Zaldivar Va. Gonzales

8/20/2019 Zaldivar Va. Gonzales

1/22

Republic of the Philippines

SUPREME COURT

Manila

EN BANC

G.R. Nos. 79690-707 October 7, 1988

ENRIQUE A. A!"I#AR, petitioner,

vs.

T$E $ONORA%!E SAN"IGAN%A&AN '() $ONORA%!E RAU! M. GONA!E, c*'++( to be '() 'ct+(

's T'(o)b''(-Ob/)s'( /()er te 1987 Co(st+t/t+o(, respondents.

G.R. No. 8078 October 7, 1988

ENRIQUE A. A!"I#AR, 2et+t+o(er,

3s.

$ON. RAU! M. GONA!E, c*'++( to be '() 'ct+( 's T'(o)b''(-Ob/)s'( ob/)s'( /()er te 1987

Co(st+t/t+o(, res2o()e(t.

PER CURIAM4

Te 5o**o+( 're te s/bects o5 t+s Reso*/t+o(4

1 ' Mot+o(, )'te) 9 ebr/'r 1988, to C+te +( Co(te2t 5+*e) b 2et+t+o(er E(r+:/e A. '*)+3'r ''+(st 2/b*+c

res2o()e(t S2ec+'* Prosec/tor ;5orer* T'(o)b''( R'/* M. Go(or s/becte) to ')+(+str't+3e s'(ct+o(s 5or'?+( cert'+( 2/b*+c st'tee(ts.

I

Te 2ert+(e(t 5'cts 're 's 5o**os4

Pet+t+o(er '*)+3'r +s o(e o5 se3er'* )e5e()'(ts +( Cr++('* C'ses Nos.

1=19-1=161 '() 1=16@-1=177 ;5or 3+o*'t+o( o5 te A(t+-Gr'5t '() Corr/2t Pr'ct+ces Act 2e()+( be5ore te

S'()+'(b''(. Te O55+ce o5 te T'(o)b''( co()/cte) te 2re*++('r +(3est+'t+o( '() 5+*e) te cr++('*

+(5or't+o(s +( tose c'ses ;or++('** T%P C'se No. 86-00778.

O( 10 Se2teber 1987, 2et+t+o(er 5+*e) +t t+s Co/rt ' Pet+t+o( 5or Cert+or'r+, Pro+b+t+o( '() '()'/s ;G.R.

Nos. 79690-707 ('+( 's res2o()e(ts bot te S'()+'(b''( '() $o(. R'/* M. Go(


2/22

Te Co/rt 5/rter Reso*3e) to ISSUE ' TEMPORAR& RESTRAINING OR"ER, e55ect+3e

+e)+'te* '() co(t+(/+( /(t+* 5/rter or)ers 5ro t+s Co/rt, or)er+( res2o()e(t

S'()+'(b''( to CEASE '() "ESIST 5ro e'r+( '() tr+( Cr++('* C'ses Nos. 1=19 to

1=161 '() 1=16@ to 1=177 +(so5'r 's 2et+t+o(er E(r+:/e '*)+3'r +s co(cer(e) '() 5ro e'r+(

'() reso*3+( te S2ec+'* Prosec/torDs ot+o( to s/s2e() )'te) Se2teber @, 1987.

Te 2'rt+es *'ter 5+*e) te+r res2ect+3e 2*e')+(s.

Pet+t+o(er '*)+3'r 5+*e) +t t+s Co/rt ' seco() Pet+t+o( 5or cert+or'r+ '() Pro+b+t+o( ;G.R. No. 8078 o( 19

No3eber 1987, +(+t+'** ('+( o(* $o(. R'/* M. Go(


3/22

TANO"%A&AN /st+ce R'/* M. Go(


4/22

1. T't e ';) bee( '22ro'ce) twice b ' *e')+( eber o5 te co/rt ... '() e 's 's?e) to

Do s*o o( '*)+3'r '() D(ot to be too 'r) o( +BD

=. T't e 's '22ro'ce) '() 's?e) to re5r'+( 5ro +(3est+'t+( te COA re2ort o( +**e'*

)+sb/rsee(ts +( te S/2ree Co/rt bec'/se D+t +** eb'r'ss te Co/rtB '()

@. T't ;+( se3er'* +(st'(ces, te /()ers+(e) res2o()e(t 's c'**e) o3er te 2o(e b ' *e')+(

eber o5 te Co/rt '() 's 's?e) to )+s+ss te c'ses ''+(st ;to Mebers o5 te Co/rt.

