WOUNDSWOUNDS

Abnormal break in the skin or other tissues which allows blood to escape.

Open WoundsOpen Wounds

Closed WoundsClosed Wounds

Types of wounds• Incised WoundIncised Wound( a straight deep cut)( a straight deep cut)

• Lacerated WoundLacerated Wound (a tear in the skin) (a tear in the skin)

• Abrasion or Graze WoundAbrasion or Graze Wound (e.g when someone fall on a (e.g when someone fall on a rough surface)rough surface)

• Contused Wound (Bruise)Contused Wound (Bruise) (e.g when someone knock (e.g when someone knock onto something/got boxed by someone and there is a onto something/got boxed by someone and there is a blood clot)blood clot)

• Punctured WoundPunctured Wound (e.g when someone step onto a nail) (e.g when someone step onto a nail)

• Gunshot woundGunshot wound (when someone get shot by the gun) (when someone get shot by the gun)

BLEEDINGBLEEDING

Clotting of blood.Clotting of blood.

Our body’s mechanism to stop bleedingOur body’s mechanism to stop bleeding

Cut ends of a blood vessel will contract.Cut ends of a blood vessel will contract.

Blood pressure will drop.Blood pressure will drop.

Scar tissueScabClot

White blood cellSkinFibrin

Red blood cellPlatelets

TYPE OF BLEEDINGTYPE OF BLEEDING

Arterial BleedingArterial Bleeding

Venous BleedingVenous Bleeding

Capillary BleedingCapillary Bleeding

TYPE OF BLEEDINGTYPE OF BLEEDING

Bright Red in ColourBright Red in Colour

Spurts from a wound in time with theSpurts from a wound in time with the heartbeat. heartbeat.

Severed main artery may jet bloodSevered main artery may jet blood several feet high. several feet high.

Rapidly reduce the volume of circulatingRapidly reduce the volume of circulating blood. blood.

Arterial BleedingArterial Bleeding

TYPE OF BLEEDINGTYPE OF BLEEDING

Dark Red in ColourDark Red in Colour

Gush profusely.Gush profusely.

Venous BleedingVenous Bleeding

Oozing at the site of all wounds.Oozing at the site of all wounds.

Blood loss is usually slight.Blood loss is usually slight.

Capillary BleedingCapillary Bleeding

TREATMENT FORTREATMENT FORMINOR EXTERNAL BLEEDINGMINOR EXTERNAL BLEEDING

Direct pressure.

Elevation. (raise to a higher position or level)

Small adhesive dressing.

Medical aid need only be sought if the bleeding does not stop, or if the wound is at special risk of infection.

Protecting yourselfProtecting yourself

Use disposable gloves.Use disposable gloves.

Wash hands well in soap and water beforeWash hands well in soap and water before and after treatment. and after treatment.

Cover any sores or open wounds withCover any sores or open wounds with waterproof adhesive dressing. waterproof adhesive dressing.

If the wound is dirty, clean it by rinsing lightly under running water, or use an antiseptic wipe.

Clean WoundClean Wound

Elevate and DressingElevate and Dressing

Elevate the wounded part above the level of the heart.

Apply adhesive dressing.

If there is a special risk of infection, advise to see doctor.