Did You Know? Your brain contains 100 billion neurons and 60
trillion synapses (cortex)
Slide 3
Did You Know? Your brain contains 100 billion neurons and 60
trillion synapses (cortex) The average adult brain weighs about 1.4
kg (3 lbs)
Slide 4
Did You Know? Your brain contains 100 billion neurons and 60
trillion synapses (cortex) The average adult brain weighs about 1.4
kg (3 lbs) Your brain makes up about 2% of body weight yet takes
20% of the bodys blood supply
Slide 5
Did You Know? Your brain contains 100 billion neurons and 60
trillion synapses (cortex) The average adult brain weighs about 1.4
kg (3 lbs) Your brain makes up about 2% of body weight yet takes
20% of the bodys blood supply Brain does not fully mature until age
25-30 years
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The Key Players: Frontal Lobe: reasoning, judgment, higher
order thinking (NOT fully developed until 25-30 yrs) Temporal Lobe:
hearing, speech Parietal Lobe: pain, pressure, touch, speech
Occipital Lobe: vision
Slide 7
The Major Parts: cerebrum skull meninges (3 layers) spinal cord
thalamus corpus collosum medulla oblongata pituitary gland
cerebellum pons hypothalamus
Slide 8
What the Parts Do: PartsFunctions Cerebrum (cortex) Voluntary
activities, motor control, speech, vision, thinking, pain Corpus
Collosum Thalamus Hypothalamus Pituitary Gland Pons Medulla
Oblongata
Slide 9
What the Parts Do: PartsFunctions Cerebrum (cortex) Voluntary
activities, motor control, speech, vision, thinking, pain Corpus
CallosumConnects right and left hemispheres of cortex Thalamus
Hypothalamus Pituitary Gland Pons Medulla Oblongata
Slide 10
What the Parts Do: PartsFunctions Cerebrum (cortex) Voluntary
activities, motor control, speech, vision, thinking, pain Corpus
CallosumConnects right and left hemispheres of cortex ThalamusSends
information to cortex about sensation, spatial awareness,
sleep-wake cycles and consciousness Hypothalamus Pituitary Gland
Pons Medulla Oblongata
Slide 11
What the Parts Do: PartsFunctions Cerebrum (cortex) Voluntary
activities, motor control, speech, vision, thinking, pain Corpus
CallosumConnects right and left hemispheres of cortex ThalamusSends
information to cortex about sensation, spatial awareness,
sleep-wake cycles and consciousness HypothalamusControls pituitary
gland, controls body temperature, thirst, hunger Pituitary Gland
Pons Medulla Oblongata
Slide 12
What the Parts Do: PartsFunctions Cerebrum (cortex) Voluntary
activities, motor control, speech, vision, thinking, pain Corpus
CallosumConnects right and left hemispheres of cortex ThalamusSends
information to cortex about sensation, spatial awareness,
sleep-wake cycles and consciousness HypothalamusControls pituitary
gland, controls body temperature, thirst, hunger Pituitary
GlandSecretes hormones that control the entire body A.K.A: The
Master Gland Pons Medulla Oblongata
Slide 13
What the Parts Do: PartsFunctions Cerebrum (cortex) Voluntary
activities, motor control, speech, vision, thinking, pain Corpus
CallosumConnects right and left hemispheres of cortex ThalamusSends
information to cortex about sensation, spatial awareness,
sleep-wake cycles and consciousness HypothalamusControls pituitary
gland, controls body temperature, thirst, hunger Pituitary
GlandSecretes hormones that control the entire body A.K.A: The
Master Gland PonsCommunicates between cortex and cerebellum,
contains many cranial nerves that control face Medulla
Oblongata
Slide 14
What the Parts Do: PartsFunctions Cerebrum (cortex) Voluntary
activities, motor control, speech, vision, thinking, pain Corpus
CallosumConnects right and left hemispheres of cortex ThalamusSends
information to cortex about sensation, spatial awareness,
sleep-wake cycles and consciousness HypothalamusControls pituitary
gland, controls body temperature, thirst, hunger Pituitary