Res2o()e(t Go(


5/22

. It 5+('** '22e'r+( t't (ot+ce o5 te Reso*/t+o( o5 ebr/'r 16, 1988 '))resse) to res2o()e(t

Go(


6/22

(ecess'r 5or +ts o( 2rotect+o( ''+(st '( +2ro2er +(ter5ere(ce +t te )/e ')+(+str't+o( o5 /st+ce, ;+t +s

(ot )e2e()e(t /2o( te co2*'+(t o5 '( o5 te 2'rt+es *+t+'(t. @

Tere 're, +( oter or)s, to ;= re*'te) 2oers +c coe +(to 2*' +( c'ses *+?e t't be5ore /s ereB te Co/rtDs

+(ere(t 2oer to )+sc+2*+(e 'ttor(es '() te co(te2t 2oer. Te )+sc+2*+('r '/tor+t o5 te Co/rt o3er

ebers o5 te %'r +s bro')er t'( te 2oer to 2/(+s 5or co(te2t. Co(te2t o5 co/rt ' be co+ttee bot

b *'ers '() (o(-*'ers, bot +( '() o/t o5 co/rt. re:/e(t*, ere te co(te(or +s ' *'er, te

co(t/'c+o/s co()/ct '*so co(st+t/tes 2ro5ess+o('* +sco()/ct +c c'**s +(to 2*' te )+sc+2*+('r '/tor+t o5

te S/2ree Co/rt. @ Here te res2o()e(t +s ' *'er, oe3er, te S/2ree Co/rtDs )+sc+2*+('r '/tor+t o3er

*'ers ' coe +(to 2*' eter or (ot te +sco()/ct +t +c te res2o()e(t +s c're) '*so co(st+t/tes

co(te2t o5 co/rt. Te 2oer to 2/(+s 5or co(te2t o5 co/rt )oes (ot eF'/st te sco2e o5 )+sc+2*+('r '/tor+t

o5 te Co/rt o3er *'ers. @6 Te )+sc+2*+('r '/tor+t o5 te Co/rt o3er ebers o5 te %'r +s b/t coro**'r to

te Co/rtDs eFc*/s+3e 2oer o5 ')+ss+o( to te %'r. A *'er +s (ot ere* ' 2ro5ess+o('* b/t '*so '( o55+cer o5 te

co/rt '() 's s/c, e +s c'**e) /2o( to s're +( te t's? '() res2o(s+b+*+t o5 )+s2e(s+( /st+ce '() reso*3+(

)+s2/tes +( soc+et. A( 'ct o( +s 2'rt +c 3+s+b* te()s to obstr/ct, 2er3ert, or +2e)e '() )er')e te

')+(+str't+o( o5 /st+ce co(st+t/tes bot 2ro5ess+o('* +sco()/ct c'**+( 5or te eFerc+se o5 )+sc+2*+('r 'ct+o(

''+(st +, '() co(t/'c+o/s co()/ct 'rr'(t+( '22*+c't+o( o5 te co(te2t 2oer.

It +s soet+es 'sserte) t't +( te eFerc+se o5 te 2oer to 2/(+s 5or co(te2t or o5 te )+sc+2*+('r '/tor+t o5te Co/rt o3er ebers o5 te %'r, te Co/rt +s 'ct+( 's o55e()e) 2'rt, 2rosec/tor '() 'rb+ter 't o(e '() te

s'e t+e. T/s, +( te 2rese(t c'se, res2o()e(t Go(


7/22

't r'3e '


8/22

co(st+t/t+o('* *' +ss/e 2e()+( be5ore te Co/rt 5or te 2rece)+( e+t ;8 o(ts, co/*) sc'rce* '3e bee(

+(3e(te) 's ' re2r+s'* s+2* ''+(st res2o()e(t.

