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TEST NETWORK

TRANSPORT,ENVIRONMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY

CHALLENGES FOR THE AFRICAN PARTNERS

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Context

• Impact of colonial history on transport• Central Business Districts designed

for minority with no room for road expansion

• Rate of Urbanisation

• Poverty• Lack of budgets for road

construction & maintenance• Importation of second hand cars

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The problem of urbanisation (1950 – 2030)

Relative Growth

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

(2000= 100%)

world AfricaAsiaEuropeLAC

Northern AmericaOceania

• Africa’s relative growth in urbanisation is steeply increasing and is now the highest in the world• The growth rate is approximately 3.3 to 3.7 per cent annually

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Results

ROAD SAFETY• Main Issues• Road design• No provision for NMT• Narrow roads with no shoulders

• Increased number of haulage trucks• Poor road maintenance• Poor maintenance of vehicles• Poor driving skills including drunken

driving

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Road safety results continued

• Data collected for most indicators but is not analyzed and impacts not assessed

• Data collection is fragmented

• In most partner countries relevant legislation in place but not enforced

• Road safety is a priority due to increased number of accidents

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Road Safety: Capacity Needs

• Training on data analysis• Training on assessment of economic

costs of accidents• Training on interpretation of data for

evidence based policy formulation• Funding for research activities• Exposure to newer road designs and

new concepts of road design and traffic management

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Results

TRAFFIC FLOW MANAGEMENT

• Main issues

• Increasing number of vehicles without increase road capacity

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0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

2000 200120022003200420052006200720082009

Num

ber o

f veh

icle

s

Year

New vehicles registered per year

Light motor vehicles

Private trailers

Commercial trailers

Motor cycles

Conventional buses

Kombis

Heavy commercial vehicles

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Traffic flow mgt main issues

• Too many uncontrolled intersections of high volume roads

• Non-functional traffic lights

• Poor road design

• Poor traffic control –police not present at bottlenecks

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Traffic flow mgt main issues

• Poor road maintenance

• No provision for NMT

• Limited transport options (no subways, trains, large buses, etc)

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Traffic flow Management

• Research activities• Data related to traffic flow not

collected• No studies on travel and traffic

behaviour, traffic bottlenecks• Road network capacity not

assessed• Lack of funds• Legislation in place but not

enforced

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Traffic flow Management – Capacity Needs

• Training on collection of data for traffic flow indicators

• Exposure to newer road designs and new concepts of road design and traffic management

• Upgrading of roads

• Funding

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Results

• AIR POLLUTION• Main issues• The contribution of the transport

sector to air pollution is not a priority for most countries

• Standards for vehicle emissions generally missing

• UNEP & APINA facilitated sub- regional frame works with targets to reduce age of imported second hand vehicles.

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Air pollution main issues continued

• Data on emissions are estimated using emission factors

• Emission inventories are generally not compiled by the authorities. The only emissions inventory conducted by APINA for non-GHG based on year 2000 in 5 of the 6 countries

• Most of the countries have compiled one GHG emissions inventory as Initial Communication to UNFCCC Second Communications are being compiled

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Air pollution main issues continued

• No modelling of air pollution done except in South Africa

• Limited studies on impacts of air pollution on health, environment, economy

• No funds to purchase equipment to monitor emissions

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Air pollution main issues – capacity needs

• Training on monitoring

• Training on segregation of emissions by source

• Training on compilation of city level inventories

• Training on modeling

• Training on impact assessment

• Enhancement of monitoring equipment