In your notes…

Would you give up your life for your country? Your family? What about your possessions? Your job?

Total War: Trench Warfare

*Total War

● all countries devoted all their resources to the war effort

● dedication of even civilians to the war effort (ex. rationing of goods and food)

Total War

● extreme loss of life, especially in the trenches

The Trenches

1. Read your section of the article and write 3-4 summary bullets of life in the trenches, based on your reading.

2. In groups, share out your summary bullets. Copy down each others information into your notes.

● born in England● served as second lieutenant in

WWI● wrote this poem while in a hospital,

suffering from battle wounds ● returned to war where he was

killed in battle

Wilfred Owen (1893- 1918)

Dulce et Decorum Est

We will look at Owen’s use of imagery to convey the conditions of trench warfare.

imagery = use of the senses to create a mental image (sight, sound, taste, smell, touch)

Dulce et Decorum Est

Label the stanzas

Title

Dulce et Decorum Est = It is sweet and proper (the right thing to do)

Bent double, like old beggars under sacks,Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge,Till on the haunting flares we turned our backsAnd towards our distant rest began to trudge.Men marched asleep. Many had lost their bootsBut limped on, blood-shod. All went lame; all blind;Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hootsOf disappointed shells that dropped behind.

Stanza #1

Directions

Annotate Stanzas 2-4 just like stanza 1.● look for imagery ● you may use a phone to look up words

Stanza #2GAS! Gas! Quick, boys!-- An ecstasy of fumbling,Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time;But someone still was yelling out and stumblingAnd floundering like a man in fire or lime.--Dim, through the misty panes and thick green lightAs under a green sea, I saw him drowning.

Stanza #3In all my dreams, before my helpless sight,He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning.

Stanza #4If in some smothering dreams you too could paceBehind the wagon that we flung him in,And watch the white eyes writhing in his face,His hanging face, like a devil's sick of sin;If you could hear, at every jolt, the bloodCome gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs,Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cudOf vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues,--My friend, you would not tell with such high zestTo children ardent for some desperate glory,The old Lie: Dulce et decorum estPro patria mori. (It is the sweet and right thing to die for your country)

Dulce et Decorum EstAnswer the following questions in complete sentences. Refer to the stanza number in your answer.

1. How does Owen’s imagery (use of the senses) of the soldiers lives in the trenches to present the conditions of the war?2. In the poem, what WWI warfare methods and technologies are being described?3. What are Owen’s feelings about the war?4. How does this demonstrate total war?

In your notes...

In what ways does the media (TV commercials, magazine ads, Instagram...) persuade you personally?

Total War: Propaganda

Propaganda

● one sided information that attempts to persuade

● keep up morale and support for the war

Propaganda Techniques

● appeal to authority: using important figures● bandwagon: because everyone else is doing

it● generalities: emotional but general words

such as honor, freedom, glory, peace (called virtue words)

● simplification: simplifying complex issues

Propaganda Techniques

● name calling: targeting the enemy by using prejudices (can also be visual)

● common man: the motive of the government is in line with the everyday person

● social disapproval: everyone will hate you if you don’t go along

Propaganda Techniques

● slogans: striking phrases that can be passed along

● testimonials: quotes used to support something (especially from an authority)

● repetition: used to solidify message

Creating Propaganda

In pairs, create a propaganda poster for WWI for the alliance you are assigned to. You must include:1) a visual2) a clear and established reason to join your side of the

war3) a slogan4) and at LEAST three other propaganda techniques5) write your names on the front

Evaluating Propaganda

I will give you another pairs poster. On the back, identify the three techniques used on their poster and HOW they were used in the poster (don’t forget to write your names next to it).