Zulifqar Presentation

8/4/2019 Zulifqar Presentation

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Topic:

Use of Pie Charts, Column and Bar Charts to

Express Business Information

Name: Zulifqar Ali

Roll No: AD514356


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Definitation of Chart

A chart is a graphic representation of data

in a worksheet. The chart is based on

descriptive entries called category labels,

and on numerical values called data points.The data points are grouped into one or

more data series that appears in the row(s)

or column(s) on the worksheet. In every

chart there is exactly one data point ineach data series for each value of the

category label.


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Types of Charts

There are 14 basic types of charts. Following aresome types of charts, but first three charts aremost used in business organization to expresstheir information.

Pie charts

Bar charts

Column charts

Area charts

Line charts Scatter plot

3-d charts


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Pie Charts

A graphical representation of information

in which each unit of data is represented

as a pie-shaped piece of a circle. Also,

note that a pie chart is usually used as a

snapshot of ONE moment in time. If we

want to show relationships as part of a

whole over time, we would use an areachart.


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Example ofPie Charts

The pie chart below shows the ingredientsused to make a sausage and mushroompizza. The fraction of each ingredient by

weight is shown in the pie chart below. Wesee that half of the pizza's weight comesfrom the crust. The mushrooms make upthe smallest amount of the pizza by weight,since the slice corresponding to themushrooms is smallest. Note that the sumof the decimal sizes of each slice is equalto 1 (the "whole" pizza").


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Pie Chart


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Advantage & Disadvantage ofPie chart

AdvantageAdvantage

It is used to depict the proportional statistical and forcontrast and compare information.

DisadvantageDisadvantage

These would be that they can only depict up to 8 sliceswithout causing confusion. Anymore that that could

mislead readers and not convey the message you aretrying to get across. Also, categories that represent lessthan 5% of the whole cannot be easily distinguished in thegraph.


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Bar Charts

Bar charts compare distinct items or showsingle items at distinct intervals. Usually, a barchart is laid out with categories along the

vertical axis and values along the horizontalaxis. In other words, the bars are horizontallyplaced on the page. Bar charts are useful forcomparing data items that are in competition, soit makes sense to place the longest bars on topand the others in descending order beneath thelongest one.


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Example

A double bar graph is similar to a regular bar graph, but

gives 2 pieces of information for each item on the

vertical axis, rather than just 1. The bar chart below

shows the weight in kilograms of some fruit sold on twodifferent days by a local market. This lets us compare

the sales of each fruit over a 2 day period, not just the

sales of one fruit compared to another. We can see that

the sales of star fruit and apples stayed most nearly the

same. The sales of oranges increased from day 1 to day2 by 10 kilograms. The same amount of apples and

oranges was sold on the second day.


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Bar Charts


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Advantages:

Bar charts help in making the categories stand out fromone another, therefore making it easier to compare each

category. It allows for more space in labeling the axis.

Disadvantages:

The problem with placing category labels on the y-axis is

that humans are more used to interpreting numbers on the y-axis. Therefore, it takes away the attention from the actualnumbers, and may confuse the reader.


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A very common use for column charts is to display how

values change over discrete units of time (monthly or

yearly change, for example).

A column chart is a graphic presentation of data. Column

charts display vertical bars going across the chart

horizontally, with the values axis being displayed on the

left side of the chart. Below is an example picture of acolumn chart of unique visitors Computer Hope has

received between the years of 2000 and 2006. As can be

seen in this example you can quickly visually see a gentle

increase of users over the years.


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Advantages:

It shows exact quantities in real numbers, so you dont have

to convert percentages into number as with pie charts. Thus,

the information is much more distinct and obvious.

Disadvantages:

If the category labels are too long, they may not fitcompletely on the x-axis without making it too crowded. The

range of the y-axis numbers and the inexactitude of bars make

it difficult to determine the exact value.


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Pepsi international is a world renowned brand.It is a very well

organized multinational company which operates almost all over

the world .They Produce one of best carbonated drinks in the

world.


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Sr. No Month Rs. (in Millions)

1 July 5.58

2 August 1.24

3 September 5.82

4 October 9.91

5 November 8.02

6 December 8.36

7 January 7.23

8 February 1.27


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Zulifqar Presentation