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Vol 13 No 6 I s sue137
Embracing the 100G Era
P11
Operation Insight
Tech Forum
Solutions
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
News Brief
Third Eye
Success Stories
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
Competitive Pressure
As the EU further opens up fixed access infrastructure and formulates policies
for future broadband coverage, many emerging telecom, cable, and mobile operators are entering the f ixed broadband sector. Revenue from fixed voice is declining because of increased
major source of future revenue for
become more competitive. Operators are most concerned about offering higher
European Broadband Access
By Liu Feng
their rivals. To rally against competition from emerging telecom and cable
NGA initiative and DT has also devised a GPON 2.0 plan.
Service-Driven Force
services have developed rapidly and
the future. Informa forecasts that by
are difficult to manage, operators focus
architecture so that it offers custom-
services are no longer transparent to their
traditional operators have adjusted their
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
GPON 2.0 plan.
driven by emerging services, traditional
offering differentiated service assurance to users, content providers, and service providers through an end-to-end
European operators and understands broadband trends on the continent. ZTE has proposed a European fixed broadband business model based on terminal-pipe-cloud architecture. This business model brings European
have a clear objective of broadband development. The EU aims to have 100%
for all Europeans by 2020. It also aims to have 50% of all European households subscribed to Internet connections above 100Mbps. To reach this goal, existing
reconstructed. Most operators in Europe
length of last mile and adopting FTTH/
technologies.
PON technologies are being introduced to
office sites and active optical nodes are
further streamlines the existing O&M process and cuts OPEX and labor costs.
mobile convergence in the last mile and
and reduce overall construction costs.
is also set up to ensure differentiated end-
home appliances and electronic devices
streaming media to be shared by all digital devices. All these household electronic devices are controlled through a unified visual user interface. This improves user
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
operators get a head start in the broadband
construction and service provision.
existing copper resources can be used
deploy cutting-edge fiber technology to
Uni NGA
for operators in Europe and meets
fixed broadband business models. The solution is based on a terminal-pipe-cloud architecture and focuses on integration,
broadband access platform enables full-service access and full-scenario coverage. The platform supports access to both
future video-centered broadband services. It supports a diverse range of access
and various application scenarios, such
addition to fixed broadband services, it provides data traffic offload and mobile
for smooth evolution to NG PON.
and open competition. Operators can jointly build and operate an FTTx
to transform from being an extensive dumb pipe to an optimized smart pipe. Dynamic service assurance
is implemented through enhanced
detection, and on-demand service provision. An innovative business
principle of “less consumption,
made, future-proof solution protects operator investments and reduces
O&M also reduces OPEX.
NGA solution helps operators boost
innovative business model.
Success Cases Many European operators are putting
the broadband access business model into practice. After speeding up broadband connection, they have built intelligent
In Lithuania, ZTE customized an
FTTH solution for TEO, a subsidiary of
100Mbps, the solution pushed Lithuania
recognized by the Lithuanian government
as the greenest enterprise because of its
In the UK, ZTE helped local operators,
unified plan and policies of the UK,
access in rural areas, promote competition
boost local economies. In Germany, ZTE and DT have
made GPON solution that further
more intelligent. The solution enabled
DT has maintained its leading position in
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
Construction of National Broadband Networks
By Xie Jun
Trends
A t e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n infrastructure and differs from a
or it can be based on the existing
t e l e c o m o p e r a t o r . D e d i c a t e d
there is an increasing demand for high-
an important part of the future global
divide, create employment, and push
years, there has been an upsurge in
their national strategies for broadband development.
and regions had broadband strategies. The
that include goals, policies and specific
playing an increasingly important role in broadband development.
Figure 1. National broadband plans for some countries.
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
Features Despite differences in strategic goals,
choice of technology, and construction
some common features.
of delivering broadband speeds of
intensive applications such as video conferencing, video surveillance,
platform that encourages competition
for f ixed-mobile convergence,
and unified scheduling of diverse services.
An
strategy and must be environmentally friendly.
Construction Model
business model are fundamental for
competitive environment for operators
also offer more options to users.
construction model. An open access
to provide competitive and attractive services for end users. The open access
physical infrastructure
managed by an infrastructure operator
and operated by a communications
access models.
buildout model.
use this model. In Portugal, the telecommunications regulator,
are open. Through competition, the physical infrastructure at layer 1 is
telecommunications regulator. France Telecom builds physical infrastructure
construction and operation at layer 2,
The UK uses this model. The UK telecommunications regulator,
bitstream mode. The bitstream model significantly
offers diverse and competitive service options to end users. This model has been adopted by Malaysia and
Holland uses this model. Rigerfiber is the N.O. and I.O. and
Self-BuiltInfrastructure
More Sharing
Figure 2. Open access model options.
