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www.oneaccess-net.com [email protected]
18 April 2023
Business-Class Router Solutions – All Telecommunication Services in One Access
Copyright © OneAccess Networks – All rights reserved
4.5 OneOs DownloadingSoftware Upgrade
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B u s i n e s s - C l a s s R o u t e r S o l u t i o n s
Software upgrade - Loading a New OneOs Image
5 steps:
1. Check for free volume on the flash memory(Note: In the flash memory there is a space for 2 OneOs images. =>
when testing a new sw image you can keep the old image loaded in the flash)
2. Download a new sw image file
3. Check the new sw image file integrity
4. Rename the sw image file name
5. Reboot
5 steps:
1. Check for free volume on the flash memory(Note: In the flash memory there is a space for 2 OneOs images. =>
when testing a new sw image you can keep the old image loaded in the flash)
2. Download a new sw image file
3. Check the new sw image file integrity
4. Rename the sw image file name
5. Reboot
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OneOs> help commands
cat - Display contents of a file cd - Change working directory clear - Reset functions copy - Copy a file date - Print/set the date devs - List or change all system-known devices format - Format the flash ls - List files mkdir - Create directory mv - Move file (you can use this command to rename a file) pwd - Print curent working directory serial-port - Change serial port caracteristics rm - Remove (Delete) a file show - Show running system information system - System settings time - Print/set the time user - User configuration who - Display users currently logged in
OneOs> help commands
cat - Display contents of a file cd - Change working directory clear - Reset functions copy - Copy a file date - Print/set the date devs - List or change all system-known devices format - Format the flash ls - List files mkdir - Create directory mv - Move file (you can use this command to rename a file) pwd - Print curent working directory serial-port - Change serial port caracteristics rm - Remove (Delete) a file show - Show running system information system - System settings time - Print/set the time user - User configuration who - Display users currently logged in
CLI Administration Commands
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1. Checking Flash Memory Space
Note: If there is not enough of free space, one of the OneOs binaries must be removed ( command « rm ») from the flash memory ( /BSA/binaries/ )
OneOs> show device status flash :
(check the last two lines of displayed output):
available space: 3024896 bytesmax avail. contig space: 1722368 bytesOneOs>
OneOs> show device status flash :
(check the last two lines of displayed output):
available space: 3024896 bytesmax avail. contig space: 1722368 bytesOneOs>
Before downloading the new OneOs image check available flash size. Minimum required free flash space = 6 MBytes
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Read the bsaBoot.inf file to see the current image location and name:
2. Software file download (1/2)
OneOs> cd /BSA/binariesOneOs> cd /BSA/binaries
OneOs> cd BSAOneOs> cat bsaBoot.inf
flash:/BSA/binaries/OneOs (software image/binary) flash:/BSA/config/bsaStart.cfg (configuration file)
OneOs> cd BSAOneOs> cat bsaBoot.inf
flash:/BSA/binaries/OneOs (software image/binary) flash:/BSA/config/bsaStart.cfg (configuration file)
Note: “bsaBoot.inf” text file is a definition of: a) which software binary (image with OneOs operating system) is loaded during boot processb) which configuration file is loaded during boot process
Note: Directory /BSA/binaries is used for storing software binaries ( images with OneOs operating system). Normally there is enough space for 2 images.
Move to the right folder:
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OneOs> ftp 10.10.10.11 (FTP Server IP address)username:oneadmin (login to FTP Server)password:oneadminOneOs(ftp session)> cd <ONEOS_directory>OneOs(ftp session)> get ONEOS1-VOIP-H323-V3.6R10E15.ZZZ OneOs(ftp session)>OneOs(ftp session)> byeOneOs>
OneOs> ftp 10.10.10.11 (FTP Server IP address)username:oneadmin (login to FTP Server)password:oneadminOneOs(ftp session)> cd <ONEOS_directory>OneOs(ftp session)> get ONEOS1-VOIP-H323-V3.6R10E15.ZZZ OneOs(ftp session)>OneOs(ftp session)> byeOneOs>
Note: Using the command “get” you will load required OneOs image from the external FTP server.After loading the image you will check integrity and rename it using command “mv” - see next slides.
