Zieqv Nzangc S o u

Copier: of this Primer may he ordered from:

Mienh Primer # 4 C. W. Callaway Da7Fcix Buonv 1u-Mienh Services No. 574-2 I'.O. Bos 8335 May 1985 Vallejo, CA 94590 lievised April 1996 I'h: (707) 554-4184

W e l c o m e to Mien Literacy

'I'bis set ol'I\Iicn PI-in~cr-s bras o r i ~ i ~ ~ ; r l l ~,r.urlucttl for ;~dult literary clnsses. 'I'hou~li it is tlot like thr IIWIII rhildrrn's prin~ers, i t docs havc quite a b i t or rul l~~r;r l Lrcts for cllildrcr~ who have lost their itlel~tiiy. 'Shr pritacrs, Iholrgll sr t u p Sor ;I phunic ;~ppru;tch, b a s 4 on tlir (;udshilrsky t~lctl~orl of' progranrnird instruction ciln also be rirsil_v irctirptcd to ;I wl~olr language uppruncii.

The Alphabet 13ccausc tile Micn languirgc tins inany soulids that English

does nut havr, and lacks a few round that I

A second category is called Ruilt Words (b.w.) thrsc words are built from Ictters and tone nrarks learned in each Irsson. Somc of ihrse are taught and used in the lessons through builcl up and break down drills and by discovering t1lc111 in the text of the story. 'I'he students can also have fun doing sonlething like scwbhlc with tile letters and tone 11iarCis they have al~-eady experienced.

A third category of words is called L;unction Words, and ilre basically things like conjunctions, preposition, etc. which are necessary to the flow but not really translatable. They are best learned in sentence or clause drills made up of sentence or clause frames where othcr words ijre substituted but with the function word renlirining constant, o r s fmme where other parts of the sentence are constant and the function words alternate.

Wr i t i ng as a k i n e s t h e t i c method of teaching reading. A Third category is the plain old Sight Word, words which

nre needed to mnke the sentence flow, but do not fit into the other three c:~tegories. They can be learned with flaslrcurds and by linding the111 in text. Once iotr-odured, they oftell are triggered by the context of the story as tlrc student reads for meaning.

Writing is also a co~nponent of this course. As eacll new letter is taught tllc students are taught its nanre, and how to write tlic letter. The endings are kept together at first and the writing of them is taught ns n unit, not as individuul letters. -4s l3uilt Words ilpprar they can be added to the writing 1t.ss011s. \I7c do not requit-c students to write Function Words and Sigh1 Wol-ds until they have brcome Built Words.

Drills for WI-iting can be done by the tcac11e1- dictating sentences or pllrascs th:tt Ciln t)e spelled using o ~ ~ l y Ictters :~nd endings that Ilave bten taught. I,iltcr t l i c ~ C;II~ hc i l ~ l i ~ d to t~lirlic up their ow11 srnte~tces, ;tnd es.eatually their 01\11 ~forics.

Step hy step instr~rctions in Englisll ;lrt on lllc nrxt pi~gc. hlicn instructions url I:~st pages of' the hook

Slrp by Stcp Instructiot~ f i~ r thc 'l'rachrr

1. I n priniel* 4 sowc Icssor~s llavc two p:lEes. Othrr Irssons II;I\~P only oric page. The nurn her at the to of thr p;lgr. is lhr 1,essoa number. the number at the bottoni o f t l ~ c pitpe is the page aumber. 1,ook at pages 20 and 21. I ' a~r 20 has a piclure, paEe 31 him drills. C'h first to the page with a picture and teach thc Key LVor(1 (kw.) (picture word) agi~iri. ILlve the students find the picture word on that page.

2. Next teach the phonic drills showing the studc~its how to hrenl; then1 down and build then1 up again. The phonic drills are used to teach thc daily ncw lettcr or tone ~niirli arid are taught in the break down build u p drills to tcach the Key Words (kw.) and the Built Words (w.b.) 'I'he Key Wurds are words that introducr ont new letter or ending o r tone mark The Built Words are words that are constructed using letters that have been taught, including the current lesson. Have the students look f i ~ r the key wurd (kw.) arid any Built Words elsewhere on either page.

3:If there arc phrase drills read these together until all can read them reasonably well. These phrase drills composed of Icunction Words (f-w.) and Sight Words (s.w.) along with the.words that naturally accompany them arc taught with flashcards, but enhanced by being taught in tile frame drills where either the word being taught is the constant, or it is replaced in the l.ramc! by other words that lit that slot. Other words used in the phrases must bc words the students have already Icarned.

4. 'Shen have the students read the story with as little htblp as possible.

5. At every lesson the teacher should review the prcviuus lessons, breaking down and building up the words, using the letters learned to make the old and some new words. i f thcre are 13uilt Words in the story for the day be sure to give special a t t~nt ion to them.

6. Writing sliauld be the kinesthetic niethud used to iaternalizc what has been learned by reading, Teach the students how to form each new initial consonant and each ending studied in this and previous lessons. Then give dictation from the book text to give the111 practice in writing. 1,atur tlii?y car1 be asked to write their own storius using the words they have Icarned or can build out of conlponents learned. At first it niight be well to provide them with small charis of the consonanls and endings learned to help thcm think which one they need to use to write the day's lesson.

c:

Yunh Cong buov liuz liangx, ninh nyei ndeic maaih norm njaangh, nqingh nquaiz camv nyei. Gauv Cong mingh caa nqingh nquaiz. Caa duqv camv nyei, dorh nruonx daaih dax jienv wuov, bun ninh nyei muoc mangc. Ninh nyei muoc zorqv daaih, dapv nzuih.

Nqingh nquaiz nqipv zuqc ninh nyei nzuih baengx. Yunh Cong zorqv wuov norm nqingh nquaiz maeqv nqoi longz, buav daaih, bun ninh nyei sieqv nyanc.

nqingh nquaiz nqing

ingh

nqingh nq uaiz nquaiz

uaiz

ingh o aan un nquingh nqo nqaan nqun

MINaix oix wetv lai-ndeic, mv maaih porng. Ninh mbuo mv gaengh duqv maaic maeqc, nyaanh mv gaux maaiz porng. MtNaix mingh tengx M'Laai l o r z zung porng wetv lai-ndeic.

Wetv lai-ndeic nzuonx daaih nyanc lungh aanx aeqv, zorqv porng an jienv wuov. Nyanc liuz hnaangx mingh taux aeqv, mv buatc porng milaqv. Lorz haaix ndau, yaac l o r z mv buatc. Mv hiuv duqv ninh dorn dorh mingh wetv mbiauz-njaangh.

POrng orng our ang aaix ornp: porngh poux pang paaix L

MIFeix nyei fu'jueiv gorngv mbuox MIFeix ninh mbuo oix nyanc njuov-ndaauv. MIFeix gorngv, "Oix nyanc yaac meih mbuo ganh mv haih beu. Yie mv o i x beu lorqc."

M'Naix caux jienv Guh Meix mingh gaeqv rlormh. Ninh mbuo ganh hoqc beu njuov- ndaauv. MIFeix njaaux ninh mbuo beu.

MIFeix gorngv, "Zorqv ga'nyongh buov saaiv daaih, caux jienv hmeiv comx dangh. Wetv daaih, an jienv slang, fuqv deix wuom, nyau daaih an jienv normh, zorqv deix orv, zorqv deix sung an jienv, beu. Beu daaih, dapv jienv caeng aqv."

Ninh mbuo ganh hoqc beu duqv longx nyei.

eu euv euv eux eux beu beuv ceuv ceux mbeux

jienv dangh

an jienv beu jicnv wetv jienv don jicnv maeqv jienv darll jienv zorqv jienv comx jienv

an dangh an dangh wetv dangh dox dangh rnaeqv dangh dorh dangh zorqv dangh comx dangh

lorqc mi'aqv

oix an lorqc oir an mi'aqv oix fuqv lorqc oix fuqv rni'aqv oix nyanc lorqc oix nyanc mi'aqv oix nqipv lorqc oix nqipv mi'aqv

Ong naaic gaax Yunh Fongc, "Meih nyei fanh z iu duqv camv nyei saah?"

Yunh Fongc gorngv, "Mv duqv camv lorqc. Ballaqc duih mbiungc haic. Fanh ziu mv haih siqv benx."

Ong aengx naaic gaax, "Meih mbuo kaangx duqv camv deix aqv?"

Yunh Fongc gorngv, "Mv duqv camv ni aa. Duqv biei biaa munc mv bei."

