World Cultures and Geography - McDougal · PDF fileMcDougal Littell World Cultures and Geography ©2005 correlated to the Oregon Social Sciences Standards Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Oregon

McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company

Oregon Social Sciences Standards correlated to

World Cultures and Geography

Category 2: Social Sciences, Grades 6-8

McDougal Littell World Cultures and Geography

correlated to the

Oregon Social Sciences Standards

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8)

1 * Bolded references represent exemplars. References in regular type represent other examples.



Pupil’s Edition (PE)

Teacher’s Edition (TE)

CIVICS AND GOVERNMENT: Understand and apply knowledge about governmental and political systems, and the rights and responsibilities of citizens. Common Curriculum Goal Understand the origins, purposes, and functions of U.S. government, including the structure and meaning of the U.S. Constitution. Content Standard Understand the purposes of government and the basic constitutional principles of the United States republican form of government.

94-98, 114, 115, 280, 285, 295 94-98, 114, 115, 280, 285, 295

94-98, 114, 115, 280, 285, 295, 316 94-98, 114, 115, 280, 285, 295, 316

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand the purposes of government as stated in the Constitution and the specific provisions that limit the power of government in order to protect the rights of individuals.

94-98, 295 90, 94-98, 295

McDougal Littell World Cultures and Geography ©2005 correlated to the Oregon Social Sciences Standards Benchmark 3 (Grade 8)





Distinguish the purposes of government as stated in the Preamble.

94-95, 114 94-95, 114

Understand how the power of government is limited in the United States.

96-98, 114 96-98, 114

Recognize the provisions of the Bill of Rights (Amendments 1-10) that protect individual rights.

96, 98 96, 98

Common Curriculum Goal Understand the organization, responsibilities, and interrelationships of local, state, and federal governments in the United States. Content Standard Understand the responsibilities and interrelationships of local, state, and national government in the U.S.

96-98, 114 96-98, 114

96-98, 114, 380 96-98, 114, 380

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Identify and distinguish how powers and responsibilities are distributed and balanced among the federal, state, and local levels.

96-98 96-98, 285, 380

Identify the power and/or responsibility of each level of government.

96-97 96-97, 285

Understand how laws are made and enforced at the federal, state, and local levels.

97 97, 285

2






Common Curriculum Goal Understand the roles of the three branches of government and explain how their powers are distributed and shared. Content Standard Understand the roles and powers of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.

98 98

98, 380 98, 380

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand the powers of each branch of government as stated in the Constitution.

98, 114 98, 114, 380

Understand the basic idea of checks and balances of each branch of the federal government.

96-98, 114 96-98, 114, 380

Identify the legislative, executive, and judicial institutions at each level of government.

96-98, 114 96-98, 114, 380

Understand the powers and responsibilities of the executive branch of government.

98 98, 380

Understand how courts are organized by level and jurisdiction, and that law is divided into Constitutional Law, criminal law, and civil law.

98 98, 380

3






Common Curriculum Goal Understand personal and political rights of citizens in the United States. Content Standard Understand the roles, rights, and responsibilities of citizens in the United States.

90-91, 114 90-91, 114

83d, 90-91, 114, 330 83d, 90-91, 114, 330

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand citizens’ rights and how the Constitution protects those rights.

90-91, 114 83d, 90-91, 114

Identify and understand the rights of citizens guaranteed under the Bill of Rights.

90-91, 96 90-91, 96

Common Curriculum Goal Understand participatory responsibilities of citizens in the community (voluntarism) and in the political process (becoming informed about public issues and candidates, joining political parties/interest groups/associations, communicating with public officials, voting, influencing lawmaking through such processes as petitions/initiatives). Content Standard Understand the participatory obligations of U.S. citizens.

21, 90-91, 114, 364, 367, 375 21, 90-91, 114, 364, 367, 375

21, 83d, 90-91, 114, 269d, 330, 364, 367, 375 21, 83d, 90-91, 114, 269d, 330, 364, 367, 375

4






Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand how citizens can make their voices heard in the political process.

90-91, 114, 364, 367, 375

83d, 90-91, 114, 364, 367, 375

Identify and give examples of ways that citizens can let their opinions be known in the political process.

90-91, 114, 280, 364, 385, 399-401, 618

83d, 90-91, 114, 280, 364, 385, 399-401, 618

Common Curriculum Goal Understand how government is influenced and changed by support and dissent of individuals, groups, and international organizations. Content Standard Understand how individuals, groups, and international organizations influence government.

39, 79, 96, 114, 176-177, 187, 210, 253, 234, 316, 320-322, 336, 358, 360-362, 364-363, 381, 399-401, 612-613, 618, 656, 704-705, 709 39, 79, 96, 176-177, 187, 210, 253, 234, 316, 320-322, 336, 358, 360-362, 364-363, 381, 399-401, 612-613, 618, 656, 704-705, 709

39, 79, 96, 114, 176-177, 187, 210, 253, 234, 316, 320-322, 336, 349d, 358, 360-362, 364-363, 381, 399-401, 612-613, 618, 656, 704-705, 709 39, 79, 96, 176-177, 187, 210, 253, 234, 316, 320-322, 336, 349d, 358, 360-362, 364-363, 381, 399-401, 612-613, 618, 656, 704-705, 709

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Identify and give examples of how groups and organizations can influence the actions of government.

127, 316-317, 322, 358, 364, 381, 399-401, 612-613, 618

127, 316-317, 322, 349d, 358, 364, 381, 399-401, 612-613, 618, 704

Identify and give examples of how groups and organizations can influence government policy or decisions and describe how these actions can lead to such influence.

127, 316-317, 320-322, 358, 364, 381, 399-401, 612-613, 618

127, 316-317, 320-322, 349d, 358, 364, 381, 399-401, 612-613, 618, 704

5






Common Curriculum Goal Understand how nations interact with each other, how events and issues in other countries can affect citizens in the United States, and how actions and concepts of democracy and individual rights of the United States can affect other peoples and nations. Content Standard Understand how the United States government relates and interacts with other nations.

106-107, 112-113, 129-130, 177-178, 188, 205-206, 216, 222, 310-311, 329-332, 333-338, 346-347, 360-364, 381, 449-453, 481-485, 507-511, 523-524, 561-562, 635, 655-657, 750-755 106-107, 112-113, 129-130, 177-178, 188, 205-206, 216, 222, 310-311, 329-332, 333-338, 346-347, 360-364, 381, 449-453, 481-485, 507-511, 523-524, 561-562, 635, 655-657, 750-755

106-107, 112-113, 129-130, 177-178, 188, 205-206, 216, 217, 222, 310-311, 329-332, 333-338, 346-347, 349d, 360-364, 381, 449-453, 464, 481-485, 507-511, 523-524, 561-562, 635, 655-657, 750-755 106-107, 112-113, 129-130, 177-178, 188, 205-206, 216, 217, 222, 310-311, 329-332, 333-338, 346-347, 349d, 360-364, 381, 449-453, 464, 481-485, 507-511, 523-524, 561-562, 635, 655-657, 750-755

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand how actions of the U.S. government affect citizens of both the United States and other countries.

106-107, 112-113, 129-130, 177-178, 188, 205-206, 216, 222, 333-338, 452-453, 481, 508, 657, 750-755

106-107, 112-113, 129-130, 177-178, 188, 205-206, 216, 217, 222, 333-338, 452-453, 481, 508, 657, 750-755

Know how the U.S. government affects citizens of other countries.

106-107, 112-113, 129-130, 177-178, 188, 205-206, 216, 222, 333-338, 452-453, 481, 508, 657, 750-755

106-107, 112-113, 129-130, 177-178, 188, 205-206, 216, 217, 222, 333-338, 452-453, 481, 508, 657, 750-755

Know how U.S. government actions with other nations affect citizens of the United States.