2. Software file download (2/2)
Log in to an external FTP server and load the new image :
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3. Verification of Software Integrity
CLI> show soft-file info [<path>/]<filename>CLI> show soft-file info ONEOS1-VOIP-H323-V3.6R10E15.ZZZone200-COLT>sh soft-file info OneOsBinary file informations : file name = /BSA/binaries/OneOs software version = ONEOS1-VOIP_H323-V3.6R10E14 software creation date = 19/04/07 18:17:57 file size = 6360069 (0x610C05) header checksum = 0x8B3BA334 computed checksum = 0x8B3BA334 target device = One30/50/60/200file is OKCLI>CLI> verify soft-file [<path>/]<filename>CLI> verify soft-file NewOneOsfile is OKCLI>
CLI> show soft-file info [<path>/]<filename>CLI> show soft-file info ONEOS1-VOIP-H323-V3.6R10E15.ZZZone200-COLT>sh soft-file info OneOsBinary file informations : file name = /BSA/binaries/OneOs software version = ONEOS1-VOIP_H323-V3.6R10E14 software creation date = 19/04/07 18:17:57 file size = 6360069 (0x610C05) header checksum = 0x8B3BA334 computed checksum = 0x8B3BA334 target device = One30/50/60/200file is OKCLI>CLI> verify soft-file [<path>/]<filename>CLI> verify soft-file NewOneOsfile is OKCLI>
Verify loaded image for integrity :
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4. Rename and 5. Reboot
OneOs> mv OneOs OneOs_OLDOneOs> mv ONEOS1-VOIP-H323-V3.6R10E15.ZZZ OneOsOneOs> reboot
Do you want to save the running configuration ? (Y/N)Do you want to reboot ? (Y/N)
OneOs> mv OneOs OneOs_OLDOneOs> mv ONEOS1-VOIP-H323-V3.6R10E15.ZZZ OneOsOneOs> reboot
Do you want to save the running configuration ? (Y/N)Do you want to reboot ? (Y/N)
Note: - To display available files use command : “ls”- Using the command “mv” you rename the old image “OneOs” to a new name : “OneOs_OLD”- Using the command “mv” you rename the new image “ONEOS1-VOIP-H3236V3.6R10E14.ZZZ” to a new name : “OneOs”. Image “OneOs” will be loaded after reboot. (see the definition in “/BSA/bsaBoot.inf” file)
Rename the old and new OneOs images and reboot the ONE device :
www.oneaccess-net.com [email protected]
18 April 2023
Business-Class Router Solutions – All Telecommunication Services in One Access
Copyright © OneAccess Networks – All rights reserved
4.5 Trouble Shooting Show Statistics Commands
Event FiltersSystem Logging
Capture ToolDebug Tool
Troubleshooting Commands
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Show Interface Statistics
For “IP” interfacesCLI> show interface <type><unit>CLI> show interface fastethernet 0/0FastEthernet 0/0 is up, line protocol is down Flags: (0x8023) BROADCAST MULTICAST ARP, interface index is 101 Encapsulation: Ethernet v2, MTU 1500 bytes Hardware address is 00:12:ef:20:03:04, ARP timeout 7200 sec Internet address is 192.168.0.10/24, broadcast address is 192.168.0.255 Duplex unknown, Output queuing strategy: fifo, output queue length/depth 0/126 IN: 0 packets, 0 bytes, 0 non-unicast packets 0 unknown protocols, 0 errors, 0 queue drops OUT: 1 packets, 60 bytes, 0 non-unicast packets 0 errors, 0 collisions, 0 queue dropsCLI>CLI> show interfaces atm 0.1CLI> show interfaces loopback 1
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Show Interface Statistics
For “no IP” interfacesCLI> show adsl--- Configuration of the ADSL Line ---Type annex configured : GDMT (ADSL.ANNEX-A)Modem software version : 0220Modem state : Modem in Showtime
