Workplace Skills

Workplace

Workplace – a place of business where an organization accomplishes the tasks that earn the profit that keeps the organization productive.

Workplace Safety

Workplace safety guarantees a safe and hazard-free work environment for you as well as all employees of the organization.

When an on-the-job injury occurs, WORKMANS COMP will be paid Workman’s Comp – benefits paid to an injured

employee for living expenses while injured

Dress Code

Dress code will vary across the career spectrum

People who work there help you set the proper dress code

Professional Business jobs require a professional dress.

Dress Code

Professional DressMen

Blue, Black, or Charcoal Grey suit Button-up shirt and matching tie Brown or Black shoes and belt.

Women Skirt and Blouse or Pants Suit Closed toed shoes

Emergency Procedures

The Safety Hazards and Emergency Procedures will vary depending on the job.

When hired, ask about the procedures that apply

Tools

Tools of the Trade – The tools that you need to know and master in order to be the best employee possible at a certain job or position.

Tools will vary depending on the job at hand

Tool Maintenance

Tools that are used on the job are used every day.

That results in a lot of WEAR AND TEAR on the equipment.

A Daily, Weekly, or Monthly Maintenance schedule will help extend the life of the equipment and create a safer work environment for the workers.

Technology

Technology has made most jobs simpler in some way

Email and cell phones allow better communication

Digital plans and maps help increase the level of understanding

Equipment is easier to operate and maintain

How has technology made your career choice easier?

Technology

How has technology made your career choice easier?

Send me 2 examples of this in a student email.

Organizational Structure

Organization - A group of people working together in a coordinated effort to reach certain goals.

Organizations are structured into levelsThe higher level has authority over all levels

below

Organizational StructureHierarchy Pyramid

CEO, CFO, COO

Senior Managers

Middle Managers

Supervisors

Operatives

Organizational Structure

CEO – Chief Executive OfficerCFO – Chief Financial OfficerCOO – Chief Operating Officer

Operative – Employees who have no authority over anyone else and is only responsible for their job

Organizational Structure

Authority - The power based on the rights that come with a position.

Different levels create clear lines of authority and a chain of command

Organizational Structure

Chain of CommandThe clear line of authority within an

organization.

In the business world, the chain of command starts with the CEO

Improving Productivity

In early industrial times, it was proven that assigning specific tasks to individuals or groups will improve productivity

This technique is called Division of Labor.Division of Labor may include:

Specialization Job Rotation Job Scope Job Depth

Improving Productivity

Specialization - groups of workers perform very specific tasks or sets of tasks. Makes training employees easier Can increase productivity May cause boredom among employees

Improving Productivity

Job Rotation - Periodically moving of workers from one job to another. This will help prevent workers from becoming bored It also creates a multiskilled workforce

Improving Productivity

Job Scope - Refers to the number of operations involved in a job Narrow job scope means few operations involved and

may become boring Broad job scope means many operations, which most

people find more satisfying

Improving Productivity

Job Depth -The freedom employees have to: Plan and organize their work Interact with co-workers Work at their own pace

A job with depth allows for the workday to be much less regulated than those with minimal job depth

Organizational Structure

During industrial times (late 19th and early 20th centuries) many companies were centralized: Power held by a few senior managers who are

responsible for making most important decisions

Decentralization - The process by which decisions are made by managers at various levels within an organization.

Types of Organizational Structures

Line StructureLine and Staff StructureMatrix StructureTeam Structure

Each type can be shown by an organizational chart, which is a visual representation of a businesses structure.

Shows who reports to whom and what type of work each department does.

Line Structure

Authority originates at the top and moves downward in a line.

All managers perform line functions. Line functions – functions that contribute directly to

company profits. EX. Production mgrs, sales reps, marketing mgrs

What type of companies have a line structure?

Organizational Structure

CEO, CFO, COO

Senior Managers

Middle Managers

Supervisors

Operatives

Line and Staff Structure

When line managers of larger corporations cant perform all tasks required to run their department, other employees are hired to help by performing staff functions. Advise and support line functions EX. Legal dept, human resources, public relations

Contribute only indirectly to company profits Staff are usually specialists in one field, and only advise

line managers.