A seco() c're t't res2o()e(t Go(or s/becte) to ')+(+str't+3e )+sc+2*+(e 5or '?+( te st'tee(ts ')3erte) to 'bo3e. I( +s

s/bse:/e(t 2*e')+(s ere e 's?e) te 5/** Co/rt to +(+b+t +tse*5 '() to tr'(s5er te ')+(+str't+3e 2rocee)+(s

to te I(ter'te) %'r o5 te P+*+22+(es, res2o()e(t ')e, 'o( oters, te 5o**o+( '**e't+o(s4

;' T't te Mebers o5 te Co/rt so/*) +(+b+t tese*3esJ +( te co(te2t '() ')+(+str't+3e

c'res ''+(st te res2o()e(t, +( te *+t o5 te '(+5est 2re/)+ce '() '(er te o*) ''+(st

res2o()e(t 's so( +( te *'(/'e o5 te reso*/t+o( o( te Mot+o( 5or Reco(s+)er't+o(B

;b T't te e(t+re ebers+2 o5 te co/rt 's '*re') *ost t't Dco*) (e/tr'*+t o5 '( +2'rt+'*

/)eD toJ be 'b*e to '**o 5'+r(ess '() )/e 2rocess +( te co(te2t c+t't+o( 's e** 's +( te

2oss+b*e ')+(+str't+3e c'reB

;c T't res2o()e(t o(est* 5ee*s t't t+s co/rt 's '(r '() 2re/)+ce) 's +t +s, res2o()e(t 's

(o c+(' '(Ds c'(ce to et 5'+r e'r+( +( te co(te2t '() 2oss+b*e ')+(+str't+3e c'resB


9/22

;) T't o(e /st co(s+)er te +*+e/ be5ore t+s Tr+b/('* +t, 2er'2s 2'ss+o( '() ob5/sc't+o(

r/((+( r+otB

;e T't res2o()e(t, '5ter '3+( bee( c'st+'te) +t s/c venom b te e(t+re Co/rt +( +ts

)ec+s+o( )e(+( te Mot+o( 5or Reco(s+)er't+o(, )oes (ot '3e co(5+)e(ce +( te +2'rt+'*+t o5 te

e(t+re Co/rt '() t't e 5/()s +t eFtree* )+55+c/*t to be*+e3e t't te ebers o5 t+s Tr+b/('*

c'( st+** 'ct +t /(b+'se) )ee'(or to'r)s +B '()

;5 T't te Tr+b/('* +s )eter+(e) to dis!ar

res2o()e(tJ +to/t )/e 2rocess '() t't '

s2ec+5+e) Meber o5 te Co/rt 's bee( t's?e) to be te ponente, or 't *e'st 2re2're te )ec+s+o(.

;U()erscor+( +( te or++('*

T/s, +(ste') o5 eF2*'+(+( or see?+( to +t+'te +s st'tee(ts e'r*+er ')e, res2o()e(t so/t to e'2 st+** ore

o22robr+/ /2o( te Co/rt, 'cc/s+( +t o5 be+( +(c'2'b*e o5 /)+( +s 'cts '() st'tee(ts /st* '() 'ccor)+(

to *'. O(ce ''+(, e 2'+(ts t+s Co/rt 's ' bo) (ot o(* c'2'b*e o5 'ct+( +to/t re'r) to )/e 2rocess b/t

+()ee) )eter+(e) so to 'ct. A r'() )es+( to o*) /2 t+s Co/rt to 2/b*+c scor( '() )+sres2ect 's '( /(ort

tr+b/('*, o(e ob5/sc'te) b 2'ss+o( '() '(er 't res2o()e(t, eeres o(ce ore. It +s 3er )+55+c/*t 5or ebers o5

t+s Co/rt to /()erst'() o res2o()e(t Go(or re5or te s'+) e3+*s +** be

5r/+t*ess '(), 's st'te) +( '(+5est't+o( to o/, I '3e '*re') )ec+)e) to ret+re 5ro ' *+5e o5

+*+t'(c to ' *+5e o5 sec*/s+o(, *e'3+( to Go) te 5+**+( /2 )e5+c+e(c+es. ;60 SCRA 't ==

Te Co/rt s/s2e()e) Att. )e* M'r, /(t+* 5/rter or)ers, 5ro te 2r'ct+ce o5 *' s'+(4


