XiXianan AdolescentsAdolescents Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior,

and the Influence Factors on and the Influence Factors on Smoking Smoking

HuaHua Fang Fang Faculty of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, CollegeCollege of Medicine, of Medicine, XiXianan JiaotongJiaotong University. University. ShaanxiShaanxi ChinaChina

IntroductionIntroduction

Smoking is a serious medical and Smoking is a serious medical and social problem in the world. social problem in the world.

According to the WHO estimation, the According to the WHO estimation, the total number of smoker in the world total number of smoker in the world was about 1,300,000,000, and the was about 1,300,000,000, and the number in China was about number in China was about 350,000,000 in 2007. 350,000,000 in 2007.

Purpose of the studyPurpose of the study

To study adolescentsTo study adolescents knowledge, knowledge, attitude, behavior (KAB), and to attitude, behavior (KAB), and to identify the factors which influence identify the factors which influence smoking in smoking in XiXianan, , ShaanxiShaanxi province.province.

Methods Methods

A A correlationalcorrelational, descriptive , descriptive design was used for this study. design was used for this study.

Approved by the Institutional Approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee.Ethics Committee.

SampleSample

A stratified cluster sampling A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select method was used to select 1224 middle school students 1224 middle school students from 4 middle schools of from 4 middle schools of XiXianan, , China. China.

InstrumentInstrument

A pre tested questionnaire (16 items) A pre tested questionnaire (16 items) was used to obtain socio demographic was used to obtain socio demographic data, family circumstances, and school data, family circumstances, and school circumstances. circumstances.

A knowledge, attitude and behavior A knowledge, attitude and behavior questionnaire regarding smoking questionnaire regarding smoking Reliability was 0.Reliability was 0.8686 was used to collect was used to collect the KAB data.the KAB data.

InstrumentInstrument

There are 18 items in knowledge, attitude and There are 18 items in knowledge, attitude and behavior questionnaire including 6 items for behavior questionnaire including 6 items for cigarette knowledge, 6 items of smoking cigarette knowledge, 6 items of smoking attitude and 6 items of smoking behavior. attitude and 6 items of smoking behavior.

The total score of cigarette knowledge ranges The total score of cigarette knowledge ranges from 0 to 12, the total score of smoking from 0 to 12, the total score of smoking attitude ranges from 6 to 30, higher score attitude ranges from 6 to 30, higher score means more cigarette knowledge or positive means more cigarette knowledge or positive attitude. attitude.

Data analysisData analysis

Descriptive statisticsDescriptive statistics

percentage, mean, standard deviation, percentage, mean, standard deviation, frequency;frequency;

Inferential statisticsInferential statistics

tt--test, test, ChisquareChisquare test, Pearsontest, Pearsons s correlation, and logistic regression correlation, and logistic regression were used. were used.

ResultsResults

AdolescentsAdolescents characteristics(1)characteristics(1) N=1152N=1152

GradeGrade nn %%77--99 605605 52.552.5

1010--1212 547547 47.547.5GenderGender

malemale 568568 49.349.3femalefemale 584584 50.750.7

AdolescentsAdolescents characteristics(2)characteristics(2) N=1152N=1152

Skipping class in Skipping class in this semesterthis semester

nn %%

nono 997997 86.586.5

1 time1 time 155155 13.513.5

AdolescentsAdolescents characteristics(3)characteristics(3) N=1152N=1152

Feeling Negative Feeling Negative emotionemotion

nn %%

SeldomSeldom 655655 56.956.9SometimesSometimes 352352 30.630.6

oftenoften 145145 12.612.6

AdolescentsAdolescents characteristics on characteristics on family(1) N=1152family(1) N=1152

MotherMothers s Educational LevelEducational Level nn %%

Primary levelPrimary level 278278 24.124.1

Secondary levelSecondary level 874874 75.975.9FatherFathers s Educational LevelEducational Level

Primary levelPrimary level 203203 17.617.6

Secondary levelSecondary level 949949 82.482.4

AdolescentsAdolescents characteristics on characteristics on family(2) N=1152family(2) N=1152

Dose your father smoke?Dose your father smoke? nn %%Yes Yes 789789 68.568.5No No 363363 31.531.5