Ong gorngv, "Fanh z i u daaix maaih jaax-zinh longx nyei orqc ? "

Yunh Fongc gorngv, "Daaix longx nyei mv bei. Haaix zanc fanh z i u maiv camv nor aeqv, jaax-zinh gauh longx."

fanh ziu 11 iu iu i uv i uv iux ziu siu siuv fiuv fiux L

niaa

zuqc

mv bei

mv duqv camv niaa mv duqv camv mv bei mun camv nyei niaa mun camv mv bei maiv hiuv niaa maiv hiuv mv bei yie ganh tor niaa ninh oix tor mv bei mv gaengh wetv niaa mv gaengh wetv mv bei jaax-zinh maiv lonyx niaa jaax-zinh longx mv bei

haeqv zuqc mborqv zuqc buonv zuqc nqipv zuqc fuqv zuqc gorngv zuqc zong zuqc cuoqv zuqc

Mingh Nziaauc Janx Lor Hec Nyei Laangz

Cun-Orn mbuo i dorn-diex mingh wuov jiex Lor Hec laangz, maaSz deix dungz- dorn. Lor Hec laangz go nyei, ninh nyei nltsieqv dorn ziouc tengx beu hnaangx bun ninh mbuo. Ninh nyei m'sieqv dorn beu deix hnaangx-zaang, zong deix fanh ziu, yaac beu deix lai-nqungc-sui, aengx dapv norm guaa-wuom bun ninh nyei m'jangc dorn mbuo ndamh jauv nyanc.

Ninh mbuo mingh, mingh gau, taux ndamh j a w , ninh mbuo ziouc yiem wuov r~doqv-dorn nyanc hnaangx. Nyanc liuz hnaangx, aengx mingh dangh, duih mbiungc aqv. Nlnh mbuo lungh maanz deix cingx daaih taux Lor Hec laangz.

Ninh mbuo oix zuqc bueix wuov, rnv haih nzuonx. Diec ndorm ninh mbuo maaiz duqv i dauh dungz-dorn nyiex jienv nzuonx .

Dungz Dingx Laaih Nyei Gouv

(1 ga'maeqc (1

Yauz-Cing duqv galmaeqc camv nyei. Lamz yaac dapv buangv milaqv. Lamz ga'n- diev yaac maaih. Liuh gulnyuoz yaac maaih. Lamz ga'ndiev wuov deix maaih feix ziepc jui mv b e l . Liuh gulnyuoz wuov deix yaac maaih feix ziepc jui mv bei.

Jae, dungz yaac camv. Yauz-Clng zoux haaix nyungc yaac longx. Mv maaih haaix dauh hingh ninh.

ga'maeqc aeqc iev

maeqc ndiev a ' sie a'ndiev

Cun-Orn maaih dauh dungz-dorn dingx laaih mi'aqv. Dalnyeic hnoi aengx dingx laaih dauh. Cun-Orn naaic gaax Ong, "Zoux haaix nyungc dungz-dorn hnangv naaiv nor dingx laaih mv bei?"

Ong gorngv ninh malv hiuv. Daaix nda1- maauh ngaatc mv bei.

Zoux gau, dingx laaih taux da'faam dauh. Wuov dauh dongh Ong nyei. Ninh caux Cun-Orn ziouc mlngh l o r z aqv. Lorz gau, ninh mbuo mv buatc nda'maauh. Buatc diuh domh naang yiem wuov, naqv liuz Ong nyei dungz-dorn bueix jienv wuov.

Ninh mbuo ziouc buonv wuov diuh domh naang daic mingh. Nqalhaav ninh mbua nyei dungz-dorn mv dingx laaih aqv.

maeqc maauh a'sie

Saeng-Fuqv nyei dungz-dorn dingx laaih dauh rnilaqv. Ninh youz nyei yaac dingx laaih dauh. Ninh mbuo gorngv daaix nda'maauh ngaatc mv bei. Zoux gau, dungz-dorn aengx dingx laaih camv-dauh aqv, gorngv za'gengh oix zuqc mingh lorz gaax .

Ninh mbuo camv-dauh mingh lorz i buo nzunc, cingx daaih buatc nyanc dungz-dorn wuov dauh galnaaiv. Mingh dalnyeic nzunc aeqv, ninh mbuo buatc dungz-dorn- daic wuov lamz-ndiev, ninh nyei sin ndomh mau nyei. Wuov nzunc ninh mbuo hiuv aqv. Mv zeiz ndalmaauh aqv. Maaih diuh domh naang daaih nyanc dungz-dorn aqv.

Zoux gau, aengx dingx laaih dauh. Ninh mbuo aengx mingh lorz taux dalfaam nzunc wuov nzunc. Ninh mbuo ziouc buatc naaiv diuh domh! naang yiem loz-lamz gulnyuoz. Ninh mbuo gamh nziex haic. Saeng-Fuqv zorqv naaic diuh domh naang buonv d a i c mingh. Nqa'haav maiv maaih haaix nyungc nyanc ninh mbuo nyei dungz-dorn aqv.

126

Zuangx Lai

Ong-Cing oix zuangx lai. mv baac nl " dorngx zuangx. Ninh yaac maaih dungz camv nyei. Mv gunv zuangx haaix nyungc, dungz jiuc waaic nzengc.

Ong-Cing ziouc wetv nzong lai-ndeic, zoux laatc weih jienv. Ninh mv nangc haih zoux laatc, ninh nyei laatc mv benx.

Dungz haaix zanc yaac jiuc laatc gorn, zoux waaic laatc, bieqc gu'nyuoz nyanc rlzengc lai.

Ong-Cing mv haih fiungc zoux. Ninh ganh zoux laatc mv benx. Ninh oix zuqc cingv Yauz-Fei tengx ninh. Zoux jiex, cingx duqv lai nyanc.

aatc aatc aatc laatc mbaalc daatc

Gueix-Cing nyel mwsieqv dorn caux Yunh Fei nyei m'sieqv dorn zoux i muoz. Ninh mbuo haaix zanc yaac o i x buic gong. Ih hnoi ninh mbuo mingh Gueix-Cing nyei ndeic. Miev maiv nangc siex, mv baac normh ziu camv haic, lamx jienv galmaeqc. Gal- maeqc maiv haih benx.

Ninh mbuo i muoz ziangh hnoi pitv normh ziu, mv baac corc pitv mv gaengh nzengc. Ndeic jangv haic, oix zuqc pitv i buo hnoi cingx daaih ziangx. Pitv liuz Gueix-Cing nyei aeqv, ninh mbuo mingh pitv Yunh Fei nyei .

pitv itv itv itv itv pitv vitv zitv fitv

M'Manv mbuox ninh nyei maa zuangx deix lai-jaaix, daaih ipv deix lai-sui, zaqv liangx nyanc.

Ipv duqv lai-sui camv nyei, liouh zaqv liangx nyanc.

Nqa'haav MtManv gan Guh Meix mingh liangx. M'Manv nzutv deix lai-sui mingh zoux lungh aanx lai.

MIManv nyei maa gorngv mbuox ninh rlzutv camv deix, bun deix Guh Meix nyanc.

ixiq I utv utv utv I utv I I nzutv ndutv jutv I

I aqv iqv uqv ( I aatv itv utv 1

Dangc Ngor-Ngae

Lauv Uv caux Lauv Sux, ninh mbuo nyei die zoux norm ngor-ngaetv bun ninh mbuo dangc. Ninh mbuo mv gaengh d.angc jiex ngor-ngaetv. Zoux ziangx daaih aeqv, maaih dauh geh naaiv bung, maaih dauh geh wuov bung.

Ninh mbuo dangc gau. Lauv Uv mv hiuv duqv, ninh oix njiec ndau aeqv, maiv mbuox Lauv Sux.

Ninh njiec ndau, Lauv Sux ndortv, mborqv zuqc ninh nyei m'nqorngv dangx mingh. Nqa'haav ninh mv nangc o i x dango ngor-ngaetv.

ngor-ngaetv riTq ngor ngaetv ngongh

n aanc

hngaqv I aqv aqv aqv aqv aqv hngaqv baqv maqv mbaqv saqv gaetv gitv naetv nitv nutv

rnv gaengh

mv gaengh dangc mv gaengh mingh mv gaengh zoux nlv gaengh buonv mv gaengh pitv mv gaengh nzutv

corc aengx ziouc yaac

ninh corc dangc ngor-ngaetv ninh aengx dangc ngor-ngaetv ninh ziouc dangc ngor-ngaetv ninli yaac dangc ngor-ngaelv

Lauv 1Jv corc yiem ndcic I,auv IJv aengx yiem ndeic 1,auv Uv ziouc yieni ndeic 1,auv I Jv yaac yiem ndeic

lungh corc duih nibiungc lungh aengx duih mbiungc lungh ziouc duih mbiungc lungh yaac duih mbiungc

Butv Haa-Juangv Jiex Da'nyeic Dauh

M'Feix butv haa-juangv kouv nyei. Ninh zoux mv duqv gong, kungx bueix hnangv. Ninh yaac mv maaih ndie nyanc. Maaih i norm sin jorm ndie hnangv. Nyanc liuz sin jorm ndie, halz gauh longx delx, mv baac longx mv benx.

