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WPCA
Worldwide PollutionControl Association
WPCA/TVA Coal & Gas SeminarAugust 24, 2016
Visit our website at www.wpca.info
WPCA SeminarAugust 24, 2016
Flue Gas Testing and Probes
Introduction
Test Methods
Velocity, Pressure, Temperature
Particulate Sampling
Gas Sampling
Specialty Applications
Agenda
Many aspects of plants require flow testingAir, gas, liquid, steam, particulate Fans, ducts, air heatersMills, coal pipes, burners, boiler ESPs, PJFFs, SCRs, FGD, stack Fan to stack and beyond …
Many reasons to test Performance optimizationO&M Cost reductionDiagnostic, solving problems Emissions compliance
Introduction
Performance Flow uniformity, mixing Combustion optimization Ash capture / deposition / pluggage
O&M Costs Pressure drop Chemical / sorbent costs
Maintenance Erosion / corrosion Pluggage Vibration
Compliance Stack testing CEMS calibration
Flow Testing Focus
Flow basics Pressure, Velocity, Temperature Particulate SamplingGas Sampling / Chemical Species
Industry test codesASTMASME EPA ISO
Specialty testsVariations of above Performed for diagnostic/optimization, not compliance
Test Methods
EPA Method 1 – Test port location, quantity of traverse points
EPA Method 2 – Velocity with S-type pitot probe
Velocity, Pressure, Temperature
EPA Method 2F – Velocity with 3D pitot Increased accuracy over 1-D probe Subject of current EPRI and NIST research
Automated test systems Reduce user influence and biases
Velocity, Pressure, Temperature
Purpose of 3D testing versus 1D Flow misalignment with probe can mean velocity measurement is biasedHas direct impact on measured flow rate Flow rate has linear impact on emissions rate
Velocity, Pressure, Temperature
EPA Method 5 and 17 Simultaneous velocity & sampling Isokinetic sampling
ESP/PJFF performance testing
Stack PM testing, PM CEMs cal
Particulate Sampling
Coal pipe testing / combustion optimizationVelocity with Dirty Air Pitot probe Sampling with Isokinetic Extraction probe
Manual or Automated methods
ISO or ASME procedure
Particulate Sampling
Boiler tuning
Inleakage detection
SCR tuning
Compliance / stack testing
Gas Sampling
Water cooled probes for high temperatureGas sampling – HVT probe 3D pitot
Specialty Applications
Online inspection cameras InspectionsDiagnosing issues
Specialty Applications
There are many test methods, probes, and options
Choose wisely
Go for extra accuracy and repeatability
Minimize user error and bias
Automate where possible
If not an official compliance test, make up a better method
Conclusions