10/22

... Res2o()e(t +s /t+*+


11/22

1967. Te ot+o( c'res It t't te broter o5 te $o(or'b*e Assoc+'te /st+ce C'stro +s ' 3+ce-

2res+)e(t o5 te 5'3ore) 2'rt o +s te c+e5 be(e5+c+'r o5 te 5'*se, erro(eo/s '() +**e'*

)ec+s+o( )'te) '(/'r @1, 1968 '() te e*parte 2re*++('r +(/(ct+o( re()ere) +( te 'bo3e-

e(t+t*e) c'se, te *'tter +( e55ect 2re/)+( '() 2re)eter+(+( t+s c'se e3e( be5ore te o+(+( o5

'( +ss/e. As to te C+e5 /st+ce, te ot+o( st'tes tJ't te so( o5 te $o(or'b*e C+e5 /st+ce

Roberto Co(ce2c+o( 's +3e( ' s+(+5+c'(t '22o+(te(t +( te P+*+22+(e Go3er(e(t b te

Pres+)e(t ' sort t+e be5ore te )ec+s+o( o5 /* @1, 1968 's re()ere) +( t+s c'se. Te

'22o+(te(t re5erre) to 's 's secret'r o5 te (e*-cre'te) %o'r) o5 I(3este(ts. Te ot+o(

2rese(ts ' *e(t )+sco/rse o( /)+c+'* et+cs, '() '?es ' (/ber o5 s+)e coe(ts 2roect+(

't +s c*'+e) to be te 2'te(t ro(5/*(ess o5 te /* @1, 1968 )ec+s+o(. It e(/er'tes

+(c+)e(ts +c, 'ccor)+( to te ot+o(, bro/t 'bo/t res2o()e(t M'cArt/rDs be*+e5 t't

/(/)+c+'* 2re/)+ce ') bee( c'/se) +t '() t't tere 's D/(/)+c+'* 5'3or+t+sD +( 5'3or o5

D2et+t+o(ers, te+r '22o+(t+( '/tor+t '() ' 5'3ore) 2'rt )+rect* be(e5+te) b te s'+) )ec+s+o(

;@1 SCRA 't 6-7

A(oter 'ttor(e e(tere) +s '22e'r'(ce 's (e co/(se* 5or M'cArt/r '() 5+*e) ' 5o/rt Mot+o( 5or

Reco(s+)er't+o( +to/t *e'3e o5 co/rt, +c Mot+o( co(t'+(e) te 5o**o+( 2'r'r'2s4

. Te s'+) )ec+s+o( +s +**e'* bec'/se +t 's 2e((e) b te $o(or'b*e C+e5 /st+ce RobertoCo(ce2c+o( e( +( 5'ct e 's o/ts+)e te bor)ers o5 te Re2/b*+c o5 te P+*+22+(es 't te t+e o5

te Or'* Ar/e(t o5 te 'bo3e-e(t+t*e) c'se+c co()+t+o( +s 2ro+b+te) b te Ne R/*es o5

Co/rtSect+o( 1, R/*e 1, '() e :/ote4 /st+cesB o ' t'?e 2'rt... . O(* tose ebers

2rese(t e( '( 'tter +s s/b+tte) 5or or'* 'r/e(t +** t'?e 2'rt +( +ts co(s+)er't+o( '()

')/)+c't+o( ... . T+s re:/+ree(t +s es2ec+'** s+(+5+c'(t +( te 2rese(t +(st'(ce bec'/se te

eber o 2e((e) te )ec+s+o( 's te 3er eber o 's 'bse(t 5or '22roF+'te* 5o/r

o(ts or ore. T+s 2ro3+s+o( '*so '22*+es to te $o(or'b*e /st+ces C*'/)+o Tee'(?ee '()

A(to(+o %'rre)o.

