiHwpfckonf? atmufjrefrmEdkifiHyifv,furf;dk;wef;om wnf&SdaMumif;? xdkrif;EdkifiH\NrdKYawmfa[mif;onf ,ckoxHkNrdKUae&myifjzpfaMumif;? ,if;NrdKYawmfudk jrefrmhtpOftvmrSwf wrf;rsm;wGif]ok0Pblrd-ok"r0wD}[kac:qdkaMumif;? ,if;ok"r0wDrS oxHkNrdKYtrnfwGifcJhaMumif; ]oxHk&mZ0if}udk jyKpkolOD;ynmESifh ]rGef&mZ0ifESifhapwDawmfordkif;} udk jyKpkol OD;a&TaemfwdkYuqdkygonf/
]ok0Pblrd} [k ausmfapm&jcif;taMumif;rSm ok"r0wD? oxHkjynfonf ]a&Ttqif;ESifh wlaomajronfvnf;aumif;? a&TxGuftyfaomajronfvnf;aumif;? a&TxGuftyfaomawmifwdkYonfvnf;aumif;?
a&TxGuftyfaomjrpf? acsmif;wdkYrSp a&TxGuftyfaom tif;tdkifponfwdkYaygrsm;aomaMumifh} ok0Pblrd[ka&S;tcguyifac:Muonf/ (oxHk&mZ0if? pm-30)
]r[morwrif;\om;awmf ol&d,ukrm&rif;om;onf rdrd\jynfoltvHk;t&if;ESifhwuG uko0wD(tdEd,)jynfrScGJxGufvmNyD;? pnfrsufESmjyifuJhokdY om,mnDGwfaom oxHkNrdKYwnf&mt&yf? awmBuD;odkYa&mufvmcJhaMumif;? xdktcgawmtajc? awmif\tajcajrjyif a&Tajr&wem aygif;rsm;pGmwdkYudk aumif;pGmjrifawGY&ojzifh pdwfESvHk;aysmfarGYcsrf;omjcif;jzpf? awmawmifcyif;wdkYukd ckwfxGif&Sif;vif;apNyD;? NrdKYeef;wnfaxmifvsuf ol&d,&mZmtrnfjzifh rif;jyKawmfrlaMumif;? odMum;rif;pH&m ok"rmewfeef;ESifhwlaomaMumifhok"r0wDok"r0wDok"r0wDok"r0wDok"r0wD[kac:wGif aMumif;azmfjyonf/} (oxHk&mZ0if? pm- 19-20)
7/16/2019 ( ) -
5/306
- 5 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
yd#uwfawmfESifU t|uxmvm ok0Pblrdt*Fkw&t|uxm
ok0Pblrdwnf&SdaMumif;udk t*Fkw&t|uxmusrf; -
oD[V'Dyawm ok0Pblrdowa,mZe owmed a[mEd/em0g,weEm OZk0gawowd?
ow'd0aoe ygykPdwkHoum/ [k ygVd*gxmpDonf/
t"dyg,frSm -oD[dkVfuRef;rS ok0PblrdodkY,lZemckESpf&mtuGm&Sdonfjzpfukef\/ oabFm? avS? azmifponfwdkhjzifh
ul;ukefaomolwdkYonfavajzmifhajzmifhvmvwfonf&Sdaomf(7)&ufjzifhyifvQifa&mufEdkifukef\ [kqdkygonf/
ayw0wK
odkYaomf yifv,fa&vrf;c&D;onf aiGoifjzL;cif;onfhvrf;wpfckawmhr[kwfay/ avjyif; rkefwdkif;rsm;us oabFmysufjcif;? epfjrKyfjcif;wdkYaMumifh tE&m,fvnf; BuD;rm;vSonf/ taMumif;udk ayw0wK?
cvm#d,aywdcef;txtrSmuH b*0wdavmauOyZdwGm y0wdw0& "rpautEkykaAe om0wd,H0d[a&aEm om0wd0godaem
owowm 0gPdZmok0Pblrd O'dem0g,r[mork'H Mow&d HokawrdtmkVm em0g0dor*gwapkudwm awpdawmpy&dArEdwH ya'oH t*rmod/ [k *gxmpDonf/
jrefrmjyefrSm -igwdkhjrwfpGmbk&m;ocifonfavmuyGifhawmfrl jrwfaomw&m;pufudkvnfaponf&Sdaomf
(w&m;OD;a[mawmfrlonf&Sdaomf) tpOftwdkif;om0wdjynf aeawmfrlpOf? om0wdNrdKY aeukefaom ukefonfckESpf&mwdkYonfok0Pblrdudk (ok0PblrdodkYoGm;jcif;Xm) &nf&G,f avSjzifhr[mork'&mudk jzwful;MuukefNyD/xdkukefonfckESpf&mwdkYonf wufpD;tyfukefaom avSwdkYudk tm;BuD;aomavt[kef (rnDnmaomavt
7/16/2019 ( ) -
6/306
- 6 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
[kef?rkefwdkif;)onfvTifhypftyfukefonf\tjzpfaMumifh? xdkrSonfrSvnf; ([kd[kdonfonfywfcsmvnf) ywfywfvnfukef\/ (cvm#d,aywd? ayw-|-44)
if;ayw0wK? ygVd vdykwaywtcef;vnf; ok0PblrdodkYoGm;aom oabFmpD;c&D;onfwdkYtaMumif;udkom0wd0godaem ud&yg#vdykw0godaem pA[l0gPdZm em0g,ok0Pblrd H tmtrdok/wawaum Oygodaum tmAm'daumrmwk*gar y#dA'pdawm umvrmumoH/aom uwukoavmyd a'0avmuHtEky yZdwGm wd,m y#dA'pdwwm,
ork'raZs 0drmEkayawm ykwGmedAwd/,H yeaom y#dA'pdawmwD ok0Pblrd*grded H em*Htbdk,S *pHwd?txacg aomayawmwHxkwd H*a[wkumarm em0g, *reHOyk'd/[k *gxmpDxm;&m
if;jrefrmjyefrSm -(wqifhpum;t&) om0wdjynfESifh yg#vdykwfjynf aeMuukefaom rsm;pGmaomukefonf
wdkYonf avSjzifhok0PblrdodkY oGm;MuukefNyD (qdk\)/ xdkvlukefonftaygif;wdkYwGif wpfa,mufaom
tema&m*gESdyfpufaom ukefonfwpfa,mufonf rmwk*gr wyfrufaompdwfjzifh aoavawmhonf/xdkaooGm;aom ukefonfonf jyKNyD;tyfaomukodkvfaumif;rI&Sdygaomfvnf; ewfjynf rjzpfbJ rdef;rwyfrufaompdwf (Oyg'gef) aMumifh ork'&mtv,facgif Adrmefjzifhae&aom Nydwmb0jzpfavNyD/xdkukefonfNydwmBuD;wyfrufaom rdef;ronfok0PblrdodkYoGm;&efjzpfaom tMuifavSudkwufpD; oGm;\/xdkaomtcg xdkrdef;rudkwyfrufaecJhaom NydwmukefonfBuD;onf xdkavSpD;vmaom olwyfrufaomtrsKd;orD;udk&,lcsif avSjzifhoGm;jcif;udk (avSpD;jcif;udk) wm;jrpfcJhNyD/(ayw-t|-254)
r[mZeu Zmwfawmfax&0g'Ak'bmom0ifwdkY\ r[mAk'0ifZmwfawmfBuD;rsm;rS r[mZeuZmwfawmfudk tuRrf;w0if&SdMu
NyD;jzpfygonf/ bk&m;tavmif;awmf r[mZeurif;om;onf crnf;awmfrif;BuD; \ xD;arGeef;arGudkjyefvnf&tHhaomiSm rdcifxHrS&wemypnf;xuf0ufrQudk awmif;,lpD;yGm; &Sm&eftwGuf ukefonfwdkYESifhtwlavSoabFmpD; ok0PblrdokdYukeful;&eftoGm;? c&D;wGif oabFmysufcJh&onf/ if;ZmwfawmfygVdbmomt|uxmusrf;wGif
wHye*a[wGm? ok0Pblrd H*Em"[k"eH tm[&dwGm/
7/16/2019 ( ) -
7/306
- 7 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
&ZH *PSdmrDwd? aomOyHtm[&maywGm/
b@dwHuwGm? ok0Pblrd H trdau[d0g PdaZ[d o'd H empm,/bPtma&maywGm/ykeed0wdwGm0\ - &HpEdwGm/trgt[H ok0Pblrd H-*rdmyDwdtm[/ [l *gxmpDygonf/
t"dyg,frSm -xdk&wem? a&T? aiGponfwdkYudk ,laqmif ok0Pblrda&TajrodkYvQif oGm;vyfrsm;pGmaom
ukefypnf;-Opm&wemudkaqmif,l rif;tjzpfudk,laytHh/ odkYxdkvQifaom? xdkZeurif;om;onfwpf0ufaom &wemwdkYudk aqmif,lapNyD; txkyfjyKNyD;vQif? ok0PblrdodkYoGm;rnfjzpfukefaom ukefonfwdkYESifhwuG
twlomvQifavS OpmxkyfponfwdkYudk wifcJhNyD;av wzefwHkjyef&Smvsuf? r,fawmfudktxyfxyf&Sdcdk;vQiftkdtrduREfkyfonfok0Pblrdrnfaom jynfodkYoGm;ygukeftHh/ odkYajymqdkav\ / /
r[mZeuysKdUvnf; vuFmoGm;jzihf odkYpyfqdkxm;&mOpmrnfrsm;? onfoHk;yg;wGif?&Sifhom;w0uf? r,fw0ufwnfh?csdefpufrQap? cGJa0NyD;vQif?yifv,fcGif? oHk;yifwdkifBuD;?
oabFmpD;? ESD;ESD;ET,fET,f?
acgufjcif;
7/16/2019 ( ) -
8/306
- 8 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
tma&mydw ba@g em0H tbdk[d/em0gr[mork'H taZs*ga[wGm/
rkpdua'oH tywGm0 ork'raZs0dyEm/r[mZaem rpypy baug ta[mod/ [l *gxmvm&Sdonf/
if;jrefrmjyefrSm -xdkAm[dvkvifonft&G,fodkYa&mufvwfaomfvlwdkYabmifaevsufukefoG,fjcif;Xm rsm;pGmaom
b@mwdkYudk avSudkjynfhap ork'&modkYouf0if (xGuf) acgufwkefYacgufjyefvSnfhvnfoGm;vmvsufckESpf Budrfwdkifwdkif y&dowfESifhwuG rdrd\NrdKUawmfodkY jyefvnfqdkufuyfEdkifavNyD/
&SpfBudrfajrmufrlum; ]ok0PblrdodkYoGm;tHh}[k ESvHk;oGif; wifoifhwifxdkufaom ukefb@mudkavSay:odkYwifavNyD/ avSonfork'&modkYouf0if tvkd&Sdtyfaom (ok0Pblrd) t&yfodkYra&mufrlork'&m\tv,fyifvQif ysufusavNyD/ (avSxJ)vltaygif;wdkYonf ig;? vdyfwdkY\tpmjzpfMuukefNyD/[ljzpfygonf/
ygpdwsm'd t|uxm
tjcm;Ak'0gpuusrf;pmrsm;wGifvnf; ok0PblrdtaMumif; azmfjycsufrsm;&Sdygao;onf/ ok0PblrdudkoGm;&mvrf;c&D; ork'&mjcm;vsuf&SdaMumif;udk
r[mork'H w&dwkumarmwdok0Pblrd H tEKHem0g,
r[mork'H w&dwkumarm/ [kawGY&\/if;jrefrmjyefrSm
ok0Pblrdt&yfodkY oGm;jcif;iSmavSjzifhr[mork'&modkYul;&jcif;iSm tvdk&Sdjcif;onf]r[mork'Hw&dwkumarm} rnf\/ [ljzpfygonf/
uJhodkY r[mork'&mudkul; ok0Pblrdt&yfodkYoGm;aom&[ef;wdkYtm;vnf; tmywfroifh[k(ygpdwsm'dt|uxm) (em0gbdk[e odudKye) tcef;wGifodkhzGifhqdkxm;ygonf/
]temywd wd&d,H w&Pm,m}wd?
Zwe eau0vH e'd,m? a,mydr[mwdwyEkawm wmrvdwd H0g
ok0Pblrd H0g *pwd wmydtemywd/if;jrefrmjyefrSm -
]tem rwdwd&d,H w&Pm,} [laom pum;\t"dyg,ftm; - ork'&mr[kwfbJ jrpfcsnf;oufoufodkYoGm;aom &[ef;tm; tmywfroifh/
tMuif&[ef;wyg;onfvnf; r[mwdwqdyfurf;em;rS umrvdwdodkYvnf;aumif;? ok0PblrdodkYvnf;aumif;oGm;av\/ xdk&[ef;tm;vnf; tmywfroifh[ljzpfygonf/
7/16/2019 ( ) -
9/306
- 9 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
Zmwu t|uxm
ig;&mhig;q,fZmwfawmf (Zmwu-|-4^16) wGifvnf;aom {u'd0oH pdaEod ]t[Ha*a[ pacedaP'gwHk eoudmrd?ty&duDaPa,0 pae em0g, ok0Pblrd H*Em"eH tm[&dmrd} wd?aomem0H AEmaywGm b@ yl&maywGmykw'g&H tmraEwGm ,m0g[H tm*pmrdwm0ar'geH tEkypdEdwGm y0aw,smxmwd0wGm 'gouru&y&d0kawm
owHtm'g, Oyg[eH tmk,S rZsESduora,ye*grmbdrkacg yg,modjrefrmjyef-
wpfaeY ocFykPm;onf ]igonftdrf "eOpmukefavvQifvSL'gef;jcif;iSmpGrf;Edkifvdrfhrnfr[kwf?"eOpmrukefcrf;cifavSjzifhok0PblrdodkYoGm; OpmudkwpfzefaqmiftHh} [lBuHpnfavNyD/ xdkocFykPm;onfavSudkzGJYpD&if b@mudktjynfhjznhf om;r,m;udkac:NyD;vQif]igjyefvmonfhwdkifatmifightm;wpfzefjzwftvSLudkjzpfapMuukefavmh} [kqdk uReftvkyform;rsm; NcH&HvsufxD;udk,l zdeyfudkpD; aerGef;wnfhtcsdef0e&GmbufodkYOD;wnfxGufoGm;avNyD. . . / [lyg&Sdonf/
if; Zmwut|uxm(|-3^174)vnf;w'g ukkup0gPdZmem0g, ok0Pblrd H*pEd ? aomawOyouFrdwGm]t[H*EaAm em0g,a0weHca@wGmwkrSmuH *EAH u&domrd?rrraexm} wd?aw ]om"l} wd wrd tma&maywGmem0H0daZoHk
if;jrefrmjyef-
xdktcg ukkupukefonfwdkYonfavSjzifhok0PblrdodkYoGm;Muukef\/ xdkbk&m; avmif;onfxdkukkupukefonfwdkYtm;csOf;uyf ]vrf;jyjzpfaomigonf avS\tzdk; tcudk uefUowfydkif;jzwfapoifukefonfwdkYtm; oGm;oifhaomc&D;udkTeftHh/ ightm;vnf;vkdufcGifhay;ygavmh} [k qdk\/
xdkukkupukefonfwdkYonf ]aumif;ygNyD}[k jyefajym xdkbk&m;avmif;udkvnf;(avSay:odkY) wufapavSudkvTwf (&GufvTifh)[k azmfjyyg&Sdonf/
7/16/2019 ( ) -
10/306
- 10 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
rdvdEymygVdawmf
wpfzef rdvdEyOmygVdawmf,xmr[m&mZ oraem em0daumy#aeok|KuwokauFm r[mork'H y0godwGm0*F HwaumvH "deHaom0D&H ok&|Htvo'H aumvy#eH ok0Pblrd H *pwdtnrd ,H udd em0go&PH
if;jrefrmjyefrSm -
rdvdErif;BuD;-Oyrmtm;jzifh Opm&SdaomavSolBuD;onfqdyfurf;em;tcGefxkwfudk ausatmifaqmifr[mork'&modkY0if (oufqif;) 0*Fwdkif; (A*Fvm;) odkYvnf;aumif;? waumwdkif;okdYvnf;aumif;? pdefYwdkif;
(wkwfjynf) odkYvnf;aumif;? aom0D&wkdif;odkYvnf;aumif;? ol&wdkif;odkYvnf;aumif;? tvoEwdkif;odkYvnf;aumif;? aumvr#ewdkif;odkYvnf;aumif;? ok0PblrdodkYvnf;aumif;? oGm;ouJhodkY qdktyfNyD;onfrSwyg; trSwfr&Sdaomwdkif;okdY avSjzifhvSnfUvnfoGm;vmjcif;[l azmfjyxm;onfudk awGY&ygonf/
uJhodkY Ak'usrf;pm rsm;azmfjycsuft& tdEd,rSrif;om;? ykPm;? &[ef;? ukefonf? a,musfm;?rdef;rwdkYonfok0PblrdokdYtoGm;tjyef? ul;vl;qufqHoGm;vmcJhMuyHkudk od&Sd&ayonf/ &[ef;awmfrsm;onfAk'omoemjyK&ef
7/16/2019 ( ) -
11/306
- 11 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
ok0Pblrdt&yfonf tdEd,ESifh ork'&m (b*Fvm;yifv,f) jcm;vsufae\/ ukefoG,f a&mif;0,f&mqdyfurf;NrdK Y jzpf\/ oabFm(&GufavS)jzifh vmaomukefonfwdkYrSm wpfcgwpf&H avjyif;rkefwdkif;'PfaMumifh
toufqHk;IH;&jcif;vnf;&Sd\/ odkYaomf q,fcgwpfcgrQomjzpf toGm;tvmrysufay/ aomPESifhOwrax&fwdkYqdkufa&mufvmaMumif; wwd,o*uxm (*d-|? 1^52) azmfjycsufwGif ]'dy orEawm}[lonfUyk'ft&? uRef;ajr[lteuf&ay&m? tcsKdUynm&SifwdkYu ok0Pblrdonf ukef;ajrr[kwf uRef;EdkifiHjzpf wef&m\[k ,lqMuayonf/ odkYjzpf ta&SUawmiftm&SuRef;qG,fydkif;rS rav;uRef;qG,f? pkrmMwm;uRef;? *smAm;uRef;ponfwdkYudk ok0Pblrdt&yf[k Tef;qdkcJhMuayonf/ trSefrSm rax&fwdkYtapmifhta&Smuf (tkyf) rsm;xm;
onfhuRef;qdkonfrSm auvmoawmifajc&if; ywfvnfae&mudkomqdkvdkjcif;jzpfygonf/ rav;? *smAm;?pkrmMwm;uRef;BuD;rsm;udk ywfvnftapmifhkyfxm;&ef rjzpfEdkifay/ auvmo awmifajc ok0PblrdNrdKUawmfudka&usKH;ywfvnf0ef&Hvsuf pDrHxm;jcif;jzpf xdkawmifajca'owpfckvHk;udk uRef;[kqdkvdkjcif;omjzpfEdkif\/
taMumif;udk a&SYtcef;rsm;wGif qufvufaqG;aEG;wifjyoGm;ygrnf/
yg&mZdu t|uxm
aomPESifh Ow&rax&fwdkY qdkufa&mufcsdeftcg a&apmifhbDvl;rsm;u ok0PblrdNrdKYawmfudkaESmuf,Sufvsuf&SdyHktaMumif;udkvnf; ordkif;q&mwdkYu yHkjyifqefqefZmwfvrf;tjzpfa0zefcJhMu\/ yg&mZdt|uxm usrf;yg&Sdaom
ok0Pblrd H *Eme aomEkw&mr[d'dum? ydomaped 'rdwGme
jA[Zmv a'o,sKHif;jrefrmjyef
wefcdk;BuD;aom toQifaomeESifh toQifOw&rax&fESpfyg;wdkYonfoHk;yg;ukefaom toQifwd*kw? toQifaomrm,wdkhESifh ok0Pbkrdrnfaom (oxHk) jynfodkY? aumif;uifc&D;jzifh
7/16/2019 ( ) -
12/306
- 12 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
&mZ0ifxJu ok0Pblrd
wdkif;&if;taxmuftxm;rsm;rS ok0PblrdtaMumif;udk azmfjy&ef ae&ma'oESifhtcsdef(&ufpGJ) (Timeand Space) ukd odom&eftwGuf umvtydkif;tjcm; (Date) ESifh tjzpftysuf(Event) udk azmfTef; wifjy&ygrnf/ taemufwkdif;ordkif;wif&ufpGJudk c&pfESpfjzifh azmfjyvsuf&SdouJhodkY ta&SYwkdif; tEd,? jrefrm?