M'Feix nyei m'jangc dorn mingh lorz ndie bun ninh nyei m'sieqv dorn nyanc aengx lorz deix liouh jienv ninh ganh nyanc. Ninh hiuv duqv haaix dauh butv haa-juangv nor aeqv, butv haa-juangv nyei gaeng faix haih jiex da'nyeic dauh. Daaix ninh biaux mv ndutv naaiv nyungc baengc mv bei. Mv nangc lauh ninh yaac zalgengh butv aqv.

lamz ga'ndiev lamz gulnyuoz liuh gatndiev liuh gu'nyuaz biauv ga'ndiev biauv gulnyuoz

maaz-laanh ga'ndiev maaz-laanh gu'nyuoz

jae-longh ga'ndiev jae-longh gutnyuoz

mv nangc lauh mv gaengh lauh mv nangc longx mv gaengh longx rnv nangc zien mv gaengh zien mv nangc junc mv gaengh junc mv nangc njang mv gaengh njang

M i n g h G e m h Buonv O r v

Gauv Orn caux Sux Fuqv oix mingh gemh buonv orv. Ninh mbuo ziouc ndaam jienv ninh mbuo nyei die nyei congx mingh aqv .

Mingh, mingh gau, ninh mbuo buatc dauh mbopv tiux j ienv faaux wuov ndiangx. Gauv Orn ziouc buonv aqv. Ninh buonv congx, yaac mv zuqc. Mbopv biaux milaqv.

Aengx mingh, mingh dangh, ninh mbuo aengx buatc norm norqc wangh daah.

Gauv Orn aengx buonv congx, duqv norm norqc wangh daa. Ninh mbuo ziouc nzuonx aqv .

mbopv LEI mbo v ndo v

Yauz-Orn mbuo kungx gaatv mbiauh hnangv. Ninh mbuo mv oix japv. Ninh mbuo gorngv japv donc haic.

Cun-Orn mbuo kungx japv hnangv. Cun- . Orn gorngv, japv gauh donc, mv baac japv daaih gauh longx. Duih mbiungc yaac mv nzauh.

Cun-Orn gorngv liuz, Saeng-Ziou ziouc mv oix gaatv aqv. Nzauh heix duih mbiungc .

Ninh ziouc zoux duqv i kuv mbaqc hinx nzipv. Ninh m'gux gorngv mbaqc hinx nzipv ninh mv oix longc.

Saeng-Ziou gorngv, "Meih mv oix longc, yie ganh caux Laqc Gauv longc mbaqc hinx nzipv. Meih caux M'Naix longc wuuv nyungc nzipv."

nzipv Lipvl nziqv nzoqv mbaqv

langc nzipv japv mbiauh longc nzuqc gaatv mbiauh longc zouc nyanc hnaangx longc njiuv japv ndie , longc caeng zaang hnaangx longc lamz dapv cuqv longc buoz ndoqv zotv m'normh

nzipv jienv m'zing rlyouv nzotv, maiv bieqc hnyouv cuotv mingh haaz nyim r~yim ndortv nzuqc jauv norqc nzauz nyanc nzengc r~yutc cuotv daaih pui zuqv ndortv zuqv ndau longx, cuotv daaih ziangh duqv gitv.

D a a p c D o i x

MtLaai mbuox ninh nyei sieqv, "MtManv daapc doix oc. Mv daapc nor aeqv, mv maaih njang hnoi nyei hnaangx aqv." MtManv gorngv ninh mv o i x daapc. Ninh oix mingh gaeqv biouv. Ninh nyei maa gorngv oix mingh gaeqv biouv, daapc liuz doix, m'daaih mingh. MtManv daapc nzengc i bong cuqv, cingx daaih mingh gaeqv biouv.

MtManv nyei die caux LatGauv yaac oix daapc fiu. Ninh mbuo zuov mv duqv M1Manv daapc ziangx, ninh mbuo ziauc mingh Yunh Fongc nyei biauv daapc fiu.

daapc L'LJ -. .. . -

aapc aapc aapc daa pc laapc ngaapc

aatv atc atv ndaatc m batc datv

=Pv al'v al'v laapv mbapv mapv

ipv OPV orpc nzi pv nzopv ndorpc

iqv OqV orqv ziqv zoqv zarqv

iqc OqC orqc ziqv hoqc mborqc

M'Manv caux 1,a'Gauv lai caux mbiauz Saeng-Ziou caux meih ga'maeqc caux rnbiauh Yauz-Fei caur ninh Y auz-Cing cnux Cun-Om L,auv IJv caux I,auv Sux meih caux yie

Yauz-Wangc mbuo japv mbiauh aqv. Mv maaih lai nyanc, ninh mbuo daix dauh dungz zoux japv mbiauh lai. Daix daaih ninh mbuo ipv deix orv-sui, zoux deix orv- laapc .

MIBetv mbuo yaac lauh haic mv duqv orv nyanc aqv. Ninh mbuo bun deix orv MIBetv mbuo. MIBetv heuc nlnh nyei dorn daaih zorqv orv. Ninh dorn ndorpc jauv ringh mborqc mun mingh, dorh mv duqv orv. M'Betv ganh oix zuqc dorh orv nzuonx.

zoux gau longc gau mingh gau dau gau liouh gau jorm gau kouv gau waaic gau

gauh gauh gauh gauh gauh gauh gauh gauh

donc longx camv junc zaanc jorm kouv waaic

gaux gaux gaux gaux gaux gaux gaux gaux

nziang yaac maiv gaux

gaeqv yaac maiv gaux

maaiz yaac maiv gaux

zuangx yaac maiv gaux

nyanc longc maaic uix mbuoh j apv nziany beu

Yauz-Fei mingh gau gemh buonv mv duqv haaix nyungc. Ninh zorqv duqv norm norqc gorkv-darn, dorh nzuonx daaih bun ninh nyei fuljueiv longc. Fu'jueiv ndoh jienv norqc zaux bun ninh nzopc wuov domh gaengh gu'nguaaic.

Fu'jueiv hnoi-hnoi mingh lorz gaeng l c ~ r z biouv uix norqc korkv-dorn duqv camv-hnoi aqv.

wuov hnoi wuov zaric wuov IIZUIIC wuov ridiev wuov j i e x wuov nyuoz

wuov norm wuov danh wuov d i u h wuov d e i x wuov nzonl: wuov nyrlrlgc

%OIIX gall. rlortlc korkv (lor11 zurlgv h 1 o de ix i ~ q v

Wuov hnoi ninh mbuo mv yiem biauv. m'lomh n~ingh haeqv norqc korkv-dort~ ndortv. ndi lix dai c mi ' aqv .

norqc korkv

da'nyej c hnoi da'nyeic hlaax

da'faam hnoi da'nyeic dauh da'faam dauh

da'nyeic diuh

da'nyeic buonv (la ' f nam buonv

i hnoi i hlaax

huo hnoi i dauh

buo dauh

i diuh

i huoriv buo buonv

MtBetv U i x Dungz

MtBetv mbuo maaih dungz camv nyei, u i x mv hingh. MtBetv oix zouv dungz- siaaux, mv maaih dungz-miev-maeng aqv. Oix zuqc mingh go deix nyei lorz.

Ninh mbuo mingh lorz gau, buatc nzopv nakv, normh hlo nyei, nzueic nyei. Ninh mbuo ziouc gaeqv daaih nyiex jienv nzuonx zouv dungz-siaaux.

a h akv akv nakv j a b p a b

aqv aqv naqv haqv gaq c

apv apv aPv t!aPv ba pv sa pv

ma pv lapv - napv

atv atv atv niatv patv zatv

atc atc atc niatc Iratc zatc

137

Tekv Douz-Limh

-.

I yang-horv-tekv ]

Loz-hnoi nyei mienh mv rnaaih yang- horv. Ninh mbuo kungx tekv douz-limh hnan v. Ninh mbuo tekv douz-limh, aqc %uqv tekv haic. O i x mingh liangx, oix zuqc yiem biauv dorh jienv douz mingh.

