Working on a eef attle Station (Part 1) FAILITATOR GUIDElitcomtraining.com/media/docs_ag/Facilitator Guide.pdf · Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

© Commonwealth of Australia 2012 1

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1)

FACILITATOR GUIDE (Including Practical Checklists and Transcripts)

Interactive video resource to assist in training Certificate II in Agriculture



CC BY-NC-SA © Commonwealth of Australia 2012

This work is copyright. Except where otherwise indicated, and save for the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, the Department has applied the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial-Share Alike 3.0 Australia Licence to this work. The Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations must be attributed as the author of the Department’s copyright material. As far as practicable, material for which the copyright is owned by a third party has been clearly labelled. The Department has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that this material has been reproduced on this website with the full consent of the copyright owners. Requests and enquiries concerning the Department’s copyright material should be addressed to:

The Copyright Officer Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations Location code C148CW2 GPO Box 9880 Canberra ACT 2601 Or emailed to [email protected]

Development of this resource has been funded under the Workplace English Language and Literacy (WELL) Program by the Australian Government Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR). The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily represent the views of the Minister for Education or the Australian Government. The Australian Government does not give any warranty nor accept any liability in relation to the contents of this work.

ISBN: 978-0-9873632-0-6 This project was undertaken by LitCom Training Service. Further information on these materials can be obtained by contacting:

Di Wilson (WELL Project Manager) Phone: 0403 535 952 Email: [email protected] Web: www.litcomtraining.com

ORDERS: Although the full resource is available online at www.litcomtraining.com for free, the 2-disk resource pack may be ordered online at a cost recovery fee from the LitCom Training Service website.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/au

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/au

mailto:[email protected]


http://www.litcomtraining.com/




ACKOWLEDGEMENTS: Special thanks go to Kimberley Training Institute WA, Pastoral area staff, for consultation, guidance and participation in the development, filming, trials and evaluation of this resource.

Special thanks also go to these Cattle Stations that contributed to the production of this resource: Meda Station Myroodah Station Ruby Plains Station Burks Park

Trialling and evaluation of the resource was also conducted by: Coastal and Rural Training, WA Central Outback Training, QLD Australian Agricultural Company (AACO), QLD North Australian Pastoral Company (NAPCO), QLD Agriculture and Rural Operations, Charles Darwin University, Katherine, NT

Video scenes directed by Russell Brown Video scenes produced by Mintox Media www.mintoxmedia.com.au

http://www.kti.wa.edu.au/courses/areas/Pages/pastoral.aspx

http://coastalandruraltraining.com.au/

http://www.centraloutbacktraining.com.au/

http://www.aaco.com.au/Training.aspx

http://www.cdu.edu.au/cduvet/primary-industry-community-service/aro-topend.html

http://www.cdu.edu.au/cduvet/primary-industry-community-service/aro-topend.html

http://www.mintoxmedia.com.au/



Contents

INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................... 6

Contents of Resource 6

Availability of Resource 6

How to Use the Resource 7

OUTLINE OF VIDEO CLIPS & E-LEARNING MODULES ................................................................ 8 MODULE 1 Working Safely at a Beef Cattle Station 9 MODULE 2 Handling Cattle in the Yard 10 MODULE 3 Mustering and Moving Cattle 11 MODULE 4 Fencing at a Beef Cattle Station 12

MAPPING OF MODULES AGAINST UNITS OF COMPETENCY ................................................. 14

E-QUIZZES & ANSWERS .................................................................................................................... 25

e-QUIZ 1 25

e-QUIZ 2 27

e-QUIZ 3 30

e-QUIZ 4 33

PRACTICAL CHECKLISTS .................................................................................................................. 35 Practical CHECKLIST 1: Safety 36 Practical CHECKLIST 2: Handling Cattle 37 Practical CHECKLIST 3: Mustering 38 LOGBOOK - Mustering and Moving Cattle 39 Practice CHECKLIST 4: Fencing 40

TRANSCRIPTS AND GLOSSARY ...................................................................................................... 42 MODULE 1: Working Safely at a Beef Cattle Station 43 MODULE 2: Handling Cattle in the Yard 45 MODULE 3: Muster & Move Cattle 53 MODULE 4: Fencing 57

Glossary 61





Introduction This resource has been developed to facilitate blended learning in selected units of Certificate II in Agriculture. The resource uses plain English (except where workplace jargon is required) particularly targeting trainees who may experience some difficulty due to different cultural backgrounds and/or challenging English language and/or literacy levels.

Contents of Resource

This e-learning training resource consists of the following:

1. Twenty-two short video clips published on the LitCom Training Service website, for use in face-to-face or facilitated training. (Also available on DVD)

2. Four self-paced interactive e-learning modules with audio explanations, images, animated text, glossary and embedded copies of the video clips for independent self-paced learning. Each module ends in a quiz for reinforcement of essential knowledge. (Also available on DVD)

3. Customisable Documents:

This Facilitator Guide giving an overview of the topics and content covered including: how to use the resource outline of the video clips and e-learning modules mapping of the resources to relevant units of competency showing where performance

criteria and essential skills and knowledge are supported by the resource copies of quiz questions (with answers) from the interactive e-learning modules

Checklists for learners for tasks of a practical nature that need to be learned and demonstrated at work to ensure effective blended learning.

Transcripts of the video clips with a Glossary exercise at the end.

Availability of Resource

The Interactive E-learning Modules are available online at www.litcomtraining.com

a) for use by learners online where the internet is accessible

b) to download in a folder, if internet is not accessible, for use on a PC (directly from hard drive or burned onto a DVD)

c) to download in a ZIP folder to publish in a Learning Management System (eg Moodle)

Also available online are electronic versions of the customisable documents as well as the separate video clips that have been embedded in the presentations.

If the internet is not accessible for downloads, a 2-disk resource pack may be ordered online at a cost recovery fee from LitCom Training Service.





How to Use the Resource

This resource has NOT been designed to be used as a stand-alone resource and needs to be used together with the Practical CHECKLISTS provided to support learning and encourage face-to-face discussion and on-job mentoring and assessment.

Note that Adobe Flash Player is required to play the Modules.

The Introduction in the MENU of the Modules provides instructions for the learner about how to use the resource.

Quizzes

There is a quiz at the end of each model. The quizzes do not adequately provide assessment for the nominated units of competency, but primarily serve to:

(a) reinforce knowledge of information provided in the presentation

(b) familiarise the learners with workplace-specific language and terminology

(c) familiarise the learners with interactivity in self-directed e-learning and use of the computer mouse to select responses.

On completion of each quiz, learners may choose to print their results (if connected to a printer) for proof of completion.

Transcripts

Transcripts of the narrative of the presentations and the embedded video clips are in the Transcripts (Notes) tab beside the Outline tab on the left of each screen of each Module. Transcripts of just the video clips are also provided in a Word document in the Attachments.

NOTE: This resource has been produced in North Western Australia and so some practices are

unavoidably specific to the area. Where practices differ in another state, or are not deemed best

practice in your enterprise, it is recommended that those differences be identified and discussed as a

learning strategy.



Outline of Video Clips & E-learning Modules

This resource, Working on a Beef Cattle Station, currently consists of four modules:

MODULE 1: Working Safely at a Beef Cattle Station (approx. 22mins)

MODULE 2: Handling Cattle in the Yard (approx. 32mins)

MODULE 3: Mustering and Moving Cattle (approx. 31mins)

MODULE 4: Fencing at a Beef Cattle Station (approx. 24mins)

These modules support learning in the following units of competency in the AHC20110 Certificate II in Agriculture Training Package:

AHCOHS201A Participate in OHS processes AHCWRK209A Participate in environmentally sustainable work practices AHCLSK205A Handle livestock using basic techniques AHCLSK210A Muster and move livestock AHCINF202A Install, maintain and repair fencing

(Video clips only total approx. 40mins)

INTRODUCTION

DVD

Outline

How to use the resource

Introduction to presenters

VIDEO CLIPS:

1.1 Locking yard gates 1.2 Jumping the fence 1.3 Leading a horse 1.4 Hind legs 1.5 Mounting a horse 2.1 Yard preparation 2.2 Cleaning water troughs 2.3 Marking 2.4 Branding 2.5 Drafting 2.6 Closing yard gates

2.7 Pressure points 2.8 Low-stress handling 3.1 Vehicle checks 3.2 Riding positions 3.3 Mothering up 3.4 Counting cattle 4.1 Fencing parts 4.2 Types of wire 4.3 Fencing tools 4.4 Knots 4.5 Straining

The video clips are on DVD1 for use by facilitators in face-to-face training. For self-directed learning, the clips are are embedded in the eLearning modules on DVD2. DRAFT eLearning modules are also online:

MODULE 1: www.litcomtraining.com/safety/safety.html MODULE 2: www.litcomtraining.com/handling/handling.html

MODULE 3: www.litcomtraining.com/mustering/mustering.html MODULE 4: www.litcomtraining.com/fencing/fencing.html

Warning: The video clips contain images that some viewers may find distressing.

http://www.litcomtraining.com/safety/safety.html

http://www.litcomtraining.com/handling/handling.html

http://www.litcomtraining.com/mustering/mustering.html

http://www.litcomtraining.com/fencing/fencing.html



MODULE 1 Working Safely at a Beef Cattle Station

eLearning draft ONLINE: www.litcomtraining.com/safety/safety.html

DVD

Video clips (Total 4:00 mins) Mins Content

1.1

1:02 A demonstration of the safe way of locking a gate with its chain to prevent dangerous movement of the closed gate.

1.2

0:58 How people can get hurt when chased by a cow and what to do to be safe.

1.3

1:22 What can happen if you don’t hold a horse properly when leading him through a gate and a demonstration of how you should do it.

1.4

0:41 A demonstration of safety precautions needed when lifting a horse’s hind leg.

1.5

0:38 A demonstration of the safe way to mount a horse.

http://www.litcomtraining.com/safety/safety.html



MODULE 2 Handling Cattle in the Yard eLearning draft ONLINE: www.litcomtraining.com/handling/handling.html

DVD


2.1

2:50 Wayne tells us what to check before putting cattle in a yard.

2.2

1:38 Don demonstrates cleaning a water trough.

2.3

1:44 Danny explains some basics about marking cattle: electronic tag applicators, HGP applicators and markers, branding equipment, ear marking pliers, dehorning knives

2.4

2:28 Danny explains some basics about how to safely brand a calf.

2.5

1:29 Wayne explains about the different lines of cattle to know when drafting.

2.6

1:16 Wayne explains the dangers of not shutting a gate in the yard properly.

2.7

1:28 Chris demonstrates where you need to apply pressure to move a cow in different directions.

2.8

3:42 Jamie explains about and demonstrates low stress handling of cattle in the yard.

http://www.litcomtraining.com/handling/handling.html



MODULE 3 Mustering and Moving Cattle eLearning draft ONLINE: www.litcomtraining.com/mustering/mustering.html

DVD


3.1

4:42 Don gives some important advice about what to check before taking a vehicle out on a muster.

