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10/26/2017
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Dan MoyerOctober 24, 2017Virginia Recycling Association
Consumer Technology Association
• Represents more than 2,200 companies in the U.S. consumer electronics industry
• Membership includes component suppliers, device manufacturers, retailers, distributors and service providers
• Owner and producer of CES
10/26/2017
2
Outline
• 1. Consumer electronics industry’s role in recycling
– State laws & voluntary initiatives
• 2. Current e-waste picture/future trends
– RIT materials study
– CTA consumer awareness study
• 3. Consumer outreach & education
CE Industry’s Role in Recycling
• More than 4 billion pounds of electronics responsibly
recycled by our industry since 2009
– Manufacturers spending on recycling about $120 million/year
– 630 million lbs. recycled in 2016
– Large majority of lbs. recycled are CRT displays
• More than 8,000 collection sites across the U.S. for
consumer to recycle responsibly.
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State E-Waste Laws
• 25 state e-waste laws, plus DC and PR
• No federal system
• Laws differ in product scope
– Virginia scope: desktops, laptops, monitors
• and in covered entities
– Virginia: Households
The U.S. EPA Waste Management Hierarchy
• Consumer electronics are now the fastest-growing category of the municipal recycling stream*
• Source reduction (SR): lighter, smaller devices
• Government policy should encourage SR, avoid pushing resources down the WMH
*Source: Advancing Sustainable Materials Management: Facts & Figures 2014 (EPA Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery, January 2017
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SMM Electronics Challenge
• EPA program
• Participants work to send 100% of electronics to certified recyclers & increase collection nationwide
Current E-Waste Picture
1. Two CTA-affiliated studies:
1. Research from the Golisano Institute for Sustainability at Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT)
2. Consumer Electronics Recycling and Reuse Study from CTA
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Evolution of Video Display Technologies and Materials
1940’s – 2000’s
CRT’s
1990’s – 2010’s
Plasma TVs
2000’s – 2014
CCFL LCD TVs
2010’s – Present
LED LCD TVs
Leaded Glass Lead, Arsenic* MercuryAll metals
below TCLP levels*For plasma displays see: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25976487
Industry Materials Management History• Materials in consumer electronics is the research focus of Phase I of the RIT
Golisano Institute for Sustainability
• Major materials management issues:
– On recycling, our industry has been the guinea pig for state-level extended producer responsibility policy
– Currently spending about $120 million/year on recycling
– Reuse markets for mobile devices has exploded
– Landfilling/disposal of consumer electronics has decreased
• Less visibility for changes in product material amounts and types of materials used
• Economic and technological forces driving material changes
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Study 1: The RIT Study: Consumer Technology Product Study Comparing Units, Product Type and Mass 1990 - 2015
• Study modeled the following: – The inflow of consumer electronic products and materials entering U.S.
households between 1990-2015.
– The stock of material held in U.S. households at any point in time between 1990-2015, including products that may be in use or still in storage.
– The outflow of used products leaving U.S. households between 1990-2015. These products may enter the waste stream, reuse market, or recycling after this point.
• Figures should be interpreted as general trends, and detailed year-by-year comparisons should be made considering data uncertainty.
0
50,000,000
100,000,000
150,000,000
200,000,000
250,000,000
300,000,000
350,000,000
400,000,000
450,000,000
500,000,000
An
nu
al P
rod
uct
Infl
ow
s (t
ota
l un
its)
fo
r al
l U.S
. Ho
use
ho
lds
Blu-ray
DVD
VCR
MP3 player
Digital camcorder
Digital camera
Gaming console
LED TV
LCD TV
Plasma TV
CRT TV
LED Monitor
LCD monitor
CRT monitor
Printer
Laptop
Desktop
E-reader
Tablet
Smart phone
Basic phone
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7
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
2,000,000
An
nu
al P
rod
uct
Infl
ow
s b
y M
ass
(met
ric
ton
s) f
or
all U
.S. H
ou
seh
old
sBlu-ray
DVD
VCR
MP3 player
Digital camcorder
Digital camera
Gaming console
LED TV
LCD TV
Plasma TV
CRT TV
LED Monitor
LCD monitor
CRT monitor
Printer
Laptop
Desktop
E-reader
Tablet
Smart phone
Basic phone
0
50,000,000
100,000,000
150,000,000
200,000,000
250,000,000
300,000,000
350,000,000
400,000,000
450,000,000
500,000,000
An
nu
al P
rod
uct
Ou
tflo
ws
(un
its)
fro
m
U.S
. Ho
use
ho
lds
Blu-ray
DVD
VCR
MP3 player
Digital camcorder
Digital camera
Gaming console
LED TV
LCD TV
Plasma TV
CRT TV
LED Monitor
LCD monitor
CRT monitor
Printer
Laptop
Desktop
E-reader
Tablet
Smart phone
Basic phone
10/26/2017
8
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
2,000,000
2,200,000
An
nu
al P
rod
uct
Ou
tflo
ws
by
Mas
s (m
etri
c to
ns)
fro
m U
.S. H
ou
seh
old
sBlu-ray
DVD
VCR
MP3 player
Digital camcorder
Digital camera
Gaming console
LED TV
LCD TV
Plasma TV
CRT TV
LED Monitor
LCD monitor
CRT monitor
Printer
Laptop
Desktop
E-reader
Tablet
Smart phone
Basic phone
• Inflow:
– Steady increase in number of units in households
– Leveling off (2000-05) and then gradual decrease in weight in households.
• Outflow:
– Steady increase in number of devices.
