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East African Regional Workshop on the
Water-Energy-Food security (WEF) Nexus
September 24th and 25th, 2019
Strathmore University, Nairobi, Kenya
Workshop Report
The Workshop:
The East African Regional Workshop on the Water-Energy-Food security (WEF) Nexus
jointly organized by UNESCO, GIZ and Strathmore University took place between
September 24th and 25th 2019 in Strathmore University, Nairobi, Kenya.
In total, 28 participants from seven countries in East Africa and the Horn of Africa took
part in the workshop. The countries represented were Djibouti, Eritrea, Uganda,
Rwanda, Kenya, South Sudan and Burundi. Participants covered a wide range of
expertise on water, energy, agriculture and food security and climate change. They
represented academic and research institutions and public authorities (Ministry of
Agriculture/Food Security/Irrigation, Ministry of Water, Ministry of Environment,
Ministry of Energy), as well as the private sector. Participants were nominated by
government agencies and universities as well as private sector companies addressing
water, climate change, meteorology or related fields. The full list of participants is
available in the annex.
The Water-Energy-Food Nexus approach:
Achieving water, energy and food security for all requires an integrated approach. The
Nexus approach highlights the interdependencies between achieving water, energy
and food security for human well-being, e. g. basic services and economic
development, while ensuring ecologically sustainable use of globally essential
resources. It is based on an understanding of the synergies and regulated negotiation
of fair trade-offs between competing uses of water, land and energy-related resources.
The Nexus approach is a fundamental shift, from a pure sectoral approach to solutions
that embrace a cross-sectoral, coherent and integrated perspective. It challenges
existing structures, policies and procedures at global, regional and (sub) national
levels. The three "supply securities" water, energy and food depend on ecosystems
and on each other. The three resources land, water and energy are part of this
ecosystem and must be used and protected in a balanced manner.
WEF Nexus, SDGs and Agenda 2063:
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and goals of Agenda 2063, are indivisibly
connected with each other. The same holds for the specific objectives on climate
change mitigation and adaptation according to the Paris Agreement (PA). These
connections allow finding effective and efficient solutions to tackle the world’s
problems. SDG 6 (water), 7 (energy) and 2 (food security) are not only closely
connected to each other but also eminently important for the Nexus approach. The
2030 UN Agenda for Sustainable Development highlights the need to think a common
approach for the implementation of exactly those Nexus-linked SDGs. Only then the
access-inequalities and the supply risks for water, energy and food can be reduced.
A Nexus perspective is therefore essential for promoting the integration of goals across
sectors and reducing the risk of sector-specific SDG actions undermining each other.
The nexus approach also analyses trade-offs and synergies between goals, and
therefore serves as a ‘vehicle’ that boosts implementation of the 2030 Agenda. As well
as contributing to the SDGs, the nexus seeks to maximise poverty reduction and
achieve economically and environmentally sustainable outcomes. The nexus and the
SDGs are generally guided by the following common principles:
• Promotion of sustainable and efficient resource use
• Access to resources for vulnerable population groups
• Maintenance and support of underlying ecosystem services
At the global level, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) represent the areas of
action which are targeted in order to reach “the future we want”. The SDGs 2, 6, and
7 directly address the demand for improving water, energy and food security. Although
these three highlighted SDGs directly address these securities, all other SDGs are
linked in one way or another to improving water, energy and food security. Some
examples of this are:
• Health (SDG 3) is directly related to the access to enough good quality food
and water
• Resilience to natural hazards (11) depends on the way we manage water
• Consumption and production patterns (12) will determine our energy
demands
• Education (4) and partnerships (17) will determine how to reach future WEF
security
In Agenda 2063 the Aspiration 1 “A prosperous Africa based on inclusive growth and
sustainable development” has goals advocating water, energy and food security. They
are prevailing development concerns.
Objective of the Workshop:
The 2-day training introduced the participants to the Water-Energy-Food security
(WEF) Nexus and provided the opportunity to apply “Nexus thinking” in interactive
exercises. The workshop was facilitated by GIZ experts Ms. Maria Ana Rodriguez,
Global Nexus Secretariat Coordinator and Mr. Luca Ferrini, Nexus Regional
Coordinator in the Niger basin.
• Day 1: Introduction to the Water-Energy-Food Security (WEF) Nexus Concepts
and methods
• Day 2: Case studies and application of Nexus thinking to strengthen the design
and implementation of projects striving for improved water, energy and food
security.
The workshop participants expressed expectations to learn about different
perspectives, needs, priorities and values of the energy, water and agricultural sectors
and their interconnections in an interactive and participatory way. The interactive
training formats are combined with presentation material and handouts to introduce
the training topics and allow for in-depth discussions. The training modules are
designed in a way that provides the participants with the opportunity to apply Nexus
thinking to concrete examples within the context of case studies.
1. Get introduced to the Water-Energy-Food security (WEF) Nexus.
2. Learn about existing case studies and apply the “nexus thinking” to own
examples.
Outcome and outputs:
Participants engaged with different perspectives, needs, priorities and values of other
sectors and their interconnections in an interactive and participatory way. The training
modules were designed in a way that ensured that participants had the opportunity to
apply Nexus thinking to concrete examples within the context of regional case studies.
Day one
Opening remarks by Strathmore University, UNESCO and GIZ outlined the role of each
organisation in the organisation of this joint effort. Emphasis was put by all on the value
added of joint collaborations, and on the successful gathering of participants from an
impressive range of countries, sectors and backgrounds. The Nexus approach is for
all a vehicle to the successful implementation of the SDGs in a cross-sectoral manner,
thus contributing to, among others, SDGs 2, 6, 7, 13 and 17. It is an example of how
cross-sectoral collaborations can achieve more with less.
The first day was then launched with inputs from UNESCO and the trainers on the
concepts of water security, energy security and food security, followed by an
introductory presentation on the Nexus.
The first group exercise took place in groups by country. Participants identified Nexus
challenges in their respective countries, that is to say challenges that concern Nexus
sectors and can benefit from a Nexus approach for solutions. The groups also were
asked to identify an example of a concrete project aiming to increase water security,
energy security or food security the design of which could benefit from a nexus
approach.
Participants expressed a realisation that projects connected to natural resource
planning and management of water, energy and food are often designed and
implemented in a sectoral way. They also noted that resource scarcity, population
growth and impacts of climate change increase pressure on existing natural resources
and call for integrated solutions across sectors.
The Nexus approach aims at developing the needed solutions across the involved
sectors in a highly participatory manner, involving all key stakeholders and discussing
the needs of the involved sectors to come up with win-win-solutions and/or agreed
trade-offs. Focus of the holistic approach is that solutions for one sector should benefit
also - or at least not negatively affect - another sector. Where these impacts are
inevitable, trade-offs between the sectors are discussed and agreed upon amongst the
stakeholders.
In the afternoon of day one, participants were given a real-case scenario to be
analysed through a role-play. Using the case of a multipurpose dam that is currently
planned in Guinea, they decided which of the four sectors (water, energy, food, and
environment) they wanted to represent. As national ministries they had to put the
case to the President for the taking into account of their sectoral needs, perspectives
and goals. This led to ambitious sectoral goals which needed to be negotiated among
the four Ministries in order to find agreement on the design of the multipurpose dam.
As the end solution was found, participants reflected on the importance of
negotiation, power balances, and the central role of sustainability in finding
compromise between different sectors. Compromise was not just seen as negative,
but actually led to a sustainable solution which benefits all interests in the long run
and efficiency in the use of resources.
Day two
The second day was about concrete case studies of projects which benefit from a
Nexus approach in planning and implementation. The trainers presented a
demonstration case from Germany, and this was followed by the in-depth analysis by
participants of three of the national projects identified on day one. Projects in Rwanda,
Uganda and Eritrea were thus analysed and dissected on the basis of the following
categories:
• Goals of the project
• Stakeholders
• Policies
On the basis of the analysis, groups identified measures that ensured the integration
of Nexus thinking in the project design. They realised that even minor measures
strongly improved the sectoral equilibrium of project and could lead to increased water
security, energy security, food security and environmental sustainability. The role of
coordination and the timing of intersectorial consultations were identified as key
factors for the success, efficiency and sustainability of the analysed projects.
The afternoon of day two served to introduce participants to a practical methodology
to assess the impact of projects on different sectors in order to strengthen synergies
and minimise trade-offs.
The Risks and Options Assessment for Decision-making (ROAD) tool was used to
calculate the impact of the three case study projects on the four sectors (water, energy,
food and environment). In a second and crucial step, participants identified corrective
measures to concretely strengthen positive and minimise negative impacts on the
other sectors. This led in all three cases to higher overall scores in the sustainability
and holistic acceptance of the projects.
ROAD scoring system (Risks and Options Assessment for Decision-making)
Reference: Nilsson, M., D. Griggs and M. Visbeck, 2016. Map the interactions
between Sustainable Development Goals. Nature, 534:320-322.
Feedback
The feedback by participants was overwhelmingly positive, with evaluations of average
9.4 out of 10. Particular appreciation was noted for the interactive methodology used
in the training, the group work, and the venue and amenities. The experts attending
the training expressed a clear understanding of the Nexus and, most importantly, a
very clear intention to apply the knowledge and methodologies of the training to their
daily work and to new and better efforts to increase water, food and energy security
for the populations in their respective countries.
Way forward
Participants, organisers and trainers discussed ways to keep the momentum of the
training towards follow-up activities in the countries and in the region as a whole.
Participants voiced their intentions to, once at home, create cross-sectoral working
groups, improve the effectiveness of ongoing and planned projects by including more
sectors, and looking into case studies that can allow deeper learning. The organisers
reiterated their availability to support initiatives by participants and their institutions in
this sense, particularly by looking into specific project cases that can showcase the
tangible benefits of the nexus, and supporting further training efforts.