Upstream Bitrate Fast : 0 kbpsDownstream Bitrate Fast : 0 kbpsUpstream Bitrate Interleaved : 160 kbpsDownstream Bitrate Interleaved : 608 kbpsDownstream Noise Margin : 29 dBUpstream Noise Margin : 31 dBDownstream Transmit Power : 1 dBUpstream Transmit Power : 12 dBDownstream Attenuation : 1 dBUpstream Attenuation : 3 dB
. . . . . . . . . . Power-on LastreadRx cells count : 0000000111 0000000111Tx cells count : 0000000016 0000000016Rx overrun cells count : 0000000000 0000000000Rx HEC error cells count : 0000000000 0000000000Idle cell errors : 0000000000 0000000000
Type annex : GDMT (ADSL.ANNEX-A)Up-Down counter : 0Showtime duration : 0d 0h 0m 58s
CLI> show serial 0/0 CLI> show gshdsl
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Show Protocol Statistics
CLI> show statistics pvc pppoa 0 PPPoA PVC Statistics of ATM interface 0
PVC Pppoa Statistics : vcd = 1, vpi = 8, vci = 35, vcn =
LCP Statistics :PPP LCP: OPENLocal MRU: 1500, Remote MRU: 1500tx packets : 19, tx bytes : 232 rx packets : 18, rx bytes : 220 packets rx > max size : 0 packets rx < min size : 0 tx packets Config Req : 4, rx packets Config Req : 1 tx packets Config Acq : 1, rx packets Config Acq : 3 tx packets Config Nak : 0, rx packets Config Nak : 0 tx packets Config Rej : 0, rx packets Config Rej : 0 tx packets Termination Req: 0, rx packets Termination Req: 0 tx packets Termination Acq: 0, rx packets Termination Acq: 0 tx packets Code Rej : 0, rx packets Code Rej : 0 tx packets Protocol Rej : 0, rx packets Protocol Rej : 0 tx packets Echo Req : 7, rx packets Echo Req : 7 tx packets Echo Rep : 7, rx packets Echo Rep : 7 tx packets Discard Req : 0, rx packets Discard Req : 0 tx packets Identification : 0, rx packets Identification : 0 tx packets Time remaining : 0, rx packets Time remaining : 0
NCP Statistics :PPP IPCP: OPENlocal address is 20.19.1.4 (ip unnumbered) remote Addr is 20.19.1.3dns server configured : 220.6.2.201, 220.6.2.100tx packets : 3, tx bytes : 108 rx packets : 3, rx bytes : 84 packets rx > max size : 0 packets rx < min size : 0 Time for establishing PPP connection 20.18 secondsTime since established PPP connection 75.22 secondsCLI>
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Show Protocol Statistics
CLI> show statistics serial 0/0
Statistics for interface serial 0/0 : X25 encapsulation
Statistics for LINK LEVEL LAYER (LAPB). . . . . . . . . . . .Statistics for PACKET LAYER. . . . . . . . . . . .CLI>CLI> show statistics ? authentication - Display authentication statistics connect - Show connection statistics frame-relay - Show frame relay statistics frfiwf - Show all connection statistics ima - Show ima statistics isdn - Show statistics isdn pstn - show pstn statistics pvc - Show pvc statistics radius - Show RADIUS statistics serial - Show statistics serial interface tacacs - Display TACACS+ statistics xot - XOT statisticsCLI>
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Troubleshoot verbosity level
3 different levels of verbosity info/traces: Level 1: Information
Level 2: Event
Level 3: Debug / Traces
21:25:52.922 #NOTIFY# IF: FastEthernet 0/0 is UP
00:56:43.760 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Outgoing call on voip id: 1,calling: 33141877402, called: 493022611102, call-id: 68.