FFF FFF FFF

6. T't +5 te res2o()e(t M'cArt/r I(ter('t+o('* M+(er'*s Co2'( 'b'()o(s +ts :/est 5or

/st+ce +( te /)+c+'r o5 te P+*+22+(e Go3er(e(t, +t +** +(e3+t'b* e+ter r'+se te r'5t '()

corr/2t+o( o5 P+*+22+(e Go3er(e(t o55+c+'*s +( te b+))+( o5 M' 1=, 196, re:/+re) b te

N+c?e* !' to )eter+(e te o2er'tor o5 te S/r+'o (+c?e* )e2os+ts, to te Hor*) Co/rt o( ro/()s

o5 )e2r+3't+o( o5 /st+ce '() co(5+sc't+o( o5 2ro2ert '()>or to te U(+te) St'tes Go3er(e(t,

e+ter +ts eFec/t+3e or /)+c+'* br'(ces or bot, o( te ro/()s o5 co(5+sc't+o( o5 res2o()e(tDs

2ro2r+et'r 3este) r+ts b te P+*+22+(e Go3er(e(t +to/t e+ter co2e(s't+o( or )/e

2rocess o5 *' '() +(3o?+( te $+c?e(*oo2er Ae()e(t re:/+r+( te c/tt+( o55 o5 '** '+) '()

be(e5+ts to te P+*+22+(e Go3er(e(t, +(c*/)+( te s/'r 2r+ce 2re+/, 'o/(t+( to ore t'(

5+5t +**+o( )o**'rs '((/'**, /(t+* rest+t/t+o( or co2e(s't+o( +s ')e.;@1 SCRA 't 10-11

+()+( te+r eF2*'('t+o(s /(s't+s5'ctor, te Co/rt, s2e'?+( tro/ Mr. /st+ce S'(ce


12/22

t't te 2r+(c+2*es t/s est'b*+se) te or'* '() et+c'* /+)e*+(es 5or +(+b+t+o( o5 '( /)+c+'*

'/tor+t b te $o(or'b*e S/2ree Co/rt so/*) 5+rst '22* to +tse*5.D $e 2/ts 5ort te c*'+ t't

*esser '() 5/rter reo3e) co()+t+o(s '3e bee( ?(o( to cre'te 5'3or+t+s, o(* to co(c*/)e t't

tere +s no reason5or ' be*+e5 t't te co()+t+o(s obt'+(+( +( te c'se o5 te C+e5 /st+ce '()

/st+ce C'stro o/*) be *ess *+?e* to e(e()er 5'3or+t+s '() 2re/)+ce 5or or ''+(st ' 2'rt+c/*'r

c'/se or 2'rt.D I2*+c+t +( t+s 't *e'st +s t't te C+e5 /st+ce '() /st+ce C'stro 're +(se(s+b*e

todelicade:a, +c co/*) '?e te+r 'ct/'t+o( s/s2ect. $e '?es +t 2*'+( +( te ot+o( t't te

C+e5 /st+ce '() /st+ce C'stro (ot o(* ere (ot 5ree 5ro te '22e'r'(ce o5 +2ro2r+et b/t )+)

'ro/se s/s2+c+o( t't te+r re*'t+o(s+2 )+) '55ect te+r /)e(t. $e 2o+(ts o/t t't co/rts /st be

'bo3e s/s2+c+o( 't '** t+es *+?e Ce's'rDs +5e, 'r(s t't *oss o5 co(5+)e(ce 5or te Tr+b/('* or '

eber tereo5 so/*) (ot be '**oe) to '22e( +( o/r co/(tr, D'*to/ te 2rocess 's '*re')

be/(.

FFF FFF FFF

H't +s )+sco(cert+( +s t't Att. S'(t+'oDs 'cc/s't+o(s '3e (o b's+s +( 5'ct '() +( *'.1he slur

made is not limited to the #hief 9ustice and Mr. 9ustice #astro. It sweepingl$ casts aspersion on the

whole court . or, +(+b+t+o( +s '*so 's?e) +5, e re2e'te) '( oter /st+ces o '3e rece+3e) 5'3ors

or be(e5+ts )+rect* or +()+rect* 5ro '( o5 te 2et+t+o(ers or '( ebers o5 '( bo'r)-2et+t+o(eror te+r 'e(ts or 2r+(c+2'*s, +(c*/)+( te 2res+)e(t.D 1he a!surdit$ of this posture is at once

apparent. or o(e t+(, te /st+ces o5 t+s Co/rt 're '22o+(te) b te Pres+)e(t '() +( t't se(se

