Zheng He’s Importance to China

7/27/2019 Zheng Hes Importance to China

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Priya Subramanian, Brandon Oh Chang, Ricoh Das, and Alec

Vitale


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Who is Zheng He?

o Zheng He was an important imperialeunuch and Muslim that was entrusted

by the Ming emperor Yongle.

o He led 7 voyages from 1405 to 1433 ,

each fleet being composed of about 300vessels. The total crew of each voyage

had about 27,000 men.

o As a Muslim who had family who made

pilgrimage to Mecca, he had a broadknowledge of the Middle East and his

religious views made relations with

India (the site of his first three voyages)

easier.

Zheng Hes Importance To China


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Zheng Hes ships were some of the

most impressive and advancedexamples of naval engineering.

His treasure ships were wide and

bulky . The Chinese junks had many

improvements : had watertightbulkheads and efficient "lugsails"

His fleet also included specialized

vessels such as: "equine ships"

warships, supply ships, and watertankers. Each ship was armored with

a small cannon but mainly won sea

battles with accurate crossbows.

The Ships


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Zheng Hes Voyages

Went to Champa ( Vietnam), Siam (Thailand), Singapore,

Java (Indonesia), Bangladesh, Cailcut and Ceylon (SriLanka India), Saudi Arabia, Malacca, Sumatra , other

African states, etc.


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The ships were loaded with Chinese silk, porcelain, and lacquerwarethat were traded with coastal areas of the Indian Ocean. In exchangefor their goods, they got spices, ivory, medicines, rare woods, and

pearls that were needed by the imperial court. Treasure ships brought "gifts" for distant rulers who sent back

gifts of great value back to the Chinese emperor.

Many trade routes opened up and the Chinese developed relationshipswith other countries.

Zheng Hes own Muslim faith caused many Muslim communities toform.

After Zheng He died, Confucianists in the imperial court, had Zheng'sships destroyed in efforts to "systematically destroy all official records ofthe voyages.".

Zheng Hes Importance to China

Pearls

Silk

Porcelain


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The voyages

The Chinese imperial gainedcontrol of a vast number of

trading networks from Taiwanto the Persian Gulf.

He visited long-standingChinese merchantcommunities in SoutheastAsia to collect taxes and

cement their allegiance to theMing State.

50 new tributary states wereadded

Reason for large expedition --Ming sought to inspire awe of

their power andachievements. They alsosought to expand China'strade.


Zheng Hes map

He explored places and then gave the map of his findings to the emperor.

In 1433, Zheng He died during his 7th voyage. His death meant the end of all

voyages to the west.


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Timeline of Zheng He

1st Voyage

2nd Voyage

4th Voyage

5th voyage

All large

ships were

destroyed in

China

Zheng Hedied in his

seventh

voyage in

1433 .

The Ming

Empire is

formed under

the rule ofEmperor

Hogwu (1368)

Zheng He

is born in

1371

Emperor

Yongle

assumes

(1402-1424)

throne

1368

1500

6th Voyage.

Zheng Hes map is

published (1418)

3rd

Voyage


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Maps

Mongol Empire Map

(above map)

Silk Road Map (right map)
http://www.pagefarm.net/wiki/index.php?title=Image:Mongol.gif


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Mongol Passport

Worn aroundneck

Used for Mongol

customs officers

to identify people

Marco Polo used

one on return to

Venice

Two types:

Official Person on

State

Mission/

Important

Guest

Mongol Passport

Inscription: By the power of eternal heaven,

an edict of the Khan, he who has no respect is

guilty.


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Pax Mongolica

Latin for Mongol Peace. Refers to the peace the Mongols

brought to the Silk Road.

Facilitated overland trade

Marco Polo noted that it was the 1st

time that it was safe to travel theSilk Road during the day or night.


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Who is Marco Polo

Explorer and journalist

He is from Venice, Italy

Born in 1254 and died in 1324


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Where did he go?


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Marco Polo and Mongolian

China Traveled China for

17 years

Was givenadministrative duties

He was 20 when his

family arrived inChina

Governed theChinese cityYangzhou

Travels of MarcoPolo was written byhim after hereturned to Italyabout his travels


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Western learning of China from

Marco Polo China had far advanced

Paper

Books

Art

Many natural resources

Birds, plants and animals

Business

Mercantilism Risks

Profits


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Art

-One technique that

became popular was

silk screen Painting


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3-D Art -Many artisanships reached newheights including porcelains


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Art and Trade Due to the open support of trade by the Mongols. The

diffusion of Yuan dynastic artistic influences increased greatlyfrom past experiences

They even gave benefits to artisans from Mongol rule

including freedom from corve (unpaid) labor, tax remissions,

and higher social status. Desired trade products include: precious ivory and gold, food

items such as pomegranates, safflowers, and carrots went

east out of Rome to the west animals such as horses, sheep,

elephants, peacocks, and camels They produced: jade, furs, ceramics, and manufactured

objects of bronze, iron and lacquer


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Resources and Trade in Mongolia

today

Resources oil, coal, copper, molybdenum,

tungsten, phosphates, tin, nickel, zinc,

fluorspar, gold, silver, iron

Exports: copper, apparel, livestock, animalproducts, cashmere, wool, hides, fluorspar,

other nonferrous metals, coal


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Jobs

Task 1- Priya

Task 2- Brandon

Task 3- Ricoh

Task 4/5- Alec


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Credits Page

http://www.international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=10387