01:08:37.037 UAS [192.168.16.250:5060] -> UAC [192.168.1.10:5060] INVITE 183 Session Progresscall-id:[email protected] (UDP)SIP/2.0 183 Session ProgressCall-ID: [email protected]: 102 INVITEFrom: "Derrick" <sip:[email protected]>;tag=as00007394To: <sip:[email protected]>;tag=6D1Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.1.10:5060;received=192.168.1.10;rport=5060;branch=z9hG4bK0000199dContent-Length: 0
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Event Function Logging
Events for interfaces and protocols can be sent to: console Telnet log file into the file system SNMP traps Syslog
Filters must be defined to specify: event family:
admin, ip, sys (interface drivers), vox (voice protocols), wan an output device (console or log file):
LOG for log file output (RAMDISK:/event1.log) MEM for memory buffers (can be displayed in the Telnet client) SHOW for console output on the console port SYSLOG to send traces to syslog servers TRAP to send as SNMP traces
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Functions for Event Logging
Event logging configuration:
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Functions for Event Logging
Event logging configuration:
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Functions for Event Logging
Event logging configuration:
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Functions for Event Logging
Event logging configuration:
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Event Example
One100> event filter add vox all mem
00:56:40.169 Info vox voip controlplan 3 FXS port 5/2 status: off-hook.00:56:41.569 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Incoming call on local port: 5/2, calling:, called: 4, call-id: 68.
00:56:41.769 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Overlap dialing, number: 9, call-id: 68.00:56:41.959 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Overlap dialing, number: 3, call-id: 68.00:56:42.159 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Overlap dialing, number: 0, call-id: 68.00:56:42.359 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Overlap dialing, number: 2, call-id: 68.00:56:42.549 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Overlap dialing, number: 2, call-id: 68.00:56:42.749 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Overlap dialing, number: 6, call-id: 68.00:56:42.939 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Overlap dialing, number: 1, call-id: 68.00:56:43.760 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Outgoing call on voip id: 1, calling: 33141877402, called: 49302261, call-id: 68.00:56:43.899 Info vox voip userplan 3 VoIP RTP reception started, coder: G729, call-id: 68.00:56:43.929 Info vox voip userplan 3 VoIP RTP transmission started, coder: G729, call-id: 68.00:56:43.949 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Alert received, call-id: 68.00:56:48.529 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Call connected, call-id: 68.00:56:58.131 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Call disconnection received on voip id: 1, cause: (16)[Normal call clearing],call-id: 68.00:56:58.159 Info vox voip userplan 3 VoIP RTP transmission stopped, coder: G729, call-id: 68.00:56:58.159 Info vox voip userplan 3 VoIP RTP reception stopped, coder: G729, call-id: 68.00:57:02.240 Info vox voip controlplan 3 FXS port 5/2 status: on-hook.
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‘Event’ Example
CLI> event filter add vox voip all memCLI> monitor events
00:13:44.092 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Incoming call on voip id: 0, calling: 141870024, called: 9001, call-id: 8.00:13:44.093 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Outgoing call on local port: 5/0, calling: 141870024, called: 9001, call-id: 8.00:13:44.305 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Alert received, call-id: 8.00:13:44.320 Info vox voip userplan 3 VoIP RTP transmission started, coder: G729, call-id: 8.00:13:44.420 Info vox voip userplan 3 VoIP RTP reception started, coder: G729,call-id: 8.00:13:45.456 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Call connected, call-id: 8.00:13:48.200 Info vox voip userplan 3 VoIP RTP transmission stopped, coder: G729, call-id: 8.00:13:48.200 Info vox voip userplan 3 VoIP RTP reception stopped, coder: G729,call-id: 8.00:13:48.201 Info vox voip controlplan 3 Call Disconnection received on voip id: 0, cause: (16)[Normal call clearing], call-id: 8.
