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World Wide Web and Internet
Communications
DefinitionsOAdware – unwanted advertising banners,
pop-ups, pop-unders, etc. in your web browser
OAnti-virus Software – program which scans and/or removes computer virusesO Should be kept up-to-date and be able to
detect all viruses currently being distributed and the known existing computer viruses
OAttachment – documents, spreadsheets, graphics, web link, and any other files associated with an electronic message
OClient-based server – a mail server used to store messages until users log on and download their mail
OEdshare – a file and print server which allows the user to store any files and print from computer labs
OEmail – an electronic message sent from one computer to another
OFTP – file transfer protocol – used to transfer files to another computer via the internet
OHoax – usually arrive in the form of an email containing bogus warnings usually intent only on frightening or misleading users
OHome Page – For a Web user, the first Web page that is displayed after starting a Web browser
OHyperlink – a cross-reference in an electronic document that, when activated, causes the application reading the document to load a different section of the document, a new document, or a resource that the application can display or use
O Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) – the language for publishing hypertext on the World Wide Web
O Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) – the protocol for transporting HTML documents across the Internet
O Internet – is a world-wide system of computer networks
O Internet Protocol (IP) – the protocol for sending data from one computer to another on the Internet. O Every computer on the Internet has at least
one IP address uniquely identifying it from all other computers on the Internet
O Internet Service Provider (ISP) – a company that provides individuals and other companies access to the Internet and other related service
OMail Server – a computer or device on a network that manages mail
OPDF (Portable Document Format) – a file format that can be created and read on any computer, regardless of operating systemO Highly compressed files that take a short
time to downloadOPhishing – an attempt to get you to reveal
logins, passwords, account numbers and other personal information
OPlug-ins – Programs that are installed as part of the browser to extend the basic functionality built into the browserO Plug-ins allow different file formats to be
viewed as part of a standard HTML document
OProtocols – controls the way data is transferred between server and client computers on the Internet
OServer – is the part of the network that responds to requests from other computers in the network with documents or other information which they requested
OSpam – unsolicited email, also known as junk email.O It’s a form of bulk email obtained by
companies that specialize in creating e-mail distribution lists
OSpyware – is a catchall term for several types of malicious software
OTransmission Control Protocol (TCP) – a set of rules used to keep track of the individual packets that a message is divided into for efficient routing through the Internet
OTrojan Horse – a file that claims to be something desirable but, in fact are malicious and can cause data loss or theft
OUniform Resource Locator (URL) – the technical name for a text string that supplies an Internet or Intranet address and the method by which it can be accessed
OVirus – program written to alter the way a computer operates, without the permission or knowledge of the user
OVirus Definitions – files that proved information to antivirus software to fined and repair viruses
OWorm – program that replicates itself from system to system without the use of a host file
WWW and Internet (Net) Communication
OLoose association of thousands of networks and millions of computers across the world that all work together to share information
OGlobal system of computers that carries data and makes the exchange of information possible
OThe world wide web is a subset of the InternetOThe www enables simple and intuitive
navigation of Internet sites through Graphical User Interface (gui)
OComputers having the proper hardware can connect to the Internet via an ISP
Learning Targets
O I Can…OHave a basic understanding of how the
Internet worksODefine basic Internet and World Wide
Web related terminologyOKnow brief history about the World Wide
WebO Identify and describe what resources are
needed to access the Internet
What is the Internet?OWorldwide system of computers joined
by a common set of networking ad software protocols
OEach computer in this global system has its own unique IP address
OCreated in 1983 mainly for government and academic purposes
OPresent day – a commercial and popular medium connecting millions of computers throughout the world
Information Superhighway
OThink of the Internet as a huge mass transit system
OA few subway lines that intersect at certain points
OConnecting to the main subway lines are commuter rails, bus lines, and ferry boats that spread out and crisscross the area
OThe main lines carry the bulk of the traffic and are collectively known as the Internet backbone
OThe biggest networks in the system form the backbone, which is owned by major ISPs
What is the WWW?OWorld Wide WebOSubset of the NetOCollection of interlinked documents that work
together using a specific Internet protocol called Hypertext Transfer Protocol (http)
OThe Internet exists independent of the Web – but the Web cannot exist without the Internet
OWeb pages are written using html, which tells the Web browser what to display
OSignificant feature of the Web is its ability to link pages to one another – with just a click you can be on the other side of the world!
How Do I Get Connected?OTo get connected you need the following
two resources:O Connection to the Internet via a modem
(old school) or network connectionO A web browser such as Internet Explorer,
Firefox, Google Chrome, and SafariOSoftware applications that provide access to
and allow viewing of Internet resourcesOCan view data in either a text-only format
using Lynx, or in graphical text format such as IE
OCan also access newsgroups and email
How Does the Internet Work?
O When you request or send information, the computer breaks the request into smaller more manageable pieces called packets
O Each packet contains the sender’s Internet address and the receiver’s address
O Every packet is first sent to a gateway computer that understands a small portion of the InternetO Reads the destination address and forwards the
packet to an adjacent gateway, closer to the packet destination
O This process continues until it reaches a gateway that recognizes the packet as belonging to a computer within its immediate neighborhood or domain
Internet WorkingsO Regardless of the operating system (Mac, PC,
or Unix) the computers all basically speak the same language which allows the exchange of information with someone next door or across the planet
O Because a message can be divided in numerous packets, each packet may be sent by a different route across the Internet
O They can arrive in a different order than the order they were sent
O The TCP (transmission control protocol) has the job of putting them back in the right order
Skyward Activity
OAfter viewing, complete the related Skyward activity
Summary
OFundamentals about the Internet and the www
ORequired resources to gain access to the www