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What’s New in IEC 61850?Status and Advantages
Christoph Brunner
it4power
Zug, Switzerland
Alex Apostolov
OMICRON
Los Angeles, CA
Eric A. Udren
Quanta Technology
Pittsburgh, PA
Presented to
i-PCGRID Workshop 2011Pacific Gas & Electric Company
San Francisco, CA
March 31, 2011
Zug, Switzerland Los Angeles, CA Pittsburgh, PA
IEC 61850 is living and growing
� The part you knew – IEC
61850 Edition 1 – the seed – 1700 pages of living genome.
IEC 61850 Edition 2
� International application -polished genes
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polished genes
� Expanded structure
� New clarity
� TISSUES (bugs) cleared
� New practical features
� New application domains
IEC 61850 is branching
New parts of IEC 61850
� Expanding outside the
substation
� Between substations
� To control centers
� Communications and
Page 3© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
� Communications and application modeling across the entire power system
� Integration with enterprise systems
� Interfaces with popular SCADA and control protocols
IEC 61850 standard parts (Ed 1)
Data Models
Basic Communication Structure for Substations and Feeder Equipment
Part 7-4: Compatible Logical Node Classes and
Data ClassesPart 7-3: Common Data Classes
Abstract Comm. Services
Basic Communication Structure for
System Aspects
Part 1: Introduction and Overview
Part 2: Glossary
Part 3: General RequirementsPart 4: System and Project
Management
Part 5: Comm Requirements
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Configuration
Part 6: Configuration Lan-guage for electrical
Substation IED’s
TestingPart 10: Conform. Testing
Mapping to real Comm. Networks (SCSM)
Part 8-1: Mapping to MMS and ISO/IEC 8802-3
Part 9-1: Sampled Values over Serial Unidirectional Multidrop Point-to-Point link
Part 9-2: Sampled Values over ISO/IEC 8802-3
Basic Communication Structure for Substations and Feeder Equipment
Part 7-2: Abstract Communication Services (ACSI)
Part 7-1: Principles and Models
for Functions and Device Models
What is new in Ed 2 of existing parts?
� Clarifications and corrections (TISSUES)
� Modeling
� Power Quality
� Statistical evaluation of informatio
� New models for mechanical equipment and
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� New models for mechanical equipment and measurements of non-electric quantities
� Enhanced features for testing support
� Support for exchange of engineering information across projects
� Redundancy – possibility to have IEDs with dual connections
IEC 61850 – new parts
� IEC 61850-7-410 – Hydroelectric power plants –Communication for monitoring and control
� IEC 61850-7-420 – Communication Systems for Distributed Energy Resources (DER)
� IEC 61850-7-500 / -7-510 (Technical Reports)
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� Explain how to use the concepts of IEC 61850 to model the applications
� IEC 61400-25-x – Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants
Mappings for gateways
� IEC 61850-80-1 –Guideline to exchange information from a CDC
based data model using IEC 60870-5-101 / -104
� IEEE 1815.1 – Exchanging
Station Controller & Gateway
Bay Controller
61850
101/104
61850
Protection
61850
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� IEEE 1815.1 – Exchanging Information between networks Implementing IEC 61850 and IEEE1815 (DNP3)
� Intended to become a IEC dual logo standard (IEC 61850-80-2)
DNP Master
DNP Outstation
IEC 61580 Client
IEC 61850
Device
IEC 61850
Device
IEC 61850
Device
IEC 61850
Device
Gateway
How to address new areas?
� Prepare technical reports "how to use IEC 61850 for... "
� Technical reports describing
� The use cases considered
� The impact on the communication
� The impact on the modeling
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� The impact on the modeling
� The impact on the engineering
� Results will be used to update the standards (Amendment / new Edition)
WG10 technical reports
� IEC 61850-90-1: Using IEC 61850 for communication between substations (published)
� IEC 61850-90-2: Using IEC 61850 for communication between substations and control center
� IEC 61850-90-3: Using IEC 61850 for condition
monitoring
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monitoring
� IEC 61850-90-4: Network engineering guidelines
� IEC 61850-90-5: Using IEC 61850 to transmit synchrophasor information according to IEEE C37.118
WG17 technical reports
� IEC 61850-90-6: Using IEC 61850 for distribution automation
� IEC 61850-90-7: IEC 61850 object models for photovoltaic, storage and other DER inverters
� IEC 61850-90-8: IEC 61850 object models for electrical
vehicles
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vehicles
� IEC 61850-90-9: IEC 61850 object models for battery storage systems
� Provide a "fast track" for urgently needed models for SmartGrid applications
� Supported by the name space concept of IEC 61850
Further topics under consideration
� Methodologies for testing of functions in IEC 61850 based systems
� In a first step, a technical report shall be prepared to address the topic
� A document will be circulated within IEC to inform
about the planned work
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about the planned work
� Modeling of logics
� Goal is to support design of distributed logic
� Prepare UML model of IEC 61850
� Prepare webbased access to IEC 61850 models
Mirroring control information
IED
Control service
Wired outputctlVal
opRcvd
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opOk
tOpOk
Isolation and test
Protection IED
Pxxx
PTRC
LPHDTEST
TestSet
Sim
Samples (Sim=TRUE)Samples (Sim=FALSE)
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Merging Unit
TCTRTCTRTCTR
TVTRTVTRTVTR
Breaker
XCBR
TEST-BLOCKED
XCBR.Pos.opOk
XCBR.Pos.tOpOk
Samples (Sim=TRUE)Samples (Sim=FALSE)
Trip (Test=FALSE)
Trip (Test= TRUE)
Test of interlocking
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What’s New in IEC 61850?Parts 90-X and other new features
Eric A. Udren
Quanta TechnologyQuanta Technology
Pittsburgh, PA
Part 90-1 – 61850 communications between substations
High speed GOOSE or SV packets between stations for:
� Directional Comparison pilot/unit line protection - POTT, blocking
� Current differential & phase comparison line protection
� Direct transfer trip; interstation interlocking or operation blocking
� Synchrophasors; reclosing including parallel line applications.
� SIPS & RAS; generator shedding; out-of-step protection
� Fault locator systems
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� Fault locator systems
Typical needs:
� V &I, phasor/filtered or instantaneous; binary points
� Data synchronized between subs (time error < 0.1 ms)
� Bandwidth for three phase measurements (≥ 64 kbps)
� Propagation delay usually critical (≤ 5 ms)
� High reliability - low BER <10-6, redundant paths
� Backup functions in the functional design
90-1 on interstation communications
� 61850 communications, modeling/semantics, & system
engineering across stations need Ethernet communications.
� Ethernet between stations:
� Wideband direct interfaces of LANs
� Tunnel that filters and directly passes packets
� Gateway that acts as a proxy for packets
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� Ethernet LAN/WAN configuration advice
Station A
Function A1
Function A2
Station B
Function B1
Function B2
Transparent Tunnel
??Proxy
B1
Teleprotection equipmentacting as gateway
?
Part 90-1 contents
� Use cases for functions
� Performance classes – latency, bandwidth, security & dependability…
� New LNs for channel configuration , DC, differential protection – fed back to 7-4 Ed.2 (ITPC, PSCH, RMXU)
� Ethernet communications transport strategies/design
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� Project engineering design and use of SCL (Part 6) across multiple substations with shared functions
Result - use GOOSE and Sampled Values services as already defined in Parts 7, 8-1, 9-2 - publish and subscribe between stations!
