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Families on the Periodic TableThe vertical columns are called families and
are labeled from 1 to 8. The middle Family that doesn’t have a number is called the transition metals
Elements on the periodic table are grouped into families bases on their chemical properties.
Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table.
Elements in each family react differently with other elements.
HydrogenHydrogen belongs to a
family of its own and is a non-metal
Hydrogen is a reactive gas.
Hydrogen was involved in the explosion of the Hindenberg.
Hydrogen is promising as an alternative fuel source for automobiles
color hydrogen color 1
ALKALI METALSFamily 11 valence electron in the outer
shellSoft and silvery metalsVery reactiveConducts electricityHydrogen is not a member, it is
a non-metalColor the rest of this Family
color 2
ALKALINE EARTH METALSFamily 22 valence electrons
in the outer shellWhite and malleable
metalsReactive, but less
than Alkali metalsConduct electricityColor the Alkaline
Earth Metals color 3
TRANSITION METALSMiddle Family
Good conductors of heat and electricity.
Some are used for jewelry.
Can bond with many elements
Color Transition Metals color 4
BORON FAMILY Family 33 valence
electrons in the outer shell
Most are metalsBoron is a
metalloidColor Boron
Family color 5
CARBON FAMILY Family 44 valence
electrons in the outer shell
Contains metals, metalloids, and a non-metal Carbon (C)
Color Carbon Family with color 6
NITROGEN FAMILY Family 55 valence electrons
in the outer shellCan share electrons
to form compoundsContains metals,
metalloids, and non-metals
Color the nitrogen family with color 7
OXYGEN FAMILY or Chalcogens Family 66 valence
electrons in the outer shell
Contains metals, metalloids, and non-metals
ReactiveColor the
Oxygen family with color 8
Halogens Family 77 valence
electrons in the outer shell
All are non-metals
Very reactive are often bonded with elements from Family 1
Color the Halogen group with color 9
Noble GasesFamily 8Exist as gasesNot reactive with
other elementsNon-metals8 valence electrons
in the outer shell = Full
Helium (He) has only 2 electrons in the outer shell = Full
Color the noble gases with color 10
Rare Earth Metals Some are Radioactive
The rare earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals.
Conduct electricity
Color Rare Earth Metals with color 11