,dk;',m; (xkdif;) EdkifiHorkdif;twGuf Ak'y&dedAmef pHvGefonfhESpf (omoemESpf) udk oHk;avh&Sdonf/ ,ck
ok0Pblrdordkif;udkvnf; Ak'rwdkifrDacwf? Ak'acwf? Ak'vGef (omoemESpf) acwf[l u@cGJNyD; azmfjyygrnf/odkhjzpf ok0Pblrd[kqdkvQif tjzpftysufBuD;ig;ckESifh oufqkdifaeaMumif;awGY&rnfjzpfygonf/
1/ yxrjzpf&yfrSm Ak'rwkdifrDu ok0PblrdNrdKYwnfaxmifyHkjzpf\/2/ 'kwd,jzpf&yfrSm Ak'ESifhacwfNydKif ok0Pblrdjzpfygonf/3/ wwd,jzpf&yfrSm Ak'vGef (omoemESpf) oHk;&mpkESpfwGif wwd,o*Fg,emwifyGJNyD; ajrmuf
udk;wkdif;udk;XmeodkYt&Sifarm*vdykwwd rax&fBuD;u omoemjyKtzGJYrsm;udk apvTwfcJhpOfu aomPESifhOw&rax&fwdkh
7/16/2019 ( ) -
13/306
- 13 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
4/ pwkwjzpf&yfrSm Ak'vGef (omoem) ESpf (930) wGif t&Sifr[mAk'aCmorax&f oD[dk#fuRef;rSyd#uwfoHk;yHkygVdawmfESifh t|uxmudk rm*"bmomjzifh a&;ul;cJh ok0Pblrd-oxHkjynfodkY,laqmifcJhaMumif;
yifjzpfonf/5/ yrjzpf&yfrSm yk*Hjynf tEkk'a'0 (taemf&xmrif;) ESifh oxHkjynf raem[&D (rEk[mrif;)
wdkY ppfBuD;jzpfMu oxHkNrdKYysuf? jynfysufjzpfjcif;taMumif;yifjzpf\/
ok0Pblrd orkdif;onf if;jzpf&yfBuD; ig;ckESifhoufqkdifae\/ taMumif;csif;&mig;ck taxmuftxm;rsm;awGYEdkifaom ae&mXmeonfomvQif ok0PblrdjzpfEdkifygonf/ ok0Pblrdonf xdkif;EdkifiHjzpfovm;?rav;uRef;qG,fvm;? pkrm;Mwm;uRef;? *smAm;uRef; ponfhae&mrsm;vm;? atmufjrefrmEdkifiHvm;? tdEd,jynfb*Fvm;e,f[kwfovm; ponfhar;cGef;rsm;udk txufyg ordkif;jzpf&yf (5) ckESifhomwkdufqdkifppfaq;oifhygonf/xdkodkYppfaq;vQif atmufjrefrmEdkifiHrS oxHka'oomvQif tcsufrsm;ESifhudkufnDaeaMumif; awGY&rnfjzpf
ygonf/ok0PblrdkyfyHkvTmudk azmfxkwfonfUtcg jrefrm&mZ0if? rGef&mZ0ifusrf;rsm;tjyif? if;usrf;rsm;udkpkpnf;
xkwfEkwfwifjyaom oxHk&mZ0if(OD;ynm)? rGef&mZ0ifESifh apwDawmforkdif;(OD;a&Taemf)? &mrna'o"gwfawmforkdif;? yJcl;uvsmPDrGefausmufpm? tp&Sdaom taxmuftxm;rsm;wdkYrS xkwfEkwf azmfjyoGm;rnfjzpfygonf/ tcsKdYordkif;ynm&SifBuD;rsm;u ]ok0Pblrdonf oxHkr[kwf? auvmoawmifajc (t,ufor?0if;u) a'oomjzpfonf[k Tefjyavh&Sd\/ pifppfoxHk (ok"r0wD) NrdKYa[mif;ae&mudk tcsdefESifhtrQtaMumif;trsKd;rsKd;wdkYaMumifh a&TYajymif;xlaxmifcJhMuyHkudk od&efvdkygonf/ taMumif;&if;rsm;udk tpOftvmrSwfwrf;rsm;t&om od&SdEdkifayvdrfhrnf/ ]a&S;xHk;vnf;ry,feJU} [lonfh jrefrmpum;twdkif; a&S;xHk;y,f
vGJcJhyHkudk u@wGifawGY&rnfjzpfygonf/
rSefeef;&mZ0if
xdktcg (omoem 900 ausmf) ok0Pblrdrnfaom oxHkjynf tppGmrif;jyKaom oD[&mZmrif;rSom;ajr;rysuf ESpfq,fhig;qufajrmufjzpfaom "rygvrif;onf omoemawmf tvGefMunfndK&um;t&SifAk'aCmotm; qifjzLwpfpD;trwfBuD;av;a,mufESifhwuG txl;xl;aomvufaqmifwkdhjzifh csD;jrihfay\/t&SifAk'aCmovnf; ykodrfoabFmqdyfrS rZdKra'oodkh ul;awmfrlNyD;vQif rZdKra'o r[maAm"d?
owXmeae&O&m? ykygHkausmif;awmfpaomyHkpHrsm;udk yef;csDwdkYa&;apNyD;vQif oD[dk&fuRef;ay:odkYul;tHhonfudkMuHawmfrl\/... (xkdaemuf)
'udPa'ob*FoabFmqdyfodkYoufoabFmjzifh oD[dk|fuRef;odkhul;awmfrl\/ xkdtcg oD[kd|fuRef;r[m0d[m&"meC& oHCmygvrax&fxH ax&0g'ESihfwuG oD[kd|ftXuxmudkem a&S;OD;pGm0dok'dr*fusrf;udkjyK\/ xkdaemuftvHk;pHkaom tXuxmusrf;wdkYudk rm*"bmomjyefawmfrl\/
xkdrSwyg; oD[dkVft&SifAk'[dwq&mxH r[mtXum? r[mypdkuft|uxm? ukkEDt|uxm-oHk;usrf;wdkYudkoif usrf;trsm;jyKawmfrl\ [lazmfjyxm;ygonf/ (rSefeef; pm 209 211)t&Sifr[mAk'aCmoonf rZdra'owGifomoemrwnf? oa&acw&m? oD&dyp,m? &mrna'o
paomt&yfwGif omoemwnfrnf[kod&ojzifh? yd#uwfawmfrsm;udk ok"r0wDoxHkjynfokdYaqmif,lvmcJhaMumif;? xkdtcg&mrnwkdif;tm;vHk;tkwftkwfusufusuf ausmfapmojzifh rif;? rdzk&m;? jynfom; jynfoltaygif;wdkY
7/16/2019 ( ) -
14/306
- 14 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
BudKqkdMuNyD;? dkaoav;jrwfpGma&Teef;awmfOD; ok"rmr@yfaqmuf yd#uwfawmf[laom "rapwDawmfudkoGif;xm;&aMumif;azmfjyygonf/ (rSefeef;? 211)
xkdtcsdefuoxHkjynfwGifomoemjyKrax&ft&Sifraemr'Donf yd#uwfawmfrsm;jzifh omoemjyKawmfrlonfhtcg jrefrmjynf? rGefjynf? &ckdifjynf? &Srf;jynf? ,Gef;jynf? vif;Zif;jynf? aomuwJjynfwkdh
oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrlukefaom &[ef;oHCmwkdYonf oxHkokdY toD;oD;
7/16/2019 ( ) -
15/306
- 15 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
]rkwrNrdKYr[mydEJbkef;awmfBuD;xH rGeftu&mESifh&Sdav&m? ukef;abmif0Hom? aevmoeif;? A'Hkrif;w&m;BuD;vufxufawmftcg jrefrmjyefaptrdefhawmfjrwft& jyefqdkxm;&Sdaomordkif;pm} [kqdkaom ]&mrnwdkif;
oHk;&yf? "mwfawmfordkif;} pmtkyfudk &efukefNrdKYppfuJ armifaxmfav;vrf;ae? tNidrf;pm;NrdKYtkyfolaumif;jyKNrdKU0efOD;wmydk; rdom;pku "r'getjzpf yHkESdyfonf/ 1273 ckESpf (1811 ckESpf) &efukefNrdKY a*:0ifvrf;jrefrmhMobmyHkESdyfwdkufwGifdkufESdyf yJcl;NrdKYta&SYa&TeHhombk&m;(ausmif;wkduf) om;&SifjyKtvSLyGJrSm tkyfa&(1000) a0cJhaom pmtkyfjzpfonf/ &mrna'orS NrdKYaygif; (70) ausmfwGif qHawmf? oGm;awmf? "gwfawmf?ajcawmf&mapwDrsm; wnfxm;yHktaMumif;rsm;yg&Sd\/
aemufxyf rGef&mZ0ifusrf;wpfapmifudk rl&if;usrf;&SmrawGY&aomfvnf; OD;ynm\ oxHk&mZ0ifwGifudk;um;azmfjycsuft& ukef;abmifquf? bBuD;awmfrif;vufxufwGif jrefrmbmomodkYjyefqdkonfhusrf;jzpfaMumif; od&ygonf/ if;usrf;taxmuftxm;t& oxHkNrdKUwnfp taMumif;t&mrsm;ESifhwuG? NrdKYawmfudktBudrfBudrf ajymif;a&TYwnfaxmifyHkrsm;udkyg odcGifh&cJhygonf/ ,ckwifjyrnfhtcef;wGif if;rSef&mZ0ifusrf;tygt0if? oxHk&mZ0if (OD;ynm) rS aumufEkwfazmfjycsufrsm;udk wifjyoGm;rnfjzpfygonf/
7/16/2019 ( ) -
16/306
- 16 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
oxHk&mZ0if(OD;ynm)
yxrok"r0wD
](jrefrmou&mZf) 1185 ck (c&pfESpf 1796)? owif;uRwfvqef; (6) &ufaehwGif aumh*Gef;ausmuf*lwGif;rS i&JoD-i&rfrdyvJ-ZmwwGefwdkYwdkufxkwf,lcJhMuaom rGefbmomESifh oxHkNrdKYBuD;\ ordkif;pma[mif;ukdbBuD;awmfbk&m;odkY qufoMuonfwGif q&moD&daZ,solESifh pma&;(iwd)wdkY jrefrmbmomjyefqdkonfUrGefpmt& jyefpmrSmaomfum;} [l tpcsD;xm;aom okbdEe*&NrdKUwnfaxmifyHktcef;rSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpf\/
oxHkNrdKY jzpf&if;tpum; xkdt&yfrkqdk;vlrsKd;tdrfajcig;&m&Sd\/ xdk&GmwGif tBuD;jyKolum;urmOD;rif;rsKd;rif;EG,frSaygufzGm;aom ok'rme0 trnf&Sdaomolonf ig;yg;oDvESifhjynfhpHkjcif;? w&m;awmfukdusifhjcif;? a&S;a&S;b0ujyKcJhbl;aom ukodkvf&Sdjcif;wdkYaMumifh odMum;rif;onf raeEdkif qif;ouf
vmNyD;vQif NrdKYckESpfxyf? usKH;ckESpfxyf? wnfvkyfzefqif;NyD;rS ok"r0wDNrdKY[k orkwfNyD;vQif xdkok'rme0trnf&Sdaomoludk 1/ ok"r&mZmtrnforkwf rif;jyKap\/
xkdrif;pkawaomf 2/ om; y'kr&mZm 3/ omvD&mZm4/ aomrEk&mZm 5/ a'0wd&mZm6/ umvD&mZm 7/ eE&mZm8/ rdw&mZm 9/ omrn&mZm10/ O'kr&&mZm 11/ umv0gEk&mZm12/ t'dEEku&mZm 13/ r[momv&mZm
14/ &ru&mZm 15/ r[mom&&mZm16/ e&mol&&mZm 17/ tEkr&mZm18/ oD&d0kw&mZm 19/ Okeu&mZm20/ tom*E&mZm 21/ jA['w&mZm22/ oD&dwd&mZm 23/ (om;) O*&&mZm24/ (om;) "ra'0&mZm rif;jyK\/
xdkrif;ESpfq,fhav;qufudk vGefonfhaemuf ok"r0wDNrdKYonfvnf; rif;qufr&Sd tESpfrsm;pGmawmBuD;jzpfaeav\/ (oxHk&mZ0if? pm - 36 - 37)
7/16/2019 ( ) -
17/306
- 17 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
'kwd,ok0r0wD
xdkt&yfwGif &Gmw&GmESifh oD[trnf&Sdaom &aohESifhtukF&trnf&Sdaom&aoh . . .wdkY&SdMuukef\/ tuFk&&aohxH ok"r&mZmrif;wdkY\ tquftEG,frSjzpfaom oli,fwpfa,mufonfrxifr&Sm;aomtoGifjzifh&Sdav\/ . . . xkdoli,f\trnfum; oD&d,ukrm[kwGif\/ &aohESpfyg;wdkYonf
odkhBuHMu\/ igwdkh (udwdr) om;onf bkef;ynmvuPmtmPmwefcdk;ESifh jynfhpHkaomom;jzpfonf/odMum;ewfwdkhapmifrojzifh rif;jzpfxdkuf\[kBuHMuukef\/ xdk&aohESpfyg;wdkhBuHaomtwdkif; . . .odMum;rif;onf raeEdkif qif;oufNyD;vQif? &aohESpfyg;wdkYaeaom ocFef;ausmif;ESpfckwdkhtMum;wGif NrdKYkd; (7) xyfum&HaomNrdKYudkwnfvyf (ok"r0wD[k orkwfvsuf? rif;ajrmufwHqm (5) yg;ESifhwuG oD&d,ukrmudkeef;wif 1/ aZmwdygv&mZm[laom trnfjzifh rif;jyKap\/ xdkrif;pkawvQif (om;) oD&drmaomurif;onfrif;jyK\/ (oxHk&mZ0if? pm- 37-38)
wwd,ok"r0wD? ok0Pblrd
xdktcg Zif;usKdufawmifwGifaeaom &Sif&aohESifh ZGJuyifawmifwGifaeaom xdkrif;\bdk;awmfjzpfonfU&Sif&aohESpfyg;wdkYudk oD&drmaomurif;uyifh NrdKYeef;opfwnfaMumif;udk avQmuf&mwGif &aohESpfyg;wdkYurdrdwdkYxHqD;uyfylaZmfvmaom 0dZm"dk&fESifhwdkifyifNyD;vQif a*wyvk (a*ghawmif) trnf&Sdaomawmif\ ajrmuft&yf NrdKYwnfNyD;vQif 0dZm"dk&fu ig\ajr;onf bkef;wefcdk;tmPmESifh jynhfpHkaomoljzpfonf/ NrdKYdk;udka&TpyfoGif; wnfvkyfygtHh[k BuHNyD;aomf a&Ttkwftrsm;oGif;vkyf NrdKYwnfav\/
odMum;rif;onf xdkokdYa&Tpyfjzifhvkyfaom NrdKY jzpfjcif;aMumifh t"Gefh&SnfpGm ow0gtaygif;wdkYrSmOyg'fab;'gPfjzpf&maom taMumif;jzpfacsonf[k ESpfvHk;ylyef 0dZm"dk&fjyKvkyfaom a&TwdkYudkodrf;,lNyD;vQifOrSifwnfvkyfNyD;rS xdka&TwdkYudk OrifoGif;xm;av\/ xdkrsm;pGmaoma&TudktaMumif;rl ok0Pblrd[kwGif
ownf;/ xdkOrSifonfvnf; ,ckwdkif&Sdav\/
xdkok0PblrdNrKdYudk oD&drmaomurif;u rdrd\tpfudk "rZrif;om;tm;ay; xdk"rZrif;om;rif;jyKav\/ ok"r0wDNrdKYrSm oD&drmaomurif; rif;jyK\/ nDawmf-aemifawmfESpfyg;? xD;NydKif-eef;NydKifpHMu\/
oufawmf (68) ESpfwGif uHukefav\/ xdkrif;r&SdvQif ok"r0wDNrdKYqdyfNidrf ok0PblrdNrdKYyGifhvif;pnfyifav\/
"rZrif;onf pnf;pdrftESpf (30) cHNyD;rS pkawav\/ xdkYaemuf
2/ Ava'0rif; 3/ ypwdkufrif;4/ tDwacgifrif; 5/ ulvyomwulrif;6/ tmwyrif; 7/ "raZ|rif;8/ t*Fkw&owfrif; 9/ oD&d0dZmrif;10/ "r0wDrif; 11/ AE0rif;12/ &werif; 13/ okbm0dwrif;14/ pEyaZmwrif; 15/ r[maomurif;
7/16/2019 ( ) -
18/306
- 18 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
16/ wdrif; paom rif;aygif;wpfq,fhajcmufqufwdkYonf ESpfaygif; (237)ESpfwdkif rif;jyKMuavukef\/ xdkNrdKYonf ok"r0wDrScGJwzef ok0PblrdNrdKUudk wnfjyefojzifh ]okbdEe*&} [kac:Muav\/
(oxHk&mZ0if? pm - 36-40)"rZrif;rsKd;wpfq,fhajcmufqufwdkYwGif aemufqHk;rif;jzpfaom wdrif;BuD;vufxufrSm a*gwr