106-107, 112-113, 129-130, 177-178, 188, 205-206, 216, 222, 333-338, 452-453, 481, 508, 657, 750-755

106-107, 112-113, 129-130, 177-178, 188, 205-206, 216, 217, 222, 333-338, 452-453, 481, 508, 657, 750-755

6






Common Curriculum Goal Analyze major political systems of the world. Content Standard Understand that there are different ways for governments to be organized and to hold power.

19, 94-98, 125-126, 183-184, 207, 223, 234, 252-253, 280, 285-288, 292-295, 330, 342-343, 355-356, 360-362, 368, 379-381, 384-385, 390-391, 424-425, 516, 524-526, 615-619, 646-647, 703-705 19, 94-98, 125-126, 183-184, 207, 223, 234, 252-253, 280, 285-288, 292-295, 330, 342-343, 355-356, 360-362, 368, 379-381, 384-385, 390-391, 424-425, 516, 524-526, 615-619, 646-647, 703-705

19, 94-98, 125-126, 183-184, 207, 223, 234, 252-253, 279, 280, 285-288, 292-295, 330, 342-343, 355-356, 360-362, 368, 379-381, 384-385, 390-391, 424-425, 516, 524-526, 615-619, 646-647, 703-705 19, 94-98, 125-126, 183-184, 207, 223, 234, 252-253, 279, 280, 285-288, 292-295, 330, 342-343, 355-356, 360-362, 368, 379-381, 384-385, 390-391, 424-425, 516, 524-526, 615-619, 646-647, 703-705

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand various forms of government.

19, 94-98, 125-126, 183-184, 207, 223, 234, 252-253, 280, 285-288, 292-295, 330, 342-343, 355-356, 360-362, 368, 379-381, 384-385, 390-391, 424-425, 516, 524-526, 615-619, 646-647, 703-705

19, 94-98, 125-126, 183-184, 207, 223, 234, 252-253, 279, 280, 285-288, 292-295, 330, 342-343, 355-356, 360-362, 368, 379-381, 384-385, 390-391, 424-425, 516, 524-526, 615-619, 646-647, 703-705

Compare and contrast various forms of government to the United States’ government.

19, 94-98, 125-126, 183-184, 207, 223, 234, 252-253, 280, 285, 295, 330, 343, 361-362, 379-381, 548-549, 615-619, 708-711, 736

19, 94-98, 125-126, 183-184, 207, 223, 234, 252-253, 279, 280, 285, 293, 295, 330, 343, 361-362, 379-381, 436, 450, 548-549, 615-619, 708-711, 736

Common Curriculum Goal Analyze the concepts of political power, authority, conflict, and conflict management.

19, 94-98, 125-126, 183-184, 207, 223, 234, 252-253, 280, 286-288, 292-295, 327, 449-453, 495, 516, 562, 611-613, 618, 635, 655-657, 701-705

19, 94-98, 125-126, 183-184, 207, 217, 223, 234, 252-253, 279, 280, 286-288, 292-295, 327, 436, 449-453, 495, 516, 562, 611-613, 618, 635, 655-657, 701-705, 710

7






ECONOMICS: Understand economic concepts and principles and how available resources are allocated in a market economy. Common Curriculum Goal Understand that resources are limited (e.g., scarcity). Content Standard Understand the economic concept of scarcity.

20, 78, 79, 157-158, 351, 455-457, 509, 714-715 20, 78, 79, 157-158, 351, 455-457, 509, 714-715

20, 78, 79, 157-158, 276, 351, 455-457, 495, 509, 714-715 20, 78, 79, 157-158, 276, 351, 455-457, 495, 509, 714-715

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand incentives in a market economy that influence individuals and businesses in allocating resources (time, money, labor, and natural resources).

104-107, 314-315, 383, 658, 684-685, 714-715, 724

104-107, 314-315, 383, 456, 495, 658, 684-685, 714-715, 724

Know that people respond predictably to positive and negative incentives.

104-107, 314-315, 383, 658, 684-685, 714-715, 724

104-107, 314-315, 383, 456, 495, 658, 684-685, 714-715, 724

Common Curriculum Goal Understand economic trade-offs and how choices result in both costs and benefits to individuals and society. Content Standard Understand how trade-offs and opportunity costs are decisions that can be measured in terms of costs and benefits.

104-107, 128-130, 185-189, 209-211, 314-315, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 440-442, 554, 622-624, 713, 738 104-107, 128-130, 185-189, 209-211, 314-315, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 440-442, 554, 622-624, 713, 738

104-107, 128-130, 185-189, 209-211, 227d, 241, 276, 314-315, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 440-442, 554, 622-624, 713, 714, 738 104-107, 128-130, 185-189, 209-211, 227d, 241, 276, 314-315, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 440-442, 554, 622-624, 713, 714, 738

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand how trade-offs and opportunity costs can be identified and measured.

104-105, 128-130, 185-189, 209-211, 314-315, 369, 392, 401-402, 622-624

104-105, 128-130, 185-189, 209-211, 227d, 314-315, 369, 392, 401-402, 622-624, 714

Know and give examples of how changes in the economy impose costs on some and benefits on others because they arbitrarily redistribute purchasing power.

104-105, 128-130, 185-189, 209-211, 369, 401-402, 624, 650-651, 738

104-105, 128-130, 185-189, 209-211, 227d, 241, 369, 401-402, 624, 650-651, 738

8






Distinguish between “needs” and “wants” in the U.S. and other countries of the world, and the impact of the media.

104-105, 128-130, 185-189, 209-211, 369, 622-624

104-105, 128-130, 185-189, 209-211, 227d, 241, 369, 495, 622-624

Common Curriculum Goal Understand how conditions in an economy influence and are influenced by the decisions of consumers, producers, economic institutions, and government. Content Standard Understand the concept of supply and demand.

104-107, 188, 210-211, 240-241, 315, 355-356, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 447, 455-457, 622-623, 713, 738 104-107, 188, 210-211, 240-241, 315, 355-356, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 447, 455-457, 622-623, 713, 738

104-107, 129, 188, 209, 210-211, 240-241, 276, 315, 355-356, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 447, 455-457, 495, 622-623, 713, 738 104-107, 129, 188, 209, 210-211, 240-241, 276, 315, 355-356, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 447, 455-457, 495, 622-623, 713, 738

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand how price is an incentive for both buyers and producers/sellers in the marketplace.

104-107, 128-130, 315, 355-356, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 447, 455-457, 622-623, 713, 738

104-107, 128-130, 276, 315, 355-356, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 447, 455-457, 495, 622-623, 713, 738

Understand how supply and demand respond predictably to changes in economic circumstances.

104-107, 315, 355-356, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 447, 455-457, 622-623, 713, 738

104-107, 129, 209, 241, 276, 315, 355-356, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 447, 455-457, 495, 622-623, 713, 738

Common Curriculum Goal Understand economic concepts, principles, and factors affecting the allocation of available resources in an economy. Content Standard Understand and evaluate the underlying philosophies and characteristics of various economic systems, including that of the U.S. economy.

104-107, 240-241, 344-345, 355-356, 369, 383, 401-402, 658, 684-685, 714-715, 724 104-107, 240-241, 344-345, 355-356, 369, 383, 401-402, 658, 684-685, 714-715, 724

104-107, 129, 240-241, 276, 344-345, 355-356, 369, 383, 401-402, 456, 495, 658, 684-685, 714-715, 724 104-107, 129, 240-241, 276, 344-345, 355-356, 369, 383, 401-402, 456, 495, 658, 684-685, 714-715, 724

9






Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand how decisions regarding what to produce, how to produce, and for whom to produce are answered in various economic systems.