3.2

1:14 Wayne explains about riding positions during a muster.

3.3

0:48 Wayne explains why allowing time for mothering up is important.

3.4

0:36 Wayne has a few words about the importance of counting cattle.

http://www.litcomtraining.com/mustering/mustering.html



MODULE 4 Fencing at a Beef Cattle Station eLearning draft ONLINE: www.litcomtraining.com/fencing/fencing.html

DVD


4.1

2:06 Wayne explains about the different parts of a fence generally found on cattle station fences in north-western Australia.

4.2

1:36 Wayne explains about different types of fencing wire.

4.3

1:22 Wayne shows some of the tools needed for putting up a fence.

4.4

1:57 Wayne demonstrates how to do a figure eight and a double loop knot for fencing.

4.5

2:01 Wayne explains while Jamie demonstrates how to strain a fencing wire.

http://www.litcomtraining.com/fencing/fencing.html





Mapping of Modules against Units of Competency

The resources are mapped in the following tables to show where they support five of the Certificate II in Agriculture units of competency.

UNIT: AHCOHS201A Participate in OHS processes (was RTC 2701A) KEY: OSH Environ Com

This unit covers the process of following enterprise Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) policies and procedures and defines the standard required to: recognise and report hazards in the workplace; follow workplace safety procedures and directions; adjust, use, clean and store personal protective equipment (PPE) according to safe work procedures and manufacturer directions; carry out basic safety checks on equipment before use; identify and handle hazardous substances according to workplace procedures; complete manual handling tasks using recommended techniques; and follow emergency procedures and warning signs.

Module 1: Working Safely

at a Beef Cattle Station

Content Activities

EL Performance criteria Video Pres QUIZ Prac

1. H

azar

d id

en

tifi

cati

on

an

d

risk

co

ntr

ol

1.1 Hazards in the workplace are recognised and reported to designated personnel according to enterprise procedures. o

1.2 Assessment of risk associated with identified hazards is made according to enterprise procedures. o

1.3 Workplace procedures and work instructions for controlling risks are followed accurately. o

1.4 Workplace procedures for dealing with accidents, fire and emergencies are followed whenever necessary within the scope of responsibilities and competencies.

o

1.5 Risks to fellow workers, other people and animals are recognised, and action taken to eliminate/reduce them

1.6 Employee responsibilities prescribed in OHS legislation are recognised and carried out.

1.7 Safety training is undertaken as directed. o

2. O

bse

rve

saf

e p

ract

ice

s d

uri

ng

w

ork

op

era

tio

ns

2.1 Work for which PPE is required is identified, used, maintained and stored according to enterprise procedures.

2.2 Safety checks on all machinery and equipment are undertaken before operation according to enterprise procedures.

o

2.3 Hazards associated with handling of hazardous substances are identified and reported, and risk assessed according to enterprise procedures and OHS requirements.

2.4 Noise hazards are identified and notified, and risk assessed according to enterprise procedures and OHS reqs.

2.5 Manual handling job risks are assessed prior to activity and work carried out according to currently recommended safe practices.

2.6 Information on OHS is accessed as required. o

3. T

eam

par

tici

pat

ion

in w

ork

pla

ce O

SH

mai

nte

nan

ce

3.1 Individuals have input into ongoing monitoring and reporting on all aspects of workplace safety.

o

3.2 OHS issues are raised with designated personnel according to enterprise procedures and relevant OHS legislation.

o

3.3 Contributions to participative arrangements in the workplace are made within organisational procedures and scope of responsibilities and competencies.

o

3.4 Contributions are provided towards the development of effective solutions to control the level of risk associated with enterprise activities.

o



EVIDENCE GUIDE (Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit) Video Pres QUIZ Prac

• recognise and report hazards in the workplace

o • follow workplace safety procedures and directions

o

• adjust, use, clean and store PPE according to safe work procedures and manufacturer directions

o

• carry out basic safety checks on equipment before use

o

• identify and handle hazardous substances according to workplace procedures

o

• complete manual handling tasks using recommended technique

o

• follow emergency procedures and warning signs.

o

Skills to demonstrate

follow workplace procedures for hazard identification and risk control

observe safety during work operations o

read safety warning signs o

participate in arrangements for maintaining health and safety of all people in the workplace

recognise caution or hazard signs and symbols

o

interpret tasks or information from labels, manuals or written instructions

o

record information accurately or verbally report information o

use oral communication skills/language competence to fulfil the job role as specified by the organisation, including questioning, active listening, asking for clarification and seeking advice from supervisor

use numeracy skills to estimate, calculate and record routine workplace measures o

use interpersonal skills to relate to people from a range of social, cultural and ethnic backgrounds and with a range of physical and mental abilities.

Essential Knowledge

employee and employer responsibilities under the OHS Act

enterprise procedures relating to hazards, fires, emergencies, accidents and risk control o

OHS signs and symbols relevant to area of work. o



UNIT: AHCLSK205A Handle livestock using basic techniques (was RTE 2118A) KEY: OSH Environ Com

This unit covers the functions required to move, draft and control livestock using basic methods and procedures in an agricultural enterprise and defines the standard required to: prepare handling areas, gates and access routes for livestock movement; monitor and anticipate livestock behaviour; identify and draft livestock for handling operations; move and control livestock and minimise undue stress and risk to livestock and handlers.

Module 2: Handling Cattle in the Yard

Content Activities


1. P

rep

are

fo

r h

and

ling

live

sto

ck

1.1 Livestock handling areas, gates and access routes are identified, prepared and maintained according to enterprise requirements.

Q2 o

1.2 Livestock are located and identified for handling according to supervisor's instructions. Q8 o

1.3 Behavioural characteristics of livestock are observed, anticipated and appropriate handling methods selected. Q21-26 o

1.4 Handling equipment is selected, checked for soundness and prepared for use according to manufacturer's specifications and supervisor's instructions.

o

1.5 Hazards in the workplace are recognised and safety concerns reported. o

2. H

and

le li

vest

ock

2.1 Suitable PPE is selected, used and maintained according to OHS requirements. o

2.2 Procedures to control, draft and sort livestock are conducted with due care according to OHS and animal welfare requirements.

o

2.3 Restraint procedures are carried out safely and with minimum stress and discomfort to livestock according to OHS and animal welfare requirements.

o

2.4 Livestock behaviour is continually monitored and anticipated during moving and drafting processes to ensure wellbeing of livestock and safety of handlers.

o

2.5 Livestock count is conducted and recorded according to enterprise requirements. Q27-28 o

2.6 Environmental implications associated with livestock production are recognised and reported to the supervisor. Q17 o

3. C

om

ple

te h

and

ling

pro

ced

ure

3.1 Livestock handling operations are completed as instructed, and gates and access routes prepared for livestock departure according to enterprise requirements.

o

3.2 Handling areas and equipment are cleaned and maintained and surplus materials stored according to OHS and enterprise requirements.

o

3.3 Handling area maintenance requirements and equipment faults or malfunctions are detailed and reported according to enterprise requirements.

o

3.4 Livestock residues and waste are disposed of according to OHS and enterprise environmental practices. o

3.5 Relevant information is recorded and reported according to enterprise requirements. Q27-28 o



EVIDENCE GUIDE (Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit)

• prepare handling areas, gates and access routes for livestock movement Q2 o

• monitor and anticipate livestock behaviour Q21-26 o

• identify and draft livestock for handling operations Q8 o

• move and control livestock o

• minimise undue stress and risk to livestock and handlers. o


prepare handling areas, gates and access routes for livestock movement Q2 o

monitor and anticipate livestock behaviour Q21-26 o

identify and draft livestock for handling operations Q8 o

move and control livestock o

minimise undue stress and risk to livestock and handlers o

assess and calculate livestock numbers Q27-28 o

control environmental impacts associated with livestock production o

Essential Knowledge

livestock breeds and basic nutritional and welfare requirements o

livestock behavioural characteristics and movement in handling areas Q21-26 o

components and functions of handling equipment o

handling techniques and restraint methods Q21-26 o

enterprise livestock identification systems Q3 o

environmental codes of practice with regard to livestock production



UNIT: AHCLSK210A Muster and move livestock (was RTE 2115A) KEY: OSH Environ Com

This unit covers the process of working as part of a team to muster and move livestock and defines the standard required to: implement directions for mustering; monitor and anticipate livestock behaviour; muster and move livestock along prepared routes in a calm and controlled manner; monitor welfare of mustered stock.

Module 3: Muster and move cattle

Content Activities


1. P

rep

are

fo

r

mu

ste

r

1.1 Mustering requirements are identified and confirmed. o

1.2 Transport requirements are arranged and checked and confirmed for operation. 3.1 o

1.3 Additional information relevant to livestock movements is identified and accessed. o

1.4 Potential and existing hazards to health and safety are identified and safety concerns reported to the supervisor. o

2. C

arry

ou

t m

ust

er

2.1 Suitable PPE is selected, used and maintained according to OHS requirements. o

2.2 Livestock identified in the muster plan are located and aggregated in preparation for movement. o

2.3 Muster processes are conducted according to enterprise requirements. 3.2 o

3. M

ove

liv

est

ock

3.1 Livestock movement is conducted with minimal stress to livestock and without damage to person, property or environment. o

3.2 Livestock welfare is monitored and maintained during movement with adequate provision of rest, water and feeding points. o

3.3 Livestock are confined and pastured at destination, counted and recorded according to enterprise requirements. 3.3 3.4 o


• implement directions for mustering o

• monitor and anticipate livestock behaviour o

• muster and move livestock along prepared routes in a calm and controlled manner o

• monitor welfare of mustered stock o Skills to demonstrate

check yards before starting to muster 2.2 o

read and interpret muster plans and maps and implement directions for mustering o

arrange transport requirements according to muster plan o

prepare equipment and working dogs (when used) for handling livestock o

identify hazards and follow safe work procedures o

monitor and anticipate livestock behaviour and handle livestock safely and humanely o



Video Pres QUIZ 3 Prac

muster and move livestock along prepared routes with minimal stress to livestock and adequate provision of rest, water and feeding points o

monitor welfare of mustered stock and recognise abnormalities Q6 o

calculate livestock numbers and assess and calculate feed and water requirements 3.4 o

monitor and minimise impacts to the environment o

communicate effectively with the muster team o

Essential Knowledge

appropriate PPE

mustering and movement methods and techniques

livestock basic health and nutritional requirements

livestock herding/flocking behaviour

environmental codes of practice with regard to livestock production

relevant OHS and animal welfare legislative requirements

environmental impacts and procedures for mustering and moving livestock

regulatory controls with regard to handling livestock on public roads



UNIT: AHCINF202A Install, Maintain and Repair Fencing (was RTC 2209A) KEY: OSH Environ Com

This unit covers the process of installing, maintaining and repairing fencing and defines the standard required to: Select the appropriate materials and tools; erect fence; install gates and components; assess the fencing site for environmental impacts of the fence; undertake repairs, record work activities and clean up the fencing site; remove and dispose of, or recycle waste.

