World History/ GeographyMonday November 16, 2015

Warm Up:Why do you think people permanently move from one location to another?Write down as many reasons as you can. Do not share with your neighbors. Who ever has the most original ideas wins!!!!

Today’s Objective: Explain how political, economic, social and environmental push and pull factors and physical geography affect the routes and flows of human migration

Why do people move?

What makes people leave a place?

• political reasons

• economic reasons

• social reasons

• environmental reasons

PUSH FACTORS

What makes people move to place?

Which is a

• political reasons

• economic reasons

• social reasons

• environmental reasons

PULL FACTORS

Push and Pull FactorsPush Factors

Negative conditions at homeReal conditionsPerceived conditions

Push the decision to migrate

Pull FactorsPositive attributes in destination

Real opportunitiesPerceived opportunities

Pull the immigrant to move

Push Factors Not enough jobs Few opportunities "Primitive" conditions Political fear Not being able to

practice religion Poor medical care Loss of wealth Natural disasters Death threats Slavery Pollution Poor housing Landlords Poor chances of finding

courtship War conditions in area

Pull Factors Job opportunities Better living

conditions Political and/or

religious freedom Enjoyment Education Better medical care Security Family links Better chances of

finding courtship Get rich easily

Economic Push and Pull Factors

Most common reason for migrating Move to places that seem to have opportunity and

out of places that have very little US and Canada historically have had many

immigrants come for opportunity Relative attractiveness of a region can shift with

economic change Because of economic restructuring, job prospects

often vary from one country to another and within regions of the same country.

Examples: Jobs, standard of living, poverty, technology, agriculture

Social Push and Pull Factors More often migration caused by social factors is a push, such

as active religious persecution Social Push factors of migration include lack of education,

medical facilities, high crime rate - moving somewhere for a better quality of life or to be closer to family or friends

Social factors can be a pull as well, such as superior medical care or education

Refugees- people who have been forced to migrate from their homes and cannot return for fear of prosecution due to their race, religion, nationality, or political opinion

Examples: Education, Language, religion, Women’s rights, ethnic persecution, class struggles, newspapers, population concerns

Political Push and Pull Factors Forced international migration has historically occurred for two

main cultural reasons: slavery and political instability.

the existence of tolerant government policies with regards to religion, race, political views and so on may make certain countries more attractive to potential migrants

Political conditions can also operate as pull factors, especially the lure of freedom.

People are attracted to democratic countries that encourage individual choice in education, career, and place of residence.

Examples: Government policies, civil rights, wars

Environmental Push and Pull Factors

Pushed out of hazardous regions– pulled into attractive ones

Attractive areas would include: mountains, beach, and warm climates

Too little or too much water is a major push factor Drought and floodplains

An area subject to flooding during a specific number of years

Natural Disasters

Examples: Climate, vegetation, natural catastrophes, tectonics

Emigration- migration from a location

Immigration- migration to a location

Immigration is the migration of people into a country from their

home country while Emigration is the migration of people out of a country to another country.

Immigration

Elis Island, NY Angel Island, San Francisco CA

Urbanization

Urbanization refers to the proportion of people in living in cities.

It also refers to the process in which rural populations move to urban areas.

Urbanization refers to all of the cities in a country, considered as an urban system.

The urban system is the network of individual cities within a region or country.

Sources of Urbanization:

The urban system of a country grows mainly by:

1. Natural population increase (births – deaths)

2. Migration from rural areas (especially in countries with large rural populations)

3. Immigration from other countries (especially in Europe and North America)

4. Reclassification of urban boundaries to encompass formerly rural areas

Urban Growth is Speeding Up

Time required to reach 2 million population:

Rome, Italy 2000 years

Vienna, Austria 400 years Vancouver, B.C. 115

years Shenzhen, China 20

years

Population Distribution

Population distribution refers to where people live around the world. For instance, in the United States most people live on the coasts or near major waterways. Population is not evenly distributed around the earth’s surface.

The factors that influence population distribution are:

natural resources

Climate

economic development

government policy

rural/urban settlement

capital resources

conflicts.

.

Population Growth The factors that influence population growth are:

A. Modern medicine and hygiene

B. Education

C. Industrialization and urbanization

D. Economic development

E. Government policy

F. Role of women in society

Population Density The number of people living in a given area

Population Distribution

Populations