Ih jaax nyei mienh maaih yang-horv- tekv. Mingh liangx, yaac mv zuqc dorh douz aqv. Maiv maaih nyaanh nyei mienh aeqv, maaiz yang-horv-tekv. Maaih nyaanh nyei mienh aeqv, maaiz yang-horv-patv.

ceqv

ekv tekv

ekv ekv ekv tekv cekv gekv

e'lv eqv eqv beqv ceqv zeqv

aqv iqv OqV qaqv ciqv coqv

akv ikv okv nakv dikv pa kv

*

102-hnoi yang-horv yang-horv-tekv douz- 1 imh dungz-miev dungz-dorn nyieh dorn yungh dorn fanh ziu-bunh

baeqv-nyei mbopv-dorn jiepv-dorn jiepv-ngongh nzipv-dorn fu'jueiv norqc korkv nzuqc dorn norqc jieh

maiv nyanc jiex maiv zuangx jiex maiv mingh jiex maiv bieqc jiex maiv tekv jiex maiv ziangh jiex maiv nzopc jiex maiv japv jiex maiv buangh jiex maiv hingh jiex maiv mbuox jiex maiv pitv jiex

jorm jiex ndaangc kouv jiex ndaangc camv jiex ndaangc

mbopv jiex jouh mingh jiex wuov ndiev mingh wuov jiex baengc jiex sin nyei jiex hnoi sienx fim jiex haaix? zoux jiex nyei

Butv Pokc

Liuz Zou nyei dorn-falx Lauv Baac sin butv pokc. Ninh nyei sin mv jorm. Kungx butv pokc hnangv. Lauv Baac yaac nyaaiv. Taatv nzengc mi'aqv. Ninh mbuo mingh gaeqv deix ndie-miev daaih bun Lauv Baac nzaaux sin. Hnangv naaiv nor longc ndie-miev nzaaux sin tengx camv nyel, mv baac mv halh longx malv nzengc. Maaih camv-norm dorngx Lauv Baac nyaaiv taatv, gunx nongc nzengc mingh. Mv halh longx.

Zoux gau, ninh nyei maa mbuo dorh ninh mingh bun janx-ndie-sai mangc. Ndie-sai tengx ninh mbuo an jienv ndie, corc maaih deix bun ninh nyanc. Nqal- haav mv lauh Lauv Baac longx nzengc mi 'aqv.

Maiv Maiv

Maaih Haaih

Hlauv Yiem

Mbuo mienh mv maaih hlauv nor aeqv, maiv haih yiem. Hlauv, yaac maaih camv nyungc hlauv. Maaih hlauv-bieqc, yaac maaih hlauv-mbiaangc, yaac maaih hlauv- yangh, yaac maaih hlauv-linh. Haaix nyungc hlauv yaac qiemx longc nyei.

Hlauv, mbiaec wuov zanc yaac zoux lai nyanc. Hlauv gox yaac haih longc zoux biauv, zoux lamz lo-haaix.

hlauv hlaax hleix hluo hlaaix

hlutv hlieqv hlaang hlang hlopv

Yaac haih longc hlauv zieqv ziqc, zieqv jui, zieqv haaix nyungc yaac duqv. Hlauv yaac haih longc zoux laatc, jaax jouh lo-haaix.

Yiem biauv qiemx zuqc longc nyei ga'naaiv, yaac longc hlauv zoux daaih. Zoux fanh ziu-bunk, zoux zouc, zoux wuom-ndongh, zoux ipv ga'naaiv-sui nyei ndongh .

Yiem baamh gen hnamv mingh, hnamv daaih, hlauv gauh maaih lamh longc jiex.

hlauv ruv ang mix orpv auv hlauv hlang hlaaix hlorpv

: L

haih zoux haiz longx nyei

haih yiem haiz kuv nyei

haih longc haiz mun nyei

haih puotv haiz oix nyei

haih bieqc haiz gorngv nyei

haih dangc haiz maaih nyei

haih nyaev haiz jorm nyei

Cun-Orn Buonv Ndienh Gouv

11 ndienh 1

Mienh camv nyei yiem Cun-Orn nyei biauv zueiz wuov douz-nzauc gorn gorngv waac a'nziaauc. Naix Orn tiux jienv nzuonx daaih gorngv, " A a Die aah ! Aa Die aah ! Nqongh dcix mingh buonv ndienh. Yie buatc dauh ndienh bueix jienv wuov ndiangx. Ninh mlnjormh mi'aqv."

cun-Orn ziouc nquaqv sin, baeng congx tiux gan jienv Naix Orn mingh.

nyanc liuz zuangx liuz bieqc liuz nzaaux liuz puotv liuz ndoh liuz butv liuz dangx liuz

nyanc mi 'aqv zuangx milaqv bieqc milaqv nzaaux mi ' aqv puotv mi 'aqv ndoh mi'aqv butv mi'aqv dangx milaqv

Mingh taux ndiangx-gorn aeqv, zal- gengh buatc ndienh bueix wuov ndiangx. Cun-Orn buonv liuz biei congx, cingx daaih buonv ndortv mingh. Ninh mbuo njiec mingh mangc buatc duqv dauh domh ndienh gouv. Naix Orn nyiex zungv mv dongz .

ndienh ien h

ienh ien ienx ienv ndienh cien fienx rnienv

2

ien ien ien jienv rnienv pienx hienv lienh nd ienh fienx m bienv

gunv buonv gunv zoqc gunv nyanc gunv kouv gunv mangc gunv oix gunv zoux gunv camv gunv camv gunv zaanc gunv mingh gunv go gunv bieqc gunv ndo gunv ndaix gunv hlang gunv hoqc gunv haih gunv faaux gunv hlang gunv baqv gunv ndo

Janx Nimc M8Feix Nyei Sou-fienx Jiemh

M'Feix Linh maaih dauh dorn daaih gorngv ziangh ninh mi'aqv.

Ninh zoux sieqv yiem-biauv. Ninh yiem biauv congx-congx. Ninh nyel sou- fienx jiemh, haaix zanc yaac dangh jienv nyei. Wuov hnoi ninh zorqv daaih an jienv congx-beu-ndaan. Congx gau congx o i x m'njormh haic, ninh bueix mingh.

Maaih dauh janx nimc ninh nyei sou-fienx jiemh mi'aqv. Kaux bangc ninh nyei ja'waanh, ninh mv zorqv an wuov congx-beu-ndaan.

jiemh Ll iemh iem i~nv iemc J iemh jiem jiemv Jiemc ie ie ie ie iem iem iem iem . . jlemv liemh siemv nyiemv

L

Lorz duqv buatc mbuoqc ziex joux waac?

p a h y n g o r - n g a e t v w v c y

q b l o d m m b u o x p l j n q o x u

r w a z i k b u o r n d p i t v p o r

s u u h e l t s o q n d a e n g o u x

: t i v s n y a u z c t o v m n d a u v + u x o t h o u x p i d i e h c a u x a

p q i n g h n q u a i d l n y e i

w z v n o q m b o p v n o l a u b e u

x i a o u z a u x m b o r q v n j o x

y p o r n g n d a c s o u l a u h m a

z v a u a p o r h d a e p a n c o u d

a p a e k d o r l g a ' m a e q c i e

b z u t v t a e n g v s i t m ' b a a

c l o n g k f a n h z i u c s u i x

d a b n d a a p c d o i x y n a u z

f e y a n g - h a r v - t e k v s a i

Jiepv Aav lamh D e i x Zutv aqv

Ih jaax yiem mbuo nyei guoqv, jiepv aav lamh deix zutc aqv. Maaih deix mienh liemh mv buatc jiex jiepv. Zjnh ndaangc yiem mbuo nyei guoqv maaih jiepv camv nyei, mv baac mienh a'loc mingh buonv nyanc. Buonv daic jiepv-nyeiz nor aeqv, jiepv-dorn yaac oix zuqc daic. Gunv buonv, gunv zoqc. Ih zanc mbuo nyei guoqv aav lamh deix mv rnaaih jiepv aqv.

Jiepv maaih camv nyungc nyei. Maaih jiepv-ngongh, maaih jiepv-dungz, maaih jiepv-juv. Oix zuqc mv dungx nangc buonv jiepv, bun jiepv aengx haih camv daaih. Mbuo manc-manc gauh duqv orv nyanc camv.

jiepv Ll jiepc nzie pc jiepv-nyeiz jiepv gauv jiepv-ngongh jiepv-dune jiepv-juv jiep-dorn

'c/F?5+++ //

Maa caauv ,

M'Manv naaic gaax ninh nyei maa, "Maa oix yie zouv haaix nyungc lai?"