Module 4: Fencing on a Cattle Station

Content Activities


1. P

rep

are

fo

r fe

nci

ng

wo

rk

1.1. Appropriate tools and materials are selected in accordance with task requirements, manufacturer's guidelines and fence design

1.2. Faulty or unsafe tools are identified and put aside for repair or replacement

1.3. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) hazards are identified and safety concerns reported to the supervisor

1.4. Transport of fencing materials, tools and equipment to worksite is arranged

2. U

nd

ert

ake

fe

nce

inst

alla

tio

n

2.1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used and maintained according to procedures

2.2. Posts and stays are installed and secured in accordance with industry practice

2.3. Wire is strung and tensioned in accordance with manufacturer's guidelines and industry practice

2.4. Wire netting or other fencing materials are attached in accordance with manufacturer's guidelines and industry practice

2.5. Gates are positioned and attached and checked for correct operation

3. M

ain

tain

an

d r

ep

air

fen

cin

g

3.1. Faults or structural damage are identified and necessary repairs are carried out in accordance with industry practice and manufacturer's guidelines

3.2. Dismantling operations are carried out recovering re-useable materials

3.3. Further maintenance or repair works are identified and reported

3.4. Used fencing material is packed for reuse or disposed of according to enterprise procedures

4. C

om

ple

te

fen

cin

g w

ork

4.1. Work area is cleared and tidied and all non re-useable materials are disposed of in an environmentally responsible manner

4.2. Tools, personal protective equipment and re-useable materials are cleaned and stored

4.3. Work activities are recorded in accordance with industry practice



EVIDENCE GUIDE (Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit) Video Pres QUIZ Prac • select the appropriate materials and tools

• erect fence, install gates and components

• assess the fencing site for environmental impacts of the fence

• undertake repairs

• record work activities

• clean up the fencing site and remove and dispose of, or recycle, waste.


identify hazards and follow safe work practices

position fencing materials and tools for efficient use

use fencing hand tools and powered machinery safely and in accordance with manufacturer's guidelines

install fence posts, and stays, gates and components

tension fencing wire and netting in accordance with manufacturers guidelines

string, strain and tie off wires safely and efficiently

repair fencing

clean up the fencing site and remove and dispose of, or recycle waste.

record work activities

use numeracy skills to estimate, calculate and record routine workplace measures

work and communicate effectively as a team member

Essential Knowledge

common hazards involved in fencing installation, maintenance and repair

OHS and environmental legislation, codes of practice and enterprise procedures

designs and purpose of a range of conventional fencing

uses and types of fencing tools and equipment

wire types, knots, tensions applications and limitations

fencing materials manufacturers specifications and guidelines



UNIT: AHCWRK209A Participate in environmentally sustainable work practices (was xxx) KEY: OSH Environ Com

This unit covers efficient resource use; potential environmental hazards; regulatory compliance; improving environmental performance (within the scope of competency, authority and own level of responsibility). It addresses the knowledge, processes and techniques necessary to participate in environmentally sustainable work practices.

Content Activities


1.I

den

tify

cu

rre

nt

re

sou

rce

use

1.1 Identify workplace environmental and resource efficiency issues. o

1.2 Identify resources used in own work role. o

1.3 Measure and document current usage of resources using appropriate techniques. o

1.4 Record and file documentation measuring current usage, using technology (such as software systems) where applicable.

o

1.5. Identify and report workplace environmental hazards to appropriate personnel. o

2. C

om

ply

wit

h

en

viro

nm

en

tal

regu

lati

on

s 2.1. Follow workplace procedures to ensure compliance. o

2.2. Report breaches or potential breaches to appropriate personnel. o

3. S

eek

op

po

rtu

nit

ies

to im

pro

ve

reso

urc

e

eff

icie

ncy

3.1 Follow organisational plans to improve environmental practices and resource efficiency. o

3.2 Work as part of a team, where relevant, to identify possible areas for improvements to work practices in own work area.

o

3.3 Make suggestions for improvements to workplace practices in own work area.


• access, interpret and comply with a range of environment/sustainability legislation and procedural requirements relevant to daily responsibilities

• accurately follow organisational information to participate in and support an improved resource efficiency process and reporting as required

• develop and/or use tools such as inspection checklists, to collect and measure relevant information on organisation resource consumption, within work role

o

• identify organisational improvements by applying efficient resource use to daily activities o

• knowledge of environmental and resource hazards/risks.

Across Modules



Skills to demonstrate Video Pres QUIZ Prac

analytical skills to comply with all relevant legislation associated with job specifications and procedures

communication and problem-solving skills to question, seek clarification and make suggestions relating to work requirements and efficiency

communication and teamwork skills to recognise procedures; to follow instructions; to respond to change, such as current workplace environmental/sustainability frameworks; and to support team work and participation in a sustainable organisation

literacy, numeracy and technology skills to interpret workplace information in relation to work role, and to document and measure resource use

technology skills to select and use technology appropriate for a task

knowledge of environmental and resource hazards/risks.

Essential Knowledge

environmental and resource hazards/risks

environmental or sustainability legislation, regulations and codes of practice applicable to own work role

OHS issues and requirements

organisational structure, and reporting channels and procedures o

relevant environmental and resource efficiency systems and procedures

sustainability in the workplace

terms and conditions of employment including policies and procedures, such as daily tasks, employee and employer rights, equal opportunity.





e-Quizzes & Answers

e-QUIZ 1

MODULE 1 Working Safely at a Beef Cattle Station

DVD

(This quiz is on the last slide of the Module 1 eLearning presentation)

Introduction slide

1. Employers have a duty of care to ensure that employees are properly trained for the jobs that they do. TRUE or FALSE

2. It is each employee’s duty of care to report unsafe situations and injuries to their supervisor. TRUE or FALSE

3. Don't ask for help if everyone is very busy. It makes it difficult to get the work done. TRUE or FALSE It’s your duty of care to ask for help if you don’t know how to do something otherwise you

may be at risk of injury.

4. One of the main causes of accidental deaths on farms in Australia is:

tractors and quad-bikes

barbed wire fences

chemical sprays

5. The meaning of PPE is: Personal Privacy Enquiry Personal Protective Equipment Private Person’s Entry

6. Which of the following can reduce the risk of injury or death when riding an agricultural bike: wearing a hard hat or helmet checking your bike before riding it driving on paved or bitumen surfaces all of the above

7. Which statement is NOT correct? switch off electrical appliances at the power point before you pull out the plug disconnect broken appliances until fixed and don’t use frayed cords or broken power points connect many appliances to the same power point keep electrical cords off the floor to reduce the risk of damage turn off the power when maintaining electric fences

8. A hazardous substance can be any substance, liquid, solid, dust or gas that may cause you harm. TRUE or FALSE

9. A MSDS is a: Management Safety Design Strategy Maintenance Safety Development Sign Material Safety Data Sheet



10. You can use empty food or drinking containers to store chemicals. TRUE or FALSE

11. To lift a heavy load safely you must bend over keeping your legs straight. TRUE or FALSE You must bend your knees and keep your back as straight as possible.

12. A safe level of noise is 85 decibels. TRUE or FALSE A safe average level of noise is only 75 decibels

13 If your ears have been damaged by high noise levels from power tools and machinery, you will notice it as soon as it happens.

TRUE or FALSE It might seem like there is nothing wrong with your hearing but the damage is done over a number of years without you noticing it

14. Zoonoses are diseases that can spread from animals to people. TRUE or FALSE Zoonoses are diseases that can spread from animals to people through contact with blood,

saliva and urine

15. You need to hold a horse up short when going through a gate with it. TRUE or FALSE If you don’t hold the reins in correctly, if the horse gets a fright, it’ll jump and kick out and

you can get hurt.

16. The main thing with getting onto a horse is to always have the rein closest to you a little bit tighter than the one furthest from you.

TRUE or FALSE With the close rein tight, if the horse jumps forward, you can just pull the horse around with that tighter rein.

17. Which statement is NOT correct?

For heat stress you need to drink cool, not cold water

With heat stroke you sweat a lot With heat stroke you STOP sweating and have a high temperature

Heat stress hazards can occur through high temperatures

18. Which of these is NOT a way to reduce the risk of skin cancer?

wearing a wide brim hat and sunnies

wearing a white tee shirt as it does not absorb much heat

applying SPF30+ sunscreen after exposure to sunlight as well as on overcast days

working in shaded areas in the high-risk hours between 11am and 3pm

19. Noise levels from noisy machinery can be reduced. Choose ONE answer from the methods below:

enclosing the machinery in a sound absorbing box

keeping noisy machinery in good order so it operates efficiently

isolating it from employees not involved in its operation

all of the above

20. If your vehicle should break down while you’re working alone, you must stay with the vehicle. TRUE or FALSE

See also Practical Checklist 1_Safety for practical on-job activities to complete.



e-QUIZ 2

MODULE 2 Handling Cattle in the Yard

DVD


Prepare for handling cattle (Question Group 1)

1 Introduction side

2 Drag what you need to do when preparing the yard for each of the following:

Yard, pens, troughs and equipment keep clean and in good repair Gates and access routes keep clear of anything in the way that may cause injury Contaminants and toxic waste remove according to station rules Dust settle with water as needed

3 Match the word with the equipment shown in each picture for specific cattle marking jobs: (drop-down menu for each image)

a) Dehorner b) Tag applicator c) Ear marker d) Branding equipment

4 Match the word with the cattle restraint equipment shown in each picture: (drop-down menu for each image)

a) cattle crush b) calf cradle

5 Match the word with the equipment for controlling the movement of cattle through the yard shown in the pictures: (drop-down menu for each image)

a) loading ramp b) gate c) pen d) race

6 Which of these is NOT a cattle handling procedure? Drag your choice to the empty box (Word bank) marking weighing condition scoring dehorning pregnancy checking lactating

7 You need to watch out for weed seeds in animal manure. True or False Yes. Weed seeds in animal manure can become an environmental problem.



Identify and draft (Question Group 2)

8 Match the lines of cattle with the explanations: fat cow pregnant female

heifer young cow under 3 years old that has not yet had a calf

spayed heifer a young cow that has had ovaries removed and cannot have a calf

weaner a calf up to one year old no longer suckling from its mother

sale steer castrated male ready to be sold

mickey wild, young, unmarked bull

9 A weaner can be a male or a female calf True or False

10-15

Click on this animal’s ----- flank rump hind legs testicles barrel shoulder

16 Write the missing in the box below: If a calf seems sick, check its nose for dryness and its ears for a higher than normal body temperature.

Safety (Question Group 3)

17 Noxious weeds can be carried in fodder and in cattle dung TRUE or FALSE

18 Leptospirosis and Q Fever are cattle diseases which can be carried through contact with blood on equipment such as dehorners and vaccination needles.

