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World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellIndustrial Revolution
WHAT was it?
The transition from ________________________ of goods to using
___________________.
Introduction of ________________________________.
Using new energy sources.o Steam, water, coal.
Factory made instead of home made goods.
Moving from ________________________ areas to ______________ cities.
New technologies & inventions.
CAUSES of the Industrial Revolution
Began in ____________________ in the mid-18th century (middle of 1700s)
Geographical advantages
o Many _________________________________________
o Plentiful ______________
o Island protected from invasion
o Close to European markets
o Well-located for trade
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellIndustrial Revolution
Transportation & Communication
o Well-developed coastal trade.
o Lots of canals and __________________________
o Excellent _________________________________
o Daily newspapers
o Most powerful ____________ in the world.
Agricultural Improvements
o ______________ crop fields for efficient crop production.
o Careful animal breeding.
o New technologies and tools allowed farmers to produce __________
______________________________________________.
o _________ people were needed to work on farms.
Left without jobs!
Shift from Home (Cottage) to Factories
Cloth, and cloth goods, were made _______________________________.
During the Industrial Revolution, cloth and cloth goods were being made
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellIndustrial Revolution
in ___________________.
Benefits of factories…
o Higher rates of _______________________
o ________________________________
o Supplied to higher _________________ of goods
What might be some negative aspects of working in factories?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Innovations in TEXTILE Manufacturing
Revolution came to _____________________________ first!!!
Flying Shuttle (1733): Allowed a weaver to _________________________,
and much wider fabrics.
Spinning Jenny (1764): Allowed ___________________________ of thread
to be made __________________________.
Steam Engine (1769): ________________________ engine did not have to
be placed near a __________ source. Factories could now be built anywhere.
Water Loom (1785): Faster, water-powered version of the flying shuttle.
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellIndustrial Revolution
Because of these inventions, people stopped working __________________
_______________________and began _____________ to the places where
the machines were.
o These were in the first_____________________ !!!
Working Conditions
Factories were ___________________________________ !
Worked _________ hours, ___________ pay.
Women & children worked in factories.
o Children often did dangerous jobs because of their size.
People were easily laid off had no way to support their families.
If conditions were so bad, why would people work in the factories?
_____________________________________________________________
Industrialization and TRANSPORTATION
Steam Boats (1780s):
o ______________________ (USA) designed the first commercially
successful steam boat.
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellIndustrial Revolution
o Also designed early submarines and torpedoes.
Steam engine locomotives/trains (1800s):
o __________________________ designed the first successful steam
locomotive.
o Railroads impacts transportation, but also the industries of ________,
_______, and __________.
URBANIZATION
Fewer people were needed to work on farms.
People moved to the ___________ to work in factories.
Cities became _______________ and ________________.
Factories _______________________________________.
City governments were unable to meet the needs of all these new citizens.
FAMILY LIFE
Families no longer worked together on farms.
Men, women, and children worked in factories.
Families spent less ___________________________.
Cities did not have enough __________________ and had sanitation issues.
_______________ like cholera and typhus spread through the cities quickly.
Later reforms helped improved sanitation, disease control, public education, and
working conditions.
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellIndustrial Revolution
REFORM MOVEMENTS
Worker’s Unions
o ___________________________________________; would go on
___________ if working conditions and pay did not improve.
o Could be abusive towards workers who did not stay on strike.
Politicians and Factory Owners would make reforms in order to win votes
from union members.
Social Reforms
o Banned women and children from working in mines.
o Limited work day to __________________ a day.
o Improved working conditions.
o Established ________________________ for unemployed.
Municipal (City) Reforms
o ____________________________________
o Improved ____________________________
o Introduced sewer systems to help stop the spread of disease.
o Built street lamps for night time.
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellIndustrial Revolution
o Increased ____________________________
o Added __________________________________________!!
SCIENCE and IndustrializationLouis Pasteur (1822-1895)
French chemist
o Today also known as ______________________________________
Believed disease was caused by _____________.
Showed that sanitary measures could improve health.
o Washing hands and boiling instruments before operations.
Developed vaccines to combat anthrax and rabies.
Pioneered the heating of liquids to kills germs.
o Called ___________________________.
ECONOMICS and Industrialization
Economics: _____________________________________________.
o Hope to meet your ____________ while maybe having extra for your
__________.
The economy depends on how people
o Work
o Earn, save, and spend money
o Invest money
o Use time and energy in relation to money
To win the game, you must know how to play.
To play to win, you must have a game plan.
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellIndustrial Revolution
Law of Supply & Demand
o If supply goes _______, then demand goes ___________.
Price is _____________!
o If supply goes _____________, then demand goes _______.
Price is _____________!
ADAM SMITH
Scottish professor
Wrote ___________________________ in 1776.
Said:o Division of labor helps production.
o _____________________________________________________
Answer 3 important questions…
o ______________ should be produced?
o ______________ should it be produced?
o ______________ should get it?
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellIndustrial Revolution
o Only producers with the best goods and prices will stay in business.
o An “invisible hand” guides individual actions for the common good.
o Favored _________________ (gov’t stays ________ of business)
Free Enterprise/CapitalismCharacteristics
__________ decide what to make, sell, and buy.
____________________________ and decide how to use it.
Some people invest in ______________________________ seeking a profit.
Some people make the same goods and create ___________________.
Government interference is ____________________!
Government sets the ___________ and settles ________________.
Producers and consumers answer the 3 basic questions, not government.
KARL MARX and the Birth of COMMUNISM
Marx wrote the ____________________________.
He believed that workers would rise up against owners because they were
underpaid and owners made huge profits.
He said workers would create a ______________________ society.
o In communism everything is owned in __________________.
Nothing belongs to “anyone,” it all belongs to “everyone.”
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellIndustrial Revolution
o There is no ______________________________________________.
Everyone is 100% equal and deserves the exact same things.
o _________________ would replace competition.
SOCIALISM
Wants…
Improve conditions for workers.
Government to step in and ________________________________ workers.
Government to ________________________ businesses.
Improve worker conditions through political parties.
Supported…
__________________________________
Low-cost housing
Cheap __________ transportation
___________________________________
Work together, not against each other.