MIManv nyei maa gorngv, "Mv maaih haaix nyungc lai. Oix zuqc lalguaih fietv i ziex norm baldaatc daaih caauv hnangv. " MIManv ziouc zorqv nzuqc daaih fietv zuqc ninh nyei buoz.

Ninh nyei maa tengx ninh mborqv deix tai-miev an jienv, tengx ninh beu jienv buoz. Ninh nyei maa ganh fietv ba'daatc daaih caauv.

-1 I ietv ietv ietv 1 I ietv I I fietv m bietv nlietv

Z i e p c D a u h Fun

MICietv maaih biei dauh fu'jueiv, maaih ziepc dauh fun. Ninh nyei dauh dauh fun hnamv haic ninh. Haaix nyungc gong yaac o l x tengx nlnh zoux. Maaih deix tengx ninh wetv ndau, zuangx lai. Maaih deix tengx ninh hnoi-hnoi pietv wuom. Buatc maaih haaix nyungc gong ninh zoux mlduqv, fai zoux mv hingh nor aeqv, ninh mbuo yaac tengx.

Laangz zangc mienh mbuoqc horngh haic naaiv deix fu'jueiv, ndongc naaic hnamv ninh mbua nyei gux. M'Cietv yaac hnamv ninh nyei fun nyei. Maaih haaix nyungc biouv, njuov, lai lo haaix, ninh yaac bun deix ninh mbuo nyanc.

H n a a n s x Maiv G a u x Nyanc

Hnaangx mv gaux nyanc, oix zuqc zoux deix hnaangx-mbuonv caux jienv nyanc. Mv zoux hnaangx-mbuonv yoc hnaangx mv gaux nyanc. Zoux hnaangx-mbuonv yoc guangc gong haic. Lungh hnoi oix zuqc cih laanh mienh yiem biauv zoux hnaangx-mbuonv.

MINaix naalc gaax, "Haaix dauh yiem biauv zoux hnaangx-mbuonv?"

MIManv gorngv, "MIFaam gauh maaih noic, zoux daaih, yaac gauh kuv deix. Bun MIFaam yiem biauv zoux hnaangx- mbuonv. "

Haaix dauh yaac youx haaic, mv oix zoux hnaangx-mbuonv. Kungx tui bun MIFaam zoux hnangv.

klnaangx-m buonv m buonv

uonv uunv uanv rn buonv buonv muonv

2 .

UO UO UO UO UO UO

buo mbuo ZUO nzuo juo njuo buov rnbuov zuov nzuov juov njuov buon mbuon zuon njuon juon njuon buonv mbuonv zuonv nzuonv juonv njuonv buonx mbuonx zuonx nzuonx juonx qjuonx

maiv gaux maiv butv maiv wuotv maiv jiez maiv buic maiv zuangx maiv haih maiv mborqv

m ' nqorngv m'njormh m ' jangc m ' lomh m'sieqv m'normh

aav lamh a'loc aqc duqv

mv gaux mv butv mv wuo tv mv jiez mv buic mv zuangx mv haih mv mborqv

mv nangc mv duqv mv gaengh mv dungx mv baac mv z e i z .

Aa die aac Aa die aah Gux aac

N-j aaux Fu' 3 u e i v Puotv Ndau

MILaai nyei biauv mv nangc forqv. Ninh alloc njaaux ninh nyei fuljueiv puotv ndau. Mv gunv ninh ong sunx nzuqv, nqen galnaaiv forqv ndau, ninh a'loc njaaux ninh nyei fuljueiv puotv ndau. MILaai maaih noic njaaux fuljueiv. Haaix zanc ninh heuc fu'jueiv puotv ndau nor aeqv, ninh zorqv gaanv daaih cunv jienv fuljueiv.

M'Laai maaih noic njaaux fu'jueiv. Ninh nyei fu'jueiv dauh dauh ziangh horngh haic.

puotv pj uotv uotv uotv cootv puotv muotv kuotv uotv uoqv uoqv uoqv uoqv puoqv muuyv guuqv cuoqv P

147

Douz-hnyuotv Nzengc Aqv

Douz-hnyuotv buov o i x nzcngc aqv. Cun-Orn mv yiem. M'Laai ziouc mbuox Gauv Orn mingh jamv nqanx douz-hnyuotv. Ninh mbuox ninh dorn jamv faix deix yaac duqv.

Gauv Orn ziouc dorh jienv bouv m i r l g h jamv aqv. Ninh lorz duqv nqanx hlo deix nyei, ziouc jamv aqv. Jamv daaih ninh ndaam jienv nzuonx.

Nzuonx gau, ninh caaiv zuqc ndau- kuotv, wuotv zuqc ninh nyei zaux mun haic. Ninh ndaam mv duqv douz-hnyuotv aqv. Laav kekv! laav kekv nyei nzuonx taux biauv. MILaai o i x zuqc zuov Cun-Orn nzuonx daaih, cingx daaih duqv douz- hnyuo t v buov .

hnyuotv uotv

uotv ouv angx hnyuotv hnyouv hnyangx

hnyuov hnyouv hnyuotv hnyuoqv yuov youv yuotv yuoqv

oix ruqc zuov oix ruqc nzuonx oix zuqc caaiv zuqc oix zuqc mingh

caaiv zuqc buonv zuqc mborqv zuqc wuotv zuqc

C u r l - - . - Z 3 o u

D a a v Malv C u o t v

Za' e i x

Bu'hnyangx dungz longx nyei, mv baac ih hnyangx ninh mbuo zanc-zanc butv baengc. Laangz zangc mienh ziouc wuonx jienv ninh mbuo nyei dungz aqv. Mv baac Cun-Ziou mbuo nyei dungz, maaih dauh ninh mbuo wuonx mv jienv. Hnangv haaix wuonx, hnangv haaix ndoh wuov dauh dungz, yaac haih cuotv nyei. Cuotv daaih, dungz yaac jiex naaiv, jiex wuov, jiuv waaic mienh nyei laatc, nyanc ninh mbuo nyei lai. Cun-Ziau hnyouv mv longx.

Mv zeiz ninh oix ninh nyei dungz dorngc, mv baac ninh daav maiv cuotv za'eix wuonx duqv jienv. Laangz zangc mienh yaac gorngv ninh mbuo camv nyei. Ninh yaac nzauh heix mienh buonv ninh nyei dungz mv bei. Zoux gau, ninh ganh oix zuqc daix ninh ganh nyei dungz nyanc aqv .

Janx-Lor Hec Maaic Jiepv-Hmei

Cun-Orn mbuo i hmuangv mingh wuov jiex Lor Hec laangz maaiz deix jiepv- hmel. Janx-Lor Hec buonv duqv dauh jiepv, mv baac ninh mbuo mv nangc nyanc jiepv- orv. Ninh mbuo ziouc maaic zaanc deix nyel. Ih hnyangx dungz yaac butv baengc nyei, daic nzengc aqv. Maaiz dungz-hmei, hmel yaac jaaix.

Cun-Orn mbuo i hmuangv ziouc mingh larz deix jiepv-hmei. Jiepv-hmei ndaang nyei, hnangv dungz-hmei nor, mv zueix yietc deix. Nyanc kuv nyei.

hmuangv El hmuangv hmeiv hman hrnien muangv meiv man mien angv eiv an ien ang . ei . a . ie . "g a . ei . a . ie .

150

Maa Njaaux MINaix Qouv Maeqc Dongx

M'Naix mbuox ninh nyei rnaa ninh oix qouv deix maeqc dongx nyanc. Ninh nyei maa naaic gaax ninh, "Qouv maeqc ziqv fai qouv maeqc mbiutc?"

MINaix mbuox ninh nyei maa, "Oix nyanc haaix nyungc aeqv, qouv haaix nyungc . "

Ninh nyei rnaa gorngv, "Maeqc ziqv gauh kuv deix." M'Naix naaic ninh nyei maa, "An dorngh fai an nzauv?"

Ninh nyei rnaa gorngv oix an nzauv. Ninh qouv daaih, ndamv deix cuotv daaih ninh ganh nyanc. Maaih deix an dorngh bun ninh nyel rnaa nyanc.

OUV

MtNaix mbuox ninh nyei maa ninh o i x qouv deix maeqc dongx nyanc.

M'Naix mbuox ninh nyei maa, " Y i e oix qouv deix maeqc dongx nyanc."

Maa mbuox M'Naix ninh oix nyanc haaix nyungc, ninh o i x qouv haajx nyungc.

Maa mbuox MtNaix, "Oix nyanc haaix nyungc aeqv, qouv haaix nyungc."