TRUE or FALSE Yes. Leptospirosis and Q Fever are transmitted through contact with blood as well as saliva and urine.

19 You need to have your mobile phone with you in the yard when working with cattle. TRUE or FALSE Yes. Don’t take your mobile phone or ipod to the yard- it can be a hazard if it distracts you or

upsets cattle.

20 When working in the yards with livestock you should watch for your own health and safety: a) Make sure you have enough sleep b) Eat healthy foods at the right time c) Drink plenty of water, but don’t drink water from water troughs d) No drugs and alcohol e) Dress correctly for safety and temperature and avoid jewellery where possible f) Be aware of what’s going on around you at all times g) All of the above

Move and control cattle (Question Group 4)

21 In the yards we don’t always need to watch the ‘body language’ of the cattle. TRUE or FALSE We must always watch the ‘body language’ of the cattle because, if they become frightened,

they will try to escape.

22

Cattle can feel threatened by: A handler standing too close Sudden movements Loud noises Jamming the cattle too tightly Keeping an animal alone in a yard

All of the above

23 You need to stand in front of cattle to show them where to go. TRUE or FALSE Yes. Standing in front of them will distress the cattle and they will try to run away.

24

There are a number of things that make cattle stop or baulk. Which of the following will NOT cause an animal to baulk:

dead ends in a race humans or dogs in the way flapping clothes or sacking moving into bright light, sun or shadows



certain smells, such as blood on the ground from dehorning or castrating the movement of other cattle

25 Being hungry can make cattle flighty. TRUE or FALSE

26 Low stress stock handling is basically just walking cattle very quietly in a steady manner with an understanding of the psychology of the animal.

TRUE or FALSE

27 When working with cattle, needs to be reported? There is only ONE answer

• cattle numbers • details of cattle treatments • weight and condition scoring • any abnormalities that you have seen • all of the above

28 You can report in writing and also verbally to your supervisor. TRUE or FALSE

See also Practical Checklist 2_Handling for practical on-job activities to complete.



e-QUIZ 3

MODULE 3 Mustering and Moving Cattle

DVD


Preparation for muster (Question Group 1)

1 QUIZ Introduction

2

To become a good stockman, you need to pay special attention to three things when working with cattle. For each sentence below, click on the menu and choose the correct word:

To limit physical and mental stress on the animals To give animals time to do the right thing Constant improvement

3

Mustering of cattle in Northern Australia is usually with horses, motorbikes, helicopters and coacher mustering but never a combination of these techniques. True/False Mustering of cattle can be done with horses, motorbikes, helicopters, coacher mustering and maybe some techniques together.

4

What must you check before putting stock in a yard. Choose ONE answer: water supply that there is nothing to hurt livestock or man that all gates are working for anything lying on ground that all rails are secure all of the above

5

Click on the three things in the list below which might impact on the environment during a muster: Dust Erosion Spread of weeds/disease Weather

6

Here is a list of signs of abnormality or sickness that you need to watch out for in cattle before mustering. But ONE observation below is NOT abnormal. Find it and drag it into the empty box.

unusual walk lameness cut or sores runny nose dry nose sore eye wet coat

Cattle Behaviour (Question Group 2)

7

Flight zone(hotspot) Click on the blind spot area where an animal can become agitated because it cannot see you.

8 If the animal is on its own, away from the safety of the herd, the animal’s flight zone may be bigger True/False



9

Hotspot questions: There are three directions from which to move an animal – in the DRIFT, PUSH OVER and PUSH FORWARD sections.

a) Now click on the drift section outside the flight zone, where you need to walk or ride to keep the animal moving forward in the same direction.

10 b) Click on the push over area of the animal’s flight zone that you need to work to turn the animal

away from you

11 c) Click on the push forward area of the animal’s flight zone that you need to work to push the animal

forward

12

Read the statements below that explain some instincts of cattle.

Click on the drop-down menu to choose the missing word for each statement. Cattle want to move in the direction they are facing. Herding animals usually want to follow each other. They want to see what is pressuring them. They want pressure to be released.

Mustering (Question Group 3)

13 Click on the best mob shape when walking cattle.

14- 16

Mob makeup: a) Click on the lead section of this mob of cattle. b) Click on the wing section of this herd of cattle. c) Click on the tail section of this mob of cattle.

17-21

Riding positions: a) Click on the horseman in the tail point riding position where we work

to keep the main bulk of the mob in place. b) Click on the horseman in the lead riding position where the head

stockman or leading hand generally works with the stronger animals to lead the mob.

c) Click on the horseman in the tail riding position of this mob of cattle where we work with the slower animals, and stragglers to keep the mob going.

d) Click on the horseman in the wing riding position where we work to prevent any cattle from the bulk of the mob from spreading out too far

e) Click on the horseman in the lead point position where we work to keep the lead straight.

22

Which of these statements is NOT true when holding cattle: When slowing or holding cattle horsemen need to move to and with the lead animal until settled. Tail riders must apply pressure. Yes. This is not true - tail riders must NOT apply pressure when holding cattle. Once settled, horsemen must spread evenly around the mob.

Mustering (Question Group 4)

23 Extra pressure may need to be on the tail of a mob of cows and calves, if cows think their calf is still back where the mob started from. True/False Yes, pressure is needed on the tail if some cows are trying to turn back to find their calf.

24 You should you chase calves and weaners when they break. True/False They don’t understand how to take pressure which will upset them. They will generally come back if left alone.

25 You should you stay on your horse at all times when holding cattle. True/False Although a mob may be quiet, they may spook and take flight. Particularly with flighty cattle and when big cleanskins are in the mob

26 When holding the mob, you all need to keep evenly spread out. True/False Don’t move up to the bloke next to you to talk. This only creates more work for others as the cattle may see a big open space to escape.

27 You can change positions with someone else if you feel like it. True/False You must always go back to your position.



28 When a beast breaks from the mob you should take it forward or block it. True/False If you chase and “throw” the beast, it is a lot of trouble to stop a (large) mob, turn it round and go back to pick up your animal.

29 If cattle need to be brought in, only one horseman is needed True/False No, you need two horsemen to make their way quietly around the cattle and to work them back into the mob.

30 Don’t let the slow animals slow the mob down. True/False The speed of the herd must be that of the slowest beast.

31 When moving cattle through gates and into the yard or paddock you should apply a lot of pressure to the cattle to get them going. True/False Many a mob has been lost at the yard gate because of too much pressure applied to the animals.

32

Drag the correct word to each of the following explanations:

Horsemen chasing an animal from both sides Quiet cattle often used to lead wilder ones Holding the mob until calves and their mothers have found each other

“chinamans lane” or “laning” “coaches” “mother up”

Mustering Safety (Question Group5)

33 It’s easy to get lost during a muster where there are not many landmarks.

True/False Always watch where you are going.

34

If you become lost/disoriented while mustering you should get off your horse to look around True/False

No. If your horse pulls away, you could be in worse trouble. If you stay on the horse, it knows the way home better than you and may take you there.

35 If you find a fence line or road, don’t stop. It’s better to keep going.

True/False No, It's better to STAY there - we are sure to come along in time.

36

What must you remember if you are required to work close to a helicopter? Always be aware of where the helicopter is Be aware your horse may shy Don’t ride in behind the helicopter All of the above

37

What do you need to watch for to prevent your horse from falling in a muster? logs & ant beds rocks and holes branches of trees all of the above

End of the muster (Question Group 6)

38

Click on the four main things that need to be done at the end of a muster: Watering Mothering up Holding cattle till settled Counting and reporting Checking fuel of vehicles

39

Why do we need to hold cows & calves until settled and mothered up? Click on the TWO correct answers: Cows may jog back from where you have just come from looking for their calf. Cows may walk off and leave their calf. Calves are very tired

40 It’s important to record total stock numbers accurately on arrival to make sure that no cattle have been left behind during the muster.

True/False

See also Practical Checklist 3_Mustering for practical on-job activities to complete.



e-QUIZ 4

MODULE 4 Fencing at a Beef Cattle Station


Question Group 1

1 Intro slide

2 Choose the three main reasons why we use fencing (Multiple choice) • Keep the animals comfortable • Keep animals separate of different age, sex, breed etc. • Control disease and parasites • Help manage cattle during branding, weaning etc. • Protect the land by allowing balanced grazing of paddocks to prevent spoiling or degradation of the

land

3 Here are the main items you would need to protect yourself from injury when doing a fencing job. In the drop down menu click on the correct item: (Drop down menu)

to protect your head from the sun hat

to protect you from getting cuts or scratches on your hands gloves

to protect your feet from injury from dropping a post or piece of equipment work boots

to protect your eyes from the sun and any injuries sunnies

to prevent cuts and scratches on your legs jeans

4 Click below on the four pressure points where fences need to be extra strong: Watering holes Gates Corners Loading ramps Yards Roads

5 What must you do about broken or faulty tools?

*do not use them *report to boss *if repairable fix them All of the above

Question Group 2

6 Drag the correct labels to the different parts of a fence Strainer (or end post) Stay Picket Dropper End assembly

7 The strainers (or end posts) only need to go 1 foot in the ground when you use concrete. True/False False. The strainers (or end posts) need to go a good 3 foot (about a metre) in the ground, with concrete, to ensure that the fence is strong.

8 Cows like to walk fence lines and this can cause soil erosion. True/False

Question Group 3



9-16

Here are 8 TOOLS you would need to start a new fence.

Q: Click on the …… below:

strainers pliers crow bar shovel axe big hammer post driver (dolly) posthole digger

17-24

Here are 8 MATERIALS you would need to start a new fence.

Q: Click on the ………. below: pickets end posts (strainers) droppers wire ties pipe for rails cement sand and gravel water

Question Group 4

25 High tensile barbed wire is strong, but may snap when it gets hot True/False

26 The thickest wire gauge is: 12 14 8

27 When straining wire on a hot day, you must apply less tension. True/False True. If you apply too much tension, the wire may snap when the temperature becomes colder

28 The double-loop knot is stronger than the figure-eight knot

True/False False. The double-loop knot is easy to tie, but it is also quite a weak knot.

29 Here are steps to install a new fence. Drag the steps into the correct order: 1. Clear the fence line. A bulldozer may be needed for this. 2. Level the fence line off 3. Dig holes for posts/strainer posts 4. Install end assemblies, stays and in-line strainers 5. Put in pickets using the dolly to drive them in 6. Hang and strain the wire with a strainer. You need to string, strain and tie off wires safely and

efficiently 7. Put in droppers

30 Q: What will you do with the off-cuts and left over material when the fence is finished?

See also Practical Checklist 4_Fencing for practical on-job activities to complete.



PRACTICAL CHECKLISTS

The eLearning modules need to be used together with the following Practical CHECKLISTS to support an adequate blend of learning that encourages face-to-face discussion and on-job mentoring.

