World War I Chapter 29. The Rise of Nationalism Nations competing for power Competition for colonies...
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World War I Chapter 29. The Rise of Nationalism Nations competing for power Competition for colonies in Africa and Asia Other groups, Serbs, Bulgarians,
The Rise of Nationalism Nations competing for power Competition
for colonies in Africa and Asia Other groups, Serbs, Bulgarians,
Romanians pushing for independence
Slide 3
Military Powers European Nations believed they needed to have a
powerful military Militarism- policy of glorifying the military
power and keeping an army prepared for war
Slide 4
Militarism Frightened Many The entire able-bodied population
are preparing to massacre one another; though no one, it is true,
wants to attack, and everybody protests his love of peace and
determination to maintain it, yet the whole world feels that it
only requires some unforeseen incident, some unpreventable
accident, for the spark to fall in a flashand blow all Europe
sky-high Frederic Passy (1895)
Slide 5
Rivalries and Alliances Emerge
Slide 6
Otto Von Bismarck What tactic/strategy did he use to unify
Germany?
Slide 7
Rivalries and Alliances Bismarck believed Germanys greatest
threat was France As long as it is without alliesFrance poses no
danger to us -Otto Von Bismarck
Slide 8
Triple Alliance Germany formed a dual alliance with Austria-
Hungary Italy joined the Alliance a couple years later Bismarck
then also signed a treaty with Russia
Slide 9
Triple Alliance Treaty 1.What country was this document
bringing into the alliance? 2.What was one of the chief aims of the
Triple Alliance? 3.What happens if Italy is attacked by France?
4.Article 4: What happens if a great power attacks one of the high
contracting powers? 5.Is the treaty secretive or open? 6.How long
is the treaty initially in force for?
Slide 10
Germany Slips Up Kaiser Wilhelm II forced Bismarck to resign in
1890 He did not want to share power with anyone Wanted to show the
world how mighty Germany was
Slide 11
Germany Slips Up Wilhelm let treaty with Russia run out in 1890
Russia formed a military alliance with France in 1892 This was
Bismarcks greatest fear War with one would be war with the other 2
front war
Slide 12
Germany Slips Up Wilhelm also began a massive ship building
project Wanted his navy equivalent to Great Britain GB was
threatened by Germany
Slide 13
Triple Entente Great Britain forms an alliance with France In
1907, Great Britain, France, and Russia formed the Triple
Entente
Slide 14
Triple Alliance Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy Triple
Entente France, Russia, and Great Britain
Slide 15
Crisis in the Balkans
Slide 16
The Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire encompassed Turkey and
the Balkan Peninsula However, its power was in decline and several
nationalist groups declared their independence
Slide 17
Balkan Nations These new formed countries in the Balkans
included Greece, Bulgaria, Montenegro, Romania, and Serbia All
these countries looked to extend their borders
Slide 18
Serbia Had a large Slavic population Wanted to absorb all Slavs
on the Balkan Peninsula Russia, mostly Slavic, supported Serbian
Nationalism Austria-Hungary did not Novak Djokovic
Slide 19
Austria-Hungary Was afraid a Slavic Nation in the Balkans would
stir rebellion amongst its Slavic population 1908, took over Bosnia
and Herzegovina (2 areas with large Slavic populations)
Slide 20
Tensions between A-H and Serbia Serbs were outraged by this
Serbs vowed to take Bosnia and Herzegovina Austria-Hungary vowed to
crush any Serbian effort to undermine their authority in the
Balkans
Slide 21
Remember Back19 Years Previous The entire able-bodied
population are preparing to massacre one another; though no one, it
is true, wants to attack, and everybody protests his love of peace
and determination to maintain it, yet the whole world feels that it
only requires some unforeseen incident, some unpreventable
accident, for the spark to fall in a flashand blow all Europe
sky-high Frederic Passy (1895)
Slide 22
A Shot Rings Throughout Europe The heir to the Austro-
Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated on June
28, 1914 He and his wife, Sophie, were paying a visit to
Bosnia
Slide 23
A Shot Rings Throughout Europe He was assassinated by Gavrilo
Princip, a Serbian and member of the Black Hand The Black Hand was
a secret society Their goal was to rid Bosnia of Austrian rule
Slide 24
Slide 25
Borijove Jevtics Account You are an Editor for the Serbian
Chronicle. Write a newspaper account of the events that took place
on June 28. Use quotes from Borijove Jevtic.
Slide 26
Franz Ferdinand Band Formed in 2002 Song All for you, Sophia is
speaking of Sophie as well as mentions Gavrilo Princip, the Black
Hand, and Urban (Franz Ferdinand)
Slide 27
Slide 28
War Breaks Out Austria saw this murder as an excuse to punish
Serbia On July 28 Austria declared war on Serbia
Slide 29
Russia Joins War Russia was an ally of Serbia with its large
Slavic population Russia ordered the mobilization of troops to the
Austrian border
Slide 30
Triple Alliance Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy Triple
Entente France, Russia, and Great Britain
Slide 31
Chain Reaction Russia also began mobilizing troops to the
German border Germany then declared war on Russia on August 1
Slide 32
Chain Reaction 2 days after, August 3 rd, Germany declared war
on France Great Britain then declared war on Germany
Slide 33
Chain Reaction
Slide 34
Central Powers Germany Austria-Hungary Bulgaria * Ottoman
Empire * *Joined in hopes of regaining lost territory
Slide 35
Allied Powers Great Britain France Russia Japan joined shortly
there after Italy joined after accusing its former partners
(Austria and Germany) of unjustly starting a war
Slide 36
World War I Many thought the war would be very short Not many
knew how horrible this war would actually be
Slide 37
Quiz 1.What country carried out the Schlieffen Plan? 2.Name 3
Central Powers. 3.Give 2 reasons why the US entered World War I.
