Objectives: Agenda: Pretest with clickers, WWI Into notes, Trench life, Propaganda work Do Now: Pre Test w/ clickers

Hmwk: Register for AP Exam !!!!!

World War I: 1914-1918The Great War

I. Europe Before the War

Austro-Hungarian Empire

German EmpireGreat Britain

France

Ottoman Empire (Balkans)

Russian Empire

II. Why the Great War Began• Militarism – “glorification of military

strength”• Each nation tried to get a bigger army or

navy than the other (arms race)• Alliance System – leaders of nations

promised to aid one another in case of attack

• Central Powers/Triple Alliance – Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire

• Allied Powers/Triple Entente – Great Britain, France, Russia

II. Why The Great War Began• Imperialism – competition for colonial

empires fueled rivalry• Nationalism – Ethnic groups wanted

nations of their own (especially in Austria-Hungary).

• Example: Ethnic Slav people in the Balkan “powder keg” – they were under the control of either the Ottoman or Austro-Hungarian Empires and wanted their own nation-states!

• Serbia was an independent Slavic nation and wanted other Slavs to join them in a new nation-state. The area had several wars in the early 1900s, trying to achieve this aim.

http://www.the-map-as-history.com/demos/tome06%23.URZpJ_Hidrw.gmail

III. The Spark• Archduke Franz Ferdinand

heir to Austria-Hungary’s throne – assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia (in the Balkans) by a Serbian nationalist who didn’t like Austria’s ownership of territory where Slavic people lived

• Austria declares war on Serbia. Russia had to honor its alliance with Serbia.

• Alliance system kicks in, and soon everyone is at war. Nations enter with excitement; believe the war will be short.

Wow.

IV. Schlieffen Plan• Germany’s War Plan

– Massive attack to quickly defeat France– Then focus on Russia in the East, which would

take longer to get their troops to the front• The Reality:

– Attacks bog down (Battle of the Marne)– Both sides build trenches and realize the war will not be short– Trench Warfare begins

V. New Methods of Warfare: Total War & War of Attrition

• Total War- all possible resources and people are geared toward war effort– New method of warfare based on new

weapons & tactics– Colonies taken advantage of, for

extraction of human/natural resources

• War of Attrition- war fought not to gain capital but to exhaust resources of your opponent(s).

New Technology of WWI

• Poisonous gas (first used by Germans 1915) – Mustard gas was feared in the trenches (1.2

million casualties)• Airplanes

– Used to survey regions, led to “dogfights”• Tanks (introduced by British 1915)• Machine guns

Trench Life

Looking at Propaganda

1.Study the following propaganda posters from World War I

2.Complete the questions about each propaganda piece on the worksheet you picked up at the beginning of class.