The four CHECKLISTS cover performance criteria and essential skills that need to be learned and assessed on the job under supervision:

CHECKLIST 1: Safety

CHECKLIST 2: Handling Cattle

CHECKLIST 3: Mustering

CHECKLIST 4: Fencing

The learner needs to have their supervisor date and initial after he/she has completed each section in the Checklist.

The Checklist needs to be signed on completion to confirm that the learner has done everything according to their workplace requirements.



Practical CHECKLIST 1: Safety Name: _____________________

Date: _______ Location: ___________________

Ask your supervisor to write the date and his/her initials after you complete each section in the Checklist. Then ask them to sign at the end to confirm that you have done everything according to your workplace requirements.

Tick the Yes or No boxes to show what you have discussed with your supervisor about working safely at the station. (Write N/A (Not Applicable) if you did not need to do any of the listed procedures)

Date &

Initials

1 Can read the safety warning signs at work. Yes No

2 Can interpret tasks or information from labels, manuals or written instructions. Yes No

3 Can write or verbally report information as required. Yes No

4 Can estimate and count cattle as needed Yes No

5 Can record cattle numbers and other routine data as needed Yes No

Show what you have done to your supervisor’s satisfaction at your workplace:

6 Attended required safety training at the station. Yes No

7 Demonstrated duty of care while working at the station and have followed workplace safety procedures and directions as required. Yes No

8 Adjusted, used, cleaned and stored PPE appropriately. Yes No

9 Carried out basic safety checks on station equipment before use. Yes No

10 Recognised and reported hazards at work. Yes No

11 Manually handles heavy loads safely. Yes No

12 Identified and handled hazardous substances according to workplace procedures Yes No

13 Explained what the procedures are in the event of a fire Yes No

14 Attached a copy of the emergency evacuation procedure and explained who would give the instruction to evacuate and the location you would evacuate to. Yes No

15 Named the first aid officers and identified the location of first aid kits Yes No

16 Identified the types of any fire fighting equipment and who is to use them in the event of a fire.

Yes No

17 Contributed to working out improved practices that minimise risk at work. Yes No

Signed off at work by supervisor: Name: …………………………………………………… Signature: ……………………………………… Date: ………………



Practical CHECKLIST 2: Handling Cattle Name: ________________

Date: _______ Location: ___________________


Write the information and tick the Yes or No boxes to show what you discussed with your supervisor and did to PREPARE for handling cattle.

(Write N/A (Not Applicable) if you did not need to do any of the listed procedures)

Date &

Initials

1 Discussed with supervisor what you had to do as part of the team. Yes No

2 Checked what to do in case of bad weather or emergency Yes No

3 Demonstrated an understanding of yard map and the cattle moving plan. Yes No

4 Helped to check machinery, tools and equipment needed for the day. Yes No

5 Identified handling areas, gates and access routes and helped to prepare the yard

for handling Yes No

6 Reported any faulty equipment Yes No

7

Checked vehicle/s and recorded all of the following:

Cooling system Battery Tyres Fuel Air filters Starting system

Oil Leads Safety guards Filters Wheels

Yes No

8 Identified cattle to be moved Yes No

9 Checked for any abnormalities in cattle to be moved Yes No

10 Identified possible hazards while handling cattle in the yard and discussed safe handling procedures

Yes No

Show what you did when you were part of the team handling the cattle in the yard

11 Wore correct personal protective equipment (PPE) Yes No

12 Understood and followed instructions and worked well as part of the handling team

Yes No

13 Used handling and restraint equipment safely and with minimum force Yes No

14 Allowed time for cattle to do required movement Yes No

15 Thought about and reduced any risks to yourself and animals during handling Yes No

16 Carefully watched ‘body language’ of cattle Yes No

17 Used positive and calming techniques when handling animals to ensure their safety and wellbeing

Yes No

18 Assisted to check and clean handling areas and dispose of waste as required Yes No

19

Reported and helped to reduce any environmental risks Dust Hazardous substances Disposal of waste

Yes No

20 Assisted to check, clean and store handling equipment Yes No

21 Reported any damage or faulty equipment Yes No

22 Helped to report the following as required:

Cattle numbers Weight and condition scoring Details of treatments Any observed abnormalities

Yes No




Practical CHECKLIST 3: Mustering Name: ___________________

Date: __________ Location: ___________________


Write the information and tick the Yes or No boxes to show what you discussed with your supervisor to PREPARE for mustering and moving cattle. (Write N/A (Not Applicable) if you did not need to do any of the listed procedures)

Date &

Initials

1 Was on time for work Yes No

2

Checked and explained the muster plan for the day Water and food Helicopter times

Route on maps Emergency procedures

Cattle type/s to be mustered Discussed your role with your supervisor

Head stockman

Have attached a copy of the muster plan and map to this checklist (Write and attach notes and map for the day if plan was given verbally)

Yes No

3

Checked yard for safety and reported hazards Checked the waters Made sure there is nothing to hurt livestock or man Checked that all the gates are working properly Checked for anything laying on ground Checked that all rails are secure

Yes No

4

Wore appropriate PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) as required Sunblock Sunglasses 5 litre water bottle (and saddle bag to carry water) Wide brim on helmet/hat Long-sleeved shirts buttoned to the neck/collars up Sturdy boots (smooth soles when riding horses)

Yes No

5 Identified hazards involved in the muster and decided what precautions to take Yes No

6 Checked cattle for abnormalities or sickness Yes No

7 Helped to identify, check and prepare vehicles to be used for mustering Yes No

8 Explained safe operation of machinery and equipment being used Yes No

Show what you did when you were part of a mustering team.

9 Assisted to locate cattle identified in the muster plan Yes No

10 Monitored and demonstrated ability to anticipate cattle behaviour Yes No

11 Assisted to move cattle safely and carefully with minimal stress Yes No

12 Assisted with muster processes as directed according to the muster plan and station requirements Yes No

13

Demonstrated ability to apply mustering techniques as required:

Riding positions Holding the mob Bringing cattle into a moving mob

Breakaways Blocking cattle in flight

Yes No

14 Assisted to move cattle without damage to person, property or environment Yes No

15 Assisted to rest and water the cattle as needed during muster Yes No

16 Assisted with mothering and holding cattle at destination area. Yes No

17 Counted cattle on arrival and recorded details Yes No

18 Communicated well with other members of the muster team. Followed verbal instructions and reported any problems Yes No

19 Maintained Logbook for all musters attended. Logbook attached Yes No

Signed off at work by supervisor:

Name: …………………………………………………… Signature: ……………………………………… Date: ………………



LOGBOOK - Mustering and Moving Cattle

Day, date and location:

What could go wrong with the muster and ways to deal with these risks

What DID go wrong during the muster and what was done.

Vehicles used during muster (eg motorbike, 4 X 4, horse etc.)

Stock type

Number of stock at start

Number of stock on arrival

Any livestock abnormalities (eg sick animals)

Any abnormal livestock behaviour (eg stragglers, unusual agitation)

Protective clothing used

Environmental dangers noticed during the muster and moving of cattle

What was done to avoid environmental impacts during the muster



Practical CHECKLIST 4: Fencing Name: _____________________

Date: _______ Location: ___________________

Complete this checklist when you have done some supervised fencing jobs. Write the date when you complete each section in the Checklist. Finally ask your supervisor to sign to confirm that you have done everything according to your workplace requirements.

Write the information and tick the Yes or No boxes to show what you discussed with your supervisor to PREPARE for fencing work. (Write N/A (Not Applicable) if you did not need to do any of the listed procedures)

Date

1 Type of cattle: Bulls (need strong fence) Weaners (need strong fence) Heifers …………………… …………………………. …………………………

2 Identified location of fence: Internal fence OR Boundary fence

3 Type of fence:

4 Type of wire:

5 Cost of fence:

6 Planned to transport fencing materials and tools

7 Type of land: Creeks Soil that will erode easily Bushland Hilly (fences should follow contour lines rather than going up and down hills to

reduce erosion- cows like to walk fence lines)

8 Will cattle have easy access to water? Yes No

9 Will there be easy movement of stock and road access? Yes No

10 Will the fence cause environmental problems? Yes No

11 Will the fence have to withstand floods? Yes No

12 Will the fence have to withstand fire? Yes No

13 Pressure points are extra strong (e.g. watering holes, gateways, corners and loading ramps)

Checked Yes No

Tick the Yes or No boxes below to show what you did when you were INSTALLING/REPAIRING a fence. (Tick N/A if you did not need to do any of the listed procedures)

Date

14 Identified faults in a fence in need of repair Yes No N/A

15 Talked with supervisor / workers about safety issues Yes No N/A

16 Talked with supervisor / workers and worked to a plan Yes No N/A

17 Wore appropriate protective clothing Yes No N/A

18 Worked safely with tools and equipment Yes No N/A

19 Installed a fence (with gates) correctly with appropriate tools and materials Yes No N/A

20 Repaired a fence correctly with appropriate tools and materials Yes No N/A

21 Showed different types of wire and knots, gate types and tensions Yes No N/A

22 Dismantled a fence for disposal Yes No N/A

23 Cleared and tidied work area and disposed of non re-useable materials in an environmentally responsible way Yes No N/A

24 Cleaned and stored tools, personal protective equipment and re-usable materials Yes No N/A

25 Calculated fencing materials and planned maintenance schedule. Yes No N/A

26 Recorded as required at your workplace Yes No N/A






TRANSCRIPTS AND GLOSSARY

The total duration of the twenty-two video clips is approximately 40 minutes. These Transcripts can be used by the learner in the following ways:

To help the learner to read along with the talking in the videos;

To build the learner’s skills for listening to Australian people talking English;

To help to find answers for the Quizzes

To learn new words for communicating and reporting at work.

Vocabulary Exercise:

In the list at the end of these Transcripts, is a list of all the highlighted words. The learner can look up and write down the meaning of the words in the list (in their own language if English is not their first language).

The learner can also add any other words that are new for them.

NOTE:

Most of the highlighted words are also in the Glossary tab at the top of the screen in each module, with lots more words and the meanings.



MODULE 1: Working Safely at a Beef Cattle Station

Video Clip 1.1

Hind Legs

0:41 mins

Wayne: The other thing we can sort of show you a thing about is picking

up hind legs up. The main thing with picking hind legs up is…. specially

because this horse will kick a little bit because it’s a bit touchy… is to get

your hands in the right place and the reins. The main thing is to get the

hand on the hip. See how that horse is ready to kick? But if something

happens, she’s got the head pulled around and hand on the hip. If

something happens, she can pull the head and push hip at the same time

and the horse will get away from her. She might get a little kick, but

nothing major. But if she hasn’t got her hand there and that horse just

jumps forward and kicks, it’ll just kick her in the guts and it’ll flatten her.