bk&m;yGifhawmfrrlrD tESpf (50) cefhjzpfonf[k oxHk&mZ0ifu qdkxm;ygonf/ odkhjzpf yxrok"r0wD(ok"r&mZmrif;)? 'kwd,ok"r0wD (aZmwdygv&mZmrif;)ESifh wwd,ok"r0wD ("rZrif;) wdkhwnfaxmifcJhMuaom
ok"r0wD (oxHk) NrdKUrsm;udk Ak'rwdkifrDu ok0Pblrd? oxHkNrdKYrsm;[kqdk&rnf/ if;aemufAk'ESifhacwfNydKifwnf&SdaecJhaom ok0PblrdNrdKYudk oD[&mZm rif;vufxufwGif wnfcJhjyefonf/ (oxHk&mZ0if? pm- 42)
pwkwok"r0wD? ok0PblrdNrdKYudk xyfrHjyKjyifjcif;
wdrif;BuD;onf okbdEe*& (wwd,ok"r0wD? ok0Pblrd) wGif rdzk&m;oD&du yga'0DESifheef;pH\/ orD;awmfwpfyg;? om;awmfwpfyg;zGm;onf/ orD;awmf ok0Pa'0D? om;awmf0dZ, ukrmtrnfrSnfhawmfrlonf/ xdktcg *Ref;(
7/16/2019 ( ) -
19/306
- 19 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
NrdKYeef;udk topfxyfrHjyKjyifMuum NrKdYawmfopfudk ok"r0wD[korkwf (bdk;awmfteif; NzdKcGif;ou&mZf)110 jynfhESpfwGif udwdrom;udk wd"roD[&mZmbGJYtrnfjzifh eef;wifMuonf/ jynf\trnfrSmrlum;
if;wdkif;jynfNrdKUtv,fwdkh a&TxGufaomjrpfacsmif;ESifh NrdKYxdyfwGif a&TxGufaomawmif&Sdjcif;aMumifhvnf;aumif;? xdkNrdKYEdkifiHawmftwGif; a&TxGufaomae&m Xmetrsm;yif&Sd vnf;aumif;? yuwdajruyif a&Ta&miftqif;&SdaomaMumifhvnf;aumif;? ok0Pblrdjynf[k wHqdyfcyfESdyfawmfrlonf/(oxHk&mZ0if? pm .42-53)
rGef&mZ0if if; (pwkw) ok0PblrdNrdKYudk odMum;rif;ujyKjyifwnfaxmifay;onfU taMumif;udk]ok0PbHkNrdKYae&meef;wdkYonf ewfAdrmefESifhtrQ zefqif;NyD;rS a&T? aiG? zefrSef? aMu;eD? aMu;jzL? ovJNrdKY[lNrdKYckESpfxyfvkyfaqmifpDrH w,lZemc&D;u aysmfbG,f? IbG,f? aMumufbG,ftoHwdkhjzifh om,mpGmjzpftrsm;ocifausmfaZmxif&Sm;jcif;ESifh (twl) oD[&mZmbdodwfcHonf} [k azmfjyonf/
(rGef&mZ0if? pm-2)
*0Hywd &[Emok"r0wD oxHkjynfodkY
7/16/2019 ( ) -
20/306
- 20 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
7/ rGwfvtdawmif? uy&aoh8/ rGwfvtyfawmif? em&'&aoh
9/ usK durDawmif&aoh10/ aum,uZkwfokwfuRef;rS ewfbDvl;nDaemif-2-a,muf12/ 'dk;,Gef;awmif&aoh13/ aqmifcJawmifrS tvuy&aoh
aygif; (7) OD;aom yk*dKvfxl;wdkYjrwfpGmbk&m;xHtzl;tajrmfa&mufMu qHawmfwpfqlpD ay;oem;awmfrlonf/
wd"roD[&mZmrif;tm;vnf; qHawmfESpfqlay;oem;awmfrljyefonf/ xdkYtjyif bk&m;y&dedAmefpHvGefawmfrlaomf oGm;awmfrsm;udk*0Hywdaqmif,l oD[&mZmrif;tm;ay;vmvdrfhrnf/ apwDjyK xyfrHudk;uG,fawmh[k Asm'dwfay;cJhonf/ uJhodkYbk&m;&SifqHawmf (15)ql&aMumif;udk rGef&mZ0if apwDawmf
ordkif;aygif;csKyfuqdkygonf/ (oxHk&mZ0if? pm .60-63)oD[&mZmrif;onf w&m;awmfudkemcdkuf? aowwfaomoabmudk jrifojzifh xdwfvefY ]aeYao
rnf? naornfrod? rjrifEdkif (37) ESpfMumrS pG,fawmfudk udk;uG,f&[efr&Sd} [k pdwfu&SdaMumif;udkbk&m;&Sifodawmfrlonf/ odkhjzpf bk&m;&Sif\ kyfwkawmfudk vkyfudk;uG,f&efcGifh jyKawmfrlonf/ &ufvnfatmifaeawmfrl bk&m;a&SYawmfwGif a&Tqif;wkudk bk&m;udk,fawmftwdkif;oGef; oD[&mZmrif;udk;uG,f&onf[kqdkonf/ (oxHk&mZm0if? pm- 61-2) (rSef&mZm0if? pm-4-5)
qHawmf? kyfyGm;awmf? "gwfawmfrsm; Xmyem apwDwnfMujcif;
wd"roD[&mZmrif;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif\ qHawmfESpfqludk ok0PblrdjynftwGif; ou&mZf111 ckESpfrSmyif Xmyem apwDawmfwnfvkyfudk;uG,fonf/ (,ck a&Tpm&HapwD[k trnfwGifonf/)
xdkaemuf ou&mZf 148 ck? tZmwowfrif;NzdKaomESpf? bk&m;y&dedAmef pHvGefawmfrlaom tcg?oGm;awmf "gwfawmf 33 qludk txufAsm'dwfpum;twdkif; *0Hywd&[EmydkYay;vmojzifh? 4if;ESpftwGif;rSmyifwd"roD[&mZmrif;onf oGm;awmf 33 qlwdkYudk rdzk&m; 33 yg;? wpfyg;vQif wpfqluspDay;tyf?ausmufapwD 33 qlwnfvkyfap\/ (OD;a&Taemf? pm -24)
*p*D&dawmifu wdukrm&&aohonf rdrd&aom bk&m;&Sif qHawmfwpfqludk *p*D&dawmifxdyftpGef;wGif Xmyemvdkonfjzpf oD[&mZmrif;ESifh wdkifyifNyD;? bdeyfawmf (10) awmif apwDwnfvkyfonf/xdkapwDtapmifhtxdef;vl tdrfaygif; 50 udk (oD[&mZmrif;u) awmifajc&if;wGif &Gmwnfvkyfap\/4if;&Gm trnfum; ]uGrf;Zdkif;usyf}wGif\/ jrefrmjyefaom uGrf; = &Gm/ Zdkif; = ajc/ usyf ^ usmuf = bk&m;]bk&m;ajc (&if;) &Gm}[kqdk\/ xdk&Gmtrnfudk pGJNyD;vQif aemufom;? aemufajr;wdkYu ]Zdkif;usyf} &Gmudk]Zif;usKduf&Gm}[kvnf;aumif;? bk&m;udkvnf; Zif;usKdufbk&m;[kvnf;aumif; rrSefruefac:Mu\/ 4if;bk&m;apwD\ rlvbGJYawmfrSm ]usKdufajAmfewf}ac:\/ jrefrmbmomjyefaomf usKduf = bk&m;/ ajAmf =rdef;r/ ewf = e*g;/ ]e*g; rdef;rbk&m;} ]e*g;rbk&m;} [k qdk\/ awmiftrnfrSm ]*p*D&d} [k rlvtrnfwGifae\/(OD;a&Taemf? pm- 24-25) odkhaomfvnf;? aemiftcg Zif;usKdufawmif[kyifac:Muawmhonf/
7/16/2019 ( ) -
21/306
- 21 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
AE0*D&dawmifae oD[ukrm& &aohuvnf;? rdrd&&Sdxm;aom qHawmfwpfqludk rdrdoDwif;oHk;aeaomawmifxdyftpGef;wGif Xmyemvdkojzifh aumZmou&mZf 113 ckESpf aemifawmf wdukrm&&aoh? wlawmf
ok0Pblrdbk&ifwdkYESifh wdkifyifNyD; qHawmfudkXmyem\/ AE0*D&dawmif bk&m;[kyif ac:Mu\/ usKdufajAmfewfapwDESifh t&G,fwlyifjzpfonf/ AE0*D&dawmifajc&if;rSm avS? oabFmrsm; rMumrMumcdkuyf csDaESmifwwfMuaomaMumifh (xdkpOfu oHvGifjrpfaMumif;onf awmifajc&if;rS pD;qif;cJhzl;[efwl\) rGefvlwdkYu ]'dk;u&G,fuyef}ac:Mu\/ ]oabFmcsnf aomawmif} [kt"dyg,f&? bk&m;udkvnf; ]usKduf*&G,fuyef}? ]oabFmcsnfaombk&m;} [k ac:Muonf/ umva&GUavsm ]*&G,fuyef} rS ]ZGJuAef}? ]ZGJuyif} jzpfvmcJhonf/(OD;a&Taemf? pm- 26)
'dk;uarmhcwGH*vdkif;? 'dk;ukodem&H? 'dk;cvGef;[laom awmifoHk;vHk;u &aohoHk;yg;&aom qHawmfrsm;udkoHk;ESpftxd Xmyemjcif;rjyK&ao;bJ? 'kd;cvGef;? 'dk;ukodemHkawmifwdkYu &aohESpfyg; tema&m*gpGJuyf'dk;uarmhcwGH*vdkif;awmif Ak'OmP&aohxH rdrdwdkY&aomqHawmfrsm;udk ay;tyfNyD; rMumrDaovGefukefMu\/Ak'OmP&aohvnf; qHawmfoHk;qlraysmufrysuf&atmif rdrdqHuspfrSmpnf;aESmifxm;\/ xdkYaemuf Z&mzdqD;ESdyfpuf pkawawmhrnfudkpkd;&drf\/ odMum;rif; qif;vmNyD; &Sif&aohqHawmfoHk;acsmif; Xmyem&efulnDonf/wpfqludk &aohOD;acgif;ESifhwlaom ausmufwHk;udk&SmazGNyD; aumZmou&mZf 118 ckESpftwGif; ausmufwHk;udkxGif;azmuf qHawmfXmyem\/ &aohwjynfUvufom;wdkYu apwDwnfvkyfudk;uG,fMuonf/ rGefbmom]usKduftdoddk} jrefrmbmom ]&aoh&Gufxm;aombk&m;} qdk\/
usefaom qHawmfESpfqlteufwpfqludk odMum;rif;u 'dk;cvGef;awmifxdyfwpfql awmifxdyfausmufudkxGif; Xmyemay;\/ wdkuvm;NrdKYoay:rif;ESifh vltaygif;wdkYu bdeyfawmftawmif (50) apwDwnfvkyfMu\/ rGefbmom ]usKdufauom&} ac:\/ wdkuvm;NrdKYoay:rif;wnf ]usKdufoDvay: } vnf;ac:\/
(OD;a&Taemf? pm .26-29)usefaomqHawmfwpfqludk bD;vif;NrdKYa';cifawmifwef;\ taemufajrmufaxmifht&yf ukodem&H
trnf&SdaomawmifwGif odMum;rif;Xmyemay;jyef\/ qHawmfXmyemaom ausmufwHk;ay:u apwDi,fwpfqludk'g,umwdkYuwnfvkyfudk;uG,fMu\/ bGJYtrnfrSm ]usKdufukodem&H}ac:\/
xdk Yaemuf omoemESpf 235 wGif aomPax&f? Ow&ax&fwdk Yonf 'kwd,wnfaomok"r0wDoxHkjynf (auvmoawmifajcrSNrdK Y )udk omoemjyKvma&muf\/ aemufomoemESpf 250 ausmfwGif(xdkt&SifESpfyg;) y&dedAmefjyKawmfrlMuukef\/ tavmif;awmfudk ukodem&H bk&m;apwDxm;\/ xdkYaMumifhukdEmHktrnf ajymif; wGifavonf/ (OD;a&Taemf? pm .30-31)
rJvHawmifum; bD;vif;NrdKYe,f? ,if;tkH&Gmtxuf bD;vif;acsmif;rucGJoGm;aom rJvHacsmif;ajrmufbuf&Sdonf/ a&S;u em*yAwawmifjzpf\/ awmifay: ausmufwHk;BuD;oHk;vHk;&Sd\/ tay:ausmufvHk;udk
odMum;vm oefvsufESifh oHk;awmifwrdkufav;opfeufatmif xGif;azmufay;ojzifh (rJvHawmif) &aohuou&mZf 119 ckESpftwGif; qHawmfwpfqlXmyem\/ awmifteD;tyg;vlwdkY apwDwnfvkyfudk;uG,fMuNyD;?qHawmfbk&m;[lyifac:Mu\/ (OD;a&Taemf? pm .31)
aqmifcJawmifum; auvmoawmifapwDawmf\ ta&SUajrmufbuf? oJjzLacsmif;urf; em;wGif&Sd\/]tvl;} &GmESifheD;onf/ xdkawmifrS tvuy&aohonf rdrd&aomqHawmfwpfqludk awmifpGef;ay: Xmyemvdkwdkufukvm;NrdKU oay:rif;ESifhwkdifyifNyD; ou&mZf 113 ckESpftwGif; aqmifcJawmifpGef;ay:wGif XmyemMu\/
7/16/2019 ( ) -
22/306
- 22 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
apwDawmfvnf;wnfvkyfxm;\/ 4if;bk&m;onf bdeyfawmfajcmufq,fhav;awmift&G,f apwDBuD;jzpfonf/awmifcyfedrfhedrfhay:wGif wnfxm;rxif r&Sm;&Sdonf/
rGwfvtdawmifonf armfvNrdKifNrKdUrS txufydkif;a[mifoa&macsmif;zsm;wGif usdwfNrKdU&Sd\/ 4if;usdwfNrdKU
ta&SUwnfhwnfh c&D;wmaygif;wpfaomif;ESpfaxmif (rkdif 50 cefY ) tuGm&Sd\/ xdkawmifxdyf rGwfvtdbk&m;apwD&Sd\/ rGwfvtdawmifwGif oDwif;oHk;aeaom tvuy&Sif &aohonf rdrd&cJhaom qHawmfudkwifhw,fpGmXmyemvkd usdwf? awmifbdkYtp&Sdaom a[mif oa&macsmif;zsm;wpfavQmuf tkyfpdk;aomukvmykrif;ESifhwkdifyifNyD;
ou&mZf 114 ckESpfwGif rGwfvtdawmifxdyf Xmyemwkdufvkyf\/ qHawmfudk a&TMuKwfESifhoGwfoGif;Xmyem\/ bdeyfawmf q,fawmif? OmPfawmf wq,fhig;awmifausmufapwDwnfvkyf udk;uG,fMu\/awmifxdyfjyif tus,f ta&SUtaemuf tawmifav;q,f? (ay 80)? awmifESifhajrmufESpfq,fhig;awmif(ay 50)&Sd\/ apwDbJGYawmfum; ]usKdufrGwfvtd}? rGefrmbmom ]tNrJxifay:aombk&m;} qdk\/ awmiftjrihfrSm(ay 6000) cefY&Sdonf/
rGwfvtdawmifrS awmifbufc&D;jrefrmoHk;wkdif (6 rkdif) tuGm? ewfbDvl;awmif [kac:aomawmif&Sd\/ xdkawmifrS ta&SYpl;pl;&SpfrdkifcefYtuGmwGif rGwfvtyfawmifBuD;&Sd\/ xdkawmifudk ,dk;',m;&Srf;wdkYuydkif\/ 4if;rGwfvtyfawmif oDwif;oHk;aom em&'&Sif&aohonf ok0PblrdoxHkjynf jrwfpGmbk&m;
7/16/2019 ( ) -
23/306
- 23 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
rJvHawmif qHawmfapwD aqmifcJawmifusdKufwJqHawmfapwD
ukodemHk qHawmfapwD
7/16/2019 ( ) -
24/306
- 24 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
usKdurDbk&m;apwDrSm? usKdurDawmif&aohxHqHawmfwpfql&NyD;? 4if;usKdurDawmifay:wGif (,ckqifykef;*lteD;) Xmyemwnfvkyfudk;uG,fMu\/ apwDbGJYawmfrSm ]usKdurD} ac:\/ ]arQmfMunfhbk&m;} [kvnf;
t"dyg,f&onf/ ,ckausmufaqmifay:rS a&v,fbk&m;r[kwfay/ (OD;a&Taemf? pm .41)bD;vif;e,fZkwfokwft&yfonf bk&m;ryGifhrSDumv ewfbDvl;rsm;aeaom uRef;jzpf\/ ok0PblrdodkY
bk&m;&Sif
7/16/2019 ( ) -
25/306
- 25 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
