World War II

Good neighbor policy

• American foreign policy toward Latin America and Caribbean nation put forward Franklin D. Roosevelt during the 1930’s

• Reversed interventionist Dollar Diplomacy policies by seeking to develop friendship, trade and mutual defense

• In practice, change was more about making intervention less obvious that less practiced

World War II

• Fought from 1939-1945 between Allied nations (Britain, France, Soviet Union) and Axis nations (Germany, Italy, Japan)

• United States joined the war on the side of the Allies in December 1941, after Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

• Allies defeated Germany after successful D-Day invasion

• Allies defeated Japan when the United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki

• The end of the war led to the Cold War

Japanese relocationJapanese relocation

• Government program during World War 2 under which Japanese Americans who lived on the west coast were forcibly relocated to internment camps.

• Program was created in response to public concern about espionage.

• Resulted in the loss of personal possession and family business by Japanese Americans who were relocated.

Pearl Harbor

Site of a naval base in Hawaii that was bombed in a surprise attack by Japan on December 7,1941 leading to U.S entry into World War 2.

Rosie the Riveter

• Figure portrayed in a popular poster during World War II

• Represented the expansion of women into manufacturing jobs during wartime and the changing of gender roles

Yalta

• Site of the last meeting between the leaders of Allied nations in World War II- Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin and Franklin D. Roosevelt.

• Meeting saw great progress, including an agreement on the formation of the United Nations and on strategy to end the war against Japan

• Also saw the beginnings of the Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union

• Followed by meeting at Potsdam

D Day

• Common name for the Allied landing in Normandy, France during World War II

• Allied troops suffered heavy losses but were eventually successful in taking the beach

• From Normandy, the Allies pushed the Germans out of France and most of Belgium, eventually driving the Germans all the way back to Berlin

Albert Einstein

• German born American immigrant

• Famous physicist and teacher

• Convinced Franklin D. Roosevelt to create the Manhattan Project

• Famous for this theory of relativity (E=mc²)

• Taught at Princeton University

Harry S. Truman

• President from 1945 (when president Franklin D. Roosevelt died) to 1952• Democrat• Made the decision to drop the atomic bomb on Japan to end World War II• Led the United States into the Cold War after unsuccessful meeting with Joseph

Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union, at Potsdam• Introduced the Cold War foreign policies of containment and the Truman

Doctrine• Committed U.S. troops to the Korean War• First President to send U.S. aid into the situation that would become the Vietnam

War• Domestic agenda known as the Fair Deal• Won famously close election against Thomas Dewey in 1948• Promoted civil rights, although Congress was unreceptive• Desegregated the Armed Forces• Well known for candor that made him unpopular during his time but endeared him

to historians

• What two countries made a nonaggression pact stating they would not invade each other but would invade Poland from opposite directions and divide it equally when finished?

a) USSR and Great Britainb) Germany and Soviet Unionc) Germany and Italyd) Germany and Turkey

• What country was being pounded from the air and asked the U.S. for aide?

• Soviet Union• France• Spain• Great Britain

• What U.S. territory did Japan bomb causing the U.S. to declare war on Japan?

• Hawaii• Midway Islands• Philippines• Hong Kong

• Why did the world take notice when the China Incident occurred?

• The Soviet Union invaded  the Gobi Desert region of China.

• This was Japan's last step in creating its Co-Prosperity Sphere.

• Japan started a war with China which threatened the Open Door Policy.

• China was falling under communist rule.

• In mid-1941, Hitler turned on its former partner and invaded what country?

• Spain• Soviet Union• Belgium• Italy

• Which is NOT a traditional military role of women during World War II?

• nurses• pilots• drivers     • office workers

• Why did Japan select Pearl Harbor as the location to bomb?

• It was the location for the U.S. Pacific naval fleet.

• It just joined the union to become a state.

• It was a heavily visited tourist site.• It was closest to mainland Japan.

• What two Japanese cities were attacked with the use of atomic bombs?

• Nagasaki and Iwo Jima• Tokyo and Nagasaki• Hiku and Tokyo• Nagasaki and Hiroshima

• Which is NOT an Allied power in 1942?

• United States• Soviet Union• Great Britain• Hungary

• What battle is known as the turning point in the war in the Pacific?

• Battle of the Philippines• Battle of Midway• Battle of Guadalcanal• Battle of Coral Sea

• On what date did Japan bomb Pearl Harbor?

• September 3, 1939• September 8, 1941• December 7, 1941• December 11, 1941

• What was the name of General Eisenhower's campaign to invade the Axis-controlled North Africa?