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
access rules. OpenNet is N.O. and I.O., responsible for providing passive
building active infrastructure and
models, model 2 and model 4 have physical openness at layer 1 and layer 2. These models are not very different from
Considerations
Governments are playing an increasingly important role in constructing and operating
are the preliminary shape of the Korean
its e-Japan strategy in 2001 and perfected
and strategies for different countries are
that have been successful in deploying
These include a free license management
broadband development varies from
under-developed areas have access
governments have to consider.
existing infrastructure, including ODNs, local communications pipes and copper
to meet the broadband needs. A feasible
that can be implemented phase by phase and that is suitable for different
Any technical solution must also be environmentally friendly.
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
Figure 1. NG-PON2 roadmap.
Ivideo. To meet the corresponding
and 100G optical systems have been
layer. 400G/1T systems are also being researched. The access layer must be capable of handling increased traffic and supporting many more services.
structure; in particular, TDM-PON has
xPON standard and industry chain have
a mainstream technology for FTTx
NG-PON2, a long-term PON solution, is a hot topic being discussed by ITU-T
higher split ratio, longer transmission distance, and greater access capacity
speed TDMA-PON.
A Discussion on By Zhang Peihua
communications is innovative. OFDM
that dynamically allocates high-speed
overlapping spectra to improve spectral efficiency. High-order modulation
used for these subcarriers. This enhances system capacity. OFDM is effective in eliminating inter-symbol interference caused by multipath and chromatic
increases symbol length and uses cyclic
programmed to implement DFT/IDFT
digital conversion. Most system functions, excluding RF front-end and antenna, are
OFDM can be used as a modulation
and channel capacity. It can also eliminate multipath and dispersion
allocation for multiple subscribers and services. Different subcarriers can be
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
allocated to subscribers or services such
OFDM has been successfully applied
and is a core transmission technology
electronic devices are used instead of
costs. OFDM-PON can be combined
competitive technology for NG-PON2.
Depending on channel environments and application scenarios, OFDM can dynamically allocate the number of bits carried by each subcarrier, the modulation scheme used by each
of each subcarrier. It does this by using a simple FFT algorithm. In OFDM-PON, allocation of each subcarrier occurs in real time according to access distance, subscriber type, and access service. Uncomplicated protocols help
and is unable to meet the diverse
OFDM is a mature technology in
polarization-mode dispersion in optical
used to smoothly evolve optical access
Integrated optical devices are very costly, and optical modules of 10G or higher can significantly drive up
avoids costly optical devices and uses cheaper electronic devices. OFDM
cost advantages of high-speed digital
popular.
is expected to be released in early 2012.
been actively involved in standardization of NG-PON2.
supports access to baseband OFDM,
individual subchannels. OFDM also uses a simple constellation mapping algorithm for high-order modulation
of spectral resources and improves spectral efficiency. This lays a solid
structure improves the performance of
become a hot topic in recent years, and
primary issue for ultra-longhaul access
dispersion. Theoretically, OFDM signals are free from chromatic and
Figure 2. OFDM-based multiservice access.
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
According to data released by the OIF, the average annual traffic
Operators have to reduce cost per unit of traffic to relieve revenue pressure. The
to improve system transmission capacity. Through the joint efforts of the IEEE, ITU-T and OIF, 100G standards have
just around the corner.
Ready for 100G Commercialization
solution to meet the need for large-scale
By Shi Sheping
compensation. An optical receiver can tolerate chromatic dispersion of up to 50,000ps/nm and polarization mode
that chromatic dispersion compensation
not need to be used. The engineering and OAM are also simplified in 100G
channel spacing used in 10G and
This meets the increasing demand for data services and ensures longer
manufactured using a cutting-edge
have better signal processing capability
integration enables advanced soft-
error-correction performance than the commonly-used hard-decision
transmission capacity is increased by
transmission distance is close to that of
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
commercialization. The company
products, ZTE offers the most competitive 100G solution.