ok0Pblrd? ok"r0wD-oxHkjynf (topfwnfpwkw ok"r0wD) pdk;pHMuaomrif;rsm;
wd"roD[&mZmrif; pnf;pdrftESpf (60) pHawmfrl ewf&GmpH\/ xdkrif;vufxuf ukodemHkawmifteD; r*FvmblrdNrdKUudkwnfcJhonf/ a&Tpm&HapwDESifh aumif;rIukodkvfrsm;pGm vSL'gef;cJhonf/ xdkrif;vGefaomf
2/ om;awmf oD&d"rmaomu&mZmrif;jyKonf/3/ om; "rygv&mZmrif;jyKonf/4/ om; ok0P&mZm? r[m"r"Z rif;jyKonf/xdkrif;vufxuf &wemoHk;yg;udk txl;ojzifh ,HkMunfjcif;jzpf bkd;awmfoD[&mZmrif; wnfcJhaom
pd&HapwD (a&Tpm&H) udk xyfrHjyKjyifcJhonf/ xdkrif; rdzk&m;BuD; ok0Pa'0DrSm yxrt&G,fwGif om;awmf?orD;awmfrjrifacs/ rif;BuD;onf xD;arGeef;arGqufcHolr&Sd olqif;&J orD;wpfa,mufudk rdzk&m;ajrmuf&m(ok'0Hoa'0D) bJGJY&\/ om;awmfwpfyg;? orD;awmfESpfyg; tpOftwdkif;bGm;jrif\/ om;awmfudk &mZ0HotuFk&ukrmtrnfay;onf/ orD;awmftBuD;udk pEmoD&d? ti,fudk eef;OD;oD&d bGJYawmfrsm;ay;onf/
xdkok0Prif;BuD;vufxuf rZ dra'orS toQifr[dEESif h toQifaomPpaom &[Emig;yg;
7/16/2019 ( ) -
26/306
- 26 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
orD;awmfti,f&aom qHawmfESpfqludkvnf; pd&HapwDESifh pEmoD&dapwDttMum; wnfxm;udk;uG,fav\/ xdkapwDudk orD;awmfti,f eef;OD;oD&dudkwnfapaomaMumifh eef;OD;apwD[lyifac:Muonf/ umv
&Snf emrnfa&GYavsmojzifh? ,cktcg eef;awmfOD;apwD[kac: Muonf/ (,ck oxHkNrdKYeef;awmfOD;ausmif;0if;awmifbuf&Sd\/)
xdkok0P&mZmrif;BuD;onf ok0PblrdNrdKY\ aemufbuf? jrpfi,f\wbufurf;? om& uvsmPDapwD\ awmifbuf? wm (300) cefY(udkuf 1050) tuGmwGif ausmif;wdkufwnf t&Sifr[dEpaom&[Emwdkufudk wnfaqmufNyD; t&[Em&mr[korkwfcJhonf/ aemufvlrsm;u xdkausmif;awmf&mudk &[Emwdkuf[kac:Mu\/ ,ckwdkif xif&Sm;&Sd\/ (oxHk&mZ0if? pm .66-70)
xdkok0P&mZmrif;BuD;\ rdzk&m;BuD;ok0Pa'0DrSm t&G,fvGefrSom;awmfESpfyg;udk tpOftwdkif;bGm;jrifjyefonf/ rif;BuD;u rif;rsKd;-rif;EG,frSefaom awmifeef;pHrdzk&m;BuD;rS om;awmfrsm;bGm;jrifjcif; aemuf
usavpG[k oHa0*&om;BuD;udk Oya'0&mZmoHa0? om;i,fudk O'dE&mZmoHa0[k trnftoD;oD;ay;onf/rdzk&m;i,frSarG;aom om;awmfBuD;tuFk&rif;om;onf rif;pnf;pdrfudkrufarmNyD; crnf;awmfrif;BuD;
tm;ypfrSm;ojzifh tusOf;csumxm;onf/ tpmiwfa&iwfvnf;xm;avonf/ awmifeef;pHrdzk&m;BuD;uOyg,fESifhtpm;taomufay;onfudkvnf; cGifhrjyKay/ aemufqHk;crnf;awmfBuD;aoavonf/ awmifeef;pHrdzk&m;BuD;vnf; NrdKY\ajrmufbuf&Sd jrpfi,f (acsmif;)wpfckwGif a&odkYqif;vsufudk,fhudkudk,fowfavonf/xdkjrpf acsmif;i,fudk ]&dyHke'D}? ]&efolaMumifhaoaomjrpf}[k qdkMuonf/ (,ck oxHkNrdKY ajrmufbufa&ykyfprf;jzpf\/)
5/ xdktuFk&rif;om;onf crnf;awmfudkowfNyD;eef;wufonf/ rif;usifhw&m;q,fyg;? ty&d[ed,
w&m;q,fyg;? o*F[w&m;av;yg;paom aumif;aomtrlt&mwdkYudk tvHk;pHkpGefYvsuf rw&m;aomtrIudkjyKonf/ crnf;awmfESifhwuG bdk;avmif;awmf? ab;avmif;awmfwdkY aumif;rI apwDykxdk;rsm;udkvnf;NzdKzsufXmyemwdkuftwGif;&Sd a&TaiG&wemOpmESifhwuG kyfwk-qif;wkrsm;udk ,liifoHk;pGJjcif;jyKav\/ txl;ojzifhab;avmif;awmf wd"roD[&mZmrif;rSp crnf;awmfok0Prif;BuD;vufxuftxd rif;wdkYtrSefoGif;ESHXmyemcJhaom pd&HapwD (a&Tpm&H) twGif;&Sd Xmyemypnf;rsm;udk NzdKzsufxkwf,loHk;pGJavonf/ if;ESifhtwltdrfa&SYt&mcefYxm;aom OD;&D;awmfESifhwuG aoemywdrSL;rwfwdkYvnf; rw&m;usifhMu olawmfw&m;ysufjym;Muaomtcg ewfwdkYonf;rcHEdkifMuojzifh rdk;BudK;ypfjcif;? avmifrD;usjcif;? ajrBuD;tufysKd ajrrsKdjcif; ponfjzifhtuFk&ESifhwuG rw&m;usifholwdkYaoMuavukef\/ odMum;rif;ESifh &aohjrwfwdkYzefqif; wnfaxmif ay;cJhaomNrdKYawmfwGif roifhravsmfusifhBuHMuaomaMumifh rif;ESifhwuG NrdKYudkajrNrdKavonf/ (OD;ynm? pm .66-73)
yrok0Pblrd - ok"ryl&NrdKY
tuFk&rif;udk rdk;BudK;ypf? avmifrD;us? ajrrsKdNyD;NrdK Y BuD;yg aysmufoGm;NyD;aemuf ok0P&mZmrif;BuD;\awmifeef;pHrdzk&m;BuD; ok0Pa'0DrSarG;zGm;aom om;awmfESpfa,mufwdkYonf NrdKYysufaomtcg xGufajy;wdrf;a&Smif toufab;rSvGwfMu\/ aemifawmf Oya'0&mZoHa0rif;om;onf rdrdESifhoabmwlolvltaygif;udkpkapmif;pnf;Muyfvsuf ajrrsKdoGm;aom NrdKY&ma[mif;\awmifbufuyfvsuf NrdKYdk;oHk;xyf? usKH;oHk;xyfESifhNrdKYBuD;wnf\/ xdkNrdKYudk ok0Pblrdwdkif;? ok"ryl&NrdKY[k orkwfav xD;eef;pdk;pHawmfrljyefonf/
7/16/2019 ( ) -
27/306
- 27 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
nDawmf O'dE&mZmoHa0rif;om;onfvnf; rdrdESifhoabmwlol vltaygif;ESifhwdkifyif ok"r0wDNrdKY&ma[mif;\ta&SYawmifay: NrdKYwnfvsuf &rm0wDNrdKY[k orkwfNyD;vQifaemifawmfESifh xD;NydKifeef;NydKif pdk;pHMu\/
wd"roD[&mZmrif;tm; odMum;rif;zefqif;ay;aom ok"r0wDNrdKUum; ,ckumv ok"rmukef;jzpfownf;/ Oya'0rif;wnfaom ok"ryl&NrdKYum; ,ckumvxif&Sm;&Sdaom oxHkNrdKYyifwnf;/ O'dErif;wnfaom&rm0wDNrdKYonfum; ,ckoxHkNrdKY\ ta&SYawmifay:&Sdaom v0NrdKY ac:aom NrdKY&ma[mif;yifwnf/(OD;ynm? pm .75)
Oya'0rif;onf omoemou&mZf (161) ckESpf (bDpD 382) wGif ok"ryl&NrdKYudk wnfaxmifrif;usifUw&m;q,fyg;paom usifh0wfESifhjynfhpHkpGmrif;jyK EdkifiHawmfom,m\/ okdY&mwGif aemifawmftuFk&rif;vufxuf bk&m;ykxdk;ponfwdkYudk NzdKzsuf&aom a&T? aiG? &wem wdkYudk rodoHk;pGJrd&mwGif rif;BuD;\udk,fuk|a&m*gpGJuyfav\/ xdktcg rSL;rwf? aoemywdpaom jynfolwdkYu xD;jzLaqmif;csif;wpfyg;aom rif;wdkhMum;
ravsmfojzifh NrdKYawmf\taemufawmif yifv,fwGif;&Sd uRef;i,f wpfckodkYydkYvkdufMu\/ xdkodkYuRef;i,fodkYtydkYcH&onfhtcg rif;\pnf;pdrftouf (30) &Sd? uRef;i,fodkYa&mufNyD; rMumrDuHukefav\/
q|rok0Pblrd - "n0wD (rkwr) jrdKY
ok"ryl&NrdKU&Sif aemifawmfOya'0rif;tm; uk|a&m*gElempGJuyf uRef;i,fodkYydkYaMumif;udk &rm0wDNrdKY&Sif nDawmfO'dE&mZmrif;Mum;odvQif xdwfvefhjcif;jzpf tuFk&rif;wdkYudk ajrrsKdaom ok"r0wDNrdKYa[mif;ESifheD;aomaMumifh jzpf&onf[kxifvsuf? a0;&modkYajymif;a&TYrSawmfrnf[k rSL;rwfrsm;ESifhwdkifyifNyD;vQif &r0wDNrdKYrS
onf awmifpOfawmifwef;wpfavQmufodkYajymif;a&TYav aemufqHk; wpfckaom awmifwef;\tpGef;tzsm;?
yifv,furf;em;odkYa&mufaomtcg awmBuD;udk ckwfxGif&Sif;vif;apvsuf NrdKYwnf "n0wDNrdKY[k orkwfNyD;vQifrif;vkyfawmfrlonf/ xdk "n0wDNrdKYudk awmifpGef;ausmufpGef; wnfonfjzpfaomaMumifh rGefbmomtm;jzifh'Hkrl;warmh[k ac:Muonf/ aemufpum;a&GYavsm rkwr[kjzpfvmonf/ (OD;ynm? pm- 76-77)xdk"n0wD(rkwr)NrdK Y O'dE&mZmtp? ode**Fgrif;tqHk; rif;aygif; 12 qufwGif xD;eef;ysuf awmBuD;twdjzpfav\/
"n0wDNrdKYwnfaomESpfrSm omoemawmf 236 ckESpfjzpfonf[k rGef&mZm0ifqdk\/ aemufqHk;ode**Fgrif;vufxufwGif e*g;rOrSaygufzGm;aomoli,frudk rdzk&m;ajrmuf om;awmfESpfyg; orvESifh0drvwdkYudkzGm;onf/ e*g;rrSef;od&aomtcg rdzk&m;udkowfavonf/ om;i,f ESpfa,muftrdrJhjzpf bdk;awmf&Sif&aohxHtyfavonf/ &Sif&aohvnf; ajr;ESpfa,mufudk auR;arG; t&G,fa&mufaomf oxHkrif;xHtyfxm;onf/rMumrD orvrif;om;ESifh oxHkrif;orD;wdkY&nfiHMuonfudk rif;uodvQifnDtpfudkESpfa,muf &aohxHxGufajy;vm&jyefonf/ bdk;awmf&aohvnf; nDaemifwdkYudk [Hom0wD&Sd&modkhTefjyNyD; oGm;a&mufumrif;jyKaponf/[Hom0wDwGif orv? 0drvwdkY rif;jyKMuum yxr[Hom0wDrif;qufudkxlaxmifMuonf/
owrok"r0wD? r&dblrd (NrdKufobHk) NrdKY
Oya'0rif;udk xD;eef;ucs uRef;i,fodkYtydkYcH&onfhtcg xdkrif;\om;awmf &mZmaZmeDrif;om;(oD0d&mZmrif;) ESifh om;awmf&mZmaZma0ac: aZmwukrmrif;om;wdkYonf ok0Pblrd? ok"r0wD?
ok"ryl&ae&monf igwdkYESifhrxdkufwefNyD[k oabmydkufNyD;vQif xdwfvefYaMumuf&GHYvsuf? xdkae&mudk pGefhcGmxGufajy;Mu&efBuHMuonf/ rSL;rwfwdkYESifhwkdifyifNyD;aemuf omoemawmfou&mZf 191 ckESpf (353 bDpD)
7/16/2019 ( ) -
28/306
- 28 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
uwdkufBuD; NrdKYa[mif; ESifU eef;awmf&mukef;
wGif &mZmaZmeDrif;om;onf aus;vufawm&Gmaetdrfajcaygif; (6700) ausmfwdkYdkudk qifhac:pkpnf;NyD;vQifxdkok0Pblrd oxHkNrdKY\taemufajrmufwmaygif; (4000) cefY(8 rdkifcefY) uGmaomt&yf uRef;i,fig;uRef;wdkYudkaygif; NrdKYwnfaxmifxD;eef;pdkufaqmufvsuf crnf;awmfuJhodkY &mZmaZmeDrif;om;pdk;pHonf/
Oya'0NrdKYrSygcJhaom "g;? vSH? av;jrm; paomvufeufwdkYudkvnf; a&uefBuD;wl; aq;aMumonf/apwDBuD;wpfqlwnfNyD;vQif? vufeufwdkYukd XmyemoGif;xm;avonf/ odkYaomf oHk;ESpfwdkifatmif NrdKUawmf
vnf;rNyD;? apwDawmfBuD;vnf;rNyD;rD? crnf;awmfOya'0rif;teddp jzpf&onfhtwGuf pdwfrcsrf;om? a&m*gpGJuyf ewf&GmpHonf/
crnf;awmfewf&GmpHvQif &mZmaZmeDrif;\om;awmf &mZmaZma0ac: aZmwukrmrif;om;onfxD;eef;qufcHrif;vkyf\/ NrdKYawmfESifhapwDawmfwdkYudkvnf; qufvuftNyD;owfwnf onf/ NyD;vQif r&doblrd-ok"r0wD [korkwfawmfrlonf/ ,ckxkdNrdKYa[mif;udk rdkufozHk;[k ac:Muavonf/ (OD;ynm?pm .78-79)? &mrna'o "gwfawmforkdif;wGifrl xdkNrdKUudk 'HkNrdKufobHk[kazmfjyygonf/ rGef&mZ0ifwGifrl NrdKYwnfaMumif;udk azmfjyrxm;ay/ jiKyfaumif;yifrsm;pGm aygufaomuRef;udk ygVdwpf0uf? rGefwpf0ufjzifhaumhr&dof[k ac:jcif;jzpfonf/ xkdrS r&doblrd[laomNrdKYtrnfjzpfonf[kqdk\/
uRef;i,fig;ckwdkY\trnfrsm;rSm1/ aumhcwwfwGwf - (vTi,fuRef;)? uwkdufuav;2/ aumhcwwfETwf - (vTBuD;uRef;)? uwdkufBuD;3/ aumhuoD - (pyg;avShuRef;)? aumhuoJuRef;4/ aumhESif;ESD; - (avSqdyfuRef;)? qdyfuRef;5/ aumhr&dof - (jiKyfaumif;uRef;)? r&rf;ukef;
wdkhjzpfMu\/ vTi,fuRef;? vTBuD;uRef;ac:onfrSm xdkpOfubD;vif;jrpfonf ta&SYzufurf;odkYxGuf ,ckuwdkufuav;ESifh uwkdufBuD;wdkYrSm jrpf0em;&SdcJh[efwl\/ aumif;uif"gwfyHkay:wGifvnf; xdkuwdkufuav;ESihf
7/16/2019 ( ) -
29/306
- 29 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
uwkdufBuD;wdkY teD;v,fuGif;jyif jrpfaMumif;a[mif;ae&mudk awGYEdkifygonf/ uJhodkY uRef;ig;uRef;udkpkaygif;NrdKYwnfaomaMumifh ypdKifyHk[kvnf; ac:Muonf/ (oxHk&mZ0if? pm- 80)
t|rok0Pblrd? [&do&blrd? a&Tavmif;NrdKYxdkjiKyfaumif;aygaom r&doblrd-ok"r0wDNrdKYonf a&v,fuRef;jzpf jynfolqif;&Jom;wdkYrSm
rdk;umvwGif toGm;tvmcufcJvSonf/ bdk;oGm;rdbwdkYaoausysufpD;aomaMumifh pdwfaomu jzpf&jcif;aMumifhvnf; t&yfwGif raevdkawmhNyD? qif;&Jom;wdkYkvkyfudkifpm;aomuf&ef jyefhjyL;us,f0ef;aomae&m?