• Operation Torch• Operation Overlord• Operation Omaha• Operation Juno

• At what site did the American and Allied forces land in German-occupied France?

• Paris• Calais• Vichy• Normandy

• Who ordered the use of the atomic bomb on Japan?

• General Douglas MacArthur• Harry S. Truman• General Dwight Eisenhower• Franklin D.  Roosevelt

• What act gave Britain war supplies and old naval warships in return for military bases in Bermuda and the Caribbean?

• Neutrality Act• Lend Lease Act• Cash and Carry Act• Interventionist Act

• Why was the Battle at Midway known as the "Miracle of Midway"?

• The Japanese victory allowed them to get closer to mainland United States.

• The American victory started a series of defensive battles by the U.S.

• The American victory started the island hopping campaign because Hawaii was no longer under Japanese threat of takeover.

• The American victory ended the Japanese threat to Alaska.

• The primary result of the December 7, 1941 Japanese attack was

• economic recession in the United States.

• the creation of the atomic bomb.• the beginning of the Cold War.• increased popular support for U.S.

entry into World War II.

• Germany's strategy at the point when the U.S. entered the war was to defeat what two countries quickly before America's industrial and military strength could turn the tide of the war?

• Iraq and Great Britain• Soviet Union and Great Britain• Soviet Union and Egypt• Great Britain and Turkey

• Which of the following minority groups did NOT fight in large numbers as American soldiers in World War II?

• African Americans• Mexican Americans• Asian Americans• women

• Approximately how many years of the war did the U.S. stay neutral while Germany overran most of Europe?

• 1 year• 2 years• 3 years• 4 years

• Which African American military unit earned distinction due to their aerial combat maneuvers against the Germans in Europe?

• Nisei Regiment• 99th Squadron• Tuskegee Airmen• Montgomery Squadron

• In the Pacific, the American military strategy called for a(n) ___________ campaign.

• sub warfare• search and destroy• island hopping• hit and run

• What is the term for the systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, political, religious, or cultural group?

• genocide• Judenrein• kamikaze• final solution

• When the China Incident occurred, how did the U.S. respond?

• The U.S. stopped trade with China.• The U.S. stopped all trade with Japan.• The U.S. created an embargo with

Japan on oil and steel.• The U.S. froze all Japanese assets in

America.

• By late 1940, both Japan and the U.S. knew war was inevitable between them.  FDR needed to buy some time to prepare.  How did he attempt to gain some time to prepare for a war with Japan?

• Japan concentrated on gaining other territories until the U.S. was ready to fight.

• The U.S. and Japan entered into negotiations trying to resolve their disputes peacefully.

• FDR reinstated trade with Japan.• The U.S. asked Great Britain for aide.

• What was the slogan used during World War II to encourage women to go to work?

• Wilma the Worker• Tammy the Tank builder• Rosie the Riveter• Alice the Waitress

• During the 1930's, the League of Nations condemned Japan for its invasion of ____, and consequently, Japan pulled out as a member of the League of Nations.

• Manchuria• Korea• the Philippines• China

• Who was the commander of the invasion of German-occupied France?

• General Eisenhower• General Rommel• General Nimitz• General Smith

• What does the term isolationism mean?

• policy of economically aiding countries at war to the point of declaring war

• policy of economically aiding countries at war but are not willing to declare war

• policy of declaring war but refusing to economically aid other countries

• policy of staying completely politically, economically, and militarily

• Which is NOT a reason why the President decided to use the atomic bomb?

• The Japanese knew it was coming and were prepared.

• It would save the U.S. many casualties by omitting a land invasion of Japan.

• It would prove the American position as a superpower in postwar negotiations.

• The cost of the construction of the atomic bombs would become an issue in post war peace.

• On what date did the Allied invasion of German-occupied France occur?

• September 2, 1944• July 4, 1944• June 6, 1944• June 9, 1944

• Which is NOT true of the battles at Iwo Jima and Okinawa?

• The invasion cost thousands of American lives.

• Both battles were victories for the U.S.• The Japanese soldiers fought fiercely

over every square inch of the islands.• The majority of Japanese soldiers

surrendered to American forces to keep from dying.

• President Roosevelt went to Congress on December 8, 1941, asking for a declaration of war.  FDR refers to December 7, 1941, as a "date that will ___________."  What completes FDR's famous quote?

• live forever in our minds• live in infamy• haunt Japan forever• Americans will never forget

• Which is NOT an aspect of the "island hopping" campaign?