Dose your mother smoke?Dose your mother smoke?Yes Yes 5353 4.64.6No No 10991099 95.495.4

AdolescentsAdolescents characteristics on characteristics on family(3) N=1152family(3) N=1152

MotherMothers attitude on s attitude on children smokingchildren smoking

n n %%

supportsupport 7878 6.86.8oppositionopposition 10741074 93.293.2

FatherFathers attitude on s attitude on children smokingchildren smoking

supportsupport 8989 7.77.7oppositionopposition 10631063 92.392.3

AdolescentsAdolescents characteristics on characteristics on family(4) N=1152family(4) N=1152

Does your parents Does your parents believe in you?believe in you?

nn %%

YesYes 916916 79.579.5

I donI dont knowt know 135135 11.711.7NoNo 101101 8.88.8

AdolescentsAdolescents Knowledge, Attitude Knowledge, Attitude N=1152N=1152

ItemsItems RangeRange LowestLowestscorescore

HighestHighestscorescore

MeanMean S.D.S.D.

KnowledgeKnowledgescorescore

00--1212 1.001.00 12.0012.00 9.119.11 1.981.98

AttitudeAttitudescorescore

66--3030 9.009.00 30.0030.00 24.4624.46 3.683.68

AdolescentsAdolescents behavior N=1152behavior N=1152

BehaviorBehavior nn %%had ever tried cigarette smokinghad ever tried cigarette smoking

1 breath1 breath351351 30.530.5

had smoked a whole cigarettehad smoked a whole cigarette 182182 15.815.8had smoked cigarettes onhad smoked cigarettes on1 day in the 1 day in the

30 days preceding the survey30 days preceding the survey 7676 6.66.6

had smoked cigarettes onhad smoked cigarettes on20 days in 20 days in the 30 days preceding the surveythe 30 days preceding the survey 2727 2.32.3

The female adolescents had a The female adolescents had a

more positive attitude towards more positive attitude towards smoking than males smoking than males (t=4.742, (t=4.742, p

Correlation between KABCorrelation between KAB

There was a positive relationship between There was a positive relationship between the knowledge and attitude on smoking the knowledge and attitude on smoking (r=0.251 p

Influence factorsInfluence factors

The factors which influence smoking The factors which influence smoking

GenderGender OR=2.111, p

ConclusionsConclusions

The adolescents had a medium level of The adolescents had a medium level of cigarette knowledge, and a positive attitude cigarette knowledge, and a positive attitude towards smoking. But the rate that they had towards smoking. But the rate that they had ever tried cigarette smokingever tried cigarette smoking1 breath was high. 1 breath was high.

The higher knowledge score and the more The higher knowledge score and the more positive attitude, the fewer smoking behaviors. positive attitude, the fewer smoking behaviors.

ConclusionsConclusions

It could result in adolescents smoking in It could result in adolescents smoking in which male, senior, lower knowledge score, which male, senior, lower knowledge score, lower attitude score, skipping class, lower attitude score, skipping class, mothermothers educational level is lower than s educational level is lower than Primary level, parents support adolescents Primary level, parents support adolescents smoking, and parents donsmoking, and parents dont believe in t believe in children. children.

SuggestionsSuggestions

Improve adolescents knowledge Improve adolescents knowledge about smokingabout smoking

Make them aware of the harmful Make them aware of the harmful effects of smoking to change their effects of smoking to change their behaviorbehavior

Parents support and counseling Parents support and counseling needs to be improvedneeds to be improved

Thank you for Thank you for youryour attentionattention

Xian Adolescents Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, and the Influence Factors on Smoking IntroductionPurpose of the studyMethods SampleInstrumentInstrumentData analysisResultsAdolescents characteristics(1)N=1152Adolescents characteristics(2) N=1152Adolescents characteristics(3) N=1152Adolescents characteristics on family(1) N=1152Adolescents characteristics on family(2) N=1152Adolescents characteristics on family(3) N=1152Adolescents characteristics on family(4) N=1152Adolescents Knowledge, Attitude N=1152 Adolescents behavior N=1152Slide Number 19 Correlation between KABInfluence factorsConclusionsConclusionsSuggestionsSlide Number 25