Leading the Industry with Beyond-100G
ZTE has also started researching beyond-100G optical transmission technology.
verification tests on its industry-leading
optic transmission rate of 11.2Tb/s in a first-time experiment at the Optical
March 2011.
generation technology generates 112
25GHz RF
EA EA
PM1 PM2
EDFA PM-TD
external cavity laser polarization maintaining optical coupler
phase modulator 1
time delayer
Figure 1. Orthogonal subcarrier generation.
Figure 2. Optical spectrum of 112 subcarriers.
Figure 3. 24-channel wavelength spectrum.
100Gb/s optical signals, the experiment
rate of 24Tb/s. The transmission distance
only by using the standard erbium doped
Conclusion
started planning to commercialize 100G transmission. ZTE can provide the most competitive 100G solutions. ZTE is continually refining its 100G products and creates value for operators. As 100G products become more commercialized,
developed beyond-100G technology
established beyond-100G research
jointly lead the beyond-100G trend.
The transmission rate of 24Tb/s
subcarriers for each channel, and each subcarrier bears 100Gb/s optical signals.
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
- R A N i s a c e n t r a l i z e d , cooperative, clean and cloud computing architecture in radio
several gigabits per second using fiber.
developed an array of solutions, including enhanced fiber connection, colored fiber connection, and OTN bearer. All these
scenarios.
Tran sm ission Requirem en ts for CPRI
the transmission distance should be Figure 1. C-RAN architecture.
C-RAN Bearer Network Solution
Virtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station Pool Virtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station PoolVirtual Base Station Pool Virtual Base Virtual Base Virtual Base Virtual Base Virtual Base Station Pool
General-PurposeProcessorProcessor
General-PurposeGeneral-PurposeGeneral-PurposeGeneral-PurposeProcessor
RRURRURRURRURRU
RRU
RRURRURRU
RRURRU
RRURRURRURRURRURRURRURRURRU
RRURRU
General-PurposeGeneral-PurposeProcessor General-PurposeGeneral-PurposeGeneral-PurposeGeneral-PurposeGeneral-Purpose
ProcessorProcessor
…… X2+ X2+
High Speed SwitchingC-RAN
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
compensate a transmission length of
jitter introduced into each RRU should be less than ±0.002ppm
and TD-LTE base stations should be
synchronization, the recommended
In a solution that does not use a
convergence layer and access layer, and 4
C-RAN Bearer Network Solution
cannot be multiplexed or converged, it is
Fiber connection is directly used for
connection. The other is to use outdoor OTNs as bearers.
number of RRUs can be cascaded to save
optical module can be used for each RRU.
protection and OAM for enhanced fiber
one pair of fibers. This is an optimal
used to configure optical multiplexers/
Table 1. CPRI bandwidth requirements for different wireless systems.
50Mbps
400Mbps
TD-LTE
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
insertion loss on a local add/drop path + OAD insertion loss on other nodes + OMD insertion loss + adapter loss + optical fiber loss + engineering margin < optical module
connected.
shared by more LTE sites. 24 LTE sites
connection is similar to that for fiber
signals. OAD is a passive optical device
cabinet or in an optical cross-connecting box. OMD and OA can be installed in the
delay can be fully met by using a proper
introduced into the transmission layer, it provides perfect protection, OAM, and fault diagnosis and can support ring, tree
Traditionally, an OTN is used in a
on an outdoor pole, small industrial components reduce temperature and
existing ones.
Conclusion
provides an enhanced fiber connection
greatly save fiber resources. This solution
fiber connection solution that supports six
only one pair of fibers. Field tests for this solution are currently being carried out. The
meet bearer needs of future LTE.
fiber connection have advantages over
feasible. Moreover, outdoor OTNs can
multivendor integrated services including
dedicated lines.
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
By Chen Zongcong
In recent years, Northern Europe has been at the cutting edge of information and communications
broadband construction. Lithuania has
is the largest telephony and broadband Internet provider in Lithuania. The
a leading provider of telecommunication
The Green Broadband Plan TEO began offering integrated
concern for TEO. GPON has been highly
small carbon footprint, and flexibility in
national information system, TEO plans
upgraded to 1Gbps in the future. High
and OPEX, and minimizes noise from
recognized as the greenest enterprise by
To offer better services, TEO has
at the early stage, and AON has been
an appropriate broadband technology for
Green Broadband for a Green Country
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
green FTTH solution is preferred by TEO.