Line and Staff Structure ChartPresident

Vice President, Sales

Advertising

Sales Personnel

Vice President, Manufacturing

Fabrication

Assembly

Top mgrs

Line mgrs

Staff mgrs

Matrix Structure

Allows employees from different departments to come together temporarily to work on special project teams.

Allows flexibility to respond quickly to customer needs by a team of people devoting time to the project, then return to their departments after completion. Common for companies that take on very large

projects EX. Boeing, new aircraft design

Matrix Structure Chart

Corporate Level

Division A

Planners and

Analysts

Production Engineering Personnel Finance

Division B

Planners and

Analysts

Production Emgineering Personnel Finance

Projects are formed from by employees coming together from each department in their division to work on special projects

Team Structure

Brings together people with different skills in order to meet a particular objective.

More and more companies are using this over Line and staff. Allows them to meet customer needs quicker than

traditional structuresTeams make their own decision instead of

having to get approval of senior mgrs

Team Structure Chart

Senior MGT

Team A

Marketing,

Production

Research,Finance

Team B

Marketing,

Production

Research, Finance

Team C

Marketing,

Production

Research, Finance

Flat Structure

An organization that has a small number of levels and a broad span of mgt at each level. This calls for a good bit of delegation on the part of

the mgr. Employees have more power within the company.

Advantages Greater job satisfaction More delegation Increased communication between levels of mgt.

Tall Structure

Organization that has many levels with small spans of management. Power is centralized on the top levels and there is

more employee control by senior mgrs. Advantages

Greater control Better performance

Teamwork

A group of people working together with delegated responsibility to accomplish team set goals

Delegate – to divide up responsibility within the team

Collaborate – information combined from all members of the team to achieve goals or answer common problems

Working in Teams

Advantages

1.sharing of ideas

2.motivation - not wanting to let the team down. Shared targets and aims for the team to meet.

3.Employee needs - employees have social needs, go to work not just for the money but for human contact with workmates etc. Employees can therefore be happier in a team.

4. Personnel support - more experienced members can help, mentor and develop the less experienced members.

Working in Teams

Disadvantages

1. not all work is suited to working in a team - there are some one man tasks.

2. Teams can cause conflicts - personality clashes between members.

3. The contribution of quieter members of the team can get crowded out by members with larger personalities. Some good ideas can get lost this way.

4. Team mentality. Workers start to identify just with their own team and this harms relationships between different teams and departments and harms communication in the organization

Departments

Marketing – Department that will determine how your company will inform customers about the product. Department head should include place to advertise: newspaper, television, storefronts, billboards, radio ads, mailers, mass emails

Sales – Department that will determine where and how to sell the product created and the price to sell it for. Include places to sell and the area in the store to sell it.

Production – Department that will determine how to assemble the product. Include all steps in the process of building or creating the product

Corporate Financial Practices

Company Credit Card – Charge card given to employees to pay for JOB RELATED expenses. Gas Hotels Client Dinner

Expense Report – Form to be filled out when an employee returns from a business trip, or periodically if charges are a standard of the job

Corporate Financial Practices

Fraud – being dishonest on an expense report Spending money on the company charge card for non-

business related items Not itemizing all purchases correctly Not recording the place of business of the purchase

correctly

Corporate Financial Practices

Embezzlement – possessing Company money without prior approval

Unauthorized purchases and returns ATM withdrawals Petty Cash

Small amount of money kept on hand for emergency purchases

Working in a Public Environment

When working on Public computers, security of files and information is a MUST!!!

When sending confidential info, or things you don’t want others to see, ENCRYPT the file before sending

Secure Sending of Information

Encrypt – the transforming of information using an algorithm that makes it impossible for others to read without the decryption code

Algorithm – AKA Cipher – changes the decrypted message into a readable format

Decrypt – change the encrypted message back to normal text by inputting the decryption code

Encryption

To encrypt a document in Microsoft Word 2007 Go to circle in Top Left > Prepare > Encrypt

Document Enter a password that you can remember

2003 Go to Tools > Options > Security > Encryption

Encryption, Sending, Decryption

Attach the document to an email and send it to me at wwelch.ah@calhoun.k12.al.us . Put the password in the body of the email so I can decrypt the message once it is sent. Encrypted message and password included worth 50

points possible