' be co(s+)ere) to '3e e'c rece+3e) ' 5'3or 5ro te Pres+)e(t. So/*) tese /st+ces +(+b+t

tese*3es e3er t+e ' c'se +(3o*3+( te A)+(+str't+o( cro2s /2K S/c ' to/t ' (ot

cert'+(* be e(tert'+(e). Te co(se:/e(ce tereo5 o/*) be to 2'r'*


13/22

1he dignit$ of the #ourt, e*perience teaches, can never !e protected where infraction of ethics meets

with complacenc$ rather than punishment. 1he people should not !e given cause to !rea' faith with

the !elief that a &udge is the epitome of honor amongst men. 1o preserve its dignit$, a court of &ustice

should not $ield to the assaults of disrespect. Punctilio of honor, we prefer to thin', is a standard of

!ehavior so desira!le in a law$er pleading a cause !efore a court of &ustice. ;@1 SCRA 't 1@-=@B

e2's+s s/22*+e)

@. I( In re )lmacen, supra, Att. #+ce(te R'/* A*'ce(, +( 2rotest ''+(st 't e 'sserte) 's ' re't +(/st+ce

co+tte) ''+(st +s c*+e(t b te S/2ree Co/rt, 5+*e) ' Pet+t+o( to S/rre()er !'erDs Cert+5+c'te o5 T+t*e. $e

'**ee) t't +s c*+e(t 's )ee2* 'r+e3e) b t+s Co/rtDs /(/st /)e(t, '() ') becoe o(e o5 te

s'cr+5+c+'* 3+ct+s be5ore te '*t'r o5 2ocr+s, s'+( t't /st+ce 's ')+(+stere) b te 2rese(t ebers o5

te S/2ree Co/rt 's (ot o(* b*+(), b/t '*so )e'5 '() )/b. Att. A*'ce( 3oe) to 'r/e te c'/se o5 +s

c*+e(t +( te 2eo2*eDs 5or/ so t't te 2eo2*e ' ?(o o5 t+s s+*e(t +(/st+ce co+tte) b t+s Co/rtD '()

t't 'te3er +st'?es, ro(s '() +(/st+ces t't ere co+tte) 'J (e3er be re2e'te). Att. A*'ce(

re*e'se) to te 2ress te co(te(ts o5 +s Pet+t+o( '() o( =6 Se2teber 1967, te M'(+*' T+es 2/b*+se)

st'tee(ts 'ttr+b/te) to + 's 5o**os4

#+ce(te R'/* A*'ce(, +( '( /(2rece)e(te) 2et+t+o(, s'+) e )+) (ot eF2ose te

tr+b/('*Ds%unconstitutional and o!no*ious% practice of ar!itraril$ den$ing petitions or appeals withoutan$ reason.

%ec'/se o5 te tr+b/('*Ds Dsort-c/t /st+ce.D A*'ce( )e2*ore), +s c*+e(t 's co()e(e) to 2'

P1=0,000, without 'nowing wh$ he lost the case.

FFF FFF FFF

Tere +s (o /se co(t+(/+( +s *' 2r'ct+ce, A*'ce( s'+) +( t+s 2et+t+o(, %where our upreme #ourt

is composed of men who are calloused to our pleas of &ustice, who ignore without reason their own

applica!le decisions and commit culpa!le violations of the #onstitution with impunit$.%

FFF FFF FFF

$e eF2resse) te o2e t't b )+3est+( +se*5 o5 +s t+t*e b +c e e'r(s +s *+3+(, te 2rese(t

ebers o5 te S/2ree Co/rt %will !ecome responsi!le to all cases !rought to its attention without

discrimination, and will purge itself of those unconstitutional and o!no*ious "lac' of merit% or

"denied resolutions. ;@1 SCRA 't 666B e2's+s s/22*+e)

Att. A*'ce( 's re:/+re) b t+s Co/rt to so c'/se )+sc+2*+('r 'ct+o( so/*) (ot be t'?e( ''+(st +.

$+s eF2*'('t+o(, +c +( 2'rt re')4

FFF FFF FFF

Te 2r'se, 9ustice is !lind

+s sbo*+


14/22

's 5o/() b te Co/rt to be /()+(+5+e) '() c(+c'* '() reecte). Te Co/rt +()e5+(+te* s/s2e()e) A*'ce(

5ro te 2r'ct+ce o5 *' o*)+(, tro/ Mr. /st+ce re) R/+< C'stro, t't A*'ce( ') eFcee)e) te bo/()'r+es

o5 5'+r cr+t+c+s.