151

I32 u r ~ H 1 o . f ai H i un Faix

Mbua Yiu-Mienh m'sieqv dorn oix zuqc dangh hiun. Loz-hnoi mienh dangh hiun hlo nyei. Maaih deix maaih, feix zinh, maih delx maaih hmz zinh. Ih jaax mienh nyei hiun faix nyei. Yietc doix maaih yietc zinh, nyeic zinh hnangv. Loz-hnoi hiun gauh hlo, mv baac gauh zaanc. Ih jaax nyei hiun gauh faix, corc gauh jaaix.

Loz-hnoi nyei hiun feix zinh, hmz zinh, maaic nyeic faa-ziepc mbaatv hnangv. Ih jaax mienh nyei hiun yietc zinh, nyeic zinh maaic taux faa-ziepc, feix-ziepc.

hiun

152

Saeng-Clng Nyei H u i n g x

Saeng-Clng nyei huingx ninh mbuo maiv nangc zuangx lai. Ninh mbuo gauh oix zuangx biouv. Lai-njoux biouv ninh mbuo yaac zuangx camv nyei. Ih hnyangx daaix ninh mbuo duqv baeqv-hmz norm mv bei.

Maqv-morng biouv ninh mbuo yaac maaih nyei. Ndiangx mv nangc hlo, mv baac biouv gitv nyei. Dor-nor-nih yaac maaih.

Normh ziu-biouv yaac maaih camv nyei. Ninh mbuo nyei huingx zatgengh kuh mangc haic. Huingx yaac weih jienv, laatc longx nyei. Dungz mv haih bieqc. Haaix dauh yaac mingh mangc ninh nyei huingx, mv baac mv maaih haaix dauh nyei huingx ndongc Saeng-Cing nyei. Ninh nyei huingx maaih baeqv-hmz zamh mv bei.

huingx

huei

i hnoi i buo hnoi 3h hnoi

102-hnoi lungh hnoi

njang-hnoi ziangh hnoi

datnyeic hnoi zouc-hnoi

153

H n g a q v D u n g z - M i ev

MINgingv yiem wuov hngaqv dungz-miev. Ninh o i x mingh nziaauc, ninh mv oix zoux gong. M'Ngingv nyei maa oix M'Ngingv zoux ziangh horngh nyei fuljueiv, mv oix ninh la'guaih mingh nziaauc.

MIJouh daaih heuc MINgingv caux ninh mingh gaeqv maqc morng biouv. M'Ngingv hiuv duqv ninh hngaqv dungz-miev mv gaengh ziangx, ninh mv duqv mingh. Ninh mv oix zoux gong, haiz qiex jiez nyei.

Ninh mv mangc ninh nyei gong, ziouc lalguaih hngaqv tin hngaqv deic nyei. Hngaqv zuqc ninh nyei buoz, cuotv rlziaamv siqv nzengc mingh.

Ninh nyei maa tengx ninh nzaaux nzengc nziaamv, zorqv deix ndie-mbuov an jienv, tengx ninh beu jienv. M'Ngingv duqv i buo hnoi.mv zuqc zoux gong. Liemh biouv yaac mingh gaeqv mv duqv.

hngaqv .4'( aqv ongx anr hn~aqv hngongx hnganr _r mv nangc hlo mv nangc kuv

mv nangc lauh mv nangc longx

mv nangc oix mv nangc nzauh

mv nangc siqv mv nangc jaaix

Gauv Orrr Tengx O n g P3qv Z a a n g h

Ong gorngv ninh halz kouv! kouv wuov, mv o i x dongz. Zaangh yaac mv maaih aqv. Haiz lueic!-lueic wuov. Mv o l x mingh piqv zaangh. Gauv Orn mbuox ninh nyei Ong mv oix piqv, ninh tengx ninh nyei ong piqv. Gauv Orn gorngv liuz, ninh mingh piqv duqv buix zaangh bun ninh nyei ong. Ninh nyei ong yaac hnamv Gauv Orn.

Gauv Orn tengx ninh nyei ong piqv liuz zaangh aeqv, mingh Meix Fongc nyei biauv nziaauc. Buatc Meix Fongc nzauh! nzauh wuov. Gauv Orn naaic gaax Meix Fongc, "Buatc daaix nzauh! nzauh wuov niaa. Zoux haaix nyungc nzauh laeh?"

Meix Fongc gorngv ninh hnamv zuqc ninh ganh hnangv, mv maaih muoz-doic, haiz nzauh haic.

.Ong gorngv haiz oix nyanc normh ziu- biouv nyei niaa. "Gauv aac, meih mingh mangc gaax, normh ziu-biouv. Zuoqc nyei fai maiv zuoqc? Zuoqc nor aeqv, goix daaih nyanc gaax."

Gauv Orn mingh mangc. Maaih zungh zuoqc daaih, ndienh nyanc nzengc mi'aqv. Gauv Orn nzuonx daaih mbuox ninh nyei ong maaih zungh zuoqc daaih, ndienh nyanc nzengc mi'aqv.. Ong naaic,gaax, "Ndienh nyanc nzengc mi'aqv?"

Gauv 0rn gorngv, "Aeqc, ndienh nyanc nzengc mi'aqv."

-. . .

Ong gorngv mbuox Gauv O m , "Aengx mingh mangc gaax, wuov huaav wuov zungh 11, : !ti ziu-aiv ! "

Gauv-Orn garngv, "Normh zlu-aiv yaac mv gaengh zuoqc lorqc. Aaqc hnoi yie taux nyei . "

GAENG-WAEN MV M A A I H J A A N G H NYEI GOUV

Norqc guv long gorngv, "Maa-gorkv biouv zuoqc aqv norh", nduov jung daaih nyanc. Gaeng-Waen yoc yiem wuov nda'waen nda'waen heuc. Jung haiz gaeng-waen gorngv, "Nqorngh caa, nqorngh caa norh". Yangh jutc yaac yicm wuov ga'jakv! gal- jakv nyei heuc.

. A

Jung haiz gaeng-waen gorngv, "Nqorngh caa, nqorngh caa norh." Yoc haiz yangh jutc gorngv, "Oix zuqc zorqv, o i x zuqc zorqv norh." Haeqv jung ziouc tiux caaiv zuqc sopc luangh dangx.

Sopc njangx mingh mborqv zuqc saqv-- ndongh kung. Saqv bieqc norqc jae nyei mlzing. Norqc jae mangc mv buatc, la1- guaih mbuonc zuqc nziouv-muotc cuotv.

Nziouv-muotc nzaanx mingh danx naang. Naang mun daaih, mv lamh kaux, lalguaih nzunx jienv mingh gau, nzunx bieqc mbopv nyei zunh, haeqv mbopv tiux cuatv.

Mbopv tiux cuotv mingh, yoc nzauh heix naang nyanc ninh nyei dorn. Mbopv qiex! jiez haic, ngaatc biouv-youh ndortv. Yoc maaih dauh ong mingh gemh bueix wuov galndiev.

Biouv-youh ndortv mborqv zuqc wuov dauh ong nyei in-dang kung, dang-ziux huv. Wuov dauh ong qiex jiez haic, oix buonv mbopv aqv. Nqemh mbopv ngaatc biouv-youh ndortv mborqv ninh nyei in- dang norh.

Mbopv gorngv, "Ov mv dungx buonv yie. Maiv zeiz yie ganh ngaatc. Laaix naang bieqc yie nyei zunh, naang nyanc yie nyei dorn aqv mv bei, yie cingx daaih qiex jiez haic, ngaatc biouv-youh ndortv."

Mbopv heuc wuov dauh ong, "Oix gorngv sic aeqv, mingh caux naang gorngv." Wuov dauh ong mingh caux naany bungx leiz.

Naang yoc gorngv, "Laaix nziouv-muotc d?ll:, , :e, yie maiv lamh kaux, cingx daaih bieqc mbopv nyei zunh." Naang mbuox wuov dauh ong, I1Gorngv leiz aeqv, mingh caux nziouv-muotc gorngv." Wuov dauh ong aengx mingh caux nziouv-muotc bungx leiz.

Wuov dauh ong naaic gaax nziouv- muotc, "Zoux haaix nyungc danx naang?" Nziouv-muotc gorngv, "Norqc jae ganh mbuonc yie mbuo cuotv daaih, nzaanx nzengc, mingh buangh zuqc naang."

"Laaic naang zoux hoic y i e mbuo, yie mbuo cingx daaih danx naang. Nqalhaav cingx daalh hiuv duqv norqc jae mbuonc yie mbuo cuotv." Nziouv-muotc mbuox wuov dauh ong, "Oix gorngv leiz aeqv, mingh caux norqc jae gorngv."