TEO initiated a GPON FTTH project
provided an end-to-end GPON solution
Its green broadband concept is in line
rounds of selection and testing, TEO
to 200Mbps to customers. The GPON
1Gbps in the future.
highly integrated cards, and smart
consumption lead-free design and no use of harmless
materials smooth evolution to 10G EPON, 10G
small footprint to save space and energy end-to-end OAM solution involving
zero touch, automatic line and
diagnosis and management to effectively cut labor costs.
The Promising Green Broadband
recognizes the fastest, greenest GPON
jointly deployed in Lithuania.
for providing an environmentally friendly
and high energy efficiency. Our GPON
According to data released by the
speeds. Lithuania deploys fiber-optic Internet technologies at the fastest rate in Europe. At the end of 2010, 200Mbps
residents. TEO successfully upgraded
TEO building
manager of TEO network development department receive the GTB innovation award
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
Beltelecom: Creating a National Broadband Strategy in Belarus
Belarus eltelecom is the largest state-
a monopoly on fixed-line and data transmission services throughout the country.
three mobile operators in the country.
egresses to neighboring countries.
services. It operates a satellite ground
through an international satellite channel.
of accessing international digital
can connect international space stations to
is the main international pipe supplier
National IPTV Strategy
sufficient to meet the ever-increasing
The advanced FTTH solution has
investment, reduce energy consumption,
Building a Future-Proof FTTH Network
ZTE began discussions on selecting an appropriate FTTH construction mode. After rounds of technical evaluations and
and ZTE determined that a GPON-based
By Zhang Lei
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
using this technology saves 50% on
electricity costs. Ex is t ing GPON is inev i t ab ly
variety of issues, including radiation, heat dissipation, and noise. FTTH changes the
reduces the OPEX on maintaining
diverse broadband services and boosts
corporate c i tizen that ful f i ls it s environmental obligations.
Consolidating Market Leadership Through FTTH
proposed the FTTH construction mode for
management model for GPON technology.
telecommunication services to its customers.can upgrade the existing GPON to NG-
In FTTH, a large number of ONTs are deployed in user homes, and all user-side devices are passive. This greatly reduces
in a unified manner. This helps create a true plug-and-play environment and
The innovative, energy-saving
consumption of each PON port by 42%
The large number of outdoor cabinets
ONT
ONT
ONT
ZXA10 C300
NetNumen
F620 (ONT)F620 (ONT)
F660 (ONT)
P2MP
1490nm 1310nm
Splitter FTTH
Figure 1. FTTH solution with diverse ONTs.
Figure 2. Diverse outdoor and indoor cabinet solutions.
OutdoorLarge Cabinets
OutdoorMedium Cabinets
OutdoorSmall CabinetsIndoor Cabinet
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
Telkom Kenya Makes Changes
By Feng Wanli, Hu Xin and Qiu Jiayuan
K e n y a i s t h e f i n a n c i a l , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , a n d transportation hub of Eastern
2, and its population is
Orange brand, is the only integrated telecommunications solutions provider in Kenya. It offers mobile telephony
broadband Internet.
million mobile subscribers and mobile
average voice tariffs across the industry
Airtel entered and began slashing its tariffs in 2010.
Rapid Development
cellular services.
government announced a plan to privatize
efficient and profitable. In November
under the Orange brand, attracting
Kenya announced the launch of its
in mobile internet services. Orange
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
experience. “The mobile phone has evolved from being a tool for basic voice and text communication to being a tool of
RAN Renewal Project
over three years.
the demand for reliable mobile application
class technologies and effective solutions
ZTE used advanced dual PA for the
for outdoor sites, end-to-end mobile
of subscribers by the end of 2011 and
fast and reliable Internet speeds of up to 21Mbps. Our high-definition voice and other features are designed to meet the
Kenya chairman Eddy Njoroge.
is becoming more effective, more productive and more customer-oriented.
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
with NetNumen U31By Zhang Weihua
subscriber base. At the beginning of 2011,
services and smooth data experience.
involved in server configuration, O&M
interoperability.
management.
RNC
eNodeB(FDD) eNodeB(TDD) NodeB PR10
SR10
MME CG
xGW HSS
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
uses distributed architecture to extend its management capability. Distributed deployment means that good use is made of old devices and operator investment is protected.
applications. These security solutions
system and are automatically uploaded to a third-party audit server for further
Interoperability is also an important
non-standard, unstable interfaces lead to time-consuming preparation, heavy
the lead by standardizing northbound
testing labs. This significantly reduces
deliver services in the shortest time.
manner is a challenge for operators.