4.What did the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk do?
Slide 38
2 Front War
Slide 39
Germany: Schlieffen Plan Plan was to defeat France in the West
quickly Then move East and defeat Russia Russia lagged behind
France in railroads and industry
Slide 40
Germany: Schlieffen Plan By Fall, Germany was finding great
success in defeating France on the Western Front Germany had swept
into France and were on the outskirts of Paris
Slide 41
First Battle of the Marne Great Victory for France Outside of
Paris France threw everything they had at Germany After 4 days of
fighting, Germany retreated
Slide 42
First Battle of Marne Schlieffen Plan was now left in ruins A
quick victory on the Western Front for Germany now did not look too
promising Stalemate on the Western Front
Slide 43
Trench Warfare Opposing armies dug up trenches/ditches that
they fought from Area between trenches was known as No mans land
Armies trade huge loses fighting in the trenches
Slide 44
Trenches Conditions were awful! Mud Rats Malnutrition Lack of
Sleep Artillery fire was aimed at the trenches
Slide 45
The men slept in mud, washed in mud, ate mud, and dreamed mud.
-Anonymous Soldier
Slide 46
Shells of all calibers kept raining on our sectorThe trenches
disappeared, filled with earthThe air was unbreathable. Our
blinded, wounded crawling, and shouting soldiers kept falling on
top of us and died splashing us with food. It was living Hell.
-French Soldier
Slide 47
A Global Conflict Japan and Australia joined the Allies The
Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria joined the Central Powers France and
Great Britain used its colonists in Africa to help fight the
war
Slide 48
World War I Allied Powers Great Britain France Russia Italy
Japan United States (Joined 1917) Central Powers Germany
Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Ottoman Empire
Slide 49
Machine Gun
Slide 50
Poison Gas
Slide 51
Submarine
Slide 52
Tank
Slide 53
Fighter Planes
Slide 54
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare German U-Boats sinking any ships
near Britain without warning Lusitania, 1915 A British passenger
ship Left 1,198 dead 128 US citizens dead
Slide 55
Zimmerman Telegram February of 1917 Asked for Mexico to ally
with Germany Germany would help Mexico take back its land it lost
in the Mexican War
Slide 56
U.S. Enters War Reasons: Unrestricted submarine warfare
Zimmerman Telegram Under Woodrow Wilson, US enters war in 1917 on
the side of the Allies
Slide 57
Total War A country devoting all its resources to the war
effort Rationing of goods Propaganda supporting the war Women in
the workplace (taking soldiers jobs)
Slide 58
Slide 59
Slide 60
World War I Coming to an End
Slide 61
Russia Withdraws, 1918 After the Russian Revolution (1917)
Russia led by Lenin Russia signs Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with
Germany
Slide 62
Germany focuses on West Russia out of the war now allowed
Germany to focus only on the Western Front Germany threw everything
they had at the Allies in France
Slide 63
2 nd Battle of the Marne July, 1918 Allies counterattacked
Central Powers Huge success for Allies Central Powers began to
crumble
Slide 64
World War I Ends November 9, 1918 Kaiser Wilhelm II stepped
down On November 11, 1918 Germany and France signed an armistice
(an agreement to stop fighting)
Slide 65
Armistice Day (Veterans Day) "To us in America, the reflections
of Armistice Day will be filled with solemn pride in the heroism of
those who died in the country's service and with gratitude for the
victory, both because of the thing from which it has freed us and
because of the opportunity it has given America to show her
sympathy with peace and justice in the councils of the nations.
-Woodrow Wilson
Slide 66
Legacy of WWI 8.5 million soldiers died 21 million soldiers
were wounded War cost a total of 338 Billion Dollars
Slide 67
14 Points Drawn up by Woodrow Wilson before war ended These
outlined a plan for achieving peace throughout Europe
Slide 68
Treaty of Versailles Compromise between Germany and the Allied
Powers signed on June 28, 1919 Created a League of Nations, an
international association, to keep peace among nations
Slide 69
Europe Carved Up Out of Austria-Hungary: Austria Hungary
Czechoslovakia Yugoslavia
Slide 70
Europe Carved Up Out of Ottoman Empire: Retained only Turkey
*Palestine *Iraq *Transjordan #Syria #Lebanon *Mandated nation by
Britain #Mandated nation by France
Slide 71
Europe Carve Up Out of Russia: Finland Estonia Latvia Lithuania
*Romania and Poland gained Russian territory