61850-90-2 and 90-3
� 90-2 - Using IEC 61850 for the communication between substations and control centers – in development
� 90-3 – Condition monitoring of primary power apparatus –communications & asset management requirements:
� Transformers, LTCs
� GIS
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� GIS
� Lines, UG cables
� Sta. batteries
Secondary condition monitoring
� Condition monitoring of secondary systems (P&C equipment) – will be separate development
� Take advantage of self-monitoring functions of relays and IEDs –internal processors and related
parts
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parts
� 61850 data communications with a heartbeat monitors function of entire path between processors
� Goal - Incorporate monitoring into engineering process so you get it with completed installation design
Part 90-4 - Network Engineering Guidelines
� 61850 communications are mapped to Ethernet
� Network/physical layers were black box – you make it work
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– you make it work
� Now – comprehensive guidance on reliable network design
Part 90-4 - Network Engineering Guidelines
Layer 2 redundant network paths for protection messages
� Short-bump or bumpless rerouting for segment failures
� Rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP) from IT
� 62439-3 Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) – 2 LANs
� 62439-3 High availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR)singly attached nodes
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DANH
CPU
DANH
CPU
DANH
CPU
DANH
CPU
DANH
CPU
DANH
CPU
DANH
CPU
DANH
CPU
DANH
CPU
DANH
CPU
DANH
CPU
DANH
CPU
destinations
source
„A“-frame
(HSR)„B“-frame
(HSR)
destinations
„C“-frame „D“-frame
DANH
CPU
DANH
CPU switch
RedBox
singly attached nodes
interlink
90-4 contents
•Substation topology and physical locations of IEDs
•Protection and control application
•Logical data flows and traffic patterns
•Latency requirements for different types of traffic
•Environmental issues•EMI immunity
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different types of traffic•Redundancy and resiliency•Reliability, availability, maintainability
•Time synchronization and accuracy
•Network management •Configuration & addresses
•EMI immunity•Form factor•Physical media•Remote connectivity•Cyber security•Upgradeability•Testing•Cost
Precision timing in 90-4
We seek a precision time distribution protocol operating on the Ethernet network for:
� Sampling of V&I by merging units on process bus
� Synchrophasor timing
� All other time tagging
Without running separate timing signals among relays,
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Without running separate timing signals among relays, IEDs, merging units – get rid of IRIG-B cables, sampling time fibers, etc.
� Use IEEE 1588 precision time protocol (PTP)
� Use IEEE C37.239 profile for protection applications
� Also to be used in 61869-9 for merging units
90-5 Synchrophasor Transport
� Split of Synchrophasor Standard – IEEE C37.118.1 on measurement and C37.118.2 on transport.
� WG 10 is defining a new transport mechanism for synchrophasors in wide area networks according to 61850 modeling and system engineering principles:
� Built on Sampled Values & GOOSE messaging
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� Built on Sampled Values & GOOSE messaging models & mappings – fits SCL system engineering
� Presumes Ethernet network connections
� May utilize WAN or the Gateway approach as described in 90-1 for TDM or other non-Ethernet channels
� TC 95 and IEEE will make new IEC measurement standard based on C37.118.1
Features of 90-5 transport approach
� Sampled Value or GOOSE publish/subscribe across the WAN
� Add layer 3 transport – UDP/IP unicast or multicast (unconfirmed
continuing stream of data packets – not like TCP/IP)
� Conventional routers can identify packets and send to the
subscribing locations across the WAN
� Routers can even search for subscribers and establish routes
dynamically (good support for NASPInet!)
Page 26© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
dynamically (good support for NASPInet!)
� New - a big deal – end-to-end authentication in the packet!
� SHA-2 authentication hash code - computed in real time.
� Industry standard Group Domain of Interpretation (GDOI)
security key distribution/management
� Implementation roadmap – router or gateway security now;
hash code handling in relays, IEDs, clients later
with new computing hardware.
New this week – interoperability testing!
� New industry program to move beyond conformance testing
� Connect multiple vendors’ products in a neutral environment and work out compatibility issues
� At EDF labs near Paris, week of March 28:
� Process bus – merging units and relays
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� Process bus – merging units and relays
� Servers (e.g. relays) and clients (e.g. data concentrators)
� Ethernet performance results
� Network configurations and RSTP performance
What’s New in IEC 61850?More technical features
Testing Advantages of 61850
Alex ApostolovAlex Apostolov
OMICRON
Los Angeles, CA
IEC 61850 Edition 2: InRef
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Page: 29
IEC 61850 Edition 2: LD Hierarchy
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Page: 30
Ethernet Port LN LCCH
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Value Mode1 on The application represented by the LN works.
All communication services work and get updated values2 on-blocked The application represented by the LN works.
No output data (digital by relays or analog setting) will be issued to the process. All communication services work and get updated values.Data objects will be transmitted with quality “operatorBlocked”. Control commands will be rejected.See note below the table
3 test The application represented by the LN works. All communication services work and get updated values.Data objects will be transmitted with quality “test”. Control commands with quality test will be accepted only by LNs in “test” or “test-
blocked” mode.
Values of Mode and Behavior
Page 32© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
blocked” mode. “Processed as valid” means that the application should react in the manner what is foreseen for “test”.
4 test/blocked The application represented by the LN works.No output data (digital by relays or analog setting) will be issued to the process. All communication services work and get updated values.Data objects will be transmitted with quality “test”. Control commands with quality test will be accepted only by LNs in TEST or
TEST-Blocked mode.