Video Clip 1.2

Jumping the Fence

0:58 mins

Chris: Another safety issue is if a cow comes out of the mob and is chasing

you, and she’s pretty serious to do some damage to you. A lot of people get

hurt because they do a couple of things:

One is they’re not serious enough.. they don’t think the cow is serious

enough so they come here and they don’t have a proper attempt at getting

over the fence. So what they do is they come in here and they only come to

about here. The cow comes in and smacks them against the rail and this is

what does all the damage – not the cow, it’s the rails. Okay? So if you’ve got

to get up a fence, don’t muck around, come in and get right up the top and

get your legs out of the road like that. The cow can hit the fence but you’re

pretty safe and you can jump out of the road. So that’s where a lot of people

get hurt. They run and don’t get up the fence. They just think they’re safe

down there and get hurt.

Video Clip 1.3

Wayne: What we’re going to demonstrate here is what can happen if you

don’t hold the horse properly leading him through a gate. If we can get



Leading a Horse

1:21 mins

Shelby to lead him through the gate first… the wrong way….. Pbbbh!

See how that horse jumped? It could have jumped straight past and kicked

because of where she was holding the reins; it could have jumped straight

past her and kicked her fair in the guts.

And this is what happens if you do it the proper way – hold a horse up

short…. Pbbbh! See how the horse could come straight round and there’s no

hope of you getting kicked in the guts because she’s got hold of the reins in

the right place. I’ve seen a lot of people just dawdling through a gate and all

that happens is that dog could walk up behind that horse and frighten the

living daylight out of it. You know you could have the quietest horse in the

world, but it’ll jump past and if it gets a fright, it will kick out, you know. It

might only be kicking of the dog, but you’re there. That’s a fair bit of power

coming from one of them. People get ribs broken and if they get kicked

higher up, they get kicked in the face they get broken jaws and all sorts of

things, you know…

The right way is to have it up short, so that you can pull the horses head

around towards you and the wrong way is Like if you get a horse up here

short, something happens, you can just pull that horse’s head around. But if

it’s up there and you to pull… nothing happens. And if you do pull it, it’s up

there first, then it just goes wop!

Video Clip 1.4

Locking Yard Gates

1:02 mins

Chris: One of the main jobs you do in a cattle yard you do a hundred times a

day…...is close a gate. So, you’ve just got a basic gate here with a chain on it

and I’ll just show you the safe way to chain it. Don’t just bring the chain

around and just throw it over like that – and a lot of people do that. They just

think, yep… that’s going to be safe, but, as you can see, it’s got a lot of play in

it – the cow can get his head stuck in here and a cow will try to crawl out and

get jammed. Um, and you’ve got a lame animal and you’ve got some trouble.

So, the best thing to do with a chain is go under these two rails, around

again, keep it nice and tight, keep going around and under, then come over

the top. And that’s a safe way of doing it.

Video Clip 1.5

Mounting a Horse

Wayne: The main thing with getting on is always have this rein a little bit

tighter than the other one. Then put your foot in the iron, and get this knee

in here so that you can push away on it, then go up with a straight leg and



0:38 mins

straight on. That way, if that horse had jumped forward, with that rein a little

bit tight like that, if it jumps forward, it’s the same principle as everything

with horses – if something happens, you just pull that rein around and that

horse will go around there and you won’t get kicked or if a horse starts to

buck or something, you just pull it round and wait again and start to get back

on it.

MODULE 2: Handling Cattle in the Yard

Video Clip 2.1

Yard Preparation

and Maintenance

2:50 mins

Wayne: Before you put cattle in the yard, you should always come and

check the yard and make sure everything’s up to scratch like there’s no

protruding objects, or gates that are got broken hinges or things like that. So

what you do is you come into the yard, go for a walk right round the yard,

check everything like check your chains, make sure they’re welded on

properly, and there’re no cracks in the welding, and your hinges on all your

gates – make sure that the weld on the back is good so that if a cow hits it,

it’s not going to end up on top of you. So you just go for a walk – walk all

round your yard. Check your sliding gates to make sure they’re greased up.

See this one – it’s very tight so they need to put some oil along the top so

that it works good because if the cow goes to go in , then you’ve got to

block it, you’re not going to be able to block it and the cow hits it, it’ll bang it

back, slam it into you and you can get hurt. So just be very careful. Then you

just keep walking around and checking things. Then you see something like

this – this piece of wire sticking out like this. You know, if a cow comes up

and runs into that, then bang, straight into the eye, you know, so you’ve got

to either do it up properly and push it out, the best thing’s to get a pair of

pliers, cut it off and tuck it in. And check to see there’s no big rocks like,

you know, rocks like this. Someone could trip, like if a cow was chasing



them, or charging them (something like that) and they went to run away,

they could fall over that. So just walk in your yard and chuck all your rocks

out. Then other things like these sticks and that here – you, know they’re

very dangerous. Don’t try and make a big mess outside, just throw it outside

so people can pick it up later and take it away.

It’s a good thing to be able to, you know, if you’ve got a yard and it’s out in

the open spaces, to plant some trees – a little bit of breeze makes it a cooler

working area. That’s one thing kids have got to remember is that, um, if you

plant some trees, to go and water them and keep them going like this yard

here is a beautiful yard because it’s got trees everywhere - all out the back

yard here there’s trees there. The cows can stand in the cool. Some of them

have probably come 20ks before they get here - it’s a good place for them to

go back to the yard - give them an hour or so spell before you do anything

and then they’re all cooled off.

Another thing that’s fairly helpful is sprinklers. And it makes the ground no

dust and the cattle don’t get a gut full of dust and get half crook specially

when a lot of these yards these days have got hay in them and the hay when

it’s dry is very dusty and it’s not good for....you see cattle running round

with snotty noses and it’s because they haven’t no water. Water as far as

I’m concerned is one of the main things, if it’s at all possible, to have in yards

it gets rid of the dust and it keeps the working area cool. As I say, if anything

that helpful to keep the cattle cool, it keeps people cool and saves

accidents.

Video Clip 2.2

Cleaning Water Troughs

1:38 mins

Don: Another important part of station maintenance is the cleanliness of the

troughs. The trough is for watering stock um, easy access to the side of it.

And the cattle in this paddock will know that this’s a reliable source of water

here and that’s why we have to maintain this trough and keep it clean and

keep it in good condition. As you can see this trough‘s full of gum leaves and

various other matter – bird feathers and sometimes you may have a dead

bird in there and cows like to drink clean water. So we always carry a trough

broom, unscrew the bung at the end of the trough, lock the float off and

when the water goes down a bit, we can give the trough a good scrub.



The water’s delivered from that tank through a pipeline under the ground.

Another important part if you see a wet patch over there somewhere there’s

possibly a hole somewhere on the line.

We’ll check this float valve in a minute once we let it go and make sure it’s

running freely and shutting off and that’ll flush out clean.

There the obvious thing to look for is good flow here at the float valve. If

that was just trickling out, you’ve got a problem: either your tank’s empty or

there’s a blockage in your line to your trough.

And we try and keep that part of the trough covered with a cage or a door so

the stock can’t get in and damage that.

Video Clip 2.3

Marking Cattle

1:44 mins

Danny: Here you can see we’ve got all our equipment here for doing the

head. These are called tags – identification tags for the station. The

hormonal growth promotant we put in all the steers. That’s your applicator

for your tags. This is a NLIS tag which is an electronic tag which nowadays

everything has to have one when it goes off the property. You load it up like

that – ready to go. Hygiene’s a big thing. You want to keep everything clean

so no infections. This is your earmarking pliers. This is what every property

has an earmark. And this is what we use. This is our earmark. And this is your

mark for your hormonal growth promotant so that you know that that

animal’s has had HGP put in their ear. By law you have to use it. You have to

put it in. We’ll go through the head - what happens with the male calf – they

get a few extra things compared to a female. Cassie will earmark it. This is a

bull calf and Dan will cut it and turn it into a steer. And Cassie gives them a

hormonal growth promotant which helps them gain weight. She puts it in

the ear nice and gently. It goes just under the skin. Pushes the thing, that’s it

and makes sure it stays in the ear. Then next they get an electronic tag.

That’s for identification for when we sell them. They have to have one. And

then she puts the HGP earmark in their ear which you have to do. Every time

you put a HGP in you have to put that earmark in. Then make sure it’s out –

the hole – then people know it’s had a HGP. And the job’s done.



Video Clip 2.4

Branding Cattle

1:44 mins

Danny: Dan’s pushing a calf up – a heifer calf. She’s been taken off her

mother so we can brand it for identification. They catch it, roll the calf

over....in the branding position. Dan’s got hold of it. Nice neat brands. And

the reason we brand them is for identification so that other people know

that they’re our cattle. Every property has an individual brand and people

know that animal belongs to that property and we also number brand for

age when they were born and how old the actual animal is. So especially the

heifers, for later one when the cows get to a certain age, we spay them and

cull them on age and that’s the reason you brand. If a calf in the lead, Cassie

will push it up. It’s very important you catch them properly because if you

miss them you’ve got to go and catch them by hand.

You see the brand there, nice and neat? Dan’s done another slick job there.

It’s all nice and square and neat and you can read it. That’s the big thing – to

be able to read it. Sometimes if you smudge it, like do it too fast, the calf

moves or something, it’ll smudge and you can’t identify it properly.

Safety-wise, keep an eye on your fire. Look that’s hot. So always watch out

for that. Sometimes you’ve got to be careful calves will come out of the

cradle the wrong way, and they’ll run back and they’ll knock the branding

fire over and just simple little things you’ve got to watch out for – getting

kicked. These little calves they look cute and everything, but by Jesus they

can kick! And you can get your fingers sometimes jammed with the cradle.

The calf when you’re earmarking it will throw it’s head around and you’ll

jam your fingers. So you just got to be careful and just take your time. As you

get more experienced, you’ll get better at it. That’s the big thing. It’s not a

race. We teach everyone how to do it and you just take … you know,

everyone starts off slow, everyone got to start somewhere and we all did.

So you just start off slow and steady and you’ll get better and better at it.

But the big thing is neatness as well. Earmark and brands have to be neat so

they’re easily identifiable. Everyone’s… it’s just presentation is a big thing.

Video Clip 2.5

Drafting Cattle

Wayne: Drafting means dividing cattle into different lines. Well like when

you muster cattle, everything comes in and they’re all different types of

cattle like there’s the big cows, the little calves, the weaners, bulls, steers



1:29 mins

and when they bring them into the yard, they’ve got to shift them into

different types.

The smaller ones - that’s a calf - they draft them off and goes into the calf

pen to be branded and castrated where the little fellows are only probably

anywhere from a week or two months old or three months old. They’re the

younger ones and stay with their mothers.

The weaner ones are a little bit bigger, like they’re probably anywhere from

3 to 6 months old. They’re the ones coming off their mothers. They’re big

enough and ugly enough to look after themselves so they leave their

mothers and become weaners. They’ll be trucked up….put on the truck later

and be taken back to the station.

These are cows that have calves. They’re all the bush cattle. Some of these

cows will be old cows and Jamie, when they get up the race a bit, he will spay

them so that they get fat so he can get some resale value for them.