GlandSecretes hormones that control the entire body A.K.A: The
Master Gland PonsCommunicates between cortex and cerebellum,
contains many cranial nerves that control face Medulla
OblongataControls functions vital to life such as breathing and
heartbeat
Slide 15
The Inside View:
Slide 16
What the Parts Do Continued: PartsFunctions CerebellumBalance
and movement co-ordination Meninges Skull (cranium) Cranial
nerves
Slide 17
What the Parts Do Continued: PartsFunctions CerebellumBalance
and movement co-ordination MeningesProtection of the brain 3 layers
(dura, arachnoid, pia) Cerebrospinal fluid in between dura and
arachnoid) Skull (cranium) Cranial nerves
Slide 18
What the Parts Do Continued: PartsFunctions CerebellumBalance
and movement co-ordination MeningesProtection of the brain 3 layers
(dura, arachnoid, pia) Cerebrospinal fluid in between dura and
arachnoid) Skull (cranium)Protection and support of brain Cranial
nerves
Slide 19
What the Parts Do Continued: PartsFunctions CerebellumBalance
and movement co-ordination MeningesProtection of the brain 3 layers
(dura, arachnoid, pia) Cerebrospinal fluid in between dura and
arachnoid) Skull (cranium)Protection and support of brain Cranial
nervesBundles of nerves that exit from base of brain 12 cranial
nerves Control of facial muscles, tongue, hearing, vision, smell
Vagus nerve controls viscera (some internal organs)
Slide 20
The View from Below: Optic chiasma
Slide 21
The Brains Blood Supply:
Slide 22
When Things Go Wrong: StrokeConcussionDepression
Slide 23
When Things Go Wrong: Cause: blood clot (embolus) or ruptured
blood vessel (aneurysm) Symptoms: weakness, trouble speaking,
paralysis, severe headache, vision problems Treatment: TPA to bust
clot (must be within 3 hrs), surgery if aneurysm, therapy to
minimize deficits Prevention: control high blood pressure, healthy
lifestyle Stroke
Slide 24
When Things Go Wrong: Brain makes contact with the cranium
(skull) Concussion
Slide 25
When Things Go Wrong: Brain makes contact with the cranium
(skull) Injury not visible on MRI/CT Concussion
Slide 26
When Things Go Wrong: Brain makes contact with the cranium
(skull) Injury not visible on MRI/CT Causes: blow to head, sudden
deceleration Concussion
Slide 27
When Things Go Wrong: Brain makes contact with the cranium
(skull) Injury not visible on MRI/CT Causes: blow to head, sudden
deceleration Symptoms: headache, confusion, dizziness, vision
trouble, vomiting, slurred speech, loss of consciousness
Concussion
Slide 28
When Things Go Wrong: Brain makes contact with the cranium
(skull) Injury not visible on MRI/CT Causes: blow to head, sudden
deceleration Symptoms: headache, confusion, dizziness, vision
trouble, vomiting, slurred speech, loss of consciousness
Concussion
Slide 29
When Things Go Wrong: Treatment: Need to see a doctor ASAP,
then rest, gradual return to activity (only if symptom free!) on
Dr.s advice Prevention: Wear proper brain bucket for activity
(A.K.A-helmet), proper training Concussion Continued:
Slide 30
When Things Go Wrong: Persistent feelings of sadness,
worthlessness, helplessness, self-blame Depression
Slide 31
When Things Go Wrong: Persistent feelings of sadness,
worthlessness, helplessness, self- blame Causes: complex,
biochemical imbalance, may occur after stress or loss
Depression
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When Things Go Wrong: Persistent feelings of sadness,
worthlessness, helplessness, self-blame Causes: complex,
biochemical imbalance, may occur after stress or loss Symptoms:
behaviour changes, physical complaints, eating more or less, sleep
disturbances, thoughts of suicide Depression
Slide 33
When Things Go Wrong: Treatment: counseling, exercise, anti-
depressants Under diagnosed Perceived stigma in society still
exists Depression Continued: