ZEODENT ® and AEROSIL® for Oral Care Applications

Industry Brochure 318

2

ChesterEtowahHavre de GraceMobilePiscatawayWaterford

Americana Midrand

Adapazari

NanpingShanghaiQuingdao

AkoYokkaichi

Taoyuan

Map Ta Phut

GajraulaJhagadiaMumbai

Charleston

Applied Technology

Key

Innovation / R & D

Sodium Silicate

Production, Precipitated

Production, Fumed

AntwerpBonnHanauLeverkusenOostendeRheinfeldenRoussillonWesselingZubillaga-Lantaron

HaminaTaavetti

L+L Industrie Broschüre Oral Care_2_2019.indd ––– 07. März 2019; 17:33 Uhr

ABOUT EVONIK

Building on more than 40 years of experience and expertise in the dental silica business, Evonik strives to deliver best in class products and services for the oral care industry. We are committed to improve oral health worldwide. As a complete solution provider, we work collaboratively with our customers to help them achieve differentiation in the market place and enable sustainable growth. High quality standards and responsibility By putting safety first, Evonik ensures safe manufacturing, transportation, handling and usage of our cleaning and thickening silica for our employees, customers and consumers. Our products therefore meet high quality standards • Production sites are certified according to ISO 9001 and have implemented an HACCP concept. • Products are REACH registered. • Products meet USP-NF and EP purity standards. • Products are NATRUE compliant. • Products are certified Kosher, Pareve and Halal. • Dental silica products have been validated as fit for use in organic cosmetic formulations, as defined by COSMOS Natural and Organic Cosmetic standards. With this certification, toothpaste formulators can seek organic certification when formulating with natural, organic and homeopathic ingredients. • Products are listed as “derived mineral ingredient” in the Annex D of ISO 16128-1 with the INCI name Hydrated Silica.

Certificates, product safety information, and chemical characteristic data can be provided via our website or per request.

3

ChesterEtowahHavre de GraceMobilePiscatawayWaterford

Americana Midrand

Adapazari

NanpingShanghaiQuingdao

AkoYokkaichi

Taoyuan

Map Ta Phut

GajraulaJhagadiaMumbai

Charleston

Applied Technology

Key

Innovation / R & D

Sodium Silicate

Production, Precipitated

Production, Fumed

AntwerpBonnHanauLeverkusenOostendeRheinfeldenRoussillonWesselingZubillaga-Lantaron

HaminaTaavetti

WORLDWIDE SUPPORT Evonik’s global production platform, combined with regional customer proximity is built to support our customers right where they need us. With a presence in every region, we provide customers first hand application know-how, as well as formulation and regulatory assistance through our sales colleagues and R & D and applied technology centers stationed around the world.

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ZEODENT® 116

ZEODENT® 113

ZEODENT® 115

ZEODENT® 117

ZEODENT® 120

ZEODENT® 124

ZEODENT® 103

Cleaning level

ZEODENT® 153 ZEODENT® 165 ZEODENT® 168 AEROSIL® 200 Pharma

Thickening level

L+L Industrie Broschüre Oral Care_2_2019.indd ––– 07. März 2019; 17:33 Uhr

HIGH PERFORMING PRODUCTS

The high compatibility of our products with toothpaste ingredients makes them easy to use in different formulations. Based on our extensive application know-how from decades of experience, we have collected some product recommen-dations for toothpaste formulations. However, Evonik understands that each formulation is unique, and our team of application experts is happy to assist you with your specific requirements in a personal discussion.

Evonik Dental Cleaning and Thickening Silica Overview

The ZEODENT® and AEROSIL® Pharma family of dental silica products is designed to provide superior performance in toothpaste formulations. Selecting from the broad variety of ZEODENT® and AEROSIL® Pharma products, toothpaste producers can optimize versatile characteristics of their tooth-paste formulation, including: cleaning / whitening, sensitivity, optical clarity, mouth feel and viscosity.

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FORMULATION EXAMPLES Anticavity Toothpaste Multi-benefit and traditional toothpastes own the majority of the market share worldwide due to their convenience, flexibility, and price. They are often the first step to an improved oral health routine. Whether it’s whitening, cavity protection or enamel health, consumers are looking for a toothpaste that will fit all of their needs in one. By using a combination of ZEODENT® 113, ZEODENT® 124 and ZEODENT® 165, anticavity toothpaste formulations can be achieved in an efficient and reliable way.

With ZEODENT® 113 you pick the ideal basis for your anticavity toothpaste formulation. By varying dosing levels, versatile cleaning experiences can be generated while main-taining great compatibility to active and inactive ingredients. To step up the cleaning and whitening performance, ZEODENT® 124 can further enrich your formulation.

ZEODENT® 165 is a thickening silica offering outstanding performance when building high levels of viscosity is essential. This product is ideal in formulating toothpastes that offer high cleaning and anticavity protection since high cleaning silica products do not build significant viscosity on their own.

Whitening Toothpaste As nothing beats a great smile, it is not surprising that whitening is the most sought after toothpaste benefit. To provide consumers with a bright smile, Evonik invented ZEODENT® 103 as the high cleaning silica standard for whitening toothpastes. To achieve the highest cleaning, we recommend a dosing of 15 – 20 % of ZEODENT® 103. Combining it with our thickening silica ZEODENT® 165 will provide you with a reliable foundation for your toothpaste. For a whitening toothpaste that is gentler on teeth enamel we recommend including ZEODENT® 116 in the formulation. This gives formulators the ability to develop toothpastes that are high cleaning and help with stain removal while also reducing impact on enamel and dentin. ZEODENT® 103 and ZEODENT® 116 together have a PCR of around 90 and an RDA of around 125, providing the right values for this type of formulation.

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Sensitive Toothpaste Dentin hypersensitivity occurs whenever dentin loses its protective covering of enamel, exposing the nerve ending. Almost 50 % of the population suffers from tooth sensitivity and is looking for a simple solution that will help them with this problem. Evonik recommends using ZEODENT® 116 and ZEODENT® 153 for a gentle and effective cleaning and thickening of toothpaste, respectively.

ZEODENT® 116 offers the gentlest cleaning possible due to its cleaning to abrasion ratio. It provides low levels of abrasion at 15 – 20 % loading level, while maintaining mouth-feel benefits. ZEODENT® 116 has a PCR level of 66 and RDA level of 65 making it ideally suited for sensitive toothpaste formulations.

ZEODENT® 153 offers dental thickening possibilities and the ability to build suitable levels of viscosity without compro-mising on performance. ZEODENT® 153 can be used at higher loading levels in sensitive formulations to provide mouthfeel benefits, as well as providing flexibility in active ingredient compatibility and final product aesthetic properties.

Kids Toothpaste Encouraging children to practice a good oral care routine can pose quite a challenge to parents. While toothpaste has to be appealing to the child, it also needs to be gentle and safe on those little pearly whites. To support the formulation of the perfect children’s toothpaste, Evonik recommends using ZEODENT® 113 or ZEODENT® 116 and ZEODENT® 153 to achieve the mildest clean and optical performance in gels. ZEODENT® 113 and ZEODENT® 116 offer gentle cleaning and can achieve the desired cleaning performance that is gentle and safe for kid’s toothpaste formulations. ZEODENT® 153 will help build the right levels of viscosity at a typical loading level of 5 – 10 %, providing the right mouth-feel benefits. While this combination offers a high degree of compatibility with active ingredients and flavors, it also provides flexibility to vary aesthetic properties like color.

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Clear Gel Toothpaste Visual appearance is the most sought after quality in a clear gel toothpaste to make toothpaste more appealing to the consumer. For very clear gel toothpastes we recommend using ZEODENT® 115 and ZEODENT® 165.

ZEODENT® 115 cleaning silica has excellent optical qualities especially tailored for formulations where clarity is essential. Another one of its great benefits is its formulating flexibility and its ingredient compatibility which make it the preferred choice while formulating a clear gel toothpaste. ZEODENT® 115 delivers the optimal transparency for toothpastes with a refractive index around 1.453, whereas ZEODENT® 120 is more suitable for refractive indices around 1.443.

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Visc

osity

/ (P

a • s)

Silica concentration / weight %

AEROSIL® 200 Pharma

0

5

10

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

15

25

20

ZEODENT® 168

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SILICA FOR HIGH PURITY AND HIGH PERFORMANCE

The thickening of dental silica is an important aspect in both the process of creating toothpaste and in the final product itself. Evonik offers a number of high performance thickening agents for dental silica: AEROSIL® 200 Pharma, ZEODENT® 153, ZEODENT® 165 and ZEODENT® 168.

AEROSIL® 200 Pharma has exceptionally low impurities and is suited for special products and those containing sensitive ingredients (such as peroxides). Its particle structure is good for excellent toothpaste viscosity meaning that less product is needed to accomplish the same thickening effects as precipitated silica thickeners. While AEROSIL® 200 Pharma is compatible with sensitive ingredients e. g. peroxides, ZEODENT® 153, ZEODENT® 165 and ZEODENT® 168 meet a ll the requirements for pharmaceutic grade toothpastes.

