World Semester 1

ReviewMs. Ramos

Alta Loma High School

What was groundbreaking about the development of

democracy?

• People were governed by councils, instead of by an absolute ruler.

A political system in which representatives are elected by the people follows the model

of

• a republic.

Greco-Roman and Judeo-Christian traditions share an

emphasis on

• individual choice.

According to ancient Greek philosophers, with whom did

a tyrant share power?

• nobody

Plato wrote that a tyrant can become dangerous because every tyrant has too much

• freedom to rule.

“We, the Japanese people… do proclaim that sovereign power resides with the people and do

firmly establish this Constitution.”—The Constitution of Japan, 1946

What principle is reflected in the quotation from the Japanese

Constitution?

• popular sovereignty

The U.S. Constitution reflects the principle of _____ by

sharing power between the national and state

governments.

• federalism

The division of South Korea’s government into three

branches with distinct powers reflects the principle of

• separation of powers

European intellectual movement that emphasized the

responsibility of government to protect people’s natural rights

was called the

• Enlightenment.

The phrase “natural rights” is original to and central to the

writings of which philosopher?

• John Locke

The ideas of Locke and Rousseau influenced ____ in his commitment to fight for

democratic revolution in Latin America.

• Simón Bolívar

The American Declaration of Independence and the French

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen both

• emphasize the rights of the individual.

English colonists in America expected to have

representative government in the colonies because

• there was a tradition of representative government in England.

John Adams, second U.S. president, said that even before

the War for Independence began, “The Revolution was in the

hearts and minds of the people.” What is the best way to

paraphrase Adams’s meaning? • The American Revolution was rooted in

people’s beliefs.

Which document was written before all the others?

Articles of ConfederationU.S. Constitution

Declaration of IndependenceUnited States Bill of Rights

• Declaration of Independence

In pre-Revolutionary France, what were the social classes

called

• estate system

Who carried out the “Reign of Terror” in France?

• the Committee for Public Safety

What form of government did Napoleon Bonaparte lead?

• dictatorship

What was the primary concern of the Concert of

Europe?

• the possibility of revolution

What was a direct effect of increased food production

during Europe’s Agricultural Revolution?

• The population increased.

A defining feature of Europe’s Industrial Revolution was that many commercial goods were

made by ____.

• machine

A geographic advantage of England in the Industrial

Revolution was its

• natural harbors

The “Black Country” of England was known for its

• smoke from coal.

What impact did the steam engine have on the growth of

industry?

• provided an efficient source of power

By the 1840s, England was connected by a network of

• railroads.

In Great Britain, the Factory Act of 1819 declared it illegal for children to work more than 12 hours a day. What does the act suggest about

labor conditions at that time?

• Some children spent more than half of each day working.

In 1902, Pennsylvania coal miners refused to work,

returning to their jobs only when guaranteed a 10 percent pay

increase and reduction of hours. The miners’ action is an example

of• a strike.

“They are the leaders on the way to material progress . . . . They guess what the consumers

would like to have and are intent on providing them with these things.”

—from Human Action: A Treatise onEconomics, Ludwig von Mises

According to the quotation, what skill is important to a business leader?

• an understanding of people’s needs

What is the goal of industrial production?

• the manufacture of consumer goods that can be sold

What was the relationship between work and property in

a utopian community?

• People worked together and shared their property.

With what economic idea is Karl Marx most closely

associated?

• communism

Citizens in a social democracy expect their

government to

• provide them with certain benefits.

Which economic system emerged in Europe as a

response to both capitalist and socialist ideals?

• social democracy

Which would have been the most likely subject for a classical painter?

a farmer milking a cowfolk dancing

ancient Greek philosophersa sunset over magnificent mountains

• ancient Greek philosophers

European Romanticism celebrated the beauty of nature at a time when

• industrialization was polluting the land.

Nineteenth-century European Romantics tended to view the

past as a

• gentler time.

What geography-related goal most motivated 19th-century European

imperialists?exploration of major waterways

exploration of inland areasdiscovery of shorter trade routes

control of trade routes

• control of trade routes

Christian missionaries in colonized lands, in the 1800s,wanted people in other lands

to

• become Christians.

A 19th-century English Social Darwinist would say that his

or her nation’s power was proof of

• its superiority.

What two European nations colonized most of South

America?

• England and France

The purpose of the Berlin Conference was to plan for

the

• division of Africa.

STUDY for your final!!!!!!