104-107, 151, 188, 210-211, 240-241, 344-345, 355-356, 369, 401-402, 455-457

104-107, 129, 151, 188, 209, 210-211, 240-241, 344-345, 355-356, 369, 401-402, 455-457

Understand how decisions about production are made in traditional, capitalist, and command economies.

104-107, 151, 188, 210-211, 240-241, 344-345, 355-356, 369, 401-402, 455-457

104-107, 129, 151, 188, 209, 210-211, 240-241, 344-345, 355-356, 369, 401-402, 455-457

Common Curriculum Goal Understand the role of government and institutions (i.e., banks, labor unions) in various economic systems in an economy. Content Standard Understand the role of government and institutions in an economy.

104-105, 128-130, 186-188, 238-241, 344-345, 355-356, 369, 401-402 104-105, 128-130, 186-188, 238-241, 344-345, 355-356, 369, 401-402

104-105, 128-130, 186-188, 238-241, 276, 344-345, 355-356, 369, 400, 401-402 104-105, 128-130, 186-188, 238-241, 276, 344-345, 355-356, 369, 400, 401-402

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand how banks function within the economy.

20, 475 20, 475

Identify and give examples of the services of a bank, and know the role of banks in the economy.

20, 475 20, 475

Common Curriculum Goal Understand the interdependence of the global economy and the role played by the United States. Content Standard Understand how the United States economy relates and interacts with other nations.

26, 106-105, 129-130, 188, 240-241, 369, 455-457, 684-685, 714-715 26, 106-105, 129-130, 188, 240-241, 369, 455-457, 684-685, 714-715

26, 106-105, 129-130, 188, 240-241, 369, 455-457, 684-685, 714-715 26, 106-105, 129-130, 188, 240-241, 369, 455-457, 684-685, 714-715

10






Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Identify and give examples of how the United States economy affects citizens of both the United States and other countries.

26, 105-106, 129-130, 188, 210-211, 369, 455-457, 684-685, 714-715

26, 105-106, 129-130, 188, 209, 210-211, 369, 455-457, 684-685, 714-715

Give examples of how the United States economy affects citizens of the United States.

105-107, 129-130, 188, 210-211, 714-715 105-107, 129-130, 188, 209, 210-211, 714-715

Give examples of how the United States economy affects citizens of other countries.

105-107, 129-130, 188, 210-211 105-107, 129-130, 188, 209, 210-211

Common Curriculum Goal Understand how money makes it easier to trade, borrow, save, invest, and compare the value of goods and services. Content Standard Understand the purpose and functions of money in the economy.

20, 369, 622, 623 20, 369, 622, 623

20, 369, 622, 623 20, 369, 622, 623

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand the function of money.

20, 104, 622, 623 20, 104, 622, 623

Understand how money functions as a means of exchange, a store of value, and a measure of value.

20, 104, 245, 622, 623 20, 104, 245, 622, 623

11






Common Curriculum Goal Apply economic concepts and principles to issues of personal finance. Content Standard Demonstrate the knowledge and skills necessary to make reasoned and responsible financial decisions as a consumer, producer, saver, and investor in a market economy.

20-21, 622 20-21, 622

20-21, 622 20-21, 622

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand factors that determine personal income and predict future earnings, based on plans for education and training.

315, 323, 325, 355-356, 369, 392-393, 401-402

315, 323, 325, 355-356, 369, 392-393, 401-402

Understand how a wage or salary is the price of labor, and is usually determined by the supply and demand for labor.

20-21, 315, 355-356, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 447, 455-457, 622-623, 713, 738

20-21, 276, 315, 355-356, 369, 392-393, 401-402, 447, 455-457, 495, 622-623, 713, 738

Understand that people’s incomes, in part, reflect choices they have made about education, training, skill development, and careers.

323, 325 323, 325

Understand how workers can increase their productivity by improving their skills or by using tools and machinery.

323, 325 323, 325

Understand different ways that people invest and save.

20, 622 20, 622

Understand that banks and credit unions are institutions where people save money and earn interest, and where other people borrow money and pay interest.

20, 622 20, 622

12






Understand that stocks, bonds, and other investments are ways people earn money.

20, 622 20, 622

13






GEOGRAPHY: Understand and use geographic skills and concepts to interpret contemporary and historical issues. Common Curriculum Goal Understand the spatial concepts of location, distance, direction, scale, movement, and region. Content Standard Understand and use spatial concepts of geography.

4-13, 35-39, 77, 80, 83, 89, 97, 107, 115, 122, 125, 129, 133, 155, 178, 183, 204, 214, 246, 277, 287, 308, 311, 320, 325, 335, 349, 363, 380, 391, 400, 405, 422, 428, 439, 445, 454, 462, 479, 481, 503, 510, 519, 532, 562, 599, 602, 627, 633, 646, 661, 676, 679, 704, 715, 718, 725, 729, 749 4-13, 35-39, 77, 80, 83, 89, 97, 107, 115, 122, 125, 129, 133, 155, 178, 183, 204, 214, 246, 277, 287, 308, 311, 320, 325, 335, 349, 363, 380, 391, 400, 405, 422, 428, 439, 445, 454, 462, 479, 481, 503, 510, 519, 532, 562, 599, 602, 627, 633, 646, 661, 676, 679, 704, 715, 718, 725, 729, 749

4-13, 35-39, 77, 80, 83, 89, 97, 106, 107, 115, 122, 125, 129, 133, 155, 178, 183, 204, 214, 233, 246, 262, 277, 287, 308, 311, 320, 325, 335, 349, 363, 370, 380, 391, 400, 405, 421, 422, 428, 439, 445, 450, 454, 462, 479, 481, 503, 510, 519, 532, 541d, 562, 588, 599, 602, 627, 633, 646, 661, 676, 679, 704, 715, 718, 725, 729, 749 4-13, 35-39, 77, 80, 83, 89, 97, 106, 107, 115, 122, 125, 129, 133, 155, 178, 183, 204, 214, 233, 246, 262, 277, 287, 308, 311, 320, 325, 335, 349, 363, 370, 380, 391, 400, 405, 421, 422, 428, 439, 445, 450, 454, 462, 479, 481, 503, 510, 519, 532, 541d, 562, 588, 599, 602, 627, 633, 646, 661, 676, 679, 704, 715, 718, 725, 729, 749

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand fundamental geography vocabulary such as concepts of distance, latitude, longitude, interdependence, accessibility, and connections.

A2-A37, 4-13, 25, 279, 286, 297, 308, 320, 332, 338, 344-345, 355, 361, 439, 461, 456, 465, 479, 481, 510, 561, 553, 593, 605, 657, 661, 678, 685, 729

A2-A37, 4-13, 25, 36, 70, 262, 275, 279, 286, 297, 308, 320, 332, 338, 344-345, 355, 361, 370, 421, 439, 450, 461, 456, 465, 479, 481, 493d, 510, 561, 561d, 553, 588, 593, 605, 657, 661, 678, 685, 729

Use maps, charts, and graphs to understand patterns of movement over time and space.

39, 89, 107, 263, 325, 461, 503, 532, 546, 599, 602, 685, 729

5, 6, 39, 89, 107, 262, 263, 325, 370, 421, 450, 461, 503, 532, 541d, 546, 588, 599, 602, 685, 729

14






Common Curriculum Goal Use maps and other geographic tools and technologies to acquire, process, and report information from a spatial perspective. Content Standard Locate places and understand and use geographic information or relationships by reading, interpreting, and preparing maps and other geographic representations.