NrdKYESifh a0;aomt&yfa'oodkYa&TYajymif;vdkonf[ktBuH&SdNyD;? rSL;rwfaoemywdwdkYESifhwdkifyif&m oabmwlMuojzifh xdkNrdKYrS taemufajrmufc&D;wmaygif; (15000)? (rkdif 30 cefY) uGma0;aomt&yf? aqmifcJawmifteD;?a&TxGufaomtif;BuD;wpfck\teD;odkYtdfrfajcaygif; 6000 ausmfESifha&TYajymif;cJh\/ omoemou&mZf (196)ckESpfwGif NrdKYwnfaxmifvsuf xD;eef;topfpdkufxlonf/ xdkNrdKYudk a&TxGufaomtif;\teD; wnfaomaMumifh
[&do&blrd? ok"r0wDNrdKY[k orkwfawmfrlukef\/ a&Tavmif;NrdKY[kvnf; ac:Muonf/( oxHk&mZ0if? pm.80-81)xdkNrdKY\ae&monf usKdufwJbk&m;BuD;taemufajrmufcyf,Gef;,Gef;? wm (700)? (112rdkifcefh) tuGm
oJjzLacsmif;\ taemufbufurf;? awmify lpmac:ukef ;jrif hjrifhapmif;&S daomae&mjzpfonf [kqdk\/,ckxdkae&mudkar;vQif ('kwd,oxHk&m)[k ajymMuonf[kvnf;qdkygonf/
xdk [&do&blrd-ok"r0wDNrdKU &mZmaZma0rif;onf (12) ESpfeef;pHcJhonf/ aqmifcJawmif(qHawmf)bk&m; (usKdufwJapwD)udkvnf; tBuD;tus,fxyfrH wnfavonf/ xdktcg rSp usKduf'J[kwGifonf[kqdk\/ (oxHk&mZ0if? pm .81)/ (yk*Husefppfom;rif;ausmufpmwGif ]usKdufwJ} [la&;onf/)
e0rok0Pblrd? wdkufukvm;NrdKYomoemou&mZf (208)? (336 bDpD) ckESpfodkYa&mufaomtcg &mZmaZma0rif;onf (a&Ttif;NrdKY?
a&Tavmif;NrdKY a&m*gtemxlajym qif;&Jom;ESifhwuG uRJ-EGm;paom ow0gwdkY? taotaysmufrsm;onf?yifv,furf;em;odkYa&TYajymif; NrdKYeef;wnf&jyefaomf oifhavQmfrnf? roifhavQmfrnf? rSL;rwfwdkYESifhwkdifyifjyef\/rSL;rwfaoemywdrsm;u NrdKYeef;a&Tajymif;&efoabmwlMu\/ xdkYaMumifh omoemou&mZf (208-215) ckESpftwGif; usKdufauom&bk&m;apwD\ taemufawmifaxmifh? awmifapmif;wpf0uf? ajrnDwpf0uf? t&yfa'oodkY ajymif;a&TY NrdKYjyxD;eef;wnfpdkufjyefav\/ NrdKYteHum; ta&SYaemuf wm 500 (udkuf 1750?rDwm 1000)? tvsm;um; awmifajrmufwmaygif; 750 (udkuf 2625? rDwm 2400) &Sd\/ NrdKY\trnfrSm
wdkufukvm;? 0if;u NrdKYa[mif;ae&m
7/16/2019 ( ) -
30/306
- 30 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
ab;avmif;awmfwd"roD[&mZmrif;BuD;tm; odMum;rif;zefqif;ay;aomNrdKYESifh ajr&mXme awmif
yifv,fjrpfacsmif;rSp tvHk;pHkvQiftvGefwlaomaMumifh ok0Pblrd/ &|/ ok"r0wD[k orkwfawmfrl\/xdkokdYorkwfcJhaomfvnf; wkdufukvm;NrdKYa[mif;e,ftwGif; usaomaMumifh wdkufukvm;[lvnf; ac:Muukef\/ (oxHk&mZ0if? pm .81-82)
xdkNrdKUESifh e,fcsif;pyfaeaom wdkufukvm;NrdKYa[mif;ae&mrSm 'dk;cvGef;awmif (auvmo awmif)\taemufajrmufbuf? awmifwef;awmifajc&if;wGif&Sdonf/ (,ck t,ufor&Gmae&mjzpf\/) xdkhNrdKYwnfxm;yHkrSm awmifbufrsufESmu awmifurf;yg;,Hausmufurf;yg;,HwdkYudk NrdKYdk;vkyf\/ ta&SYbuftaemufbufrsufESmwdkYwGifvnf; ausmufurf;yg;w0ufESifhvkyf tay:uausmufcJpDcJhonf/ ausmufcJwpf0ufudk NrdKYdk;vkyfonf/ ajrmufbufwpfrsufESmrSm ausmufESifhajra&maESmzdkhNrdKYdk;vkyf\/ wHcg;rSm ta&SY? taemuf? ajrmuf?awmifaygif; (1000)?(457 rDwm)? ta&SYESifhtaemufawmifaygif;(2000)? (915 rDwm)om&Sdonf/(41 .82)
wufwmcefY us,f0ef;rnf/ &mZmaZma0rif;wnfaom ok"r0wD? ok0Pblrdf wdkufukvm;NrdKYu (384[wfwm) t&G,ftpm;rQ&Sdonf/ xdkhaMumifh 4if;wdkufukvm;(0if;u)onf? t,uforwdkufukvm;xuft&G,ftpm;csif; EdIif;,SOfvQif &SpfqausmfrQydkBuD;onf/
7/16/2019 ( ) -
31/306
- 31 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
t&SifaomPrax&fESifh t&SifOw&rax&fwdkYok0Pblrdwdkif;odkY
7/16/2019 ( ) -
32/306
- 32 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
xdktcg rax&fwdkYonf wpfzefbDvl;rwdkY rvmpdrfhaomiSm y&dwft&Htwm;udkjyK\/ xdkumvpnf;a0;a&mufvmMuukefaomolwdkYtm; jA[Zmvokwfw&m;udk a[mawmfrlvufaomf ajcmufaxmifrQaom
olwdkYonf tuRwfw&m;&Mu t&d,mjzpfukef\/ oHk;axmifig;&maom a,musfm;wdkYonfvnf; &[ef;jyKMuukef\/ xdkodkY &[ef;jyKaomolwdkYwGif rif;om;csnf;yif wpfaxmifjynfhatmif&Sd\/
7/16/2019 ( ) -
33/306
- 33 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
tukefjyef&onf/ ,cifu pd&HapwD (a&Tpm&H) ae&ma[mif;rSmyif qHawmf (2) qludk Xmyem bdeyfawmftawmif(50)? OmPfawmftjrifhtawmif (70) apwDwnfonf/
oGm;awmf"gwf (33) acsmif;udk rnfolrqdkudk;uG,fvdkvQif vma&mufyifhMu[kaMujimonf/ xdktcg(11) qlaom oGm;awmfwdkYudk ta0;teD;NrdKU&Gmrsm;u yifhvmMu rdrdwdkYNrdKU&Gm apwDwnf vsufudk;uG,fMuonf/
7/16/2019 ( ) -
34/306
- 34 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
9/ om;? aomPkw&ukrm10/ om;? umv0P&mZm
11/ om;? r[momv&mZm12/ om;? &mru&mZm13/ om;? e&ol&mZm14/ om;? r[mbj'&mZm15/ om;? t&"&mZm16/ om;? od*Fkw&&mZm17/ om;? Okem*b0&mZm
rif;jyKav\/ oD&d"raomutp? Okem*b0tqHk;&Sdaom xdkwpfusdyfaomrif;wdkYonf rudk#fo&zl? av;?oefvsuf? ig;yg;aom rif;ajrmufwefqmudk&Mu\/
'r ok0Pblrd? ok"ryl&
wdkufukvm;e,f ok"r0wDoxHkjynfwGif Olem*b0&mZmrif;ewf&GmpH xdkrif;\ om;awmf-
18/ ,k*Eukronf xD;arGeef;arGudk&rMumrD ok"r0wDwkdufukvm;NrdKUonf yifv,fESifheD;uyfonfjzpfyifv,furf;NydKysufojzifh NrdKYwpfydkif;ygNydKysufav\/ wdkif;oljynfom;wdkYonf tdrf,mNyKdysufjcif;? v,f,majr? O,smOf? yef;ref? tm&mrf ponfNydKysufMu\/ qif;&JBuD;pGmawGYBuKHMu&avonf/ xdktcg ,k*Eukrmrif;onfjynfolqif;&Jom;wdkY 'kuawGY BuHKqJjzpf wdkif;jynfukd tkyfcsKyfrif;vkyfaomfvnf;? tbdodufudkrcHao;yJ?
rSL;awmfrwfawmfrsm;ESifhwkdifyifNyD; a&S;tcgu bdk;avmif;awmf Oya'0&mZmoHa0rif;BuD; wnfaxmifcJhaomok"ryl&NrdKUawmfa[mif;ae&modkYjyefajymif;a&TY NyD;vQif xD;eef;pdkufxleef;pHonf/ ok"r0wDwkdufukvm;NrdKYrSok"ryl& oxHkjynfodkY jyefajymif;vmaom omoemou&mZf (450) jynfhESpf (94 bDpD) jzpfonf/
wdkufukvm;ok"r0wD? oxHkjynf oD&d"raomurif;tp? Okem*b0rif;tqHk; rif;aygif;wpfusdyfNrdKYouf (24) ESpf&SdcJh\/ omoem (450) jynfhESpfwGif ok0Pblrd? ok"ryl&? Oya'0NrdKYodkYjyefajymif;cJhonf/
xdkrif;vufxuf ork'&murf;NydK uRef;i,fwdkYysufvQif xdkNydK&muRef;i,facsmif;wpfckrS a0blv?ywjrm;&wemudk& rif;tm;qufonf/ xdka0blvywjrm;udk&aomaMumifh aZmwdygvbGJYudkcJh,lonf/
,k*E&mZm? aZmwdygvrif;tedpjzpfNyD;aemuf19/ om;? okeE&mZm20/ om;? jA['|&mZm21/ om;? y&mZm22/ om;? t"du&mZm23/ om;? tya&m"d&mZm24/ om;? om"k&mZm25/ om;? "rygv&mZm
rif;jyKMuonf/ (oxHk&mZ0if? pm .91-93)
7/16/2019 ( ) -
35/306
- 35 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
"rygvrif;vufxuf toQifr[mAk'aCmorax&f
7/16/2019 ( ) -
36/306
- 36 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
(7) yg;jzifhNyD;aom r@dKyfBuD;aqmufvkyf yd#uwfawmfudk aumif;pGmxm;vsuf &[ef;&SifvlwdkYzwfMuonf/xdkYaemuf jynfoljynfom;wdkYonf yd#uwfawmfwdkYukd &ufvnfatmifylaZmfMuavukef\/
xdkYaemuf "rygvrif;BuD;uvnf; &wemr@yfae&m tkwf? ausmuf? t*Fawwdkhjzifh OrifBuD;wnf txufwGifapwDqifhvsuf xdktwGif; yd#uwfawmfrsm;udk xnfhoGif;NyD;aomf xdkOrifapwDawmfudkyd#uw,apwD[k orkwfonf/ jynfol? vl? &[ef;wdkYonf rnfolrqdk OrifwGif;&Sd yd#uwfawmfudkzwfemoifMum;ap[k trdefYxkwfjyefxm;onf/ uJhodkYyif xdkumvrSp oxHkjynf yd#uwfawmfjyefhyGm;av\/ y#dywd? y#da0"wnf;[laom omoemawmfvnf; xGef;um;jyefonf/
xdkyd#uwfxm;aom apwDudk ,ckumv yd#uwfbk&m;[k ac:Muonf/
t&Sifr[mAk'aCmorax&fazmifawmfqdkuf yd#uwfawmfudk NrdKYawmfodkY yifhaqmif&mqdyfurf;
aemifvmaemufom;wdkY trSwfw&jzpfapjcif;iSm? apwDwpfqlwnfxm;avonf/ xdkapwDudk ,ckumvazmifawmfOD;bk&m;[k ac:Muonf/
t&Sifr[mAk'aCmorax&fonf a&S;tcgu ok0P&mZm r[m"rZrif;BuD;\aumif;rIawmft&[Em&mrausmif;wkdufBuD;udk xyfrHjyKjyifap xdkausmif;wkduf oDwif;oHk;aexdkifawmfrlvsuf&Sdaomt&SifaomPkw&rax&fwdkY\ tquftEG,foHCmawmfwkdYESifh twlwuG oDwif;oHk;aexdkifawmfrlonf/y&d,wdpmayrsm;udkvnf; ydkYcsay;awmfrlonf/
xdkausmif;wkduf\taemufajrmuf wm 1000 (udkuf 1050 cefY) tuGm? om&uvsmPDqHawmfapwD\ ta&SYajrmufaxmifh odrfBuD;wpfodrfvnf; orkwfawmfrlygonf/ xdkodrfudk t&SifAk'aCmo
oxHkNrdKY? a&Tpm&HapwDawmf0if;twGif;&Sdyd#duwdkufapwDawmf
7/16/2019 ( ) -
37/306
- 37 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
odrf[ktrnfwGifavonf/(,ck oxHkay:awmfrl&Gm? ay:awmfrlbk&m;wHwdkif;twGif; ta&SYajrmufaxmifh&Sd\)/
oxHkNrdKYwGif t&Sifr[mAk'aCmowdkYoDwif;oHk;aexdkifaom t&[Em&mrausmif;wdkufBuD;udk ,cktcg &[Emwdkuf[k ac:Muonf/
t&Sifr[mAk'aCmoonf y&d,wd? y#dywd? y#da0"wnf;[laom omoemawmfoHk;&yfudkxGef;vif;awmufyapvsuf? toufawmf\tqHk; oxHkjynf y&dedAmefjyKawmfrl\/ xdktcg t&SifAk'aCmotavmif;awmfudk om&uvsmPD (ay:awmfrl) apwD\ taemufawmifaxmifht&yf rif;ESifhwuG jynfolwdkY
onf aumif;pGmoN*F dKvfMu\/ om&uvsmPDapwDawmf\ taemufaxmifhbufvnf; t&SifAk'aCmo\udk,fawmfpm;? kyfyGm;awmfBuD;jyKvkyfukef udk;uG,fMuonf/ ,ckwdkif xif&Sm;awGY jrifMu&\/ xdkt&Sifjrwf\"gwfawmfrsm;udkvnf; a&S;&[EmBuD;wkdY\ "gwkapwDawmfrsm;\teD; apwDwpfqlxyfrH wnfxm;Muonf/
"rygvrif;rSp rEk[mrif;txd oxHkjynfrif;qufrsm;
xdk"rygvrif;onf w&m;awmfESifhrnD rif;jyKawmfrlNyD;vQif omoemawmfudk csD;ajrmufvsuf touftwkdif;ae ewf&GmpHonf/ "rygvrif;r&Sdonfhaemuf?
