World War I Begins Chapter 21, Lesson 1

EQ: Why do politics often lead to war?

Vocabulary: WW I

Nationalism Imperialism Militarism (pg. 411) Conscription Mobilization

World War I 1914-1918

As European countries formed alliances and increased the sizes of their military, they set the stage for a global war.

War begins 1914 and ends in 1918.

1. Long-Term Causes of the War: Nationalism

Nationalism—deep devotion to one’s Nation Competition and rivalry

developed between European nations for territory and markets

2. Long Term Causes: Imperialism

Imperialism—European competition for colonies Quest for colonies often

almost led to war—especially in Africa

Imperialism led to rivalry and mistrust amongst European nations

3. Long Term Causes: Militarism

Militarism—aggressive preparation for war Industrialization allowed for new technology to develop;

and new ways of shipbuilding using iron, steel, and chemicals for new weapons.

Keeping a large standing army prepared for war Arms race for military technology Many countries established conscription (military draft)

as regular practice.

4. Long Term Causes: Alliance System

Alliance System Designed to keep peace in Europe,

instead pushed continent towards war

Many Alliances made in secret By 1907 two major alliances: Triple

Alliance and Triple Entente

Activity #1: Alliances

1. Complete the map using the map on pg. 411. TITLE: Europe Before WWI, 1914

2. Complete the table by reading Cause of the War (pg. 410-411)

3. Answer the Geography Connection Questions (pg. 411)

4. VIDEO: WWI BEGINS

Determining Cause and Effect: What factors contributed to the outbreak of World War I?

Activity #1: Causes of the War

Read Causes of the War (pg. 410) Identify the effect each of the following

had in causing war.

The Two Sides

Triple AllianceGermany

Austria-HungaryItaly

Central PowersGermany

Austria-HungaryOttoman Empire

Triple EntenteEnglandFranceRussia

Allied PowersEngland, France,

Russia, United States, Italy, Serbia, Belgium, Switzerland

The Balkans

Short-Term Cause: Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand

Assassination of Franz Ferdinand—June 28,1914 Serbia (supported by Russia) wanted to create an independent Slavic state in the

Balkans. Austrian-Hungarians refused.

Serbian group killed the heir to the Austria-Hungarian (Hapsburg) throne, Francis Ferdinand because they wanted to free Bosnia from Austria-Hungary.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZmHxq28440c

Consequences of the Assassination of Archduke

Austria-Hungary—didn’t know if Serbian gov. had planned the assassination—wanted to attack Serbia, but they were afraid powerful Russia would intervene on Serbia’s behalf.

Austria-Hungarian asked its ally Germany to help—Germany’s Emperor William II agrees to help.

July 28, 1914 Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia.

Russia Joins the War

Russia supported Serbia—Czar Nicolas II ordered the mobilization of the Russian army against Austria-Hungary.

Mobilization in 1914 was an act of war! Russia mobilized its army against both

Austria-Hungary and Germany.

The Conflict Broadens

Germans asked Russians to stop mobilization, but they refused—Germany declares war on Russia.

France and Russia are allies so the Germans developed a two-front war with France and Russia

The Shlieffen Plan had German troops attack France by moving through Belgium.

Belgium was a neutral nation!!

Schlieffen Plan: Had German troops attach France by moving through Belgium

Great Britain (allied with France and Russia) declares war on Germany for violating Belgium neutrality.

By mid-summer all of the Great Powers of Europe were at war!

Activity #3: Summer of 1914—

Triple Entente & Triple Alliance Actions

Complete the Sequence Chain worksheet. Read pg. 412-413 “The Outbreak of

War” to identify and explain the events that led to World War I.