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Event management
1. Add an event filter
2. Event filter display
3. Remove an event filter
4. Remove all event filters
one100>event filter add wan dialisdn all show
one100>show event filterFilter 1: g:vox f: all, sf: all, sever: All, type: All,action mem+, argumentFilter 2: g:wan f: +pppoa, sf: all, sever: All, type: All,action mem+, argumentFilter 3: g:wan f: +dialisdn, sf: all, sever: All, type: All,action show+, argu
one100>event filter remove 3
one100>event filter remove all
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System Logging
Redirection of traces:
CLI> configure terminalCLI(configure)> logging buffered debug
consolefilesyslog
buffered: stored in device memory. Use the command «monitor trace» to view the buffered tracesconsole: the traces are output on the console interfacefile: the traces are recorded under ramdisk:/trace1.log and ramdisk:/trace2.log (circular) syslog: the traces are send to a syslog server.
CLI(configure)> show loggingTo view the buffered logs.
Another type of logging is the system logging, more intended to IP protocols and functions. It works along with any ‘debug <…>’ command.
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System Logging
System logging defines where debug and traces should be redirected to, and the associated severity level :
System logging defines the severity level of traces
one100(configure)>loggingbuffered - Buffered logging severityconfig-history - History of config commandsconsole - Console logging severityevent - Event loggingfile - File logging severityrecover - File name to save loggings from buffersyslog - Syslog logging severitytelnet - Logging for telnet sessionstimestamp - Timestamp debug/log messages
one100(configure)>logging bufferedalerts - Imediate action needed (severity = 1)critical - Critical conditions (severity = 2)debug - Debugging messages (severity = 7)errors - Error conditions (severity = 3)informational - Informational messages (severity = 6)notifications - Normal but significant conditions (severity = 5)size - increase the bufferlog sizewarnings - Warning conditions (severity = 4)
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Events redirected to telnet session
1. Event filter definition:
2. Event redirection to telnet session:
one100>event filter add vox all memone100>event filter add wan pppoa all
Username:adminPassword:
one100>monitor events
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Debug Function
CLI> debug sip L….. CLI> debug isdn L….. :
Sample Activate rip event traces
OneOs> debug ip rip events
12:42:01.679: RIP: sending v2 RESPONSE to 224.0.0.9 via Ethernet0 (192.1.1.1)12:42:11.088: RIP: received v2 RESPONSE from 192.1.1.2 on Ethernet 0
OneOs> no debug ip rip events
Activate rip database traces
OneOs> debug ip rip database
16:40:41.871: RIP-DB: adding route to 194.1.1.0/24 through 192.1.1.216:43:41.799: RIP-DB: changing metric to 16 for route 194.1.1.0/24 through 192.1.1.216:45:41.799: RIP-DB: deleting route to 194.1.1.0/24 through 192.1.1.2
OneOs> no debug ip rip database
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Debug / traces redirected to Telnet session
1. Debug or/and trace definition:
2. Traces buffering:
3. Traces redirected to Telnet session:
one100>debug sip level 3one100>trace filter add vox up ifp 2 mem
one100>configure terminalone100(configure)>logging buffered debugone100(configure)>exit
Username:adminPassword:
one100>monitor trace
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Analysing Input/Output Traffic
Decoding packets at the physical interface level: capture ATM traffic on a specific pvc atm-capture <vpi> <vci> verbose <verbosity> […] serial-capture vxx0 verbose <verbosity> […]
Decoding IP packet: debug ip packet { in | out } [<acl>][exclude-telnet]
‘Capture tool’: Enables to filter and decode only specified flows on an interface Captured packets can be stored in a *.cap file
(comprehensive decoding using Ethereal or Wireshark)
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B u s i n e s s - C l a s s R o u t e r S o l u t i o n s
ATM Capture
ATM-capture mode: example
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B u s i n e s s - C l a s s R o u t e r S o l u t i o n s
Capture
Capture mode filter specifies captured traffic / <ESC> stops the capture mode example:
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B u s i n e s s - C l a s s R o u t e r S o l u t i o n s
‘Capture’ configuration example:
Upload file:
Analysing Input/Output Traffic
CLI > captureCLI(capture)> filter allCLI(capture)> attach 1 atm 0.1CLI(capture)> exitCLI> monitor capture 1 verbose 3 file capture.cap
CLI> copy capture.cap1 tftp://<serveur>/<path>/<name>
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B u s i n e s s - C l a s s R o u t e r S o l u t i o n s
Capture on Ethereal
Here, we can see all details of RIP updates. Sharp precision, deep protocol analysis.
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Troubleshooting Tools
Ping source/dest. IP, few TOS values, packet length, frequency
Trace-Route (‘traceroute’ networks) List of traversed network nodes to check routing configuration and to
detect discontinuity points
Extended ping (‘xping’ command) Ping with many configurable characteristics
(source, DF-bit, TOS, …) Provides also extended statistics (jitter, …) ‘monitor xping’
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B u s i n e s s - C l a s s R o u t e r S o l u t i o n s
Ping
CLI> ping <target> [<source_address>]
CLI> ping 220.13.1.3 20.13.0.10
Type escape sequence to abortSending 5 100-byte ICMP echos to 10.191.250.2 from 20.13.0.10,timeout is 3 seconds:!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 3/4/8 msCLI>CLI> ping -t 220.13.1.3 ?
<source> - Source address to use-l - Size of packet used for ping-n - Number of packets used for ping-v - Type of service : [no-tos], low-delay, throughput, reliability, min-cost-f - Set don't fragment flag-w - timeout in seconds to wait for each reply
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B u s i n e s s - C l a s s R o u t e r S o l u t i o n s
Traceroute
List of traversed network nodes from source to destination:
CLI> traceroute <target> [<source_address>]
Example:
CLI> traceroute 220.13.1.3 20.13.0.10
Type escape sequence to abort.Tracing the route to 220.13.1.3 from 20.13.0.101 20.13.1.3 2 msec * 2 msec
CLI>
This options are available:
CLI> traceroute -t 220.13.1.3 ?
<source> - Source address to use-l - Packet size-i - Time to live-v - Type of service : [no-tos], low-delay, throughput, reliability,min-cost-f - Set don't fragment flag-w - timeout in seconds to wait for each reply
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B u s i n e s s - C l a s s R o u t e r S o l u t i o n s
Xping (eXtended Ping)
XPING
the xping allows to initiate several ping sessions to several destinations. the output are round-trip-delay (min, max, average) jitter and loss
CLI> xping <session_name>
CLI(xping)> ?activate - activate a xping sessionaddress - destination IP addressdata-size - data size of icmp packetdeactivate - stop the sessionexit - exit xping modedf-flag - set the DF flag of outgoing packetsdsfield - DSCP valuefrequency - frequency (interval in seconds).probe-count - nr of sent packets per pingshow - show the xping sessionsource - IP source addresstimeout - Time out.<cr>CLI(xping)>
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Xping
Statistics in real time :
CLI> monitor xping
Destination Source Freq. Tx Tmin Tavg Tmax Address Address Pings (sec) Rx (ms) (ms) (ms) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * enabled: dns1 jitter: 6.05 ms 2.73 5.82 7.55 84.103.237.142 81.185.33.162 1 1570 19 28 39 157 1570 Loss rate: 0.00% * enabled: dns2 jitter: 0.53 ms 0.35 0.43 0.57 86.64.145.142 81.185.33.162 10 8 55 57 62 8 8 Loss rate: 0.00%
[Esc]-Exit.
Remove a xping session:
CLI> no xping <session_name>
Activate a xping session:
CLI(xping)> activate
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The Ultimate Tech. Support Command
The ‘show tech-sup’ command is an useful command that shows many interesting information for OneAccess support engineers:
OneOs> show tech-sup [paging]
So, including a ‘show tech-sup’ in a Trouble Ticket never hurts and is often more efficient than explanations.
Also, it is often helpful to call this command two times, so that OneAccess can observe which counters gets incremented (and which one are not)