26/ om;? ok'e&mZm 35/ om;? e&ol& ZrL'dA&mZm27/ om;? 'dA&mZm 36/ om;? oDv&mZm28/ om;? to*&mZm 37/ om;? Agvdu&mZm
29/ om;? bkr&mZm 38/ om;? ZrKw&&mZm30/ om;? AE&mZm 39/ om;? a'0&mZm31/ om;? r[d Ho&mZm 40/ om;? oD0d&mZm32/ om;? "rpu&mZm 41/ om;? r[mpu0&mZm33/ om;? olZrwd&mZm 42/ om;? auo&mZm34/ om;? AE&mZm
rif;jyKonf/ xdkrif;onf rif;jzpfrMumrDS? yifv,f0odkYxGufaomacsmif;jrpf0,f a&obifusif;y aysmfyg;&mwGifab;avmif;awmf aZmwdygvrif; (trSwf-18) vufxufawmfrS&xm;cJhaom a0blvywjrm;&Sifonf a&odkYusaysmufqHk;av\/
xdka0blvywjrm;udk awm0ufBuD;wpfaumifjrif tpmtrSwfjzifhudkufonfhtcg rudkufEdkif iHkonfESifhork'&ma&jyifay:vSrf; oGm;EdkifaMumif;od&\/ xdkywjrm;udk0ufBuD;xHrS rkqdk;wpfa,muf& Bwd[ukrNrdKY(oHvsif) rif;xHqufonf/
xdkokdY ywjrm;&wema&odkYus aysmufqHk;aomok"r0wD? oxHkrif;auo&mZmonf vGefpGmpdk;&drfylyefjcif;jzpf rpm;Edkif? rtdyfEdkif&Sdaejcif;aMumifh jynfolwdkYu xdkrif;udkr[maomurif;[k orkwfMuonf/
auo&mZm-r[maomu rif;BuD;vufxufwGif? rif;BuD;\ol&JBuD;Z,"&ESifh &ra'0ESpfa,mufwdkh&SdMu\/ xkdol&JBuD;wdkYonf jcaoFhwpfaumifudkawmrSm& zrf;,lcJhNyD;vQif rif;tm;quf\/ ykPESifhZeu
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OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
trnf&Sdaom rkqdk;ESpfa,mufvnf;&SdMu\/ zm;BuD;wpfaumifudkawmrSm& rif;xHqufoMu\/ rkqdk;wpfa,mufuvnf; c&rf;uapmhyifBuD;udk &av,lcJhonf/ odkYaom tjcif;t&mrsm;udk raemrkE&D
trnf&Sdaom rkqdk;\q&monfMum;od jynfh&Sifrif;xHyefMum;NyD; c&rf;uapmhyifudk pnfvkyfonf/ zm;\om;a&udk pnfrsufESmusufonf/ jcaoFhom;a&udk BudK;jyKpnfBuD;udkcwfonf/ jcaoFh\vufHk;dk;udk pnfvufcwfjyKonf/ odkYpDrHNyD;vQif rif;BuD;tm;qufavonf/
pnfudk wD;cwfaomtcg toHMum;olxD;jzLaqmif;rif;wdkYonf raeEdkif orD;unm? &wema&TaiGay;qufvmMu&onf/ xdktcg rif;onfaysmufqHk;aom ywjrm;&wemaMumifh pdk;&drfjcif;uif;av wpfzef&J&ifhjcif;owd&SdvmaomaMumifh r[maomu[laom trnfaysmuf auo&mZmbGJYtrnfa[mif;wGifjyefonf/auo&mZmrif;tedpa&mufvQif
43/ om;? red&mZm 50/ om;? Ow r&mZm
44/ om;? wu&mZm 51/ om;? oD&d"r&mZm45/ om;? uko&mZm 52/ om;? r[mpdw&mZm46/ om;? Ze'dA&mZm 53/ om;? 0E&mZm47/ om;? okvk&mZm 54/ om;? Z,okre&mZm48/ om;? pdw&mZm 55/ om;? 0'u&mZm49/ om;? 'DC&mZm 56/ om;? tZdP&mZm
rif;jyK\/ xdkrif;vufxufwGif ol&JBuD;? ykwfBuD;? ykwfi,fESpfa,muf&Sdonf/ (rGef&mZ0ifwGif ol&JBuD;?y&wfBuD;? y&wfi,f[l azmfjyonf/ if; pm 11) jAwf0d? jAw[kac:aom ol&JBuD;rsm;yifjzpfMu\/(oxHk&mZ0if? pm .96-100)
xdkrif;tedpjzpfvQif
57/ om;? O'dE&mZm rif;jyK\/ rif; 48 quf (wkdufukvm;e,f? ok"r0wDrif;qufrsm;ryg) wGifok"r0wDNrdKUpnfyifom,monf/ omoemawmfxGef;awmufy a&Tausmif;? a&TZ&yf ? a&Tjy'fapwD?kyfwkqif;wkawmfrsm;? y#dywdESifhjynfhpHkaom &[ef;ynm&Sd? ykPm;? aA'ifwwf vlynm&SdoljrwfwdkYESifhjynhfpHkjyefhyGm;jcif;ESifhwuG wm0wd HomuJhodkY Nidrf;csrf;om,m0ajympGm&Sdavonf/ (rGef&mZ0if? pm .11)
O'dE&mZmrif;tedpa&mufvQif-
58/ om;? rEk[mrif;onf touf 18 ESpf&Sd rif;jyKonf/
xdkrif;vufxufwGif q'gefqifrsKd;csnf;ESifESifjzpfaom qifjzLawmfoHk;q,fhESpfpD; &awmfrlonf/xdkrif;onf ]oD&dBwdb0em"dwsmy0& "r&mZm} [laom bGJYtrnfudkcH bdodufcHvsufrif;jyK\/ bdk;awmftZdPrif;ESihf crnf;awmfO'dErif;wdkYcsD;ajrmufolaumif;jyKcJhaom ol&JBuD; ukvm;nDaemif jAuf0d? jAwwdkYkudkvnf;txufuenf;wl NrdKYpm;? &Gmpm;ay; csD;yifhapvsuf trIxrf;aponf/ ab;avmif;awmf auo&mZmrif;BuD;vufxufu&aom &eftaygif;udkatmifEdkifaom zm;pnfawmfBuD;udkvnf;&awmfrlonf/
7/16/2019 ( ) -
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OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
oxHkysuf&onfU taMumif;t&if;
xdktcg ytm0eNrdKY rif;BuD;xHorD;unmvufaqmifyEmquf o&efawmif;onf/ ytm0erif;vnf;orD;awmfudkrvTJomay;&awmhrnfh tcsdefwGiforD;udkac: rEk[mrif;onf ukvm;nDaemifvlpGrf;aumif;jAwf0d? jAwESpfa,mufESifh zm;pnfBuD;? qifjzLawmf (32) pD;wdkY\ wefckd;aMumifh bkef;wefcdk;tmabmfBuD;rckcH? raeomvSyJ? orD;awmfudkquf&awmhrnf/ xdkrEk[mrif; tcspftcifBuD;vQif zm;pnfBuD;ESifh ol&JBuD;jAwf0d?jAwwdkhaysmufysuf zsufqD;&atmifvHkhvjyKyg/ odkYaysmufysufvQif trsKd;wumudk Nidrf;atmifjyKonfvnf;rnfonf/ ig\orD;onfvnf; rdbxHwpfzefjyef a&muf&awmhrnf[k rSmvdkuf orD;udkay;qufvdkuf\/
ytm0erif;orD;vnf; ok0Pblrdjynf rEk[mrif;xHa&mufvQif rdzk&m;jzpf rEk[mrif;u cspfcif?
arwmBuD;aMumif;udk ytm0erdzk&m;odavvQif rdef;rwdkY\rm,mtm;jzifh crnf;awmfrSmvdkufonfh pum;twdkif;tm;xkwfBuHpnfBudK;pm;av\/
ytm0eNrdKYonf ,cktcg 'kef&if;[kac:aomt&yfteD;&Sdaom NrdKYa[mif;? NrdKYysufyifjzpfonf/ AEm*D&d(ZJGuyif)awmif\teD;&Sdaom awmBuD;udk a&S;u ytm0e-ytm0kPfawmBuD; [kac:onf/ xdkawmwnfaxmifaom NrdKYudkvnf; ytm0eNrdKY[lyifac:onf/ ytm0eNrdKY&ma[mif;udk 'kef&if;[kac:MuNyD;aemufxdkytm0e[laomtrnfa[mif;onf rlvNrdKY&ma[mif;\ taemufajrmufteD;&Sd zm;tH(bm;tH) [kac:aomt&yfodkYa&mufonf/ xdkbm;tHtrnfonf ytm0eNrdKYtrnfa[mif;jzpfonf/ (OD;ynm? pm .106)
ol&JBuD;nDaemifwdkYonfvnf; rif;oHk;qufajrmufatmif olrwlaompGrf;&nfowdESifh jynfhpHk
rmefrmeaxmifvTm;vsuf&SdMu\/ Aswf0donf oxHkNrdKY0ef\ orD;rtdkpmudk r,m;jyKonf/ rtdkpmu MunfjzLojzifh tjypfrjzpfay/ nDi,fAswu 0if;awmfrSL;orD;rapmeef;udk,lonf/ xdkrapmeef;um;Aswudk rESpfoufojzifU eef;awmfwGif;odkh0if; ytm0erdzk&m;BuD;xH cHpm;NyD;vQif Aswtm; raumif;BuHawmhonf/
ytm0erdzk&m;BuD;vnf; rif;BuD;urdrdtm; cspfMunfav;jrwfonfudk tcGifhaumif;,l ukvm;nDaemifwdkYonf rif;BuD;udkvnf;ta&;rjyK? eef;awmfxJ0if rdzk&m;armif;rwdkYudk usL;vGefapmfum;aMumif;? r,HkvQifNrdKY0efESifh 0if;awmfrSL;ygppfar;awmfrlyg[k avQmuf\/ xdkokdYtBudrfBudrf*kef;acsmpum;jzifh ajymqdkzefrsm;vQifrSL;awmfrwfawmfwdkYukd ar;jref;&mtrIxif&Sm;ojzifh rdzk&m;pum;atmifavonf/
oxHkrif;rEk[mvnf; ukvm;nDaemifudkzrf;ap\/ tpfudkudkrdvQifowfav\/ nDi,frlum; oxHkjynfrS
xGufajy; yk*g&mr (yk*H) odkYa&mufvQif taemf&xmrif;apmxH cpm;\/rEk[mrif;vnf; jAwf0dtavmif;udk ya&m*pD&if jrKyfav\/ xdkaeYrSp oxHkNrdKYudk &eftaygif;wdkY
rvIyfacsmufjcm;EdkifyJjzpf\/
ytm0erdzk&m;onf zm;pnfBuD;udkzsufqD;&ef tBuHjyKjyef\/ ,HkMunf&oludk wHpdk;vufaqmifay;apcdkif;onf/ xdkolonf reD;ra0;t&yfwnf;cdkNyD; vl,HkMunfatmif ynm&Sdta,mifaqmif a[majymvsufaeonf/ ausmfapmxif&Sm; vlwdkYqnf;uyfudk;uG,fonfhtcg rif;BuD;xHa&mufvmonf/ rEk[mrif;BuD;vnf;xdkoludk,HkMunfvmonf/ xdktcg zm;pnfBuD;a[mif;EGrf;vSaomaMumifh wefckd;tmPmaumif;pGm r&Sdjzpfaeygonf/ tu,f zm;pnfBuD;udkzsufNyD; EGm;eufa&jzifhjyif usuf&vQif a&S;uxuf wHcdk;BuD;rnf[k
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OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
avQmuf\/ xdkolawmfa&mif vlpOf;vJ\pum;udk vkdufem bdk;avmif;awmfwdkh\vufxufrS zm;&nfpnfBuD;udkzsuf EGm;eufa&udkxnfhaponf/ xdkzm;a&udk zsufonfrSp rEk[mrif;BuD;wefcdk;tmPm,kwfavsmhav\/
olawmfa,mif ipOf;vJvnf;xGuf ajy;wdrf;a&Smifav\/ok"r0wDjynfh&Sifrif; bkef;tmPmedrfhvsuf aus;vuf&Gmjynf rk'def;xlxyf tiwftrGwfBuD;onf/
t&d,moHCmawmfwdkYvnf; vGifhjym;av\/
wpfyg;aom omraPrSm t&dr'emyl& yk*HNrdKY\e,fy,fodkYa&mufojzifh rkqdk;wpfa,mufuawGYavxdkomraPtm; tEkk'a'0rif;odkY qufonf/ xdkrif;onf &wemoHk;yg; txl;ESpfoufygaomfvnf;y&d,wdooemawmftrSefudk rMum;em&ao; tvZD&[ef;wdkYESifhom ae&avonf/ oxHkjynfonf
omoemwnf yd#uwfwwfajrmufaom &[ef;awmftrsm;&SdaMumif; omraPxHrSMum;od&vQif omoemawmfudk taMumif;jyK ppfonfAkdvfygrsm;ESifh ok"r0wDodkYcsDwufNyD; wpfq,fhwpfvvkyfBuHvQif oxHkjynfysufav\/
(oxHk&m Z0if? pm .108-110)
rGef&mZ0if
oxHkNrdKYysuf&aMumif;udk rGef&mZ0ifwGif atmufygtwkdif;azmfjyxm;onfudk awGY&\/
oxHkNrdKYonf omoemawmfwnf "E"l&? 0dyem"l&udk usifhaom&[ef;rsm;&SdaMumif;? &wemoHk;yg;? pG,fawmf"gwfawmfrsm;&SdaMumif;? yd#uwfawmfrsm;&SdaMumif;? omoemawmfwnfrnfudkvnf; taMumif;jyK ppfav;rsufESmAdkvfygtrsm;ESifh odE0 jrif;udkpD; ok"r0wDNrdKYukda&muf &JrufwdkYonf wq,fhwpfv0ef;&HaerS NrdKYysufavonf/ tEkk'ga'0rif;vnf; rEk[mrif;udk oHusKdifvkyf csnfaESmif? avSmiftdrf
ESifh,lcJhonf/ trwfrsm;udkvnf; NrJNrHatmif? qdkifoihfooludktyf ,lcJhonf/ *E'l&? 0dyem'l&udkusifhaqmifaom &[ef;? oDv0k'd? *kP0k'd&Sdaom &[ef;? yd#uwfwwfaom&[ef; jrwf&maqmif&GufaA'ifav;yHkwwfaomykPm;? AdaEmybkwf usrf;*Hwwfaom aq;orm;ynm&Sd? rEmefwwfaomol? tvkyfwwfaomynmonftaygif; olaX;ol
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41/306
- 41 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
/ 25/ xkdokdYtm;enf;aomaMumifh xkd&mrnwkdif;aeukefaom &[ef;wkdUtm; csrf;omojzifh y&d,wfudkvnf;aumif;? y#dywfudkvnf;aumif; jznfhpGrf;jcif;iSm rwwfEkdifaomaMumifh omoemonf
wjznf;jznf;tm;enf;vm\/ txl;ojzifh tm;enf;onfrSm ol&d,rif;om;[l i,frnf&SdaomrEk[mrif;jyKaomtcg xkd&mrnwkdif;t&yfonf vGefyiftm;enf;vm\/
/ 26/ xkdtcgjrwfpGmbk&m;y&dedAmefpHvGefonfrS (1600) ...om&SdNyD[l rSwftyf\/
omoemou&mZf (1601) ckESpfjrefrmou&mZf (419) ckESpfa&mufaomtcg t&dr'emrnfaomyk*Hjynfudktpkd;&aom
/ 27/ taemf&xmrif;apmonf yd# duwfoH k;yH kE Si fhwuG &[ef;oHCmtaygif;udk &mrnwkdif;r Saqmif,lcJh t&dr'em yk*HjynfBuD;omoemawmfjrwfudkwnfapcJhonf . . .
[ltusOf;Hk;azmfjyxm;onf/ (jrifhoef;aiG? pm? 82) (oxHkudk taemf&xmwkdufaMumif; tus,fudk rSefeef;&mZ0ifwGifMunhfyg/ )
taemf&xmESifhppfjyKaom oxHkonf,ck (atmufjrefrmEkdifiH) oxHkr[kwf? xkdif;(,kd;',m;) EkdifiH?euGefyxkrfjzpfrnf[laom t,ltqESifhywfouf OD;ynmjyKpkaom oxHk&mZ0ifrS atmufazmfjyygtaMumif;t&mwkdYudk qufvufzwfIyg/
yk*Hjynf (tEkk'a'0) taemf&xmrif;apmESifh oxHkjynf(raem[&D)rEk[mrif;wkdY ppfBuD;jzpfMupOf
taemf&xmrif;apmonf twkdif;rod ppfonfol&JwkdhjzifhwyfBuD;csDvm\/ xkdtaMumif;udk rEk[mrif;Mum;vQif ok"r0wDNrdKYawmf usHK;(3)xyf&Sdonfudk xyfrHjyKjyif\/
ajrmufrsufESmrSm NrdKYta&SYajrmuf (v0) NrdKYa[mif;&mESifh wpfqufwnf;jzpfaom awmifnGefhawmifwef;rSquf taemufpl;pl;okdYyifv,furf;ajcta&muf usKH;ajrmif;ESifh NrdKYdk;BuD;jyKvkyf\/ xkdcHwyfNrdKUdk;ESifhrlv&Sd&if; NrdKYdk;wkdYtMum;tMum;vnf; qifcvkwf? jrif;cvkwf jzpfapjcif;iSm? NrdKYdk;usKH;ajrmif; (2) xyfpDvkyfap\/ xkdYaMumifUoxHkNrdKYrSm y|ruNrdKYdk; (3)xyf? usKH;oHk;xyf&Sdaomfvnf;? ,cktcg ajrmufrsufESmu NrdKYdk;(6) xyf? usKH; (6) xyf&Sdavonf/
okdhNrdKYawmfudk ckdifvHkatmifjyKvkyfNyD;vQif ypfpif? &ifwm;? vufeufvlolpDrHNyD;vQif tjyif bufcHwyfrsm;udkvnf;vuf0J? vuf,m (4) wyfpDwnfvkyfaponf/ cHwyfwkdY\trnfrsm;um;
1/ aumhcwyfwGwf (uwkdufuav;)
2/ aumhcwyfEGwf (uwkdufBuD;)3/ r&doblrdNrdKYa[mif;&m (rdkufozHk;) (r&rf;ukef;)4/ aumhumvmaomu (qifjzLuRef;)
vuf0JrS (4) wyfpDrH rsdK;dk;&dum? vufeufvloltjynfhtpHkoGif; ckcHaponf/ vuf,mbufvnf;
1/ usdKufaumfbk&m;a&SY uzawmif\ta&SYajrmufwGif 0uFygcHwyf (,ck0if;y&Gm)2/ uzawmif\taemufawmifaxmifh AkdvfckdifcHwyf/ aemufxkdae&m bk&m;wnf usdKufAkdvf
ckdifbk&m;ac:onf/
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- 42 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
3/ a';wGwf (ac:) ukef;uav;cHwyf? ,ckom,mukef;[kac:onf/4/ ETwfukvm;cHwyf/ ,ckaemifukvm;&GmcHwyfrsm;jzifhckcHaponf/
taemf&xmrif;\ yk*HjynfrS a&aMumif;ESifh Munf;aMumif;csDwufppfonfrsm;? OyJcl;NrdK Y aygif;qHk ppfawmif;jrpfudkul;NyD;vQif oxHkNrdKYaus;pyf a&S;tom;rif;ae&m uom(usdKufuom)rnfaomt&yf wyfwnfvsufpcef;csonf/ ppfonfol&JwkdYudk oHk;aMumif;oHk;oG,fcGJcsDwufap\/
Munf;wyfrSm usefppfom;AkdvfrSL;jyK taemufbufaMumif;csD&\/ iaxGl;udkAdkvfrSL;jyK ta&SYbufaMumif;csDwufvkyfBuHap\/ yifv,fa&aMumif;rS anmifOD;bD;ESifh ivHk;vufz,fwkdYudk yifv,frSapvTwf
ok"r0wDNrdKYudkawmifuwkdufckdufap\/
taemf&xmrif;onf ajrmufrsufESmuomvQif tBuD;tus,fcHwyfjyK ckcHaponf/ yifv,fc&D;rScsDwufvmaom a&aMumif;wyfonfoxHkNrdKYudk taemufrSauGYywfvsuf &if;Nidrfqdyfuwufavonf/
xkd&if;NidrfqdyfrS wufwyfawmfudk (2) pkcGJjyefonf/ ivHk;vufz,ftkyfcsKyfaomwyfonf ta&SYokdY,Gef; awmifajc(Zif;usKduf)okdYuyfvsufwkdufckdufodrf;,lNyD; oxHkNrdKY\ta&SYawmif (aumh) rnfaomt&yfwGif wyfpGJvsuf0ef;&Honf/ anmifOD;zD;tkyfcsKyfaomwyfonf&if;NidrfrS ajrmufokdYawmifpOfwavsmuf wkdufckduf
odrf;,l&ef awmifwef;\tqHk; rkcp&eDjrpf (,ckqm;acsmif;) urf; wyfwnfoxHkNrdKYudk0ef;&Hav\/
xkdokdYa&aMumif;? Munf;aMumif;ppfBuD;csDvmaomtcg rEk[mrif;\vuf0J? vuf,mcHwyfwkdYonfwpfwyfNyD;wpfwyf qkwfcGgvsufaemufqHk;NrdKYwGif;uom pkckcHMu&awmhonf/
taemf&xm\ukef;aMumif;ppfonf wkdYvnf; tpOftwkdif;atmifjrif taemufaMumif; ppfonfwkdYonf
rEk[mrif;\qifjzLawmf 32 pD;xm; &mumvaomuac: (qifjzLuRef; cHwyf)u wyfpGJoxHkudk 0ef;&Honf/ta&SYbuf Munf;aMumif;wyfuvnf; oxHkNrdKY\ta&SYajrmuf usdKufauom& taemufawmifajc&if; wyfpGJoxHk NrdKYudk0ef;&Honf/
taemf&xmrif;apmvnf; uomwyfawmfpcef;rScsDawmfrlrl;oD(rkoif) wyfpcef;csonf/ xkdrScsDjyefaomfusKdufaumfbk&m;\ ajrmufbufwGifpcef;csonf/ xkdpcef;rSae pnf;pdrfrysuf? toufrao? aevkdvQif "gwf
awmf? arGawmf? yd#uwfawmfrsm;ESifhxD;eef;udktyf&rnf[k rEk[mrif;xHapvTwfawmif;ap\/ rEk[mrif;vnf;NrdKYudkvHkNcHKpGmydwf wdwfqdwfpGmae\/pum;rjyefacs/ taemf&xmrif;vnf;a&SYokdYqufvufcsDcJhjyef ok"r0wD
oxHkNrdKY\ ajrmufbufukef;jyifwpfckwyfpGJ oxHkNrdKYudkvkyfBuHawmfrl\/
oxHkajreDukef;(Z,blrd)ay:awmfjyefapwD
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- 43 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
xdktcg oxHk\ta&SYawmifrS aumhwyf? taemufawmifrS rkcp&eD wyf? taemufajrmufrS umvmaomuwyf? ta&SYajrmufrS usdKufauom &wyf? ajrmufwnfhwnfhrS bk&ifrif;\ wyfawmfudk oxHkNrdKYudk(5)wyf
vHk;0kdif; wkdufckdufaomaMumifh atmifjrif Ekdifeif;av\/ xkdokdYajrmufbuf wyfawmfpcef;cs&mae&mudkZ,blrd[korkwfcJhonf/ ,ckajreDukef;[k ac:onf/ taemf&xmrif;onf Z, blrdwyfawmf\a&SYwyfOD; oxHkudkatmifjyefawmfrlonfhtxdef;trSwf apwDwpfqlwnfxm;onf/ ,ck ay:awmfjyef[kac:aom apwDjzpf\/
taemf&xmrif;apmvnf; oxHkjynfudkatmifawmfrl? rif;rdzk&m;ESifhwuG? yd#duwfawmf? "gwfawmf?arGawmf? kyfwkawmf? qifjzLawmfrSp ,loifh&m&modrf;,lawmfrlNyD;vQif t&d,moHCmawmf(1000)udkvnf;yifhaqmifawmfrl wyfawmftpOftwkdif;EIwfNyD;vQif yk*Hjynfokdhjyefonf/
xkdtcg ok0Pblrdwkdif;? ok"r0wD? oxHkNrdKYe,fqHk;uom (usdKufuom) wyfawmfpcef;okdYa&mufaomtcg? oxHkjynfrSyifhcJhaom oHCmawmf (1000) wkdYonf? igwkdhyk*HjynfokdYvkdufygoGm;vQif? oxHkjynf
bk&m;ocif\ vufxufawmfrSp wnfxGef;cJhaom omoemawmfBuD; oHk;&yfonf arS;rSdefuG,fy&pfawmhrnf[k owdoHa0*jzpfawmfrlukefMu? wyfawmfpcef;ESifh reD;ra0;awmBuD;okdY0if psmeformywfjzifh aeawmfrlMuukef\/ xkdtcgtaemf&xmrif;u yifhaomfvnf;r&ojzifh ynm&SdrSL;rwfrsm;ESifh wkdifyifaomtcg ynm&SdwkdYu
omoemuG,faysmufrnfpdk; rvdkufvdkMuojzifU psmef0ifpm;aeaMumif; avQmufxm;Muav\/ yifh&rnfr[kwfaMumif; Oyg,fwrQifjzifU avQmufwifMuukef\/
rSL;rwfynm&SdwkdYavQmufonfhtwkdif; t&d,moHCmawmf (1000) wkdY\ae&mawmf bk&m;aygif;apwDaygif; (1000) wnfNyD;rS ]t&Sifbk&m;wkdhyk*Hjynfokdh
7/16/2019 ( ) -
44/306
- 44 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
t&SifwkdY\q&mjrwfpGmbk&m;\ O'dapwDawmf (1000) vnf;&Sd&pfygNyD/ aemufaemifudkvnf; omoemawmfruG,fyatmifapmifha&Smufygrnf}[k avQmufawmfrlMuukef\/
xkdtcgwnfaom apwDawmfaygif; (1000) udkrGefvlrsdK;wkdYu usdKufviD;[kac:Muonf/ ,cktcgawmNcHKwkdYtwGif; ysdKysufvsuf&SdaeMu? xkdbk&m;rsm;&Sd&m awmBuD;udkbk&m;wpfaxmifawm[k jrefrmbmomjzifh yifhac:Muukef\/ (if;bk&m;wpfaxmifawmESifh bk&m;wpfaxmif apwDi,frsm;udk usdKuom&Gm? bk&m;wpfaxmifukef; awGYEkdifygonf/) (oxHk&mZ0if? pm 113-19)
oxHkrif;qufrsm;udkazmfjyjcif;
ok0Pblrd? ok"r0wD? oxHkjynfonfum; bkd;awmfterif;NzdK
7/16/2019 ( ) -
45/306
- 45 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
ygVd*gxm rif; (57) quf&SdaMumif;udk qdkonf/ odkY&mwGif omoemjyKaomrif; (57)quf[kqdkaomaMumifh omoemudkzsufaom (tuFk&) rif;ESifhaygif;aomf rif; (58) qufESifh nDavonf/
,dk;',m;rIESifh oxHk&mZ0ifrl? rif;trnfrwluGJjym;rIrsm;&Sdygonf/ odkYaomf rif;wpfa,mufwnf;udkyif? ESpfrnf?oHk;rnfwGif&aMumif; a&SYwGifazmfjyNyD;jzpf emrnfomuGJjym;aomfvnf; rif;qufudktwlwlyif,lMuyg/(OD;ynm? pm .119-121)
rEk[mrif;yk*HodkYygoGm;NyD;aemuf oxHkrif;qufrsm;
oxHkNrdKYudk taemf&xmodrf;NyD;vQif rif;udkyg,laqmifoGm;NyD;aemuf
1/ ppfolBuD;vuf0Jol&rif;jyK 25 ESpf
2/ om; eEol& 12 ESpf3/ Muufzrif;jyK 11 ESpf4/ usm;rif;jyK 1 ESpf 2 v5/ usm;aoonfhae&m NrdKYwnf
As*blrdNrdKYac:wGif? 12 ESpfyk*Hrif;om; As*&mZmrif;jyK
6/ jcaoFhrif;jyK 1 ESpf7/ yk*Hrif;om; aZmwa'0rif;jyK 24 ESpf
aygif; 86 ESpf 2 v
xdkYaemuf rif;qufjywf oxHkqdkaom ok"ryl&NrdKUonf aysmufuG,f vGifjzpf&av\/ (OD;ynm? pm.122)
oxHk&mZ0ifygtaMumif;t&mwdkYonf acwfNydKifausmufpmvnf;r[kwf? ordkif;rSwfwrf;[kvnf;rqdkom/ '@m&DygtaMumif;t&mwdkYukd ordkif;enf;jzifh tcsdefumv? ae&ma'oESifh tjzpftysufrsm;udkxkwfEIwfNyD;qef;ppfwifjyygOD;rnf/
tcsdefumvtm;jzifh Ak'rwdkifrDacwf? Ak'acwfESifhAk'vGefacwftaMumif;wdkY yg0ifaeygonf/ok0PblrdoxHkjynfudk Ak'jrwfpGmryGifhrDumvyif pwifwnfaxmifonf[kqdk\/ tdEd,rS pGefYpm;vma&mufaom rif;om;wpfyg;ESifh aemufvkdufaemufygrsm;jzpfMuygonf/ vma&mufonfU &ufpGJudkrod&yg/
wpfzef odMum;? &aoh? 0dZm"dk&fwdkYzefqif;wnfaxmifay;cJhMuaom ok"r0wD? ok0Pblrd NrdKYawmfrsm;ay:aygufvmMu\/ yxrok"r0wD? 'kwd,ok"r0wDNrdKYrsm; jzpfMu\/ yxrok"r0wDonf ]ok'rme0}udk ]ok"r&mZm}tjzpf eef;wifay;aomNrdKYjzpfonf/ odMum;rif;u xdkNrdKYudk NrdKYdk;ckESpfxyf? usKH;ckESpfxyfjzefYzefqif;wnfaxmifay;onfqdk\/ xdktcsufrSm rSwfom;p&maumif;ovdk? pdwf0ifpm;zG,f vnf;aumif;\/taMumif;rl oxHka'owGif NrdKYdk;txyfrsm;rsm;ESifh wnfxm;aomNrdKYa[mif;&mrsm;udk aumif; uif"gwfyHkay:rS&SmazGawGY&Sdxm;jcif;aMumifhyifjzpf\/ Oyrm usKduomNrdKUa[mif;qdkvQif NrdKYdk;txyf (7) xyf xufrenf;&Sdonf/ZkwfokwfNrdKYa[mif;rSmvnf; xdkenf;twkdif;yif NrKdYdk;txyfrsm;ygonf/ NrdKYa[mif;ESpfNrdKYrSm t&G,ftpm;vnf;rao;i,fvSay/ NrdKYwnf&mtaetxm;uvnf;aumif;onf/ usKduomrSm ppfawmif;jrpf0 &Sd?
7/16/2019 ( ) -
46/306
- 46 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
ZkwfokwfrSm bD;vif;jrpf0wGif&Sdonf/ a&S;a[mif;taqmufttHkt
7/16/2019 ( ) -
47/306
- 47 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
xkdhxufxif&Sm;aomoufaorSm oxHkNrdKYa[mif;u NrdKYdk;a[mif;rsm;yifjzpfonf/ c&pfawmfray:rDutESpf (500) cefY (bDpD 582) u wnfcJhaomNrdKYdk;a[mif;rsm; oxHkwGiftrSef wu,f&Sdyguvm;[k
pHepfwus pl;prf;avhvmazmfxkwfoihfygao;onf/yOrok"r0wD(Oya'0NrdKY)onf ajrrsdKoGm;aom NrdKY&ma[mif;\awmifbuf uyfvsuf NrdKYdk;oHk;xyf?
usHK;oHk;xyf ( ,ckoxHkNrdKYa[mif;ae&m) wnfxm;onf[k qdk\/
q|rok"r0wDNrdKYa[mif;ae&monf ,ckrkwrNrdKYteD;twGif&Sd\/ rlvok"r0wDrScGJxGufNyD; "n0wDtrnfjzifhxGef;um;aecJhonf/ rif;aygif; (12) qufwnfwefYaecJhonfqkd\/ yJcll;? [Hom0wDudk vufrGeftpxlaxmifaom orv? 0drvrif;om;wkdYarG;&yfZmwdvnf;jzpfonf/ oxHk ESifh yJcl;acwfNydKifxGef;um;cJhyHkudkvnf;azmfjyvsuf&Sd\/ qufvufaemufxyf okawoejyKoifhaom NrdKYa[mif;wpfae&m[kqdk&rnf/
owrok"r0wD (rdkufozHk;)? t|rok"r0wD (a&Tavmif;NrdKY )? e0rok"r0wD wdkufukvm;(0if;u)
NrdKUa[mif;&mwdkYonf rlvok"r0wDrS ajrmufbufodkhcGJxGufoGm;cJhMu\/ rdkufozHk;ESifh a&Tavmif;rSmodyfrxif&Sm;vSay/ wnfwefYcsdefwdkawmif;vSonf/ odkYaomf ae&mxif&Sm;&Sdayonf/ rdkufozHk;NrdKYa[mif;rS r&rf;ukef;?uwdkufBuD;? uwdkufuav;wdkYonf jrefrmEdkifiHwGif xl;jcm;aomNrdKYa[mif;ae&mrsm;jzpfMuygonf/ t&G,ftpm;ao;i,faomfvnf; NrdKYwnfyHkqef;jym;onf/ uwkdufBuD;ESifh uwdkufuav;wdkYonf ZkwfokwfESifhusKduomwdkYESifh wlvSpGmajcz0g; (yg') yHkrsKd;&SdMuonfrSmqef;onf/ NrdKYdk;txyfvnf;rsm;onf/ oxHkESifhacwfNydKifjzpfaMumif;NrdKYdk;tkwfcsyfrsm;u oufaojyvsuf&Sdygonf/
wdkufukvm; (0if;u) NrdKYa[mif;rSm ta&;tygqHk;jzpf\/ xdkNrdKYwGif oD&drmaomurif; tkyfpdk;aepOfrZdra'o? ygwvdykw&NrdKYrS omoemjyK&[ef;awmf t&SifaomPESifh Ow&wdkY\ tzGJYqdkufa&mufvmaMumif;
&mZ0ifu qdkxm;ayonf/ NrdKYwnf&ufpGJudkk omoem (208)ckESpf (bDpD 336) ? NrdKYysuf&ufpGJudk omoem(450)jynfUESpf (bDpD 94)? NrdKYoufaygif; (242)ESpf&SdcJhaMumif;azmfjyxm;onf/ NrdKYtaMumif;udkyJcl;uvsmPD
odrfausmufpm a&;xkd;xm;cJhjcif;jzpf ordkif;q&mrsm; trsKd;rsKd;a0zefoHk;oyfvsuf&Sdaom jyemvnf;jzpfonf/ jrefrmEdkifiHtapmqHk; a&S;a[mif;okawoe0efxrf;? ynm&Sifa'gufwmtD;azmfcrf;rm;u ta&;w,ljyK aAGaqmfOD;uGif; qif;ppfaq;cJhonfU NrdKYa[mif;wpfckvnf;jzpfygonf/ 1976 ckESpfrS 1978 ckESpftwGif;wl;azmfrI ukef;aygif; (6) ukef;tm; a&S;a[mif;okawoeenf;jzifh wl;azmfokawoejyKcJhonfU NrdKYa[mif;vnf;jzpfygonf/ xdkNrdKYonf ou&mZfESifh &Sifbk&ifwdkY\trnfrsm;rSm &mZ0ifxJwGifom xifusef&pfaeqJjzpfygonf/
'rok"ryl&? ok0PblrdNrdKYa[mif;BuD;um; ta&;BuD;qHk;NrdKY[kqdk&rnf/ tb,fhaMumifqkdaomfwnfaxmifaomckESpf? omoem(450)? (bDpD 94)rS ysufokef;aomESpf? omoem(1600)ckESpf (at'D 1057)txd NrdKYoufaygif; (1150) ESpfMumMum? wpfqufwpfpyfwnf;xGef;um;cJhjcif;aMumifhjzpf\/ jrefrmh a&S;NrdKYawmfa[mif;rsm;teuf oufwrf;t&SnfqHk;NrdKUrsm;xJwGif wpfNrdKYyg0ifayvdrfhrnf/ rif;aygif; (48) quf tkyfpdk;cJhonfqdk\/ NrdKYwnfae&mtwdtus&Sd\/ NrdKYdk;a[mif;usKH;a[mif; xif&Sm;usef&pf\/ eef;awmf&m ukef;a[mif;usefao;\/a&Tpm&HapwD? yd#uwfwdkuf? azmifawmfOD;bk&m;? odMum;bk&m;? uvsmPDodrfpaom acwfNydKifomoedutaqmufttHkt
7/16/2019 ( ) -
48/306
- 48 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
oxHkwGif rwifrusordkif;jyemrsm;pGm&Sd\/ taemf&xmppfwdkufwm 'DoxHkyJvm; qdkonfUtcsufudk OD;pGm&Sif;&rnf/ oxHk&mZ0ifxJwGifrl oxHkyifjzpfaMumif; twdtus nTefjyonf/ &mZ0ifudkyif
twnf,l&rnfvm;? a&S;a[mif;ESifhordkif;ynm&SifBuD;rsm; ,aeYwdkif EIwfydwfvsufyif&Sdao;\/ tcsKdYuvnf;rjrifoa,mifaqmifaeMuovm;yifroday/ oxHktrSefwu,fr&SdaMumif; wGifwGifajymaeMu\/ 1975-78 ckESpfwl;azmfa&;umv NrdKYdk;a[mif;? usKH;a[mif;? eef;awmf&ma[mif;? omoedutaqmufttHka[mif;xif&Sm;usef&Sdaeao;aom oxHkNrdKYa[mif;udk rwl;jzpfcJhay/ NrdKYxuf0uf urf;NydKaysmufqHk;aeNyD (&mZ0ift&)jzpfaom wkdufukvm;NrdKYa[mif;udkom yxrOD;pm;ay;aG;cs,fwl;cJh&\/ yJcl;uvsmPDodrfausmufpmyg Ak'
omoemjyK&[ef;awmfrsm; taomuacwf (tdEd,) u OD;pGma&mufcJhaMumif;udk ordkif;jyem tjzpfa&S;wef;wifcJhyifjzpfygrnf/ oxHkudkraG;cJhay/ NyD;aemuf 2000 jynfhESpfwGifwpfBudrf prf;oyfwl;azmfNyD;
onhfaemuf qufrvkyfyJ uGif;qufjywfaejyefygonf/ oxHkrif;wpfyg;trnfrSm ]rukw} vm; ]rEk[m}vm; udpudkvnf; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;rod&ao;ay/
a&S;a[mif;okawoeenf;usus qHk;jzwf&efta&;BuD;ygonf/ wl;azmfokawoeenf;jzifh omqHk;jzwftajz&SmEdkifayvdrfhrnf/ odkhr[kwfyguvnf; pHepfwusuGif;qif;okawoejyKoifhyg onf/
&mZ0ifxJu ok0PblrdtaMumif;rSm yHkjyifqefvGef;vSonfawmhr[kwfay/ txufwGif azmfjy&mZ0ifxJu ok0PblrdtaMumif;rSm yHkjyifqefvGef;vSonfawmhr[kwfay/ txufwGif azmfjy&mZ0ifxJu ok0PblrdtaMumif;rSm yHkjyifqefvGef;vSonfawmhr[kwfay/ txufwGif azmfjy&mZ0ifxJu ok0PblrdtaMumif;rSm yHkjyifqefvGef;vSonfawmhr[kwfay/ txufwGif azmfjy&mZ0ifxJu ok0PblrdtaMumif;rSm yHkjyifqefvGef;vSonfawmhr[kwfay/ txufwGif azmfjyxm;ouJhodkY wdwdusust"dyg,faumuf,lEdkifrnfU ordkif;0iftcsuftvufrsm; yg0ifaeaMumif;awGYEdkifonf/xm;ouJhodkY wdwdusust"dyg,faumuf,lEdkifrnfU ordkif;0iftcsuftvufrsm; yg0ifaeaMumif;awGYEdkifonf/xm;ouJhodkY wdwdusust"dyg,faumuf,lEdkifrnfU ordkif;0iftcsuftvufrsm; yg0ifaeaMumif;awGYEdkifonf/xm;ouJhodkY wdwdusust"dyg,faumuf,lEdkifrnfU ordkif;0iftcsuftvufrsm; yg0ifaeaMumif;awGYEdkifonf/xm;ouJhodkYwdwdusust"dyg,faumuf,lEdkifrnfU ordkif;0iftcsuftvufrsm; yg0ifaeaMumif;awGYEdkifonf/Oyrm ordkif;q&mBuD;rsm; rsufpdvnfaecJhaom oxHkb,f[mvJ? b,frSmvJqdkonfU tajzudkay;xm;onf/Oyrm ordkif;q&mBuD;rsm; rsufpdvnfaecJhaom oxHkb,f[mvJ? b,frSmvJqdkonfU tajzudkay;xm;onf/Oyrm ordkif;q&mBuD;rsm; rsufpdvnfaecJhaom oxHkb,f[mvJ? b,frSmvJqdkonfU tajzudkay;xm;onf/Oyrm ordkif;q&mBuD;rsm; rsufpdvnfaecJhaom oxHkb,f[mvJ? b,frSmvJqdkonfU tajzudkay;xm;onf/Oyrm ordkif;q&mBuD;rsm; rsufpdvnfaecJhaom oxHkb,f[mvJ? b,frSmvJqdkonfU tajzudkay;xm;onf/
oxHkonf ppfawmif;jrpfESifhoHvGifjrpfwkdYtMum;rSmyif tcsdefESifhtrQoxHkonf ppfawmif;jrpfESifhoHvGifjrpfwkdYtMum;rSmyif tcsdefESifhtrQoxHkonf ppfawmif;jrpfESifhoHvGifjrpfwkdYtMum;rSmyif tcsdefESifhtrQoxHkonf ppfawmif;jrpfESifhoHvGifjrpfwkdYtMum;rSmyif tcsdefESifhtrQoxHkonf ppfawmif;jrpfESifhoHvGifjrpfwkdYtMum;rSmyif tcsdefESifhtrQ ae&maygif; (9)ae&mcefhae&maygif; (9)ae&mcefhae&maygif; (9)ae&mcefhae&maygif; (9)ae&mcefhae&maygif; (9)ae&mcefh aGYvsm;aGYvsm;aGYvsm;aGYvsm;aGYvsm;wnfaxmifaecJhyHkudk jrifomatmifazmfjyxm;\/ ok0Pblrdonftjcm;r[kwf? ,ckoxHkyifjzpfaMumif;wnfaxmifaecJhyHkudk jrifomatmifazmfjyxm;\/ ok0Pblrdonftjcm;r[kwf? ,ckoxHkyifjzpfaMumif;wnfaxmifaecJhyHkudk jrifomatmifazmfjyxm;\/ ok0Pblrdonftjcm;r[kwf? ,ckoxHkyifjzpfaMumif;wnfaxmifaecJhyHkudk jrifomatmifazmfjyxm;\/ ok0Pblrdonftjcm;r[kwf? ,ckoxHkyifjzpfaMumif;wnfaxmifaecJhyHkudk jrifomatmifazmfjyxm;\/ ok0Pblrdonftjcm;r[kwf? ,ckoxHkyifjzpfaMumif;twdtusqkdxm;ayonf/ e,fajronftwdtusqkdxm;ayonf/ e,fajronftwdtusqkdxm;ayonf/ e,fajronftwdtusqkdxm;ayonf/ e,fajronftwdtusqkdxm;ayonf/ e,fajronf txl;us,fajymvSonfvnf;r[kwf vuf&SdoxHkcdkifwpfcktxl;us,fajymvSonfvnf;r[kwf vuf&SdoxHkcdkifwpfcktxl;us,fajymvSonfvnf;r[kwf vuf&SdoxHkcdkifwpfcktxl;us,fajymvSonfvnf;r[kwf vuf&SdoxHkcdkifwpfcktxl;us,fajymvSonfvnf;r[kwf vuf&SdoxHkcdkifwpfck
twGif;rQomjzpf\/ ordkif;0ifNrdKYa[mif;rsm; pkNyKHvsufwnfae&mvnf;jzpf\/ atmufjrefrmEdkifiH rkwryifv,ftwGif;rQomjzpf\/ ordkif;0ifNrdKYa[mif;rsm; pkNyKHvsufwnfae&mvnf;jzpf\/ atmufjrefrmEdkifiH rkwryifv,ftwGif;rQomjzpf\/ ordkif;0ifNrdKYa[mif;rsm; pkNyKHvsufwnfae&mvnf;jzpf\/ atmufjrefrmEdkifiH rkwryifv,ftwGif;rQomjzpf\/ ordkif;0ifNrdKYa[mif;rsm; pkNyKHvsufwnfae&mvnf;jzpf\/ atmufjrefrmEdkifiH rkwryifv,ftwGif;rQomjzpf\/ ordkif;0ifNrdKYa[mif;rsm; pkNyKHvsufwnfae&mvnf;jzpf\/ atmufjrefrmEdkifiH rkwryifv,fauGY0ef;usifa'oyifjzpf\/ ok0Pblrd[lonf jrefrmEdkifiHrSmyif&Sdonf/ taMumif;udk &mZ0if[kqdkaomauGY0ef;usifa'oyifjzpf\/ ok0Pblrd[lonf jrefrmEdkifiHrSmyif&Sdonf/ taMumif;udk &mZ0if[kqdkaomauGY0ef;usifa'oyifjzpf\/ ok0Pblrd[lonf jrefrmEdkifiHrSmyif&Sdonf/ taMumif;udk &mZ0if[kqdkaomauGY0ef;usifa'oyifjzpf\/ ok0Pblrd[lonf jrefrmEdkifiHrSmyif&Sdonf/ taMumif;udk &mZ0if[kqdkaomauGY0ef;usifa'oyifjzpf\/ ok0Pblrd[lonf jrefrmEdkifiHrSmyif&Sdonf/ taMumif;udk &mZ0if[kqdkaomOD;a&Taemf\ apwDawmfordkif;aygif;csKyfusrf;wGif atmufygtwdkif;awGYEdkifygonf/OD;a&Taemf\ apwDawmfordkif;aygif;csKyfusrf;wGif atmufygtwdkif;awGYEdkifygonf/OD;a&Taemf\ apwDawmfordkif;aygif;csKyfusrf;wGif atmufygtwdkif;awGYEdkifygonf/OD;a&Taemf\ apwDawmfordkif;aygif;csKyfusrf;wGif atmufygtwdkif;awGYEdkifygonf/OD;a&Taemf\ apwDawmfordkif;aygif;csKyfusrf;wGif atmufygtwdkif;awGYEdkifygonf/
bk&m;ocif&Spf0gajrmuf
7/16/2019 ( ) -
49/306
- 49 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
yXr ok0PblrdoxHkjynftouf bk&m;ocif(&)0gajrmuf? ou&mZf 110? wd"roD[yXr ok0PblrdoxHkjynftouf bk&m;ocif(&)0gajrmuf? ou&mZf 110? wd"roD[yXr ok0PblrdoxHkjynftouf bk&m;ocif(&)0gajrmuf? ou&mZf 110? wd"roD[yXr ok0PblrdoxHkjynftouf bk&m;ocif(&)0gajrmuf? ou&mZf 110? wd"roD[yXr ok0PblrdoxHkjynftouf bk&m;ocif(&)0gajrmuf? ou&mZf 110? wd"roD[&mZmrif; eef;wufonfup y&dedAmef,lonfhwkdifatmif 38 ESpf? xkdhaemuf omoemESpf&mZmrif; eef;wufonfup y&dedAmef,lonfhwkdifatmif 38 ESpf? xkdhaemuf omoemESpf&mZmrif; eef;wufonfup y&dedAmef,lonfhwkdifatmif 38 ESpf? xkdhaemuf omoemESpf&mZmrif; eef;wufonfup y&dedAmef,lonfhwkdifatmif 38 ESpf? xkdhaemuf omoemESpf&mZmrif; eef;wufonfup y&dedAmef,lonfhwkdifatmif 38 ESpf? xkdhaemuf omoemESpf
1601 cktxd 1360 ESpf? 'kwd,ok"r0wDtouf 241ESpf? ESpf&yfaygif; ESpfjynfESpf&yfaygif;aomf1601 cktxd 1360 ESpf? 'kwd,ok"r0wDtouf 241ESpf? ESpf&yfaygif; ESpfjynfESpf&yfaygif;aomf1601 cktxd 1360 ESpf? 'kwd,ok"r0wDtouf 241ESpf? ESpf&yfaygif; ESpfjynfESpf&yfaygif;aomf1601 cktxd 1360 ESpf? 'kwd,ok"r0wDtouf 241ESpf? ESpf&yfaygif; ESpfjynfESpf&yfaygif;aomf1601 cktxd 1360 ESpf? 'kwd,ok"r0wDtouf 241ESpf? ESpf&yfaygif; ESpfjynfESpf&yfaygif;aomf1639ESpfjzpf\/1639ESpfjzpf\/1639ESpfjzpf\/1639ESpfjzpf\/1639ESpfjzpf\/aemf&xmapmwdkufaom oxHkonf ,ckoxHkjzpfaMumif;rSef\/aemf&xmapmwdkufaom oxHkonf ,ckoxHkjzpfaMumif;rSef\/aemf&xmapmwdkufaom oxHkonf ,ckoxHkjzpfaMumif;rSef\/aemf&xmapmwdkufaom oxHkonf ,ckoxHkjzpfaMumif;rSef\/aemf&xmapmwdkufaom oxHkonf ,ckoxHkjzpfaMumif;rSef\/(OD;a&Taemf? rGef&mZ0ifESifh apwDawmfordkif;aygif;csKyf? &efukef? [Hom0wDyd#uwfpmyHkESdyfwdkuf? 1931?pm 36-37)
tcef;wGif aumufEIwfwifjyxm;aom ok0Pblrd? ok"r0wDNrdKYa[mif; taMumif;t&mrsm;rsm;1927 ckESpfavmufusrS a&S;a[mif;rGefordkif;pmrsm;u xkwfEIwfvsufpkpnf;wifjyxm;aom OD;ynm\oxHk&mZ0ifESifh OD;a&Taemf\apwDawmfordkif;aygif;csKyf (1931) wdkYtmabmfjzpfaMumif; awGY&ygrnf/ oxHkwGif&SdonfhacwfNydKifrGefausmufpmtcsKdYwdkhrSm a&;xdk;onfhckESpfryg/ pmysufpmrSdefrsm; t"dyg,fqufpyfNyD; razmfEdkifao;onfU
rSwfwrf;rsm;jzpfMu\/ xdkhaMumifh a&S;rGefordkif;pm&orQESifh a&;om;wifjy&jcif;jzpfygonf/
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OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
] yk8HtvGef ok0Pblrd }
omoemou&mZf 1600ausmf (at'D-1057) rSp ok0PblrdoxHkjynfonf bkef;wefcdk;tmPmusqif;oGm;um ESpfaygif;(50)rQ tcsdefydkif;twGif;qdwfokOf;oGm;cJhygonf/ yk*Hacwf(11-13 &mpkESpf)wpfavsmufvHk;wGif xifay:jcif;r&Sdawmhay/ atmufjrefrmEdkifiHwGif oxHktpm; 'v(wGHaw;)? yJcl;(Om)
NrdKYrsm;qufvufxGef;um;vsuf&Sd\/ yk*HacwfvGef (13 &mpkESpf) umv a&mufonfhtcg oxHka'owGifrkwrrGefrif;qufudk 0g&Dlu xlaxmifjyefonf/ 0g&Dlvufxuf oxHkonf rkwr (32) NrdKYe,ftwGif;&Sda*gh (aumh) NrdKUe,frS &Gmuav;wpf&Gmom jzpfvsuf&Sdygonf/ xkdpOftcgu oxHkNrdKYysufBuD;rSm awmNcHKzHk;vQuf&SdaecJhrnfrSmrvGJay/ ok0Pblrdacwf tqufqufNrdKYa[mif;ae&mrsm;rSmvnf; dk;rawmifwef;BuD;\ajc&if;rSmyJvJavsmif;tdyfpufaeqJyifjzpf\/
rkwrrGefrif;qufrSAnm;OD;rif;onf ok0PblrdNrdKYa[mif;ae&mwpfckjzpfaom ]'Hk0ef;} NrdKYwnfum(6)ESpfaecJh\/ xkdNrdKYrSmyif rif;om;Anm;EGJYudkarG;onf/ aemiftcg &mZ"d&mZfrif;jzpfvmolyifwnf;/ ]'Hk0ef;}qdkonfrSm ]'Hk0P} ? ]'Hkok0P} rS aGYvsm;qif;oufvmonfhtrnf jzpfwef&m\/ rGefbmomjzifh ]0ef}
rSm *0Hausmufukdac:ygonf/0efNrdKY('Hk0ef;) wGif [Hom0wDqifjzL&Sifonf qHawmf&Sif (usKdufxD;apmif;) apwDudk rGrf;rHjyKjyif
apcJhaMumif;od&ygonf/ rSefeef;&mZ0ifawmfBuD;wGif ]0efNrdKrSefeef;&mZ0ifawmfBuD;wGif ]0efNrdKrSefeef;&mZ0ifawmfBuD;wGif ]0efNrdKrSefeef;&mZ0ifawmfBuD;wGif ]0efNrdKrSefeef;&mZ0ifawmfBuD;wGif ]0efNrdKYYYYY bD;vl;wkdYwnfaomqHawmfbk&m; ysuf,Gif;bD;vl;wkdYwnfaomqHawmfbk&m; ysuf,Gif;bD;vl;wkdYwnfaomqHawmfbk&m; ysuf,Gif;bD;vl;wkdYwnfaomqHawmfbk&m; ysuf,Gif;bD;vl;wkdYwnfaomqHawmfbk&m; ysuf,Gif;onfrsm;ud k topfwnfvky fap\} [k awG Y&onf/onfrsm;ud k topfwnfvkyfap\} [k awG Y&onf/onfrsm;ud k topfwnfvky fap\} [k awG Y&onf/onfrsm;ud k topfwnfvkyfap\} [k awG Y&onf/onfrsm;udk topfwnfvky fap\} [k awG Y&onf/ if;rlvapwD (usKdufxD;apmif;) onf jrwfpGmbk&m;ig;0gajrmuf ok0PblrdoxHkjynfokdh
7/16/2019 ( ) -
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- 51 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
Zif;usdKufawmifqHawmf&SifapwD(ac: ) usdKufjAif;ewfbk&m;awmif
txGwfxufacgif? jrif;rkd&fawmifESifhyHkaqmifrjym;? ork'fem;0,f? ig;yg;rm&fuif;? oHk;vlrif;udkoefY&Sif;MunfjzL? qk,lorQ awmif;wkdif;&[k? b0vlewf? MunfvSnTwfonf/
jAif;ewfarGawmfppfayaom0f
[l pyfqkdygonf/
awmifilpmqkdawmf rif;aZ,s&Erdwfuvnf; if;\ ]jAif;ewfbk&m;wkdif&wk} wGif]wm0wompH&mr,Gef;? okdufeef;jra&mif? b0*facgifxuf? wdrfarSmifpifMunf} tpcsDvsuf?xkdapwDrSmqHawmf&SifapwDwpfqljzpfaMumif;udk
puf0gnD;nD;? aqmif;xD;rsufyGifhcHkjrifhAdwmef? MumjyefMumoGef;
ysHbeef;wnfh? xGwfpGefhOuifqHawmf&Sifudk? Munfvifpufatmifzl;&a&mufaomf . ..
[lpyfqkdxm;ygonf/
,if;taxmuftxm;t& a&S;rGef? jrefrmrif;rsm;vufxufuyif ok0Pblrdacwf ,Ofaus;rItarGtESpf qHawmf&SifapwDudk ouf0if,HkMunfpGmjyKjyifrGrf;rHjcif;? xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufjcif; tavhtxaumif;rsm;&SdcJhaMumif; od&ayonf/ [Hom0wD rGefrif;tqufqufESifh jrefrmrif;tqufqufwkdYonf a&Twd*HkapwD?a&Tarmfa"mapwD paom qHawmf&SifapwDrsm;udk rGrf;rHcJhMuyHkrSm ok0PblrdacwfqHawmfbk&m; udk;uG,f
,HkMunfrItay: jrwfEdk;pGmxdef;odrf;vmcJhjcif;yifjzpf\/
7/16/2019 ( ) -
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- 52 -
OD;pH0if; ( ordkif;okawoe )
ok 0 P bl rd ok aw o e
ok0Pblrdacwf a&S;NrdKYa[mif;BuD;wpfckwnf&SdaMumif; owdjyKrdNyD;? *kwpdkufazmfxkwfay;olrSm"rapwDac: &mrm"dywdrif;B
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