5 off The application represented by the LN doesn’t work. No process output is possible. No control command should be acknowledged (negative response). Only the data object Mod and Beh should be accessible by the services.
Note: The Mod=”blocked” from edition 1 is changed in edition 2 to “on-blocked”.
Values of Mode and Behavior
Page 33© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
GOOSE Testing
Communication processor Application Logic to
copy value
t
txSubscribed GOOSE messages
tc*
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Physical device PD1
troundtrip
typublished GOOSE
tapplication
ta*
CIM Overview - Packages
Generation
Wires
LoadModel
Meas
Outage Protection
Financial
SCADA
Assets Documen-
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Domain
Wires
Core
Topology
Financial
EnergyScheduling
Reservation
Core2
Assets Documen-tation
Consumer
OAGMessage
s
ERPSupport
Overlap with 61850
Objectives
Voltage
levelBay Device
CBR
ConNode
DIS
PTR
1
1 1
1 1
Substation1
1
Terminal
1
1
0..5
Subdevice
Phase
1
Page 36© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
PTR
IED AccessPoint Server LDevice
LNode
Subnetwork
1..*1..2
1..* 1..*
1
1
1
Data1
1
1
1..*
1..*associations
0,1
0,1
Functional / substation structure
Product / IED structure
Communication structure
0..*
Router
COMTRADE for Synchrophasors
� PSRC H8 Application of COMTRADE for Synchrophasor Data Approved by IEEE PSRC Subcommittee H on May 13, 2010 as a PSRC Report PSRC H8 1
� Schema for Phasor Data Using the COMTRADE File Standard
� Report of the H8 Working Group of IEEE Power System
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� Report of the H8 Working Group of IEEE Power System Relaying Committee
� Application of COMTRADE for Exchange of
Synchrophasor Data
Link between COMTRADE, IEC 61850 and CIM
� H17: Establishing Link between COMTRADE, IEC 61850 and CIM
� Goal is to link IEC 61850, CIM and COMTRADE in a way, that the COMTRADE channels can be associated to a node in the power network
Page 38© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
IEC 61850
SCL
… in the power network
RADR1
RADR2
COMTRADE cfg File 1
Substation A
Channel 1
Channel 2
COMTRADE cfg File 2
Channel 1
Page 39© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
CIM
IEC 61850 SCL
IEC 61850 SCL
RADR5
RADR4
RADR1
Channel 1
COMTRADE cfg File 3
Channel 1
Channel 2
IEC 61499 Function Blocks
� The basic unit for encapsulating and reusing Intellectual Property (IP="know-how") is the function block type.
� It is a class defining the behavior of (possibly) multiple instances.
� It includes event inputs and outputs as well as the more
traditional data inputs and outputs, to provide for
Page 40© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
traditional data inputs and outputs, to provide for synchronization between data transfer and program execution in distributed systems.
IEC 61499 Function Blocks
Page 41© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
IEC 61499 Function Blocks
Execution
Control
Chart
Page 42© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
Algorithms
IEC 61131-3
IEC 61850 Benefits
Page 43© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
Advantages of Process Bus
� Practical elimination of CT saturation because of the elimination of the current leads resistance.
� CT knee-point voltage is a function of the resistance of
the different components of the current circuit:
VK = f (RCT, RL, RRP)
�VK = Required CT knee-point voltage (volts)
Page 44© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
�VK = Required CT knee-point voltage (volts)
�RCT = Resistance of CT secondary winding (ohms)
�RL = Resistance of a single lead from relay to CT
�RRP = Impedance of a relay phase current input
Advantages of Process Bus
� An additional benefit of process bus based solutions is the improvements of the safety of the substation
� Elimination of one of the main safety related problems - an open current circuit condition. If this
occurs while the primary winding is energized, the
Page 45© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
occurs while the primary winding is energized, the induced secondary e.m.f. under these circumstances can be high enough to present a danger to people’s life and equipment insulation
Advantages of Process Bus
� Improves the flexibility of the protection system.
� Current circuits can not be easily switched due to open circuit concerns
� The above is not an issue with process bus, because any changes will only require modifications in the subscription of the protection IEDs receiving the
Page 46© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
subscription of the protection IEDs receiving the sampled analog values over IEC 61850 9-2.
Utility
Standards
SAS Engineering Process
Page 47© 2011 Quanta Services, Inc.
Functional
Specification
Questions?
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