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Yarn Count Numbering System
Yarn Count Numbering System
Rana Sohel Executive Engineer Sunman Textile Mills Ltd.
Chittagong Cell: +8801912-420118 Email: [email protected]
CountCount is the numerical expression which expresses
coarseness or fineness of yarn. It means that, the yarn count
refers how much a yarn is fine or course. We also can say that the
yarn count number indicates the length of yarn in relation to the
weight.
But according to the Textile Institute, they define yarn count
as Count, a number indicating the mass per unit length or length
per unit mass of a yarn.
Yarn count is also known as yarn number or linear density.
System of Count NumberingDifferent system or units are used to
measuring the yarn count or yarn number which mostly depends on the
material used for preparing the yarn and the area where it was
manufactured.
Count numbering system can be grouped as following categories;
Analytical System & Instrumental System.
Analytical SystemActually this process is consisting with some
other systems based on several calculations and this is why it is
called Analytical system. The systems are including; Direct System
& Indirect System
Direct SystemIn this process the count is based on the number of
weight units in a length unit. Thus the size or bulkiness of the
yarn is directly proportional to the count number. A coarser yarn
will have a higher count number while a finer yarn will have a
lower count number.The system is used for very fine and very coarse
yarns. This system is mostly used for silk, jute etc.
We can work in this system by following categories;TexDenier
&Jute Count
TexIt can be defined as the weight present in 1000 meter of yarn
in grams where length of yarn is fixed. It means that, for example,
if there is a 1000 meter of yarn and have a weight of 20gm then the
yarn count will be 20tex. Because tex refers the weight in gram of
unit length.
Here is the equation for determining the yarn count in Tex;
Weight in grams Tex = Length in 1000 meter
Sample weight in gm X Unit length (1000m) Or, Tex = Sample
length in meter
An extra qualification of Tex system we know that it is known as
the universal process of yarn count which is introduce by
International Standard Organization (ISO) with several textile
scientists, technologists and manufacturers.
DenierIt is defined as the weight of yarn thread in grams
presented in per 9000 meter length of that yarn. It is just like
about Tex system only has to change the unit length from 1000m to
9000m and then the equation of denier becomes as;
Sample weight in gm X Unit length (9000m) Den = Sample length in
meter
As an example we can say about 454 meter of yarn containing 5
gram of weight then the count in Den will be
6 X 9000 Den = 454
= 118.9 den
Jute CountThe weight of yarn of 1 lb present in 14400 yds length
of yarn is known as jute count or pounds per spindle.
Indirect SystemIn this system the count of yarn expresses the
number of length units in one weight unit. Higher the count finer
is the yarn. This system is generally used for cotton, worsted,
woolen, linen (wet spun), etc. The indirect system covers the
majority of the important types of yarns. The count is based on the
number of length units in one weight unit
This is also having some sub-system as following;Cotton
CountMetric Count &Worsted count.
Cotton CountActually by the term cotton count can be defined as
the number of hanks of 840 yds presented in 1 lb weight of yarn.
This is also known as British or English count. It is denoted by
Ne
The equation of cotton count measurement is as following;
Length in hanks of 840 ydsCount, Ne =
Weight in lbs
Sample length in yds X unit weightOr, Ne = Sample weight in lbs
X unit length
Now for an example, if we consider a yarn sample of 2000 yds
with a weight of 0.08 lb then the cotton count will be
2000 X 1 Count, Ne = 0.08 X 840
= 29.7 Ne
Metric CountMetric count is express 1000 gm or 1 kg weight of
yarn can contains how many numbers of hanks of 1000 meter. It is
denoted by Nm.
The formula of measuring metric count is;
Sample length in meter X unit weight Metric Count, Nm = Sample
weight in kg X unit length
For example, if we consider a yarn of 2000m having the weight of
450g. So the count in metric system will be
2000 X 1 Metric Count, Nm = 0.45 X 1000
= 4.4 Nm
Worsted CountIt is the number of hanks of 560 yds presented in 1
lb weight of yarn is known as worsted count which is widely used
for yarn composed by wool.
Instrumental SystemBy this process count of yarn is measured by
using different sorts of instrument where any kind of calculation
is not needed and we can get directly the yarn count. The machines
which are mostly used of count measurement are given bellow;
Beesley BalanceWrap Reel BalanceQuadrant BalanceStubb Yarn
Balance
1. Beesley Balance:When a cotton yarn is supplied in short
length or removed from fabric, the count of yarn can be measured by
a special type of balance is called Beesleys balance.Beesley
Balance
2. Wrap Reel BalanceBy this standard method of count testing,
the count of any type of a yarn can be calculated. In this system
yarn is measured by the wrap reel counter. In case of cotton, the
circumference of wrap reel is 1 yd and required yarn is 120 yds.
Again in case of jute, wrap reel circumference is 2.5 yds and
required yarn is 300 yds.
3. Quadrant BalanceQuadrant balance is one type of typical
balance. This is direct reading instrument. The count can be
directly measure from quadrant balance.
4. Stubb Yarn BalanceStubb yarn balance is also worked on the
basis of fixed length & fixed weight as like a Beesley balance
and it is used to find the count of fabric sample. Here the number
of fixed weight yarn gives the count of yarn.
You can also read:System of Conversion of Yarn Count
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Editor-in-Chief:
Mazharul Islam Kiron is a textile consultant and researcher on
online business promotion. He is working with one European textile
machinery company as a country agent. He is also a contributor of
Wikipedia.
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