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. 140
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Industry Environmental Conservation Association, 2000)
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Federation, 2009)
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,
.
(Wang & Fingas, 2003) (, et al., 2004).
: (GC),
/ (GC/MS),
(HPLC), (IR),
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(UV) ,
(Wang & Fingas, 2003).
(GC).
( GC-MS),
(PAH )
(Wang & Fingas, 2003). ,
,
(Wang, et al., 1999).
MARPOLMON P (Marine Pollution
Monitoring System) no 13
(IOC Intergovernmental Oceanogaphic
Commission, 1984).
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, .
.
,
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(, 2008).
.
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,
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.
,
. ,
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.
2: Exxon Valdez. : (Wikimedia
Commons, n.d.)
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).
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.
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.
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.
.
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:
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.
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.
.
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.
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.
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,
.
(, 2010) (,
2005)..
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.
.
:
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.
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.
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.
4. Surface Film Chemicals:
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2005).
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,
.
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(secondary
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"
" (Office of Technology Assessment, 1991).
.
:
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,
o (biostimulation),
, /
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, ..) (, 2010) (, 2005).
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:
o
o
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,
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:
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. CleanMag ,
.
,
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30%, 20% - 30%
(, 2013) (, n.d.).
4.
(, et al., 2004)
(, 2013) (International Petroleum Industry
Environmental Conservation Association, 2000).
. (..
)
.
, .
.
.
,
, URS New
Zealand ltd. (Risk Assessment Plan)
(Maritime Safety Authority of
New Zealand).
(URS ew ealand, 2004)
. ,
.
,
.
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.
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5.
Greenpeace International, 2006. .
[]
Available at: http://www.greenpeace.org/greece/Global/greece/report/2006/8/591349.pdf
[ 3 5 2014].
International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association, 2000. A guide to
contingency planning for oil spills on water. IPIECA REPORT SERIES, Volume 2.
International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation, 2009. TOPF Handbook 2009/10 The
International Tanker Owner Pollution Federation Limited. s.l.:s.n.
IOC Intergovernmental Oceanogaphic Commission, 1984. Manual for Monitoring Oil and
Dissolved/Dispersed Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine Waters and on Beaches, Procedures
for the Petroleum Component of the IOC Monitoring System (MARPOLMON P). Manuals
and Guides, pp. 1-20.
Office of Technology Assessment, 1991. Bioremediation of Marine Oil Spills: An Analysis of
Oil Spill Response Technologies. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
URS ew ealand, 2004. Risk Assessment Plan, s.l.: URS ew ealand.
Wang, Z. & Fingas, M., 2003. Development of oil hydrocarbon fingerprinting and
identification techniques. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Issue 47, p. 423452.
Wang, Z., Fingas, M. & Page, D., 1999. Oil spill identification. Journal of Chromatography A.
Wikimedia Commons, n.d. Birds killed as a result of oil from the Exxon Valdez spill. Photo
courtesy of the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council. [Online]
Available at:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/EVOSWEB_013_oiled_bird3.
jpg/320px-EVOSWEB_013_oiled_bird3.jpg
[Accessed 3 5 2014].
, 2002. . 3054/2002 ( 230 ') -
. s.l.: .
, 2005. . 3423/2005 - ( 304 ') -
. s.l.: .
18 18 50/_5/.
, . ., 2004. .
50/4 . : .
, ., 2000. , . ' . :
Gutenberg.
, . . ., 2008. :
. : ,
.
, ., , ., , . & , . ., 2005.
. : .
, ., 2013. :
. Chania: ,
.
, . ., 2010. :
. : , .
, ., n.d. CleanMag - Oil Spill Technology. []
Available at: http://www.cleanmag.gr
[ 3 5 2014].
, ., 2005. :
. :
, .
, ., 1992. :
. : .
, ., 1988. - ,
, . : & .
, . & , ., 2000. . []
Available at: http://www.tovima.gr/relatedarticles/article/?aid=125760
[ 3 5 2014].
, . & , ., 1988. . : University
Studio Press.