Communication and visibility - online presence
• https://www.strathmore.edu/news/east-african-regional-workshop-on-water-energy-
food-security-wef-nexus/
• https://www.water-energy-food.org/news/wef-nexus-workshop-east-african-regional-
workshop-on-water-energy-food-security-wef-nexus/
• TWITTER: https://twitter.com/nexusplatform?lang=fr ; https://twitter.com/unescoeast
Annex I: Agenda of the training
Tuesday, September 24th 2019
Introduction to the Water-Energy-Food security (WEF) Nexus.
08:30-9:00 Meet & Greet with Coffee
09:00-09:30
09:30-10:15
Opening Ceremony – UNESCO, Strathmore University, GIZ
Introduction
o Introduction of participants
o Introduction to the course
10:15 – 11:15 The Water-Energy-Food Nexus, Explaining the concept - UNESCO
o Presentation of the concept, facts and figures
o Discussion
11:15 – 11:30 Coffee Break
11:30-12:30
The Water-Energy-Food Nexus, Explaining the concept - GIZ
o Presentation of the concept
o Discussion
12:30 – 14:00 Lunch Break
14:00-16:30
Opportunities when applying the WEF Nexus approach- Role play
o Create awareness on the interlinkages between different sectoral policies
such as energy, water and land use
o Develop an understanding that coordination between different sectoral
units and governance levels can help avoid negative effects on other
sectors and create synergies.
16:30-17:00 Wrap-up
Wednesday, September 25th 2019
Introduction to the Water-Energy-Food security (WEF) Nexus.
08:30-9:00 Meet & Greet with Coffee
09:00-09:30 Recap
o Key take-home messages from the first day
09:30 – 10:15 The Water-Energy-Food Nexus, Case Studies
o Presentation of the cases
o Discussion
10: 15-11:15 Identifying Nexus Policy Instruments
o Group work - discussion
11:15 – 11:30 Coffee Break
11: 30-12:30 Identifying Nexus Policy Instruments
o Group work - presentation
12:30 – 14:00 Lunch Break
14:00-16:30
Tools for applying the WEF Nexus approach- Risks and Options
Assessment for Decision-making (ROAD)
o Presentation
o Group work and discussion
16:30-17:00 Wrap-up
Annex II: Participants’ list
Name Institution/ Affiliation Email
Mr MICOMYIZA Hanson
Gishwati water and land
management-MINAGRI [email protected]
Mr Emmanuel Ladu
Legge
Ministry of Environment & Forestry/
RSS, Juba [email protected]
Mr Yemaneab Weldeab
Ghebrewold
Department of Energy, Ministry of
Energy and Mines [email protected]
Ms. Bwiza Queen
Noella
Rwanda Water and Forestry
Authority, [email protected]
Stephen Mukaya RCGW [email protected]
Dr Omar Assowe Dabar
Centre d'étude et de recherche de
Djibouti [email protected]
Ms. Lorraine Vusha Geologist [email protected]
Mr Tom Rukundo
Ndamira
Director, Natural Forests
Management, National Forestry
Authority [email protected]
Mr Tedros Tesfagabir
Haile
Department of Water Resources,
Ministry of Land, Water and
Environment [email protected]
Janet Kipyatich Private Sector [email protected]
Mr Hakuzimana Janvier
Rwanda Polytechnic-IPRC Musanze
P.O. Box 226 Musanze-Rwanda [email protected]
Mr Jean Baptiste
HATEGEKIMANA
Board of the Rwanda Youth in
Agribusiness Forum (RYAF) [email protected]
Mr Charles Kasanziki University of Rwanda [email protected],
Ms.Elizabeth Sonia Cake Galleria [email protected]
Mr Lugumira
Sebadduka Jerome
National Environment Management
Authority [email protected]
Mr Hakuzimana Janvier
Rwanda Polytechnic-IPRC Musanze
P.O. Box 226 Musanze-Rwanda [email protected]
Prof. Ramasamy
Jayakumar UNESCO [email protected]
Dr. Partey Samuel UNESCO [email protected]
Mr. John Ngatia
Ndarathi UNESCO [email protected]
Mr Thomas Kangethe MWS&I [email protected]
Ms Georgia Musau MWS&I [email protected]
Izael Da Silva Strathmore University [email protected]
Rachael Mbogo Strathmore University [email protected]
Cynthia Meru UNESCO [email protected]
Mr Federico Falessi Strathmore University [email protected]
Ms Prisca Atieno
Ochieng Strathmore University [email protected]
Mr Patrick Kioko
Mwanzia Strathmore University [email protected]
Cavin Opiyo Strathmore University [email protected]
Dimiter Ialnazov Kyoto University, Japan [email protected]
Ms Maria Ana GIZ [email protected]
Mr. Charles Hakizimana GIZ [email protected]
Mr FERRINI / LUCA GIZ [email protected]