A2-A37, 25, 77, 80, 83, 89, 97, 107, 155, 122, 125, 129, 133, 155, 178, 183, 199, 214, 227, 246, 279, 286, 297, 308, 320, 332, 338, 344-345, 355, 361, 439, 451, 456, 465, 479, 481, 510, 541, 553, 593, 605, 657, 661, 678, 685, 729 A2-A37, 25, 77, 80, 83, 89, 97, 107, 155, 122, 125, 129, 133, 155, 178, 183, 199, 214, 227, 246, 279, 286, 297, 308, 320, 332, 338, 344-345, 355, 361, 439, 451, 456, 465, 479, 481, 510, 541, 553, 593, 605, 657, 661, 678, 685, 729

A2-A37, 5, 6, 25, 77, 80, 83, 89, 97, 107, 155, 122, 125, 129, 133, 155, 178, 183, 199, 214, 227, 246, 262, 279, 286, 297, 308, 320, 332, 338, 344-345, 355, 361, 370, 421, 439, 450, 451, 456, 465, 479, 481, 510, 541, 541d, 553, 588, 593, 605, 657, 661, 678, 685, 729 A2-A37, 5, 6, 25, 77, 80, 83, 89, 97, 107, 155, 122, 125, 129, 133, 155, 178, 183, 199, 214, 227, 246, 262, 279, 286, 297, 308, 320, 332, 338, 344-345, 355, 361, 370, 421, 439, 450, 451, 456, 465, 479, 481, 510, 541, 541d, 553, 588, 593, 605, 657, 661, 678, 685, 729

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Read, interpret, and understand how to construct geographic representations to analyze information, understand spatial relationships, and compare places.

A2-A37, 25, 77, 80, 83, 89, 97, 107, 155, 122, 125, 129, 133, 155, 178, 183, 199, 214, 227, 246, 279, 286, 297, 308, 320, 332, 338, 344-345, 355, 361, 439, 451, 456, 465, 479, 481, 510, 541, 553, 593, 605, 657, 661, 678, 685, 729

A2-A37, 5, 6, 25, 77, 80, 83, 89, 97, 107, 155, 122, 125, 129, 133, 155, 178, 183, 199, 214, 227, 246, 262, 279, 286, 297, 308, 320, 332, 338, 344-345, 355, 361, 370, 421, 439, 450, 451, 456, 465, 479, 481, 510, 541, 541d, 553, 588, 593, 605, 657, 661, 678, 685, 729

Use maps, charts, graphs, and photographs to analyze spatial distributions and patterns.

A2-A37, 25, 77, 80, 83, 89, 97, 107, 155, 122, 125, 129, 133, 155, 178, 183, 199, 214, 227, 246, 279, 286, 297, 308, 320, 332, 338, 344-345, 355, 361, 439, 451, 456, 465, 479, 481, 510, 541, 553, 593, 605, 657, 661, 678, 685, 729

A2-A37, 25, 77, 80, 83, 89, 97, 107, 155, 122, 125, 129, 133, 155, 178, 183, 199, 214, 227, 246, 279, 286, 297, 308, 320, 332, 338, 344-345, 355, 361, 365, 370, 439, 451, 455d, 456, 465, 479, 481, 510, 541, 553, 593, 605, 657, 661, 678, 685, 729

15






Common Curriculum Goal Locate major physical and human (cultural) features of the Earth. Content Standard Locate major physical and human features of the Earth.

80, 83, 89, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 409, 411, 439, 451, 485, 510, 602, 637, 679, 743, 749 80, 83, 89, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 409, 411, 439, 451, 485, 510, 602, 637, 679, 743, 749

80, 83, 89, 106, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 365, 409, 411, 439, 451, 485, 493d, 510, 562, 602, 611, 637, 639d, 679, 743, 749 80, 83, 89, 106, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 365, 409, 411, 439, 451, 485, 493d, 510, 562, 602, 611, 637, 639d, 679, 743, 749

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Locate and identify on maps and globes the regions of the world and their prominent physical features.

80, 83, 89, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 409, 411, 439, 451, 485, 510, 602, 637, 679, 743, 749

80, 83, 89, 106, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 365, 409, 411, 439, 451, 485, 493d, 510, 562, 602, 611, 637, 639d, 679, 743, 749

Identify the location of major mountain ranges, deserts, rivers, cultural regions and countries in the world.

80, 83, 89, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 409, 411, 439, 451, 485, 510, 602, 637, 679, 743, 749

80, 83, 89, 106, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 365, 409, 411, 439, 451, 485, 493d, 510, 562, 602, 611, 637, 639d, 679, 743, 749

16






Common Curriculum Goal Compare and analyze physical (e.g., landforms, vegetation, wildlife, climate, and natural hazards) and human (e.g., population, land use, language, and religion) characteristics of places and regions. Content Standard Identify and analyze physical and human characteristics of places and regions, the processes that have shaped them, and their geographic significance.

80, 83, 89, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 409, 411, 422, 428, 439, 445, 461, 463, 483, 503, 510, 514, 519, 524, 627, 637, 679, 697, 727, 743, 749 80, 83, 89, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 409, 411, 422, 428, 439, 445, 461, 463, 483, 503, 510, 514, 519, 524, 627, 637, 679, 697, 727, 743, 749

80, 83, 89, 106, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 365, 409, 411, 422, 428, 439, 445, 461, 463, 483, 490, 493d, 500, 503, 510, 514, 519, 524, 562, 578, 611, 627, 637, 639d, 679, 697, 727, 743, 749 80, 83, 89, 106, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 365, 409, 411, 422, 428, 439, 445, 461, 463, 483, 490, 493d, 500, 503, 510, 514, 519, 524, 562, 578, 611, 627, 637, 639d, 679, 697, 727, 743, 749

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Identify and compare physical and human characteristics of major regions and significant places in the world.

80, 83, 89, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 409, 411, 422, 428, 439, 445, 461, 463, 483, 503, 510, 514, 519, 524, 627, 637, 679, 697, 727, 743, 749

80, 83, 89, 106, 107, 155, 158, 178, 204, 227, 232, 251, 279, 286, 287, 320, 344-345, 363, 365, 409, 411, 422, 428, 439, 445, 461, 463, 483, 490, 493d, 500, 503, 510, 514, 519, 524, 562, 578, 611, 627, 637, 639d, 679, 697, 727, 743, 749

Locate and identify population centers and geographic reasons for their locations.

48, 89, 115, 122, 246, 257, 349, 465, 637, 697, 725, 727, 529

48, 89, 115, 117, 122, 246, 257, 267, 349, 465, 637, 697, 725, 727, 529

Identify, locate, and compare the cultural characteristics of places and regions.

25, 83, 89, 97, 210, 232, 279, 286, 287, 325, 355, 454, 627, 727

25, 83, 89, 97, 210, 232, 279, 286, 287, 325, 355, 454, 472, 627, 645, 727

17






Recognize relationships between the physical and cultural characteristics of a place or region.

25, 48, 83, 89, 97, 115, 122, 210, 232, 246, 257, 279, 286, 287, 325, 355, 365, 375, 422, 428, 445, 454, 479, 497, 584, 605, 627, 676, 678, 679, 718, 727, 729, 743

25, 48, 83, 89, 97, 115, 122, 210, 232, 246, 257, 279, 286, 287, 325, 355, 365, 375, 421, 422, 428, 445, 454, 472, 479, 490, 493d, 497, 500, 562, 578, 584, 605, 611, 627, 639d, 645, 676, 678, 679, 718, 727, 729, 743

Common Curriculum Goal Understand why places and regions are important to human identity and serve as symbols to unify or fragment society.

127, 301-302, 333-337, 363-364, 435-439, 450-453, 470-473, 633-635

127, 301-302, 333-337, 363-364, 381, 435-439, 450-453, 470-473, 633-635

Common Curriculum Goal Analyze the causes of human migration (e.g., density, food and water supply, transportation and communication systems) and its effects (e.g., impact on physical and human systems). Content Standard Understand the distribution and movement of people, ideas, and products.