Traditional drive test and signaling tools are time-consuming, labor-intensive and expensive to use. Northern
tools to replace them. NetNumen
effective replacement for these tools.
can rapidly figure out the location of a faulty signaling node. MR collects a great deal of measurement report
analyzing them through a post-analysis
and adjacent cell interference. MR also automatically converts suggestions for
Through innovation and collaboration,
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
G significant revenue stream for telecom operators across the
operators has increased by an average
Attention is, therefore, being given to data and broadband services, and this has created a huge opportunity for telecom vendors.
one such player that has benefited from the surge in demand for high-
based vendor has been s teadi l y
r i s i ng up t he l a dde r, r epor t ing
According to a report by research
Despite its late entry into the Indian
its Indian operations. Revenues from
percent in 2010-11.In fact, India is the second largest
accounts for about 10 percent of the
Growth in India
by the Indian government against
Department of Telecommunications
security clearance before importing
2010, the government issued guidelines
ZTE: Banking on the TD-LTE Market
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
ZTE has been aggressively trying to
has obtained several orders from telecom operators that are rolling
broadband services.
government firm on providing a fillip to domestic manufacturing, ZTE has been exploring the possibility of setting
considering that, as part of the National Telecom Policy, 2011, the government
encourage local manufacturing and
operators to source a certain percentage
local manufacturing plants.
has a small facility at Manesar, but this uni t focuses on repairs and
maintenance that support its existing Indian operator customers rather than on manufacturing.
Having a local manufacturing
In fact, ZTE has already conducted
and is set to conduct trials for the
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
dongles, and smartphones in the Indian
Asia-Pacific, and North America. “The Middle East and Africa are also
accounted for 54.2 percent of its total operating revenue for the year.
In 2010, for the first time in the
of its overseas revenue came from the
total operating revenue.
in 2011 and $1 billion in 2012.
they try to compete up the value chain,
an industry analyst.The company aims to increase its
contribution of terminals, including tablets, smartphones and personal c om put e r s , t o ha l f o f i t s t o t a l revenue in three years time. In 2010,
mobile devices made up 25 percent of
percent in 2011.ZTE plans to sell 120 million mobile
Among the 120 million devices, 10
Z T E a l s o v e n t u r e d i n t o t h e cloud computing business in 2010 and is expecting over $2 billion in revenue in 2011 from enterprise cloud computing products. Its cloud computing portfolio includes data communications products, enterprise
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
as 2011 LTE Vendor of the Year
ZTE Becomes Global Leader in CDMA Base Station Market with 33% Share
ZTE 21Mbps Mobile Hotspot
ZTE and Vodacom DRC Introduce Commercial iVAS in Congo
companies that have achieved excellence in LTE in a given
tenfold, relieving congestion and significantly improving service to approximately 5 million mobile users. The first
and seamless mobile business and entertainment experience.
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
U-Safety Government Security Solution
ZTE Participates in First-Ever MSF VoLTE Interoperability Test
Generation Mobile Network Deal with
for secure digita l government
The core system is a combination
services. The solutions also deliver high-speed data transmission, positioning, command and control, emergency response and intelligent data analysis. They are designed to help governments prevent and promptly respond to disasters and emergencies.
entered into a strategic partnership
company, one of the major mobile operators in Japan.
primary strategic partner for AXGP.
designated city population.
explore the possibility of creating a joint lab to develop emerging tec hnol og ies and dr ive t he development of next generation technologies, including AXGP.
reach of AXGP.
provides st ronger baseband processing compared to other
the company to provide exclusive joint-cell processing technology and interference-eliminating technology.
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
announced that its operating revenue
year-on-year. Net profit attributable to parent
company shareholders for the same
year decline of 21.5%. The decrease is mainly attributable to increased expenses.
Revenue from terminal sales increased
a leading provider of innovative,
the availability of ZTE Memo.
feature phone functions promote
m o b i l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n s f o r
Revenue from telecommunications
a result of increased fixed terminal and service sales. ZTE also reported year-on-
revenue. This is attributed to increased
communications systems, domestic
ZTE continued to strengthen its position as industry leader in the TD-LTE
France Telecom and MTN Group in the
share of 12.5% in PTN, maintaining its position as the global leader in optical product manufacturing.
spot domestically. This is attributed to
high-end data products, such as the
personal or business use. A built-in 2 megapixel camera/camcorder
for easier access to these common applications. ZTE Memo also has a
interface and enhance their overall mobile experience.
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES