Upload
others
View
2
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Clean Cities / 1
W.Va. Clean State Program
Clean Cities Program Overview Kelly A. BraggCasey E. [email protected]@wv.gov
November 7, 2012
Clean Cities / 2
Clean Cities
• Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct)
• Provides a framework for businesses and government agencies to work together
• Goal: Reduce U.S. petroleum use by 2.5 billion gallons per year
Clean Cities Mission To advance the energy, economic, and environmental security of the U.S. by supporting local decisions to reduce petroleum use in transportation.
Clean Cities / 3
Clean Cities Coalitions
• Nearly 100 coalitions in 45 states
• 775,000 AFVs using alternative fuels
• 6,600 fueling stations
Clean Cities / 4
Clean Cities Strategies
Replace petroleum with alternative and renewable fuels
Reduce petroleum use through fuel efficiency measures, smarter driving practices, and idle reduction
Eliminate petroleum use by promoting mass transit, trip elimination, and congestion mitigation
Clean Cities has saved nearly 3 billion gallons of petroleum since 1993.
EliminateEliminateEliminate
Clean Cities / 5
W.Va. Clean State Program
Description of Area: State of West Virginia
Population information: 1.8 million
When was coalition formed? Oct. 19, 1994; re-designated in 1999, 2005 and 2012
Coalition Structure
* Host agency is W.Va. Division of Energy, the state energy office* Activities set by WVDOE director* 46 stakeholders* Coalition meetings held quarterly* Coalition funded through U.S. Department of Energy
Clean Cities / 6
Alternative and Renewable Fuels • Biodiesel • Electricity• Ethanol (E85)• Hydrogen• Natural gas• Propane
Fuel Economy• Fuel efficient vehicles• Driving habits• Vehicle maintenance
Idle Reduction• Technologies• Behavioral changes
Trip Elimination• Telecommuting• Ridesharing
Clean Cities Portfolio of Technologies
7
8
Objectives Discuss how propane may help improve public
health Describe the benefits of propane to the
environment Explain how propane may help stimulate the
economy Describe what energy security is and how using
propane can help attain it Explain the future of propane Explain the suggested actions to support propane
9
Can produce fewer emissions than conventional vehicles
Higher energy density than gasoline High octane = more complete combustion Propane prices are similar to gasoline and
diesel
Why Consider Propane?
10
Figure 1: LPG compared to conventional gasoline. Source: fueleconomy.gov.
11
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG): Hydrocarbons, primarily composed of propane and butane, obtained during processing of crude oil, which are liquefied at low temperatures and moderate pressure. It is similar to NGL but originates from crude oil sources.
Natural gas liquids (NGL): Hydrocarbons, typically composed of propane, butane, pentane, hexane, and heptane, obtained from natural gas production or processing which are liquefied at low temperatures and moderate pressure. They are similar to LPG but originate from natural gas sources.
From: Hydraulic Fracturing and Shale Gas Production: Technology, Impacts, and PolicyArgonne National LaboratorySeptember 10, 2012
12
What is a Shale? Region of fine-grained
sedimentary rock
Forms from the compaction of “mud”
Fissile and laminated characteristics
Black shale contains organic compounds
13
Marcellus Shale
14
Exists approx. one mile below the surface
Potential to provide enough gas for 2 years of consumption by entire U.S.
Northern panhandle considered “rich” gas fields
Marcellus Shale Cont.
15
Propane = domestic resource 90% of propane used in the
U.S. is produced domestically Promotes energy security Established infrastructure Already over 2,600 fueling
sites Longer vehicle service life
Propane Benefits
Figure 2: Propane production. Source: EERE.
16
Combustion can produce fewer harmful emissions like: Particulate matter Carbon monoxide (CO)
Fewer emissions = less smog = fewer respiratory problems
Health Benefits
17
Propane vehicles can produce fewer harmful emissions
Spills rarely occur, if spilled, propane rapidly biodegrades in soil, water, air
Not a greenhouse gas
Environmental Benefits
Figure 3: Propane vehicle emissions. Source: EERE.
18
Domestically produced fuel Prices similar to conventional fuels Increased engine and engine oil life
Prices do fluctuate
Economic Benefits
19
U.S. imports about half its crude oil; two thirds is used for transportation
Oil reserves located in politically volatile countries
97% of propane consumed in the U.S. is produced in North America, 90% in the U.S. alone
Propane use will help offset reliance on foreign oil supplies
Energy Security Benefits
20
Figure 4: Ford E250 propane van. Source: AFDC.
Propane has many practical applications Propane farm equipment, indoor industrial
equipment Grills and home heating Predicted natural gas reserves
have increased Over 15 billion gallons
already used annually
Propane –Today and Tomorrow
21
The Future of Propane Infrastructure already exists 90% produced domestically Domestic resources lessen dependence on
foreign oil Nontoxic and nonpoisonous Light-, medium-, heavy-duty vehicles
22
Did You Know?
Propane has grown to become a $10 billion industry in the U.S.
Source: Propane Education & Research Council
23
Suggested Actions Variety of choices available Incentives from federal/state/local governments WV Alternative Fuel Tax Credit http://www.state.wv.us/taxrev/forms/2011/aftc1.pdf
Figure 5: Propane warehouse equipment. Source: NAFTC.
24
1. What percentage of propane used in the U.S. is produced domestically?
2. True or False: Correctly calibrated LPG engines can offer lower emissions of carbon monoxide.
3. True or False: Propane stations are hard to find since there are only 267 throughout the U.S.
4. Current U.S. LPG consumption is at ________ billion gallons per year.
Test Your Knowledge
25
Clean Citieswww.cleancities.energy.gov
Alternative Fuels & Advanced Vehicles Data Centerwww.afdc.energy.gov
FuelEconomy.govwww.fueleconomy.gov
W.Va. Clean State Programwww.energywv.org/cleanstateprogram
National Alternative Fuels Training Consortiumwww.naftc.wvu.edu/
Online information resources
26
Kelly A. BraggCasey E. RandolphW.Va. Clean State Program
www.energywv.org/cleanstateprogram
(304) 957-2004 [email protected](304) 957-2050 [email protected]
Thank you!!