– Outflow weight mirroring inflow pattern
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State Policy & Product Trends
• In our industry’s experience, EPR has had zero relevance to product reduction
• Patchwork of state laws does nothing to incentivize product design
• Government policy should support innovation and be in sync with market trends
Study 2: CE Recycling and Reuse
• U.S. Consumer Survey conducted July, 2016
• Survey has been done every 2 years since 2008
• Questions cover consumer interest, awareness, activity
• Most questions are consistent across surveys to help identify consumer trends
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Overall Awareness of CE Recycling Consistent with Past
19
Q. Do you know where you can recycle electronics products, such as computers, smartphones, TVs, monitors and printers? Base: U.S. Adults (n=1008)
% Aware of CE Recycling Locations
42% 37% 41% 40%
58% 63% 59% 59%
2010 2012 2014 2016
Aware
Unaware
“Don’t know”= 1%
CTA.tech© 2016 Consumer Technology Association (CTA)(TM). All rights reserved. CTA.tech/research
14%
24%
40%
Threw Away Recycled Donated
Approximately half of US Adults Removed CE From Their Household Within the Past Year; Among Those, Four in Five Donated or Recycled The Removed CE
20
66%Removed CE
from Household(CE was Recycled,
Donated, or Thrown Away)
Net Recycled + Donated [Among Those Who Removed CE]
86%
% Who Removed CE From Household Within the Past 12 Months
Q. Thinking over the PAST 12 MONTHS, how many of the following electronics, if any, have you THROWN IN THE TRASH?Q. Still thinking of the PAST 12 MONTHS, how many of the following devices that you owned and used, if any, have you GIVEN AWAY OR DONATED?Q. And still thinking of the PAST 12 MONTHS, how many of the following devices, if any, have you RECYCLED? Base: U.S. Adults (n=1008)
% Who Recycled, Donated, or Threw Away CE From Household
55%
45%No Action
Removed CE from Household
(CE was Recycled, Donated, or
Thrown Away)[-11% vs. 2014]
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CTA.tech© 2016 Consumer Technology Association (CTA)(TM). All rights reserved. CTA.tech/research
Giving CE to Recycling Centers Continue to Be the Most Frequently Utilized Method for Recycling CE
21
+8
+4
-2
-3
-4
% Point Difference (2010 – 2016)
How Consumers Recycle CE [Among Those Who Indicated Recycling CE Within the Past 12 Months]
Q. Thinking about the device you recycled MOST RECENTLY, how did you recycle it? Base: U.S. Adults that Recycled CE within the past 12 months (n=240)
10%
7%
16%
19%
20%
26%
11%
8%
9%
22%
19%
30%
11%
5%
10%
13%
22%
38%
7%
3%
13%
17%
24%
34%
Other
Mailed to a recycling center or program
Placed in a recycling bin and put it outwith your regular trash pickup
Dropped off at a local recycling drive
Dropped off at a local electronics retailer
Dropped off at a recycling center2016201420122010
-3
CTA.tech© 2016 Consumer Technology Association (CTA)(TM). All rights reserved. CTA.tech/research
3%
16%
2%
3%
6%
9%
10%
10%
11%
11%
11%
12%
13%
15%
18%
19%
39%
Don't know
Other
GreenerGadgets.org
Product receipt
Manufacturer websites
Retailer websites
Social networking sites
Commercials on TV
Internet news sites or product reviews
Advertisements in magazines or newspapers
State government agency website
Information on the packaging
Internet advertisements
Articles in magazines or newspapers
Salespeople at the store
In-store displays
Friends, family members or co-workers
Consumers Largely Learn About CE Recycling Via Word of Mouth or Internet Sources
22
Over half (52%) learn about recycling options
through internet sources, a large increase since
2014 (35%)
Over a third (37%) learn about recycling options while in their
local store
Sources Through Which Consumers Learned How/Where CE Could Be Recycled [Among Those Who Recycled CE Within the Past 12 Months]
Q. Thinking about the device you recycled, how did you learn about how you could recycle it? Base: U.S. Adults that Recycled CE within the past 12 months (n=240)
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CTA.tech© 2016 Consumer Technology Association (CTA)(TM). All rights reserved. CTA.tech/research
30%27%
22%
15%
6%
Up to 5 miles 6-10 miles 11-20 miles More than 20 miles I would not travelany distance
Nearly All Would Be Willing to Travel Some Distance to Recycle Unwanted Electronics
23
94% Would Travel
to Recycle Unwanted CE[-4% decrease since 2012]
Distance Willing to Travel to Recycle Unwanted CE
Q. What is the farthest distance you would be willing to travel to recycle your unwanted electronics products? Base: U.S. Adults (n=1008)
CTA.tech© 2016 Consumer Technology Association (CTA)(TM). All rights reserved. CTA.tech/research
6%
2%
6%
20%
30%
35%
Other
Local school
Family member living with you
Friend not living with you
Charitable organization
Family member NOT living with you
Two-Thirds of Donators Keep CE Within Their Network of Family and Friends
24
Nearly two-thirds (61%) donate their CE devices to friends/family
To Whom CE Devices Were Donated [Among Those Who Indicated They Donated CE Within the Past 12 Months]
Q. Thinking about the device you gave away or donated MOST RECENTLY, who did you give it to? Base: U.S. Adults that Donated CE within the past 12 months (n=406)
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CTA.tech
Consumer OutreachGreener Gadgets
• www.greenergadgets.org
• Consumer education & tools• Energy Calculator, Zip Code
Locator
• Impressions: 100K+ page views in 2017
CTA.tech
Public Service Announcements
Television and Radio (‘16-present)
8000+ broadcasts, 130M+ impressions
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CTA.tech
Consumer Education
• 16K schools across US• Teachers reached: 61K• Students/families reached: 2M
Thank you!For More Information….
703-907-4322cta.tech/green