38-39, 119-120, 133, 139, 199, 456, 503, 508, 532, 546, 599, 602, 685, 718, 729 38-39, 119-120, 133, 139, 199, 456, 503, 508, 532, 546, 599, 602, 685, 718, 729

38-39, 119-120, 133, 139, 199, 450, 456, 503, 508, 532, 546, 599, 602, 645, 685, 718, 729 38-39, 119-120, 133, 139, 199, 450, 456, 503, 508, 532, 546, 599, 602, 645, 685, 718, 729

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Identify and understand worldwide patterns of population distribution, migration, and cultural diffusion and interactions.

25, 38-39, 48, 89, 115, 119-120, 122, 246, 257, 279, 287, 315, 330, 349, 355, 454, 465, 503, 546, 599, 602, 637, 697, 725, 727, 729

25, 38-39, 48, 89, 115, 117, 119-120, 122, 246, 257, 267, 279, 287, 315, 330, 349, 355, 454, 465, 503, 546, 599, 602, 637, 697, 725, 727, 729

Identify patterns of population distribution and infer causes.

48, 89, 115, 122, 246, 249, 257, 315, 465, 637, 697, 725, 727, 529

48, 89, 115, 117, 122, 246, 249, 257, 267, 315, 465, 637, 697, 725, 727, 529

Recognize and identify patterns of migration streams in U.S. history.

87-89, 119-120 87-89, 117, 119-120

18






Understand how migration streams affect the spread of cultural traits.

85-89, 122-123, 503-504, 592-593, 598-600, 609-610, 641, 643-647

85-89, 122-123, 503-504, 592-593, 598-600, 609-610, 641, 643-647

Common Curriculum Goal Understand economic, cultural, and environmental factors that influence changes in population, and evaluate the consequences of the resulting increases or decreases in population. Content Standard Understand, analyze and evaluate the consequences of population changes resulting from economic, cultural, or environmental factors.

87, 88, 117, 122-123, 294, 299, 310-311, 313-316, 470-473, 508, 591-593, 609-610, 641 87, 88, 117, 122-123, 294, 299, 310-311, 313-316, 470-473, 508, 591-593, 609-610, 641

87, 88, 117, 122-123, 294, 299, 310-311, 313-316, 415, 450, 470-473, 483, 508, 591-593, 609-610, 611, 641 87, 88, 117, 122-123, 294, 299, 310-311, 313-316, 415, 450, 470-473, 483, 508, 591-593, 609-610, 611, 641

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Identify economic, cultural, and environmental factors that affect population, and predict how the population would change as a result.

87, 88, 117, 122-123, 294, 299, 310-311, 313-316, 470-473, 508, 591-593, 609-610, 641

87, 88, 117, 122-123, 294, 299, 310-311, 313-316, 415, 450, 470-473, 483, 508, 591-593, 609-610, 611, 641

Identify and give examples of economic, cultural, and environmental factors that influence population.

87, 88, 117, 122-123, 294, 299, 310-311, 313-316, 470-473, 508, 591-593, 609-610, 641

87, 88, 117, 122-123, 294, 299, 310-311, 313-316, 415, 450, 470-473, 483, 508, 591-593, 609-610, 611, 641

Predict the affect of a given economic, cultural, or environmental change on a population.

87, 88, 117, 122-123, 294, 299, 310-311, 313-316, 470-473, 508, 591-593, 609-610, 641

87, 88, 117, 122-123, 294, 299, 310-311, 313-316, 415, 450, 470-473, 483, 508, 591-593, 609-610, 611, 641

19






Common Curriculum Goal Understand how people and the environment are interrelated. Content Standard Understand how humans affect the physical environment.

39-40, 75-76, 117, 151, 171, 313-315, 351, 386, 421, 447, 531, 553, 673, 731 39-40, 75-76, 117, 151, 171, 313-315, 351, 386, 421, 447, 531, 553, 673, 731

39-40, 75-76, 117, 151, 171, 313-315, 351, 386, 421, 447, 531, 553, 634, 671d, 673, 731 39-40, 75-76, 117, 151, 171, 313-315, 351, 386, 421, 447, 531, 553, 634, 671d, 673, 731

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand how human modification of the physical environment in a place affects both that place and other places.

39-40, 76, 313-315, 351, 386, 421, 447, 531, 553, 673, 731

39-40, 76, 313-315, 351, 386, 421, 447, 531, 553, 634, 671d, 673, 731

Understand how the process of urbanization affects the physical environment of a place, the cultural characteristics of a place, and the physical and human characteristics of the surrounding region.

191-193, 299, 313-315 171, 191-193, 299, 313-315, 410

Understand how clearing vegetation affects the physical environment of a place and other places.

76, 420-421, 553, 731 76, 420-421, 553, 731

Content Standard Understand how physical characteristics in the environment and changes in the environment affect human activities.

39-40, 117, 130-131, 171, 351, 447, 553, 673

39-40, 117, 130-131, 171, 351, 420, 447, 553, 623, 673

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand how changes in a physical environment affect human activity.

39-40, 76, 117, 130-131, 171, 351, 447, 553, 673

39-40, 76, 117, 122, 130-131, 171, 351, 420, 447, 553, 623, 673

Understand how changes in the physical environment can increase or diminish capacity to support human activity.

39-40, 117, 130-131, 171, 351, 447, 553, 673, 731

39-40, 117, 130-131, 171, 351, 447, 553, 673, 731

20






Understand how climatic events or climate change affect human activity.

39-40, 76, 500-501 39-40, 76, 500-501, 623

Predict how changes in an ecosystem (not caused by human activity) might influence human activity.

39-40, 500-501 39-40, 500-501, 623

Common Curriculum Goal Understand how differing points of view, self-interest, and global distribution of natural resources play a role in conflict over territory.

151, 157-158, 307-311, 330-331, 351, 455-457, 495, 509-511, 531-532, 561, 645-646

151, 157-158, 307-311, 330-331, 351, 365, 455-457, 495, 509-511, 531-532, 561, 645-646

Common Curriculum Goal Understand the geographic results of resource use and management programs and policies.

351, 731 192, 351, 495, 671d, 731

21






HISTORY: Relate significant events and eras in United States and world history to past and present issues and developments. HISTORICAL SKILLS Common Curriculum Goal Interpret and reconstruct chronological relationships. Content Standard Understand, represent, and interpret chronological relationships in history.

S24, 99, 220, 225, 233, 255, 295, 322, 366, 438, 445, 467, 506, 567, 605, 620, 635, 636, 659, 705, 707, R19 S24, 99, 220, 225, 233, 255, 295, 322, 366, 438, 445, 467, 506, 567, 605, 620, 635, 636, 659, 705, 707, R19

S24, 90, 97, 99, 206, 220, 225, 233, 252, 255, 258, 265, 294, 295, 322, 363, 366, 401, 438, 445, 451, 467, 506, 538, 567, 587, 605, 610, 620, 632, 635, 636, 657, 659, 699, 705, 707, 710, 723, R19 S24, 90, 97, 99, 206, 220, 225, 233, 252, 255, 258, 265, 294, 295, 322, 363, 366, 401, 438, 445, 451, 467, 506, 538, 567, 587, 605, 610, 620, 632, 635, 636, 657, 659, 699, 705, 707, 710, 723, R19

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Represent and interpret data and chronological relationships from history, using timelines and narratives.

S24, 99, 220, 225, 233, 255, 295, 322, 366, 438, 445, 467, 506, 567, 605, 620, 635, 636, 659, 705, 707, R19

S24, 90, 97, 99, 206, 220, 225, 233, 252, 255, 258, 265, 294, 295, 322, 363, 366, 401, 438, 445, 451, 467, 506, 538, 567, 587, 605, 610, 620, 632, 635, 636, 657, 659, 699, 705, 707, 710, 723, R19

Identify and create chronologies of events. S24, 99, 220, 225, 233, 255, 295, 322, 366, 438, 445, 467, 506, 567, 605, 620, 635, 636, 659, 705, 707, R19

S24, 90, 97, 99, 206, 220, 225, 233, 252, 255, 258, 265, 294, 295, 322, 363, 366, 401, 438, 445, 451, 467, 506, 538, 567, 587, 605, 610, 620, 632, 635, 636, 657, 659, 699, 705, 707, 710, 723, R19

Compare and contrast historical interpretations.