• cutting off Japanese supplies through submarine warfare

• seizing strategic islands closer and closer to mainland Japan

• seizing all territories under the Japanese empire

• retaking strategic locations to use as bases for air attacks on Japan

• Who declared war on the U.S. on December 11, 1941?

• Soviet Union and China• Germany and Italy• Great Britain and France• China and Manchuria

• What is the name of the plan to invade German-occupied France at one location but mislead the Germans into thinking the Allied forces were to land at another location?

• Operation Torch• Operation Overlord• Operation Surrender• Operation Sneak attack

• In World War II, the term D-Day referred to

• the battle of Dunkirk.• the day that Germany

surrendered.• the dropping of the atomic bomb.• the Allied invasion of Normandy.

• The development of the first atomic bomb was the primary result of which of the following?

• the Marshall Plan• the Manhattan Project• the election of Harry S. Truman as

president• the invasion of Pearl Harbor

• After the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor, the United States removed Japanese Americans to which of the following?

• internment camps• work camps• the Hawaiian islands• concentration camps

• The_____________ attempted to ensure the humane treatment of prisoners of war by establishing rules to be following by all nations.

• Nuremburg Trials• Munich Conference• Geneva Conference• Meeting at Yalta

• What event in the Pacific theater saw American POWs being treated brutally by the Japanese after the American surrender of the Philippines?

• Tet Offensive• Manila Massacre• Bataan Death March• Mai Lai Massacre

• Which group was integral in the war in the Pacific because of their undecipherable oral language?

• Navajo Indians• Cherokee Indians• Mexican Americans• Alaskan Eskimos

• Which is NOT true of the Nuremberg Trials?

• Nazi leaders and others were convicted of war crimes.

• Hitler was sentenced to death.• The trials emphasized individual

responsibility for actions during war, regardless of orders received.

• The trials led to an increased demand for a Jewish homeland.

• What was the spark that started World War II?

• Japan's bombing of Pearl Harbor.• Hitler's invasion of Poland.• Chamberlain, Daladier, and Hitler's

meeting in Munich.• Hitler's invasion of the

Sudetenland.

• Which group was NOT part of Germany's final solution?

• mentally ill• Scandinavians• Poles• Gypsies

• Japanese soldiers often _____________ rather than surrender.

• played dead• became a U.S. citizen• ran away• committed suicide

• Japan hoped that America would accept Japanese predominance in Southeast Asia and the Pacific rather than conduct a __________ war to reverse Japanese gains.

• nuclear• time consuming• bloody and costly• irrelevant

• What battle location in North Africa is seen as a turning point because the British forces prevented Hitler from gaining access to Middle Eastern oil supplies and potentially attacking the Soviet Union from the south?

• Battle at Tobruk• Battle of Cairo• Battle of El Alamein• Battle of Casablanca

• Which Allied power was the first to be taken over by Germany?

• France• Soviet Union• Spain• Great Britain

• What is the term for the U.S. government's effort to maintain the supply of essential products for the war effort by limiting how much one could purchase?

• Retooling• trickle down economics• Allocation• Rationing

• What two methods were used by the U.S. to finance the war?

• income tax  and tariffs• tariffs and war bonds• sales tax and excise tax• war bonds and income tax

• Which group did NOT fill in the gap in the workforce when men went overseas to fight?

• Children• Women• Mexican Americans• African Americans

• What battle location saw hundreds of thousands of German soldiers killed or captured in a months-long siege of Russian city?

• Battle of Leningrad• Battle of Kiev• Battle of Stalingrad• Battle of Moscow

• Why was the defeat of the Germans in the Soviet Union a major turning point?

• This defeat prevented Germany from winning all of Eurasia.

• This defeat ended the Soviet Union's alliance with Germany.

• This defeat proved that the Soviet Union was on the Axis side.

• This defeat prevented Germany from seizing the Soviet oil fields.

• In 1988, the U.S. government publicly apologized for the mistreatment of the Japanese living in the United States by

• giving each Japanese survivor or his/her survivor a piece of federal land in Wyoming.

• making financial payment to each survivor of the camps.

• granting each survivor a bonus for not being a spy.

• sending each survivor a sympathy card.

• At the entrance of the U.S. in World War II, the American strategy was to target  most American military resources toward ______.  This strategy was nicknamed _________.

• Japan, island hopping• Europe, Victory in Europe• Japan, sub warfare• Europe, Defeat Hitler First

• Which is NOT a role of propaganda for the war effort?

• to portray the enemy in stereotypical, evil ways

• to boost morale• to gain patriotic support• to increase Hollywood

actors/actresses popularity