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/ancient-chinese-explorers.html http://edu.glogster.com/media/4/24/57/30/24573026.jpg

http://www.slideshare.net/dcyear5/zheng-he

http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1993.256

http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/exhibit/mongols/mongols.html

http://www.history-timelines.org.uk/people-timelines/17-marco-polo-timeline.htm http://thenagain.info/webchron/China/MarcoPolo.ht

http://history-world.org/mongol_empire.htm

http://arts.cultural-china.com/en/77Arts6743.html

http://www.spongobongo.com/Chinese_Art/Chinese_Art.ht

http://www.spongobongo.com/Chinese_Art/Chinese_Art_Cinnabar_Lacquer%20_Dish_Yuan_Dynasty.htm

http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/mongols/china/china3_b.htm

http://archaeology.about.com/cs/asia/a/silkroad.htm

http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/exhibit/trade/trade.html
http://www.international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=10387http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/ancient-chinese-explorers.htmlhttp://edu.glogster.com/media/4/24/57/30/24573026.jpghttp://www.slideshare.net/dcyear5/zheng-hehttp://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1993.256http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/exhibit/mongols/mongols.htmlhttp://www.history-timelines.org.uk/people-timelines/17-marco-polo-timeline.htmhttp://thenagain.info/webchron/China/MarcoPolo.hthttp://history-world.org/mongol_empire.htmhttp://arts.cultural-china.com/en/77Arts6743.htmlhttp://www.spongobongo.com/Chinese_Art/Chinese_Art.hthttp://www.spongobongo.com/Chinese_Art/Chinese_Art_Cinnabar_Lacquer%20_Dish_Yuan_Dynasty.htmhttp://www.spongobongo.com/Chinese_Art/Chinese_Art_Cinnabar_Lacquer%20_Dish_Yuan_Dynasty.htmhttp://afe.easia.columbia.edu/mongols/china/china3_b.htmhttp://archaeology.about.com/cs/asia/a/silkroad.htmhttp://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/exhibit/trade/trade.htmlhttp://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/exhibit/trade/trade.htmlhttp://archaeology.about.com/cs/asia/a/silkroad.htmhttp://afe.easia.columbia.edu/mongols/china/china3_b.htmhttp://www.spongobongo.com/Chinese_Art/Chinese_Art_Cinnabar_Lacquer%20_Dish_Yuan_Dynasty.htmhttp://www.spongobongo.com/Chinese_Art/Chinese_Art_Cinnabar_Lacquer%20_Dish_Yuan_Dynasty.htmhttp://www.spongobongo.com/Chinese_Art/Chinese_Art.hthttp://arts.cultural-china.com/en/77Arts6743.htmlhttp://arts.cultural-china.com/en/77Arts6743.htmlhttp://arts.cultural-china.com/en/77Arts6743.htmlhttp://history-world.org/mongol_empire.htmhttp://history-world.org/mongol_empire.htmhttp://history-world.org/mongol_empire.htmhttp://thenagain.info/webchron/China/MarcoPolo.hthttp://www.history-timelines.org.uk/people-timelines/17-marco-polo-timeline.htmhttp://www.history-timelines.org.uk/people-timelines/17-marco-polo-timeline.htmhttp://www.history-timelines.org.uk/people-timelines/17-marco-polo-timeline.htmhttp://www.history-timelines.org.uk/people-timelines/17-marco-polo-timeline.htmhttp://www.history-timelines.org.uk/people-timelines/17-marco-polo-timeline.htmhttp://www.history-timelines.org.uk/people-timelines/17-marco-polo-timeline.htmhttp://www.history-timelines.org.uk/people-timelines/17-marco-polo-timeline.htmhttp://www.history-timelines.org.uk/people-timelines/17-marco-polo-timeline.htmhttp://www.history-timelines.org.uk/people-timelines/17-marco-polo-timeline.htmhttp://www.history-timelines.org.uk/people-timelines/17-marco-polo-timeline.htmhttp://www.history-timelines.org.uk/people-timelines/17-marco-polo-timeline.htmhttp://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/exhibit/mongols/mongols.htmlhttp://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1993.256http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1993.256http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1993.256http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1993.256http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1993.256http://www.slideshare.net/dcyear5/zheng-hehttp://www.slideshare.net/dcyear5/zheng-hehttp://www.slideshare.net/dcyear5/zheng-hehttp://edu.glogster.com/media/4/24/57/30/24573026.jpghttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/ancient-chinese-explorers.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/ancient-chinese-explorers.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/ancient-chinese-explorers.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/ancient-chinese-explorers.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/ancient-chinese-explorers.htmlhttp://www.international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=10387

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Zheng He’s Importance to China