31, 43, 51, 295, 297, 375, 458, 473, 481, 541, 569, 605, 630, 635, 637, 671, 694, 697, 729, 739, R8

31, 37, 42, 43, 51, 281, 295, 297, 315, 349d, 375, 410, 436, 458, 464, 473, 481, 519d, 528, 541, 548, 569, 593, 605, 630, 635, 637, 671, 671d, 694, 697, 704, 710, 717, 729, 739, 743, R8

22






Common Curriculum Goal Analyze cause and effect relationships, including multiple causalities. Content Standard Identify and analyze cause and effect relationships in history.

25, 87, 113, 117, 118, 137, 138, 166, 178, 277, 296, 299, 305, 317, 324, 327, 351, 422, 496, 506, 518, 560, 563, 629, 641, 705, R10 25, 87, 113, 117, 118, 137, 138, 166, 178, 277, 296, 299, 305, 317, 324, 327, 351, 422, 496, 506, 518, 560, 563, 629, 641, 705, R10

25, 87, 113, 117, 118, 137, 138, 158, 166, 171, 178, 277, 296, 299, 305, 317, 324, 327, 331, 337, 351, 377, 396, 422, 496, 506, 518, 538, 560, 563, 606, 629, 641, 673, 705, R10 25, 87, 113, 117, 118, 137, 138, 158, 166, 171, 178, 277, 296, 299, 305, 317, 324, 327, 331, 337, 351, 377, 396, 422, 496, 506, 518, 538, 560, 563, 606, 629, 641, 673, 705, R10

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Distinguish between cause and effect relationships and events that happen or occur concurrently or sequentially.

25, 87, 113, 117, 118, 137, 138, 166, 178, 277, 296, 299, 305, 317, 324, 327, 351, 422, 496, 506, 518, 560, 563, 629, 641, 705, R10

25, 87, 113, 117, 118, 137, 138, 158, 166, 171, 178, 277, 296, 299, 305, 317, 324, 327, 331, 337, 351, 377, 396, 422, 496, 506, 518, 538, 560, 563, 606, 629, 641, 673, 705, R10

Common Curriculum Goal Understand, recognize, and interpret change and continuity over time. Content Standard Interpret and represent chronological relationships and patterns of change and continuity over time.

S24, 99, 220, 225, 233, 255, 295, 322, 366, 438, 445, 467, 506, 567, 605, 620, 635, 636, 659, 705, 707, R19 S24, 99, 220, 225, 233, 255, 295, 322, 366, 438, 445, 467, 506, 567, 605, 620, 635, 636, 659, 705, 707, R19

S24, 90, 97, 99, 206, 220, 225, 233, 252, 255, 258, 265, 294, 295, 322, 363, 366, 401, 438, 445, 451, 467, 506, 538, 567, 597, 605, 610, 620, 632, 635, 636, 657, 659, 699, 705, 707, 710, 723, R19 S24, 90, 97, 99, 206, 220, 225, 233, 252, 255, 258, 265, 294, 295, 322, 363, 366, 401, 438, 445, 451, 467, 506, 538, 567, 597, 605, 610, 620, 632, 635, 636, 657, 659, 699, 705, 707, 710, 723, R19

23






Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Identify and give examples of chronological patterns and recognize them in related events over time.

S24, 99, 220, 225, 233, 255, 295, 322, 366, 438, 445, 467, 506, 567, 605, 620, 635, 636, 659, 705, 707, R19

S24, 90, 97, 99, 206, 220, 225, 233, 252, 255, 258, 265, 294, 295, 322, 363, 366, 401, 438, 445, 451, 467, 506, 538, 567, 597, 605, 610, 620, 632, 635, 636, 657, 659, 699, 705, 707, 710, 723, R19

Common Curriculum Goal Identify and analyze diverse perspectives on and historical interpretation of historical issues and events. Content Standard Identify and analyze various perspectives and interpretations of historical issues and events.

151, 184, 295, 305-306, 375, 458, 473, 507-511, 630, 635, 696, R8 151, 184, 295, 305-306, 375, 458, 473, 507-511, 630, 635, 696, R8

141, 151, 180, 184, 204, 219, 291, 293, 295, 305-306, 357, 372, 375, 415d, 458, 473, 507-511, 605d, 630, 635, 656, 696, R8 141, 151, 180, 184, 204, 219, 291, 293, 295, 305-306, 357, 372, 375, 415d, 458, 473, 507-511, 605d, 630, 635, 656, 696, R8

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Evaluate data within the context it was created, testing its reliability, credibility, and bias.

31, 43, 51, 83, 115, 139, 169, 199, 227, 257, 297, 325, 375, 445, 481, 519, 541, 569, 605, 637, 661, 697, 729, 749, R19

31, 37, 42, 43, 51, 78, 83, 115, 139, 149d, 169, 199, 199d, 227, 257, 281, 297, 315, 325, 349d, 410, 436, 445, 458, 464, 481, 519, 519d, 528, 541, 569, 584, 593, 605, 637, 661, 671d, 697, 704, 710, 717, 729, 743, 749, R19

Common Curriculum Goal Understand relationships among events, issues, and developments in different spheres of human activity (i.e. economic, social, political, cultural).

39-40, 87, 113, 117, 118, 137, 138, 166, 178, 206, 209-210, 327, 351, 449-453, 455-458

39-40, 87, 113, 117, 118, 137, 138, 166, 171, 178, 206, 209-210, 299, 327, 351, 436, 447, 449-453, 455-458, 495

24






WORLD HISTORY Common Curriculum Goal Understand and interpret events, issues, and developments within and across eras of world history. Content Standard Understand the importance and lasting influence of issues, events, people, and developments in world history.

119-121, 160-166, 169, 173-178, 179-183, 215-218, 231-233, 278-282, 284-289, 290-295, 301-306, 307-311, 313-317, 318-322, 329-332, 333-338, 342-347, 353-358, 360-366, 379-382, 394-396, 423-427, 429-433, 435-438, 440-443, 449-453, 462-464, 507-511, 513-516, 523-527,591-59, 598-603, 609-613, 631-633, 645-647, 655-659, 690-694, 701-705 119-121, 160-166, 169, 173-178, 179-183, 215-218, 231-233, 278-282, 284-289, 290-295, 301-306, 307-311, 313-317, 318-322, 329-332, 333-338, 342-347, 353-358, 360-366, 379-382, 394-396, 423-427, 429-433, 435-438, 440-443, 449-453, 462-464, 507-511, 513-516, 523-527,591-59, 598-603, 609-613, 631-633, 645-647, 655-659, 690-694, 701-705

119-121, 149d, 160-166, 169, 173-178, 179-183, 215-218, 231-233, 269d, 278-282, 284-289, 290-295, 301-306, 307-311, 313-317, 318-322, 329-332, 333-338, 342-347, 353-358, 360-366, 379-382, 394-396, 423-427, 429-433, 435-438, 440-443, 449-453, 462-464, 507-511, 513-516, 523-527,591-59, 598-603, 605d, 609-613, 631-633, 645-647, 655-659, 690-694, 701-705 119-121, 149d, 160-166, 169, 173-178, 179-183, 215-218, 231-233, 269d, 278-282, 284-289, 290-295, 301-306, 307-311, 313-317, 318-322, 329-332, 333-338, 342-347, 353-358, 360-366, 379-382, 394-396, 423-427, 429-433, 435-438, 440-443, 449-453, 462-464, 507-511, 513-516, 523-527,591-59, 598-603, 605d, 609-613, 631-633, 645-647, 655-659, 690-694, 701-705

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand the political, economic, and cultural impact, and lasting influence of early civilizations on world development.

160-166, 169, 278-282, 284-289, 301-306, 372-373, 423-427, 429-433, 434, 474-475, 591-596, 598-603, 628-629, 681-686, 690-694

149d, 160-166, 169, 278-282, 284-289, 301-306, 372-373, 423-427, 429-433, 434, 474-475, 591-596, 598-603, 628-629, 681-686, 690-694

Understand the major characteristics and historical influence of the early civilizations of Mesopotamia, Indus River Valley, Egypt, the Americas, Greece.

160-166, 169, 278, 282, 423-427, 429-433, 434, 591-596, 598-603

149d, 160-166, 169, 278, 282, 285, 288, 423-427, 429-433, 434, 591-596, 598-603

25






Identify and give examples of the political, economic, and social characteristics of the Roman Republic and Empire, and how they are reflected in the law, government, economy and society of the United States.

284-286, 296 284-285, 296

Understand the importance of the rise of Islam and its interaction with Europe.

301-302, 437-438, 440-443 301-302, 437-438, 440-443

Understand the development of the empires and kingdoms of sub-Saharan Africa, Imperial China, and feudal Japan.

502-506, 681-686, 690-694, 696 502-506, 681-686, 690-694, 696

Understand the major developments and societal impact of feudalism, the church, and the rise of cities in the European Middle Ages.

290-295, 296 290-295, 296

Understand the characteristics and impact of Renaissance thinking, art, and learning.

301-306, 324 297d, 301-306, 324

U.S. HISTORY Common Curriculum Goal Understand and interpret events, issues, and developments within and across eras of U.S. history. Content Standard Understand the importance and lasting influence of individuals, issues, events, people, and developments in U.S. history.

88-90, 177-178, 206, 216-218, 452-453, 508, 750-755 88-90, 177-178, 206, 216-218, 452-453, 508, 750-755

88-90, 177-178, 206, 216-218, 452-453, 508, 750-755 88-90, 177-178, 206, 216-218, 452-453, 508, 750-755

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand how individuals, issues, and events changed or significantly influenced the course of U.S. history post American Revolution through 1900.

177-178 177-178, 508

26






Identify and understand the issues and events that were addressed at the Constitutional Convention.

95, 115 95, 115

Trace the route and understand the significance of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

Opportunities to address this standard can be found on 310-311


Understand the effects of 19th century westward migration, the idea of Manifest Destiny, European immigration, and rural to urban migration on indigenous populations and newcomers in the United States.

38-39, 85, 87-90, 313-315, 734-735 38-39, 85, 87-90, 313-315, 734-735

Understand the effects of Jacksonian Democracy on political practices.


Opportunities to address this standard can be found on 316, 734-735

Recognize and understand conditions of the African slave trade and experiences of enslaved African-Americans and “free Blacks” in the United States.

89, 508 89, 508

Understand how the abolitionists advocated for the end of slavery and the impact of their activities.

Opportunities to address this standard can be found on 89, 311


Understand how African-Americans dealt with the conditions of their enslavement and used religion and family to create a viable culture to cope with the effects of slavery.

89, 311 89, 311

Identify and understand the events that led to the Civil War.


Opportunities to address this standard can be found on 89, 311, 508

Understand the political, economic, and social causes, course, and impact of the Civil War.


Opportunities to address this standard can be found on 89, 311, 508

27






Understand how Reconstruction affected the country.

Opportunities to address this standard can be found on 336-337, 362

Opportunities to address this standard can be found on 336-337, 362

Identify and understand Constitutional changes that resulted from the Civil War and Reconstruction.

96 96

Understand the effects of Indian Wars and the opening of the West on Native American tribes.



Understand the effects of the Irish potato famine in the mid-1800s on the U.S. society.

15, 38, 85, 87 15, 38, 85, 87

Understand the motivations for territorial expansion to the Pacific Ocean/Hawaii (“Manifest Destiny”).

Opportunities to address this standard can be found on 330-331, 734-735

Opportunities to address this standard can be found on 330-331, 734-735

Understand the effect of territorial expansion on other nations and their people.

177-178, 734-735 178-188, 734-735

STATE & LOCAL HISTORY Common Curriculum Goal Understand and interpret the history of the state of Oregon. Content Standard Understand and interpret events, issues, and developments in Oregon history.

22 22

22 22

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand how various groups of people were affected by events and developments in Oregon state history.

22, 88 22, 88

28






Identify and understand significant events, developments, groups, and people in the history of Oregon from post-American Revolution until 1900.

22 22

Understand the interactions and contributions of the various people and cultures that have lived in or migrated to the area that is now Oregon from post-American Revolution until 1900.

22 22

Common Curriculum Goal Understand and interpret events, issues, and developments in the history of one’s family, local community, and culture. Content Standard Understand and interpret events, issues, and developments in local history.

22 22

3, 22, 65 3, 22, 65

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Understand the lasting influence of events and developments in local history.

22 22

29






SOCIAL SCIENCE ANALYSIS: Design and implement strategies to analyze issues, explain perspectives, and resolve issues using the social sciences. Common Curriculum Goal Define and clarify an issue so that its dimensions are well understood. Content Standard Identify, research, and clarify an event, issue, problem, or phenomenon of significance to society.

15, 31, 33, 43, 51, 83, 115, 139, 169, 199, 227, 257, 271, 297, 299, 325, 327, 351, 375, 377, 417, 445, 447, 491, 495, 519, 521, 541, 543, 569, 581, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749 15, 31, 33, 43, 51, 83, 115, 139, 169, 199, 227, 257, 271, 297, 299, 325, 327, 351, 375, 377, 417, 445, 447, 491, 495, 519, 521, 541, 543, 569, 581, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749

15, 31, 33, 37, 42, 43, 51, 78, 83, 115, 139, 149d, 169, 199, 199d, 227, 257, 271, 281, 297, 299, 315, 325, 327, 349d, 351, 375, 377, 410, 417, 436, 445, 447, 458, 464, 491, 495, 519, 519d, 521, 528, 541, 543, 548, 569, 581, 584, 593, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 671d, 673, 697, 699, 704, 710, 717, 729, 731, 743, 749 15, 31, 33, 37, 42, 43, 51, 78, 83, 115, 139, 149d, 169, 199, 199d, 227, 257, 271, 281, 297, 299, 315, 325, 327, 349d, 351, 375, 377, 410, 417, 436, 445, 447, 458, 464, 491, 495, 519, 519d, 521, 528, 541, 543, 548, 569, 581, 584, 593, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 671d, 673, 697, 699, 704, 710, 717, 729, 731, 743, 749

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Clarify key aspects of an event, issue, or problem through inquiry and research.

15, 31, 33, 43, 51, 83, 115, 139, 169, 199, 227, 257, 271, 297, 299, 325, 327, 351, 375, 377, 417, 445, 447, 491, 495, 519, 521, 541, 543, 569, 581, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749

15, 31, 33, 37, 42, 43, 51, 78, 83, 115, 139, 149d, 169, 199, 199d, 227, 257, 271, 281, 297, 299, 315, 325, 327, 349d, 351, 375, 377, 410, 417, 436, 445, 447, 458, 464, 491, 495, 519, 519d, 521, 528, 541, 543, 548, 569, 581, 584, 593, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 671d, 673, 697, 699, 704, 710, 717, 729, 731, 743, 749

30






Common Curriculum Goal Acquire and organize materials from primary and secondary sources. Content Standard Gather, use, and evaluate researched information to support analysis and conclusions.

S8-S9, S10-S11, 15, 31, 33, 43, 51, 83, 115, 139, 169, 199, 227, 257, 271, 297, 299, 325, 327, 351, 375, 377, 417, 445, 447, 491, 495, 519, 521, 541, 543, 569, 581, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749 S8-S9, S10-S11, 15, 31, 33, 43, 51, 83, 115, 139, 169, 199, 227, 257, 271, 297, 299, 325, 327, 351, 375, 377, 417, 445, 447, 491, 495, 519, 521, 541, 543, 569, 581, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749

S8-S9, S10-S11, 15, 31, 33, 37, 42, 43, 51, 78, 83, 115, 139, 149d, 169, 199, 199d, 227, 257, 271, 281, 297, 299, 315, 325, 327, 349d, 351, 375, 377, 410, 417, 436, 445, 447, 458, 464, 491, 495, 519, 519d, 521, 528, 541, 543, 548, 569, 581, 584, 593, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 671d, 673, 697, 699, 704, 710, 717, 729, 731, 743, 749 S8-S9, S10-S11, 15, 31, 33, 37, 42, 43, 51, 78, 83, 115, 139, 149d, 169, 199, 199d, 227, 257, 271, 281, 297, 299, 315, 325, 327, 349d, 351, 375, 377, 410, 417, 436, 445, 447, 458, 464, 491, 495, 519, 519d, 521, 528, 541, 543, 548, 569, 581, 584, 593, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 671d, 673, 697, 699, 704, 710, 717, 729, 731, 743, 749

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Gather, interpret, use, and document information from multiple sources, distinguishing facts from opinions and recognizing points of view.

15, 31, 33, 43, 51, 83, 115, 139, 151, 169, 184, 199, 227, 257, 271, 297, 299, 325, 327, 351, 375, 377, 417, 445, 447, 491, 495, 519, 521, 541, 543, 569, 581, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749

S8-S9, S10-S11, 15, 31, 33, 37, 42, 43, 51, 78, 83, 115, 139, 149d, 169, 199, 199d, 227, 257, 271, 281, 297, 299, 315, 325, 327, 349d, 351, 375, 377, 410, 417, 436, 445, 447, 458, 464, 491, 495, 519, 519d, 521, 528, 541, 543, 548, 569, 581, 584, 593, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 671d, 673, 697, 699, 704, 710, 717, 729, 731, 743, 749

31






Common Curriculum Goal Explain various perspectives on an event or issue and the reasoning behind them. Content Standard Understand an event, issue, problem, or phenomenon from multiple perspectives.

151, 184, 289, 295, 305-306, 375, 450-453, 458, 473, 507-511, 630, 694, R8 151, 184, 289, 295, 305-306, 375, 450-453, 458, 473, 507-511, 630, 694, R8

141, 151, 180, 184, 204, 219, 289, 291, 293, 295, 305-306, 357, 372, 375, 415d, 450-453, 458, 473, 507-511, 605d, 630, 656, 694, R8 141, 151, 180, 184, 204, 219, 289, 291, 293, 295, 305-306, 357, 372, 375, 415d, 450-453, 458, 473, 507-511, 605d, 630, 656, 694, R8

Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Examine a controversial event, issue, or problem from more than one perspective.

151, 184, 305-306, 451-453, 458, 507-511, 630, 635, R8

151, 184, 204, 305-306, 372, 451-453, 458, 507-511, 605d, 630, 635, 656, 710, R8

Common Curriculum Goal Identify and analyze an issue. Content Standard Identify and analyze characteristics, causes, and consequences of an event, issue, problem, or phenomenon.

15, 33, 85, 139, 151, 171, 229, 271, 297, 299, 327, 351, 375, 377, 383, 417, 447, 495, 519, 521, 543, 581, 607, 637, 641, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749 15, 33, 85, 139, 151, 171, 229, 271, 297, 299, 327, 351, 375, 377, 383, 417, 447, 495, 519, 521, 543, 581, 607, 637, 641, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749

15, 33, 85, 139, 151, 171, 205, 229, 269, 271, 276, 297, 299, 315, 317, 327, 349d, 351, 375, 377, 383, 417, 447, 464, 495, 519, 521, 543, 581, 605d, 607, 637, 641, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749 15, 33, 85, 139, 151, 171, 205, 229, 269, 271, 276, 297, 299, 315, 317, 327, 349d, 351, 375, 377, 383, 417, 447, 464, 495, 519, 521, 543, 581, 605d, 607, 637, 641, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749

32






Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Examine the various characteristics, causes, and effects of an event, issue, or problem.

15, 33, 87, 113, 117, 118, 139, 138, 166, 271, 297, 299, 327, 351, 375, 377, 383, 417, 447, 495, 519, 521, 543, 581, 607, 637, 641, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749

15, 33, 87, 113, 117, 118, 139, 138, 158, 166, 171, 269, 271, 276, 297, 299, 315, 317, 327, 349d, 351, 375, 377, 383, 417, 447, 464, 495, 519, 521, 543, 581, 605d, 607, 637, 641, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749

Common Curriculum Goal Select a course of action to resolve an issue. Content Standard Identify, compare, and evaluate outcomes, responses, or solutions; then reach a supported conclusion.

15, 31, 33, 43, 51, 83, 115, 139, 169, 199, 227, 257, 271, 289, 297, 300, 317, 325, 327, 351, 358, 375, 377, 383, 417, 445, 447, 481, 495, 519, 521, 534, 541, 543, 569, 581, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749 15, 31, 33, 43, 51, 83, 115, 139, 169, 199, 227, 257, 271, 289, 297, 300, 317, 325, 327, 351, 358, 375, 377, 383, 417, 445, 447, 481, 495, 519, 521, 534, 541, 543, 569, 581, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749

15, 31, 33, 37, 42, 43, 51, 78, 83, 115, 139, 149d, 169, 199, 199d, 227, 257, 271, 281, 289, 297, 300, 315, 317, 325, 327, 349d, 351, 358, 375, 377, 383, 410, 417, 436, 445, 447, 458, 464, 481, 495, 519, 519d, 521, 528, 534, 541, 543, 548, 569, 581, 584, 593, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 671d, 673, 697, 699, 704, 710, 717, 729, 731, 743, 749 15, 31, 33, 37, 42, 43, 51, 78, 83, 115, 139, 149d, 169, 199, 199d, 227, 257, 271, 281, 289, 297, 300, 315, 317, 325, 327, 349d, 351, 358, 375, 377, 383, 410, 417, 436, 445, 447, 458, 464, 481, 495, 519, 519d, 521, 528, 534, 541, 543, 548, 569, 581, 584, 593, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 671d, 673, 697, 699, 704, 710, 717, 729, 731, 743, 749

33






Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Consider two or more outcomes, responses, or solutions; identify their strengths and weaknesses; then conclude and justify which is the best.

15, 31, 33, 43, 51, 83, 115, 139, 169, 199, 227, 257, 271, 289, 297, 300, 317, 325, 327, 351, 358, 375, 377, 383, 417, 445, 447, 481, 495, 519, 521, 534, 541, 543, 569, 581, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 673, 697, 699, 729, 731, 749

15, 31, 33, 37, 42, 43, 51, 78, 83, 115, 139, 149d, 169, 199, 199d, 227, 257, 271, 281, 289, 297, 300, 315, 317, 325, 327, 349d, 351, 358, 375, 377, 383, 410, 417, 436, 445, 447, 458, 464, 481, 495, 519, 519d, 521, 528, 534, 541, 543, 548, 569, 581, 584, 593, 605, 607, 637, 641, 661, 671d, 673, 697, 699, 704, 710, 717, 729, 731, 743, 749

34

lebrocn

Text Box

OR 90 6/2004 2005 C2

Documents

World Cultures and Geography - McDougal · PDF fileMcDougal Littell World Cultures and Geography ©2005 correlated to the Oregon Social Sciences Standards Benchmark 3 (Grade 8) Oregon