Wuov dauh ong mingh caux norqc jae bungx leiz. Norqc jae gorngv, "Mv zeiz yie olx zoux dorngc nziouv-muotc. Saqv bieqc yle nyei mtzing, yie mangc mv buatc, cingx daaih mbuonc zuqc nziouv-muotc." Norqc jae mbuox wuov dauh ong, "Meih oix gorngv haaix nyungc aeqv, mingh caux saqv gorngv."

Wuov dauh ong aengx mingh caux saqv gorngv. Saqv yaac gorngv, "Laaix sopc mborqv zuqc yie cuotv, cingx daaih bieqo norqc jae nyei m'zing." Wuov dauh ong aengx mingh caux sopc gorngv. Sopc yaac fih hnangv nyei gorngv, "Laaix jung caaiv yie, yie cingx daaih njangx." Wuov dauh ong aengx mingh caux jung gorngv leiz.

Jung gorngv, "Ov, yie ba'laqc gamh nziex haic, cingx daaih dorngc sic. Laaix norqc guv long gorngv, 'Maa-gorkv biouv zuoqc aqvl, nduov yie mingh nyanc.

"Gaeng-waen yoc gorngv, 'Nqorngh caa, nqorngh caa'. Yangh jutc yoc gorngv, ' O i x zuqc zorqv, o i x zuqc zorqv', gaeng-waen caux yangh jutc gorngv, 'Oix zorqvt yie ba'laqc gamh nziex haic. Yie biaux, cingx daaih caaiv zuqc sopc luangh dangx. "

Wuov dauh ong mingh heuc norqc guv long, caux gaeng-waen, caux yangh jutc daaih bungx leiz.

Bungx gau leiz, ndortv norqc guv long, caux gaeng-waen, caux yangh jutc mi'aqv.

Norqc guv long aeqv, zuqc ninh mbuo 'mborqv sung daaih nanv sung-wuom laapc ninh nyei mlzing. Sung-wuom laapc liuz ninh nyei mlzing, cingx daaih njangx junh nyei .

Yangh jutc aeqv, ninh mbuo dorh mingh jaamh duqv ninh jaang-ndiev ngai yangh nyei .

Gaeng-waen aeqv, zuqc ninh mbuo zorqv ninh nyei jaangh wetv cuotv nzengc mi- Iaqv. Ih zanc gaeng-waen cingx daaih mv maaih jaangh.

Naaiv minc yietc zungv se daqv 4 buonv Zieyv Nzangc Sou nyei

siar~g jienv haic nyei waac Ij.w.1.

nqingh nquaiz porng Jeu fanh ziu - ga ' rnaeqc laatc pitv nzutv ngor-ngaetv mbopv nz i pv daapc doix norqc korkv nakv yang-horv- tekv hlauv ndienh jiernh f ietv mbuonv puotv hnyuotv i hmuangv - qouv hiun huin~x hn~aqv

crab hoe (western style) package or to wrap red peppers corn fence chop off with kriife tie top of a bag teeter-totter squirrel rice cuttlng knife mill rice hornbi 11 edible vine matches bamboo weasel. civet cat(?) bracelet to peel flour to sweep fire log a married couple stir earrings garden chop

Yiem- naaiv j i e x mingh virt1.c z u ~ l p v sc ' Daqv 4 huonv Zieqv Nzangc Sou nyei siang waac.

se w.g.. w.s. w.b. loh haaix

1 i angx uncleared field ndeic dry field (not paddy) n jaangh pond, pool dox to pour out muoc boy's younger sister mangc look at dapv to put in nzuih mouth nzuih baengx lips nq i pv snap on to maeqc nqoi to pull apart nqo i open longz shell wetv to dig or chop buatc to see lungh aanx afternoon mbiauz-njaangh fish pond fu'jueiv child njuov-ndaauv long rice cake Guh Meix Older Sister hoqc to learn n j aaux to teach ga ' nyongh stalks of rice hmeiv uncooked hulled ricr: comx to pound in mortar

and pestal an to put in f uqv to sprinkle nyatl to pjck up with fingers orv meat sung gi nger caeng wok ba ' laqc very much duih mbiungc to rain s i qv benx to dry kaarrgx to dry or roast niaa a f f irmative.exclamatory daaix 'it so happens' jaax-zinh price

orqc? q u e s t i o n a € f i r m a t i v e atls Lor Hec Lahu people l a a n g z . v i l l a g e go fa r hnaangx-zaang steamed r ice la i -nqungc-sui p i c k 1 e d v e g e t a b l e guaa -wuom cucumber ndamh jauv h a l f way dangh a moment. a minute lungh maanz l a t e a f t e r n o o n b u e i x l i e down, s l e e p d i e c ndorm next morning buangv f u l l gu ' nyuoz i n s i d e ziepc t e n h ingh t o overcome.do more t h a n d ingx l aa ih to l o s e o r be l o s t d a ' n y e i c t h e second h i u v to know nda ' maauh t i g e r n g a a t c b i t e dongh is domh b i g naqv swallow buonv to s h o o t da i c da i c youz man's younger bro the r za ' gengh t r u l y nzunc a t i m e ga ' n a a i v a t h i n g s i n body ndomh mau v e r y weak 102-lamz o l d g r a n a r y gamh nziex be a f r a id dorngx a place mv gunv even i f j i u c r o o t e d up l a i - n d e i c v e g e t a b l e weih j i e n v to fence i n mv nangc n o t able - mv benx n o t good

maiv haih fiungc c i rigv i muoz buic 1 amx ziangh hnoi mv gaengh pi tv normh ziu jangv mbuox 1 PV lai-sui zaqv liangx liouh Lauv Uv Lauv Sux dangc naaiv bung wuov bung n jiec ndau ndortv m'nqorngv dangx butv haa-juangv m'jangc dorn gaeng faix mv ndutv ndaam tiux f aaux norqc wangh daah gaatv j apv donc mbaqc hinx nzipv

kuv n jang--hnoi daapc doix m'daaih cuqv f i c ~ ZI lOV

orv-sui

no way to do to hire 2 siblings share in overgrown all day not yet done cut banana wide. large tell. told to pickle pickled vegetable clear fields save especially for Fifth Son Fourth Son to teeter this side that side to get down to fall from a height cracked (his) head caught the flu male. man small bug or worm not able to be rid of carry over shoulder to run to go up hornbi 11 cut with a big k r ~ j f e cut with scissor motion slowly small knife to harvest

rice NA with scissor:; tomarrow mill rice with foot mill [ I ) think that . . . . unhulled r ice gun powder to wait p i c k l e d meat

orv-laapc raw meat dish ndorpc . fall down ndorpc jau fall one time cingh mborqc knee gen~ll forest nzopc to light (as a bird) gu'nguaaic on top of m'lomh ca t ndiux daic die by hanging dungz-siaaux hog slop/feed nzopv a patch of vegetable douz-1 imh flint aqc duqv difficult douz fire tekv to strike as a match patv to pluck or flick yang-horv-patv cigarette lighter butv pokc rash like chicken pox nyaaiv to scratch taatv abrazed nzaaux wash nzaaux sin take a bath gunx nongc infected (with pus1 janx-ndie-sai foreign doctor hlauv-bieqc a kind of bamboo hlauv-mbiaangc a kind of bamboo h1,auv-yangh a kind of bamboo hlauv-linh a kind of bamboo rnbiaic bamboo shoots gox old jaax jouh build a bridge fanh ziu-bunh mortar ndongh a can. container wuom-ndongh water container lamh longc useful douz-nzauc fireside a'nziaauc do for pleasure nqongh quickly! nquaqv sin jumped up njiec go down gouv male dongz to move the body sou-fienx jiemh engagement bracelets congx-beu-ndaan embroidery baskr! t. ja ' waanh silver neck ring

6 3

zoqc ih jaax guoqv aav lamh zutc liemh ndaangc a' loc j iepv jiepv-nyeiz jiepv-ngongh jiepv-dungz j iepv- juv la'guaih ba ' daatc tai-miev fun pietv mbuoqc horngh ndongc hnaangx-mbuanv guangc guangc gong cih noic youx tui sunx nzuqv nqen nqen ga'naaiv f orqv forqv ndau gaanv cunv ziangh horngh j amv nqanx douz hnyuotv caaiv ndau-kuotv 1 aav kekv bu ' hnyangx butv baengc mv zeiz daav za'eix

less. smaller in this age country almost disappeared. none left including before of ten bear mother bear ' COW bear ' 'pig bear ' ' dog bear ' carelessly. do anyway vegetable like okra Thai grass grandchild to sprinkle water amazed. surprised thus rice flour throw away take off work leave behind patience disgusted, bored leave to another to do stripping bamboo ties shavings shavings cluttered clutter the floor quickly give. hold out to well behaved to chop sections of log fire logs to step on hole in the floor limping last year get sick not . make a decision