Normally these big fat ones – they’ll preg test them and if they’re not in calf,

they will sell them. It’s no good having a cow that doesn’t have a calf every

year, at least every second year.

Like now, that’s a bush cow. She’ll come up the race here. I’d say Jamie will

more than likely spay her because she very old and skinny. By the time she

comes back next year, she’ll be big and fat and he’ll sell her as a ‘fat cow’.

Video Clip 2.6

Closing Yard Gates

1:16 mins

Wayne: I try to tell everybody – if you’ve got a gate open, the cattle have

gone through, like they’d be coming down there and they go through, and

you push the gate shut, the best thing is to try and stand to the side of the

gate as much as possible, run in, shut your gate and what people do - I see a

lot of people do nowadays is they stand down and they put their foot on the

gate. Then they go for the chain, but, you know, it’s alright if the beast is only

a hundred kilos, you might hold it with your foot, but if that’s a four or five

hundred kilo bull, he comes charging back and hits that gate. You’re standing

here, the gate hits you – bang! – over the top, you’re on the ground. The bull

jumps over the top of you as well as the gate! And you will get hurt bad,

really bad. I’ve seen people – broken ribs, broken jaws, tops taken off their

heads, all sorts of things. It’s very dangerous. So the best way to do this – put



your cattle in, push the gate shut, step to the side as quick as possible, grab

the chain, put it on. And that way, if something hits the gate, the only thing

that will get hit is, as it goes past, it might hit your arm. But an arm’s a lot

easier to heal than your ribs or your head!

Video Clip 2.7

Pressure Points

1:28 mins

Chris: So what I want to do is just teach you the basics of where the pressure

points are in the beast and how to get them to move, how to get them to

stop and how to get them to turn. So what I’ll do with this little fellow –

you’ll see just in front of his back leg, his hip bone, if you put your pressure

back around his hind end, he’ll move forward.

If you want him to keep going straight, you’ll move forward with him and if

you want him to stop, you just go up towards his shoulder in front. That’s put

pressure in front like a set of brakes and it tells him to stop. So, what I’ll do is

walk in here to his hips and he’ll start walking forward. …… and I’ll just walk

along with him. If I want him to keep going forward, I just go back behind his

hips, put a bit of pressure in here. Just keep applying the pressure until he

moves and then he’ll walk off and then I’ll just walk with him. He stops; I’ll

put more pressure on and then walk him off.

If I want him to stop, I just come up in front of his shoulder and he’s turned

back. He’s felt that. So if I want him to stop, I just come up in front of him on

his shoulder….. and he stops.

Video Clip 2.8

Low Stress Handling

3:42 mins

Jamie: The principles of low stress stock handling is just .. is basically just

walking cattle very quietly in a steady manner and sort of understanding the

psychology of the animal.

Cattle have flight zones, so if you’re inside an animal’s flight zone, obviously

they fly away from you. And if you’re outside their flight zone, they’ll sort of

look at you and they invite you into their flight zone. And so you come in, but

you never, never actually approach them straight on. You should always

come in that manner because we’re predators. Humans are predators like

cats and lions. We’ve got our eyes in the front of our faces like a cat or a lion.

Whereas these are flight animals – their eyes are on the side of their head.

So if we approach them in a natural...instinctively, we approach as a predator

and these guys read that straight away – that we’re approaching as a



predator. So that just sends them (crazy). So if you can go against your

instinct, and approach them like that………. a lot of people might see you

doing that and think there’s something wrong with you (that you’re mad) I

might just walk in there and push them out.

So basically, you just …. you want these little guys to go up …

Most people would walk up behind them and didn’t know what they were

doing and just go “yah!” hoping they’d all go up on the truck, but the best

way to do that is to just come in and walk up and down. See how this beast is

looking at me? It’s sort of inviting me into its flight zone and I’ll just work up

and down and you get a leader.

See how these animals they want to go up there. I’m not forcing them to go

up there. That’s the difference between …. Because if you put pressure on a

beast to move off your pressure, as soon as that beast moves off your

pressure you should …. You’ve got to take the pressure away as a reward to

the animal. That’s one of the important principles of low stress. So if I put a

lot of pressure on you, and you move back, and I take that pressure off, well

you’ll feel comfortable about that then. But if I hold that pressure there all

the time, and you’ve got nowhere to go, then you’re either going to get

angry and charge me, or maybe wack me or …. Animals are the same. If you

put pressure on them they just go (crazy) So if you want an animal to move

off your pressure, put the pressure on, when it goes off, you take it away. So

I can put pressure on these guys – get them moving and then take it off. As

soon as they go off me….. A lot of people will keep following them. If I keep

putting pressure on them, as soon as you do that….. they start blowing back

behind you. Then you know they jam up and they get stressed. If you can just

walk up behind them, as soon as they move off your pressure, take it away –

you see? And go back in again…. I can take the pressure off that little guy and

he just turns around. In years gone by we’d go in with a piece of poly pipe

each, or maybe a tree, a branch off a tree and sort of almost go to war with

the cattle. But with low stress, you know, your whole mind set changes and

you actually go in there in a relaxed frame of mind. You’re working with the

animals in a cooperative manner so instead of going in there and fighting



them, you’re actually going in there and working with them. We haven’t had

a worker’s compensation claim in four years and we used to have a lot of

comp claims before we started doing low stress.



MODULE 3: Muster & Move Cattle

Video Clip 3.1

Vehicle Checks

4:42 mins

Don: Right, this is a Toyota Landcruiser, primarily a work vehicle on a

station or a farm. We’ll just do a run through check this morning.

Most vehicles of this description have a bonnet pull with a car and a little

bonnet on it (picture). Pretty standard for most vehicles. I’ll go round the

front and pop the bonnet up. There’s a release catch – safety catch. Prop

that under your bonnet.

And this is called your engine compartment. There’s various things. Quite

often we check the fan belt, air conditioning belt, radiator fluid levels can be

checked visually through the overflow glass here. It’s very important not to

take that cap off when the vehicle’s hot because you’ll throw hot, steamy

water all over yourself. This is best done first thing in the morning before

you start the vehicle.

We have a dipstick here. Usually as in this case we have either red or yellow.

This one’s yellow. You pull the dipstick out and have a quick visual check.

That’s showing it’s full and the proper practice is to actually wipe it with a

rag (which my shirt will suffice for that today). And it’s usually very

important to check it again because that mightn’t show a true level when

you first pull it out. So you place it in and leave it for a few seconds and then

pull it out again. And it’s still showing the same reading so it’s on the FULL

level.

It’s always fairly important on a cattle station to check your battery

condition. Make sure it’s tight. They have a habit here of rattling loose

because some of our roads become rough towards the end of the year.

Check for corrosion around your terminals. These are very clean.



That’s just power steering fluid very similar to your dipstick again. A little

indicator there – actually a little bit low.

These are your brake fluid levels and your clutch. And that little ledge there

would say high so this is full of clutch fluid. And there’s your brake fluid

level. They have a HIGH and a LOW. That’s actually slightly low.

Just have a visual check of your tyres. These are free-wheeling hubs which is

very important on a 4-wheel drive. They have a FREE position and a LOCK.

This one’s actually in LOCK. For travelling on the highway, you’d have that in

FREE and that enables your front wheel to turn independently to the rest of

the car. A lot of people get into trouble if they get into a bog, they’ve got

free-wheeling hub and if they put it in 4-wheel drive in the car, but because

the hubs aren’t in, the vehicle will not turn the front wheels. So they’re

simply done by just turning that round to LOCK. And it’s quite clear there –

LOCK and FREE.

This vehicle’s set up with a water tank. Up here water’s very important to

you. Always before you leave, make sure you have your water bottle on the

back. If you forgot your water bottle, you would drink out of that and quite

easily survive.

I have a trough broom fitted under there which is held in by a strap. At the

front here we have a shovel – another very important piece of equipment in

a station or a farm vehicle as we quite often have to dig a hole or dig

yourself out of a bog. It’s not much fun digging with your hands so it’s good

to always make sure the vehicle has a shovel.

All the vehicles should have a chain. Very handy for pulling another vehicle

out of a bog, or removal of dead animals if you find a dead animal stuck in a

trough or on the side of the road and you want to move it, you can tow that

away with a chain.

Obviously yeah, just a visual check of your lights if you have two people

with you. You can always check your park lights yourself especially if you’re

going into town. You might be unaware that your light globe’s blown.

Tyres….obviously if your tyre looks a bit flat you’d check that for air



pressure, but that’s a visual thing as well. You’d look at that tyre and if it was

lying flat you’d check it or change it. Now the other very important thing is

your spare tyre. You should never go anywhere without a spare tyre. In this

vehicle …or be aware of where the spare tyre is. In this vehicle it’s hidden up

under the back here. You pull these two handles and the spare tyre comes

out. You can actually carry two spare tyres in there and the other good thing

is to once in a while check that they’re actually inflated. There’s nothing like

getting a flat tyre when you’re out the back of the station and your spare’s

flat as well.

It’s more a personal thing, but it is a law requirement that you do not have

stuff inside the vehicle on the dash. It’s a classic – people put all sorts of

stuff: coke cans, spurs, spanners…. It’s actually against the law to carry stuff

on your dash these days. If you hit a decent bump, or in the event of a

rollover, you don’t want all these missiles in the cab sailing around.

Video Clip 3.2

Riding Positions

0:58 mins

Wayne: There’s no real way of holding a mob of cattle. You’re trying to sort

of keep them in a square… probably not a square…. the front’s a little bit

narrower than the back, you know. So it’s like a funnel – the back is bigger.

The lead is always narrower and it’s easier to control if you haven’t got a big

area to cover.

With your horsemen, your main man is your Lead up here in the lead and

then you’ve got your point. Lead point here, another one on this side.

Usually Wing men in the middle. Then you’ve got point men here again and

this is the Tail point. And then you’ve got your men on the Tail.

You can just about guarantee the head stockman will either be in the lead or

on the tail and he will give you your positions. You are actually given your

positions more or less every day, you know. As a kid gets better and

improves, he will be shifted into another position.

When you’re given a position, it doesn’t matter if a cow breaks out of the

mob, and you chase it round and it comes back in the tail, make sure that

you return to the position that you left. And when you’re returning, ride on

the outside, not on the inside. Please don’t ride in front of the other men.



Go round the men. You know, you’ve only got to go ride past the other

horses, it not going to make any difference to the distance.

Video Clip 3.3

Mothering Up

0:48 mins

Wayne: The point of mothering up is so that no calves die. Because if they

don’t get their mother and don’t get milk, they are going to die.

When you take your cattle away, you take them to where you’re going to let

them go and you pull all the cattle up, put them in a mob, blocked up. Let

them spread out a little bit and everybody just stands around on their horses

and holds them there. The cows will be bellowing looking for their calves.

Some calves are up the front and some calves in the yard down the back so

they don’t see their mothers. Once you’ve been with cattle a little while,

you’ll understand … you’ll see the cows and calves with their mother. Put

time in it. Some people will block them up for five minutes and let them go.