The Figure bellow shows the rheology control for different concentrations of AEROSIL® 200 Pharma and ZEODENT® 168.

Figure 1 Viscosity of fumed (AEROSIL® 200 Pharma) and precipitated (ZEODENT® 168) silica in a carboxymethyl cellulose dispersion.

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CLEANING SILICA LOADING (WT %) PCR RDA

ZEODENT® 103 20 100 195

ZEODENT® 124 20 100 160

ZEODENT® 113 20 80 110

ZEODENT ® 115 20 70 80

ZEODENT® 116 20 65 65

ZEODENT® 103 ZEODENT® 116

6 9

90 125

ZEODENT® 124 ZEODENT® 113

7 13

90 125

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TEST METHODS Relative Dentin Abrasion (RDA) Test Method The toothpaste industry estimates the potential for dentin abrasion (associated with the use of toothpaste) by monitoring RDA. This is measured using a radiotracer method developed by John J. Hefferren (contained in ISO 11609). For this method, irradiated human dentin is brushed with a dentifrice using a well-controlled brushing apparatus, the V8 Cross Brushing Machine. The quantity of radiotracer is measured in the rinse solution and compared to the standard to determine the RDA. ISO 11609 limits the RDA of toothpaste to 250 (regional preferences exist). This method provides the most direct and relevant relationship to clinical and consumer product use. Dental silica materials have low Relative Enamel Abrasion (REA) values due to their relatively lesser Mohs hardness compared with tooth enamel and are extremely safe for use.

Pellicle Cleaning Ratio (PCR) Test Method is the measurement of a toothpaste’s ability to remove an applied stained pellicle layer from a bovine enamel surface. High cleaning toothpastes usually have a PCR value of 90 or greater.

The abrasiveness and cleaning efficacy declines from the high cleaning ZEODENT 103® to the most gentle cleaning, ZEODENT® 116. Different cleaning blends can achieve a comparable cleaning performance at moderate abrasion levels.

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CHARACTERISTIC TEXT TEST METHOD UNIT OF MEASURE

ZEODENT® 103 ZEODENT® 113 ZEODENT® 115 ZEODENT® 116 ZEODENT® 117 ZEODENT® 120 ZEODENT® 124 ZEODENT® 153 ZEODENT® 165 ZEODENT® 168 ZEODENT® 9175 AEROSIL® 200 Pharma

Loss on drying, 2 h at 105 °C following ISO 787-2 % 7 max. 7 9 max. 7 max. 7 max. 8 max. 7 max. 7 max. 7 max. 7 max. 7 max. 1.5

pH value, 5 % in water following ISO 787-9 7.5 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 6.5 7.0 4.5

Na2SO4 content, soluble in water following ISO 787-8 % max. 2.0 max. 2.0 max. 2 .0 max. 2.0 max. 2.0 max. 2.0 max. 2.0 max. 3.5 max. 2.0 max. 1.5 max. 2.0 0

Linseed oil absorption, dried subst. following ISO 787-5 ml/100g 60 90 105 100 70 65 170 220 95 N/A

DOA absorption, orig. Subst. following ISO 19246 ml/100g 90 230

Sieve residue 45 µm, spray following ISO 3262-19 % max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 N/A N/A

Median Particle Size following ISO 13320 µm 10 10 10 11 9 9 10 11 12 12 500 N/A

Fluoride compatibility % min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 100

Pellicle Cleaning Ratio (PCR) 100 80 70 65 95 95 100N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Relative Dentin Abrasion (RDA) 195 110 80 65 100 150 160

Cleaning / Thickening High Cleaning

Standard Cleaning

Standard Cleaning

Gentle Cleaning

Standard Cleaning

Medium High Cleaning

Medium High Cleaning

Low Thickening

Medium Thickening

High Thickening

Sensory Extreme Thickening

Typical Applications Opaque Toothpaste

All toothpastes Clear Gels Sensitivity All toothpastes Clear Gels Opaque Toothpaste

Kids Toothpaste All toothpastes All toothpastes Enhanced Mouthfeel

Applica tions that require low impuritiesKids Toothpaste Sensitive Toothpaste

Availability Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Only Asia, North and Latin America

Europe/Asia Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Only Asia, North and Latin America

Worldwide Worldwide

L+L Industrie Broschüre Oral Care_2_2019.indd ––– 07. März 2019; 17:33 Uhr

THE EINLEHNER METHOD To live up to our high quality standards, Evonik uses Einlehner abrasion as a quality control tool for dental silica products. In this method a 10 % silica slurry is worn against a brass screen by a rotating brushing under a controlled load. After a fixed number of revolutions the mass loss of the screen is determined and used to establish the Einlehner value. For products with similar chemistry, particle size/distribution and morphology the method is strongly correlated to RDA.