64

daav nlv cuotv za'eix

jiepv-hmei - j i cpv-orv zaanc jaaix ndaang zueix qauv dongx maeqv ziqv maeqv mbiutc dorngh ndarnv Yiu-Mienh dangh hi un z inh doix faa-ziepc rnbaatv lai-njoux biouv baeqv-hmz maqv morng biouv gi tv dor-nor-nih normh ziu-biuuv kuh mangc zamh qiex j i e z nziaamv siqv hngaqv tin hngaqv deic ndie-mbuov lueic piqv zaangl~ muoz-doic buix

zuoqc go i x wuov hunav normh ziu-aiv

can't make a decision can ' t make a plan

bear grease bear meat cheap expensive fragrant stink stir gruel. mush ordinary corn glutinous corn brown sugar dip out our branch of Mienh wear earrings 'ounce. gram' pair thirty baht (Thai money) pineapple 150 mangoes plentiful guava banana pretty about 2 yards get angry bloody. red blood

curse heaven and earth grey cloth lazy chop kindling - relatives carry on back as f j I-ewood or carry as a shoulder trag ripe to cut down a tree yonder banana (short t r e e )

Pages 54--58 = Fable (no glossary)

1 engr r 111-aaeng njaaux

Naaiv buonv siang-sou fiev daaih longc njaai~x damh niicnh', doqc sou. kInangv naaiv se nraiv hnungv fu:jueiv nyei sou gorngv gouv kuv zt'nziaauc haic. Mv b m c sou gorngv taux mienh yie~ll loz-dorngrr se hnangv haaix nor, yaac duqv tengx horqc saeng hiuv deix ninll mbuo nyei loz-dorngx hnangv hnaix nor.

1. IIorpc zuqc longc liasix diuc jsuv longc naaiv buonv sou njaaux horqc saeng zieqv duqv ninh mbuo ganll nyei waac, yaac doqc duqv cuolv Mienh sou sc hnangv naaic:

Yiem gu'ngunaic yietc kang sc ~naaih ninh nyei nlber, ga'ndiev nyei mber se min nyei mber. Maaih deix yietc kang maaih i min, niaaill deix kungx maaih yietc nlin hnangv. Mangc 133 h n g se yiem 20

, caux 21 nlin. 20 wuovniin niaaih fungr, 21 wuov mi11 lkiaaih dongh njaaur yietc joux yietc joux wuov nyungc. Oix zuqc njaaux ndaangc fangx nyei WaiIC. L o n naaiv joux waac yien~ marrih fangx nyei gouv gu'nyuov, bun horqc saeng rnangc gsax hsih Ion duqv bu'zicx IIZUIIC. .

2. ],on gau, jiex n~ingh tnux wuov pin sou manih njnuux yietc joux, yietc jpux nyei waac, njnaux nyungc-nyungc siang-wauc. Milill 4 nyungc waac njuilux

3. Njaaux da'yietv, da'nyeic se lina~lgv naaiv njaaux.

A. Maaih nyungc heuc "longc jienv nyei wauc" fni ujienv wanc", (i.w.) se siung-waac, yaac kungx longc siang-nzangc hnangv, lienhll nzangc- nlaac, licnlh nzangc-puix, nzangc-dueiv, siang nyei gapv danih benx siang-want. Naaiv deix wsnc uir zuqc cacqv daaih bun horqc saeng buatc longc l~aaix nyungc nzangc zoux nzangc n~nn, haaix nyungc wmc puix longc gapv dailil~ bcnx duciv.

13. Zouw gau ilcngx nlurlgc yiem guuv rnaaih haaix nyungc sinng-waac dongh haill cacqv ucngx gapv daaih benx yietc joux waac. Naaiv nyuriac waac ~ U I I P X niaaux donph l o n ~ c nzannc nlaa caul nzangc puix dong11 l ~ o r q c sacng hoqc iiex wuov deix waac hnannv. Nnaiv dcix wanc nibuo heuc "wai~c gapv" w.g. .

Tengx hol-qc saeng creqv ndaangc, uengr tengx nirlli e ~ h u o dorh wuov deix nzangc gapv dauih jira jicnv failux henx yietc jaw wnac. hllraih mhu'zicx Juux slang nyci oix zurlr cilcqv zlengx g;~pv dititih lengs fu'juciv ~ n b u o hilili ricqv dutlv siang-waac.

C . Aengx n~uuih nyungc, dong11 ~llulril~ rizungc l~orqc saeng ~nzliv grlrngll hoqv jicx. N:~aiv deix ninh I I I ~ I I O maiv haih caeqv acngx

gapv daail~, mv baac ninh 111buo qelnx zuqc zieqv duqv weic zuqc 111aiv mrraih, gouv ziouc nllraih nangc ~nanih eix leix.

1. hlnai l~ rlyurlgc I I I ~ U U JICUC U w a a ~ setv" (w.s.) weic zuqv za'gcngh waac sctv. h,1;1iv rl~aaill waac setv, ei lein ~na iv ll~cngll oqv:) Aengx n ~ u ~ ~ i h dcix llnangv "cuux", "aengx", wuov nyurigc want Icngx gauh mcngh nyci. Naaiv deix waac mbuo longc "wuac joux" (flasllcards) njaaun, IIIV baac gauh longx jiex s r bun ninh I I I ~ U O doqc yictc liouz yietc liouz waac, nalrgv nyei. llnangv U G ~ ~ ~ ~ cuux Nuix", *l1111ei caux maeqc" fai "aengx gorngvn, uacngx zoux", "aengx mingh" , wuov nyungc njauux

2. Corc 111ailill ~lyungc wnuc, ~nuiv lrnilr cacqv, maiv 11aill gupv, mv bdac qclilx longc se mbuo heuc "Waac Buih" (w.b.) Nnaiv nyungc waac ziouc longc "waac joux" (flashcards) h i yictc liouz yietc liour. wnac 11ja:lux.

4. Njnaur gau heuc 1101-qc saeng doqc gouv, dong11 n~aaih fangx wuov diuh gouv. Mnnc-aranc doqc bun horqc sacng muuih zi:rngh hoc l i r i i ~ ~ ~ i v dr~civ ruotv, mv bauc zuov lauh cunv 111ingll horqc saeng ziouc ilyaiv.

5. Hnoi-hnoi jiex gorn njaaux horpc zuqv nzamc jienv njaaux loz wuov dcix nzsngc wuov dcix waac. Haaix zanc buatc ma ail^ sisng-waac dong11 longc loz-nzangc gapv daaill zoux siang-waac "wasc-gapv" (w.g.) horqc zuqc te~igx horqc sucrlg caeqv caux gapv ndsangc ziouc haih njaaux duqv siang-gouv.

SP gorngv n~auih juux waac llorqc saeng horpc zuqc gapv loz- nzangc zoux siang-waac nor aeqv, oix zuqc tengx ninh mbuo caeqv, aengx gapv dnaih zoux siang-waac. Acngx lungc nzingc norm njaaux yaac longx.

6.I)oqc gau, corc oix zuqc njaaux llorqc saeng fiev nzangc, ficv waac, licv gouv. Hnangv naaiv longc buoz fiev jienv fu'juciv ziuuc gauh haih duqv bicqc hnyouv yaac jangx j ic~lv waac.

1)a'yir.t~ njsaux fu'jueiv fiev siang-nzangc dong11 nilih mbuo ill hnoi siang-hoqc drruih, bun hinh mbuu fiev tuux huih fiev duqv nzl~eic dcis. Nga'haav fin-sucng doqc dcix bun fu'jueiv rlluangs yauc bun horqc sacrlg nlurrngx longx yaac fiev jienv. hnc-nannc ninli ~nbuo licv duqv gouh guai deix, heu ninli ~ n b u o liev ninh gitnh nyci guuv.

Jicx gorn njaaux fiev llzallgc nxiex oix zuqc bun kuuuiv zciv oinh mbuo dongh fin-saeng fiev jienv nzangc, yictc nor111 yietc rlurrrl hurl ninh n~huo mangc nlraic kuoaiv zciv tengx ninh mbuo t ~ n a ~ n v duqv cuotv longc liaaix norm nzangc fiev.

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