You know, that’s not what’s expected. An hour to two hours I always say - if

you’re going to do it properly.

Video Clip 3.4

Counting Cattle

0:36 mins

Wayne: Counting cattle is very important because you need to know how

many head of cattle are in every paddock – how many are branded, how

many are selling, how many you’re spaying, how many you got to sell next

year, so that you can do your budget. You know it all comes down to the

counting. It doesn’t matter where you are – if you let cattle out of the yard,

count them, even if the boss doesn’t ask you to. Just count them and it

becomes a habit even if they’re going out of the gate and you’re sitting on

the rail. Count them. If you’ve got a notebook, write it down.

That’s one thing I recommend with everything on stations, no matter where

you go or what you’re doing - carry a notebook.



MODULE 4: Fencing

Video Clip 4.1

Parts of a Fence

2:06 mins

Wayne: This is the argument we have with Queenslanders and South

Australians – that’s called a dropper in my part of the world – South

Australians call it a picket - I call it a dropper and the black one is a picket.

They call it a dropper. So, we won’t have this argument - that’s a picket and

that’s a dropper.

Righto, this is just a bit more to do with fencing. This is what they call an end

assembly. Sometimes they have three rails, sometimes they only have two,

but this one’s only got two. This is the post. They actually cement it into the

ground and the rails are welded between each post.

In this country, the ground gets very, very wet , this black soil, and when it

gets wet, it starts to swell and if you only put a single post like that in, then

put the gate on it, when you come back after the wet, what would have

happened? this post with the little bit of weight of the wire on the end of it,

pulling on it, and the ground sucking in like that it’d just go in the ground

would just go pop and it’d fly right out of the ground. When you come back

it’ll be sticking out up here somewhere or not even in the ground. Anyway it

may be lying on the ground here.

The ground is so dry now it’s opened up and you can see the cracks in the

ground but it opens up and when it gets wet it just comes back again and

squeezes the cement and then the cement gets squeezed like that and they

just pops it out of the ground and then the post’s gone.

And to stop it from popping, we use these things here called stays they

actually go down on an angle and that pushes it back …the pressures if they

start to pull, the pressure goes on this and it stops them from coming out of



the ground. These posts would be about ah, I don’t know, about three foot

in the ground. If you do them shorter than that, they will pop out for sure.

And you need them strong to keep your gates level.

Video Clip 4.2

Types of wire

1:36 mins

Wayne: Up in this part of the cattle country, this is the main wire that is used

for fencing. It’s barbed wire. There are two types of barbed wire. This is

heavy, but it’s soft. You can move it around and do it, but the other barb is a

light barb. It’s only half the size of that, but it’s high tensile and the only

thing with high tensile in this country is the fires. If you get a fire, and the

wire’s tight, it hits the high tensile, it snaps the wire. So, the best wire is

actually this wire. It gets a bit soft and it’ll loosen with a fire, it don’t break.

With the high tensile stuff, it breaks all the time.

And the only other wire that is used up here is plain wire. It’s usually ten

gauge. Ten gauge is a good size wire. And like the six gauge is a big wire

really eight gauge is a bit smaller, ten gauge is smaller still and twelve gauge

– twelve gauge is what they usually use for ties. This is a ten gauge. Most

people use twelve gauge for wire because it’s easy to work, but with the

twelve gauge sometimes when the cattle hit it, it will unwrap. This stuff

doesn’t. It’s a little bit stronger. This is the high tensile stuff. See how skinny

it is compared to the other wire we were looking at. It’s real little thin stuff.

If it gets fire on it, it will just snap, but it’s cheap and the reason people like

to use it with the other wire, the bigger wire, you can only get 400 metres on

a roll. This one here, you can get 500 metres on. And it’s a lot easier – you

can get a lot more on the trailer, you can carry it a lot further and it’s a lot

lighter and it’s easier to work with.

Video Clip 4.3

Tools & Materials for

Fencing

1:22 mins

Wayne: Righto, this is just the yarning about all the tools that we use for

fencing. This is a pair of Hay strainers – they’re for straining wire for wire

breaks. There…..this one……. and the chain that’s at the other end. One

hooks on either end of the wire and you bring them up to strain a wire.

That’s a pair of pliers – that’s for cutting wire and twisting wire and all sorts

of things – you use it for a lot of things.

The main thing for putting fences up is a steel picket. And the other thing for



driving the pickets in….. is this – it’s called a ‘dolly’. It goes on the picket like

this …….and you use that to…… to drive the picket in. Most of these things

are designed to the right height. When that hits the ground, it’s the height of

the picket.

These are the little bits of wire that you put through the picket, like that. Put

it on there and then you wrap this round the wire like that. Always leave the

tie hanging down so that the cattle can’t get hit with it. The same thing on

the other side – as long as this is a full piece of wire – this is just a bit of an

exhibition. That’s how you tie a tie on.

Video Clip 4.4

Knots

1:57 mins

Wayne: And another thing I can probably show you is how to do a figure

eight. I’ve just got it rigged up here on a motor car. This is something that

everyone needs to know because it’s a way of tying wire without wasting

wire. You just turn the wire round like that. Then you go through the wire,

under the wire, twist it around and bring it back through like that. Then just

pull it. Then you’ve got a figure of eight. That’s how you tie most wire up on

fences….. if it’s plain wire. You can use it on barb wire, but it’s very fiddly

because you’ve got to put the claws through, you know.

If you can’t do a figure eight, this is the way they tie it: you grab the wire

here, you spin it round…. Like that, put your pliers on the end of it and you

just do this up ….. like that. And always turn the wire back so no one gets

hurt or cattle don’t run into it and rip their guts out or something. When you

do the other end, you put the wire through again – push him through the

eye like that, round there to a certain amount that he thinks is good enough

you can turn easily with your finger. Then bend it, bring it round, twist it

right across. Then get your pliers again and hook onto there so that it

doesn’t spin. Your pliers hold it stop from spin then just ……go like that with

your thumb and hand. When you’ve finished, twist the wire back.

That’s the way 90% of people do knots. I’m not a great lover of that knot – I

like the figure eight. With barb wire it won’t slip because the prongs on the

barb wire will hold, but with this, if something gives this a real good thing –

you can feel it – see that one up there – if I’ve only put a couple of laps on it ,

it will slowly come undone – see?



Video Clip 4.5

Straining a fence

2:01 mins

Wayne: Yeah, well with straining wire, you got a set of strainers (there’s all

different makes) but they’re all principally the same thing, so….. go and get

both wires from both ends and bring them together.

Then you put your strainers on. You put your actual working mechanism –

the piece that actually does the straining, on one end. You put your strainers

on with about a foot long and then you put your chain on the other end. And

you put the chain down a fair way so that the wire will pull together. And

don’t over strain wire. That’s probably the main thing… like, if you look up

the fence and you know the wire’s a little bit old and raggedy, don’t go

putting 500 pounds on it, you know. Just pull it up and when you see all the

wire’s nice and firm, stop. And then pull it together. Then the wire goes past

the one you’ve got standing out and you wrap it round and it’s tight. And

with plain wire, usually on one end you put a figure of eight. Go past the

strainers and do it up and just wind it up. You can use figure eight on barb

wire, but I don’t recommend it for kids because they will get ripped to

pieces, you know.

And with fencing, as far as I’m concerned, you should probably have two

people. With safety with strainers, it’s very, very important that you that

make sure the area is clear. Some of that wire is so old and rusty. It can

break, so always stand back a little bit so that, if it breaks, the strainers can

go flying. Have it clear so you can get that little bit away, you know. Every

little bit away so a little bit’s so it’s not going to hit you.

If you happen to be straining the top wire, and you’re a little short fella, it

could come past and wack you on the jaw, you know. Most times it’ll be in

the ribs or the chest and it’ll hurt, but if it hits you in the jaw, I’ve seen

people knocked out for up to two hours just lying there.

Another thing with fencing is it’s probably a good idea to wear protective

glasses.

And for people who’ve been working all their life, they don’t like gloves

because they get in the road, but unless you’ve been working six months or

something, I’d wear gloves.



Glossary

Vocabulary exercise:

See if you know each of the words below. If not, look up and write down the meaning in your own words or language. This will help you to understand and use the words correctly when you write reports.

You can also add more of your own words that you want to remember.

Word Meaning

20ks 20 kilometres

beast animal

bellowing

blockage

buck

bulls

bung plug

calves

charge run towards

compensation

cooperative manner working together well

damage break

dawdling

demonstrate

drafting dividing cattle into different lines

flight animals

flight zone

flush wash out

funnel

get half crook

guts

hind

hip

instinct

iron stirrup



issue

jam/jammed

lame

maintain/maintenance

major

manner way

matter substance

mind set way of thinking

mob

mothering up

paddock

pen

predator

preg test

pressure

primarily mainly

principle rule

protruding Sticking out

race

reins

reliable

skinny thin

snotty nose

spay

spell a short period of time

sprinkler

steers

stress

tank

trough



valve

wack hit

weaners

weld/welding

Words (Vehicle) Meaning

battery

bog

brake fluid

clutch

corrosion

dash

dipstick

free-wheeling hubs

light globe’s

overflow glass

power steering fluid

shovel

terminals

tyre

Words (Fencing) Meaning

assembly

barbed wire

dolly’

dropper

gauge



high tensile

picket

pliers

post

strain a wire

strainers

tie

Your Words Meaning





DESCRIPTION

This resource consists of four self-paced interactive e-learning presentations. Essential knowledge and skills are presented on slides with embedded video clips, animated text and images with explanatory narrative and interactive tasks.

The resource uses plain English (except where workplace jargon is required) to accommodate students with English Language or literacy difficulties.

The four Interactive Modules are available online at www.litcomtraining.com

a) for learners to use online

b) to download in a folder, for use on a PC (directly from hard drive or burned onto a DVD)

c) to download in a ZIP folder to publish in a Learning Management System (eg Moodle)

The set of video clips embedded in the presentations are also available separately online and on DVD.

NOTE: The resource has NOT been designed to be used as a stand-alone resource and needs to be used together with the documents provided to support learning and encourage face-to-face discussion and on-job mentoring.

Electronic versions of the customisable documents may be downloaded from the www.litcomtraining.com website:

a) this Facilitator Guide b) Learner Practical Checklists c) Transcripts of the video clips

EDITION: 2012

TRAINING PACKAGE: AHC20110 Certificate II in Agriculture

UNITS OF COMPETENCY SUPPORTED: AHCOHS201A Participate in OHS processes AHCWRK209A Participate in environmentally sustainable work practices AHCLSK205A Handle livestock using basic techniques AHCLSK210A Muster and move livestock AHCINF202A Install, maintain and repair fencing

ISBN: 978-0-9873632-0-6

Enquiries: LitCom Training Service (08) 9341 5011 [email protected]

Working on a Beef Cattle Station

Facilitator Guide