. I( Paragas >. #ru:, 7 Co/(se*, ose Pet+t+o( 5or Cer+or'r+ r'( 's )+s+sse) b t+s Co/rt, ')e te 5o**o+(

st'tee(ts +( +s Mot+o( 5or Reco(s+)er't+o(4

Te 2et+t+o(er res2ect5/** 2r's 5or ' reco(s+)er't+o( o5 te reso*/t+o( o5 t+s $o(or'b*e Co/rt

)'te) A2r+* =0,1966 o( te ro/() t't +t co(st+t/tes ' 3+o*'t+o( o5 Sect+o( 1 o5 R/*e 11 = o5 te

R/*es o5 Co/rt 2ro/*'te) b t+s 3er $o(. S/2ree Co/rt, '() o( te 5/rter ro/() t't +t +s

*+?e+se a violation of the most important right in the /ill of +ights of the #onstitution of the

Philippines, a culpa!le violation which is a ground for impeachment.

... Te r/*e o5 *' +( ' )eocr'c so/*) '*'s be /2e*) '() 2rotecte) b '** e'(s, bec'/se te

r/*e o5 *' cre'tes '() 2reser3es 2e'ce '() or)er '() +3es s't+s5'ct+o( '() co(te(te(t to '**

co(cer(e). /ut when the laws and the rules are violated, the victims resort, sometimes, to armed force

and to the wa$s of the cavemen We do not want >er:osa and +e$es repeated again and again, 'illed in

the premises of the upreme #ourt and in those of the #it$ all of Manila. E)/c'te) 2eo2*e so/*)

?ee2 te+r te2er /()er co(tro* 't '** t+esL %/t /st+ce so/*) be )o(e to '** co(cer(e) to2er2et/'te te 3er *+5e o5 "eocr'c o( te 5'ce o5 te e'rt. ;1 SCRA 't 810B e2's+s s/22*+e)

Te Co/rt co(s+)ere) te 'bo3e st'tee(ts 's )ero'tor to te )+(+t o5 te Co/rt '() re:/+re) co/(se* to so

c'/se ')+(+str't+3e 'ct+o( so/*) (ot be t'?e( ''+(st +. Co/(se* *'ter eF2*'+(e) t't e ') ere*

re*'te) 5'ct/'* e3e(ts ;+.e., te ?+**+( o5 #er


15/22

+ts obect te co2*ete reor'(+icente otto, li'e an$ other, is in dut$ !ound to uphold the dignit$ and authorit$ of

this #ourt, to which he owes fidelit$ according to the oath he has ta'en as such attorne$, and not to

promote distrust in the administration of &ustice. +espect to the courts guarantees the sta!ilit$ of other

institutions, which without such guarant$ would !e resting on a ver$ sha'$ foundation. ;8= P+*. 't

601-60=B e2's+s s/22*+e)

6. I( alcedo v. ernande:, 9 Att. #+ce(te r'(c+sco 5+*e) ' Mot+o( be5ore te S/2ree Co/rt +c co(t'+(e) te

5o**o+( 2'r'r'2 ;+( tr'(s*'t+o(4

He so/*) *+?e 5r'(?* '() res2ect5/** to '?e +t o5 recor) t't the resolution of this court , )e(+(

o/r ot+o( 5or reco(s+)er't+o(, +s 'bso*/te* erro(eo/s '() constitutes an outrage to the rights of the

petitioner 8elipe alcedo and a moc'er$ of the popular will e*pressed at the polls +( te /(+c+2'*+t

o5 T+'o(, T''b's. He +s to eF'/st '** te e'(s +t+( o/r 2oer +( or)er t't t+s error '

be correcte) b te 3er co/rt +c 's co+tte) +t, bec'/se e so/*) (ot '(t t't soe

c+t+


16/22


17/22

Co(s+)er+( te ?+()s o5 st'tee(ts o5 *'ers )+sc/sse) 'bo3e +c te Co/rt 's +( te 2'st 2e('*+


18/22

Res2o()e(t Go(


19/22

oot(otes

1 Ro**o o5 G.R. Nos. 79690-707, 22. 98-111, A((eF $-1 o5 Pet+t+o(

= Id ., 22. 1=6-1=9, A((eF I o5 Pet+t+o(.