The data in this table are typical values. Specifications are available on request.

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CHARACTERISTIC TEXT TEST METHOD UNIT OF MEASURE

ZEODENT® 103 ZEODENT® 113 ZEODENT® 115 ZEODENT® 116 ZEODENT® 117 ZEODENT® 120 ZEODENT® 124 ZEODENT® 153 ZEODENT® 165 ZEODENT® 168 ZEODENT® 9175 AEROSIL® 200 Pharma

Loss on drying, 2 h at 105 °C following ISO 787-2 % 7 max. 7 9 max. 7 max. 7 max. 8 max. 7 max. 7 max. 7 max. 7 max. 7 max. 1.5

pH value, 5 % in water following ISO 787-9 7.5 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 6.5 7.0 4.5

Na2SO4 content, soluble in water following ISO 787-8 % max. 2.0 max. 2.0 max. 2 .0 max. 2.0 max. 2.0 max. 2.0 max. 2.0 max. 3.5 max. 2.0 max. 1.5 max. 2.0 0

Linseed oil absorption, dried subst. following ISO 787-5 ml/100g 60 90 105 100 70 65 170 220 95 N/A

DOA absorption, orig. Subst. following ISO 19246 ml/100g 90 230

Sieve residue 45 µm, spray following ISO 3262-19 % max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 max. 1.5 N/A N/A

Median Particle Size following ISO 13320 µm 10 10 10 11 9 9 10 11 12 12 500 N/A

Fluoride compatibility % min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 min. 90 100

Pellicle Cleaning Ratio (PCR) 100 80 70 65 95 95 100N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

Relative Dentin Abrasion (RDA) 195 110 80 65 100 150 160

Cleaning / Thickening High Cleaning

Standard Cleaning

Standard Cleaning

Gentle Cleaning

Standard Cleaning

Medium High Cleaning

Medium High Cleaning

Low Thickening

Medium Thickening

High Thickening

Sensory Extreme Thickening

Typical Applications Opaque Toothpaste

All toothpastes Clear Gels Sensitivity All toothpastes Clear Gels Opaque Toothpaste

Kids Toothpaste All toothpastes All toothpastes Enhanced Mouthfeel

Applica tions that require low impuritiesKids Toothpaste Sensitive Toothpaste

Availability Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Only Asia, North and Latin America

Europe/Asia Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Only Asia, North and Latin America

Worldwide Worldwide

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Pow

der R

DA

Val

ue

Powder RDA Value

R2 = 0.90

PVC Bushing

Bronze screen

Silica particle

Silica slurry

Dow

nwar

d fo

rce

Figure 2 The Einlehner test method Figure 3 Correlation of the Einlehner method to the RDA method

EUROPE / MIDDLE EAST / AFRICA / LATIN AMERICA

Evonik Resource Efficiency GmbH Business Line Silica Rodenbacher Chaussee 4 63457 Hanau Germany Phone +49 6181 59-12532 Fax +49 6181 59-712532

ask-si@evonik.com www.evonik.com

NORTH AMERICA Evonik Corporation Business Line Silica 299 Jefferson Road Parsippany, NJ 07054-0677 USA Phone +1 800 233-8052 Fax +1 973 929-8502

ask-si-nafta@evonik.com

ASIA PACIFIC Evonik (SEA) Pte. Ltd. Business Line Silica 3 International Business Park #07-18, Nordic European Centre Singapore 609927 Phone +65 6809-6877 Fax +65 6809-6677

ask-si-asia@evonik.com

IB-3

18-E

N-0

1-20

19/0

2-TM

C

This information and any recommendations, technical or otherwise, are presented in good faith and believed to be correct as of the date prepared. Recipients of this information and recommendations must make their own determi-nation as to its suitability for their purposes. In no event shall Evonik assume liability for damages or losses of any kind or nature that result from the use of or reliance upon this information and recommendations. EVONIK EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE ACCURACY, COMPLETENESS, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY AND/OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (EVEN IF EVONIK IS AWARE OF SUCH PURPOSE) WITH RESPECT TO ANY INFORMATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS PROVIDED. Reference to any trade names used by other companies is neither a recommendation nor an endorsement of the corresponding product, and does not imply that similar products could not be used. Evonik reserves the right to make any changes to the information and/or recommendations at any time, without prior or subsequent notice. AEROSIL® and ZEODENT® are registered trademarks of Evonik Industries or one of its subsidiaries.