@ Ro**o o5 G.R. No. 8078, 22. =8-@8, A((eF % o5 Pet+t+o(.

Id., P. @9.

Id., P. 8.

6 Id., 22. 7-8, I(5or't+o(.

7 Id., 22. 9-60.

8 Id., 22. 1-6.

9 Id., 22. 7-9.

10 Id., 2. 96.

11 Id., 22. 98-106.

1= Id., 2. 117.

1@ Id 22. 1=@-1=9.

1 Id., 22. 1@1-1@.

1 Id., P. 1@6.

16 Id., 22. 168-170.

17 A Co(st'(c+' 's '*so 5+*e) be res2o()e(t o( t+s )' 'r/+( te er+ts o5 +s ot+o( '()

s/22*ee(t'* ot+o( 5or reco(s+)er't+o(.

18 Ro**o o5 G.R. No. 8078, 22. 17=-178.

19 Id., 22. 179-188.

=0 Id., 22. 19@-=06.

=1 Id., 22. =08-=10.

== Id., 22. =11-=16.

=@ Id., 22. =18-==.

= Id., 2. ==.

= Id., 2. ==7.

=6 Id., 22. ==8-==9.

=7 Id., 22. @8-@=.

=8 Id 22. =@-=78.

=9 Id., 22. =79-@01.


20/22

@0 Id., 22. @1-@=1.

@1 Art+c*e #III, Sect+o( ; o5 te 1987 Co(st+t/t+o( '() R/*e 1@8, Sect+o(s =7, =8 '() =9, Re3+se)

R/*es o5 Co/rt.

@= R/*e 71, Sect+o( @ ;) Re3+se) R/*es o5 Co/rtB $'*+*+ 3s. Co/rt o5 I()/str+'* Re*'t+o(s. 1@6 SCRA

11= ;198B Mo(t'*b'( 3s. C'(o(o, @8 SCRA, 971 Co+ss+o(er o5 I+r't+o( 3s. C*or+be*, =0

SCRA 1=1 ;1967B S*')e Per?+(s 3s. "+rector o5 Pr+so(s, 8 P+*. =71 ;19@B I( re #+ce(te Pe*'e


21/22

1 I( Re Se3er+(o !o


22/22

7 T+s 's /()erscore) b te( Mr. /st+ce Mor'( +( +s )+sse(t+( o2+(+o( +( Peo2*e 3. A*'rco( It

+t be s/este) t't /)es o 're /(/st* 'tt'c?e) '3e ' ree) +( 'ct+o( 5or *+be*. T+s

s/est+o( 's, oe3er, (o r't+o('* b's+s +( 2r+(c+2*e. I( te 5+rst 2*'ce, te o/tr'e +s (ot )+recte)

to te /)e 's ' 2r+3'te +()+3+)/'* b/t to te /)e 's s/c or to te co/rt 's '( or'( o5 te

')+(+str't+o( o5 /st+ce. I( te seco() 2*'ce, 2/b*+c +(terests +** r'3e* s/55er ere te /)e, 's

s/c, +**, 5ro t+e to t+e, be 2/**e) )o( '() )+srobe) o5 +s /)+c+'* '/tor+t to 5'ce +s

'ss'+*'(t o( e:/'* ro/()s '() 2rosec/te c'ses +( +s be'*5 's ' 2r+3'te +()+3+)/'*. Te s'e

re'so(s o5 2/b*+c 2o*+c +c eFe2t ' /)e 5ro c+3+* *+'b+*+t +( te eFerc+se o5 +s /)+c+'*

5/(ct+o(s, ost 5/()'e(t'* o5 +c +s te 2o*+c to co(5+(e +s t+e eFc*/s+3e* to te )+sc're o5

+s 2/b*+c )/t+es, '22*+es ere +t e:/'*, +5 (ot s/2er+or, 5orce. ... ;69 P+*. =6 't =78 19@9J.

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Zaldivar Va. Gonzales