Work, Health & Safety

Lyndall Fitzgerald

2019 Term 1

Task 1: FSKLRG05

1

Acknowledgement of Country

We would like to acknowledge this land that we meet on today which is the

traditional land for Kaurna people, and that we respect their spiritual relationship

with their Country.

We also acknowledge the Kaurna people as the custodians of the Adelaide region

and that their cultural and heritage beliefs are still as important to the living

Kaurna people today.

We would also like to extend that respect to other Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait

Islander people who are present.

2

Ground RulesRemember:

▪ Be respectful

▪ Contribute to the group

▪ Emergency procedures

▪ Maintain confidentiality - change identifiable information when sharing stories

▪ Mobile phones off or on silent

▪ Notify your facilitator if you plan to be absent or are running late

▪ Please smoke in designated areas

▪ Return from breaks on time

▪ Tidy up after yourself

I will need to share information that you have told me in an emergency and/or if you or someone else is at risk of harm.

3

Learning Outcomes▪ Causes of Workplace Incidents

▪ Chemical Safety

▪ Emergency Procedures

▪ Explore Work, Health & Safety within the Correctional Services field

▪ Identifying Hazards

▪ Incident Forms

▪ Legislation

▪ PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

▪ Prevention of Work, Health & Safety Incidents

▪ Risk Assessments

▪ Understand the Hierarchy of Controls

If any of the topics discussed today cause you distress – please talk to a Health Professional. 4

What is WHS (Work, Health & Safety)?

It is a system or practice that is governed by legislation.

Its purpose is to make sure that all contractors, students, visitors, volunteers and

workers are protected from harm in the workplace.

5

South Australian Legislation

The Commonwealth, states and territories each have a responsibility for regulating and

enforcing Work, Health & Safety laws in their jurisdiction.

In South Australia SafeWork SA oversees this legislation -

Work Health & Safety Act (2012)

This requires the PCBU (Person who Conducts a Business or Undertaking) ensures the

health and safety of its contractors, volunteers and workers, by eliminating risks to

health and safety so far as is reasonably practicable, or if elimination is not reasonably

practicable, minimising the risks so far as is reasonably practicable.

6

Risk ManagementIs the process used to identify, prioritise and control risks, by eliminating or minimising the probability of them causing harm, utilising these steps:

1. Identify hazards - find out what could cause harm.

2. Assess the risks - understand the nature of the harm that could be caused by the hazard, how serious the harm could be and the likelihood of it happening, by undertaking a Risk Assessment.

3. Control risks by using the Hierarchy of Controls - implement the most effective control method that is reasonably practicable in the circumstances.

4. Review control measures - to ensure they are working as planned.

7

HazardsA hazard is anything that has the potential to cause harm.

The can be:

▪ Biological - cause harm through the spread of infections

▪ Emergency - unforeseen events and natural disasters

▪ Environmental - threatens the environment and/or adversely affect people's health

▪ Ergonomic/Manual Task - interaction between equipment and people is not correct

▪ Hazardous Materials - substances that cause harm via accidental exposure, inhalation or spills

▪ Physical - cause harm through poor housekeeping and/or poor maintenance

▪ Psychological - cause emotional harm 8

Biological Hazards

▪ Bacteria - i.e. Chlamydia, Urinary Tract Infection, Whooping Cough etc.

▪ Fungi - i.e. Candida (thrush), Ringworm/Tinea etc.

▪ Parasites - i.e. lice, mites, protozoa (microscopic animal), worms etc.

▪ Viruses, i.e. AIDS/HIV, cold, Chicken Pox, flu, Hepatitis, Herpes, Measles, Warts etc.

Exposure from animals, medical waste, needlestick/sharps (piercing/tattoo equipment,

razor blades, syringes), and other people, can cause an allergic reaction, Dermatitis,

infectious diseases and injuries.

9

Emergency Hazards▪ Bomb threats

▪ Cyclones/tornados

▪ Death in custody

▪ Earthquakes

▪ Fires

▪ Floods

▪ Hurricanes/tsunamis

▪ Riots

▪ Violence

One must be prepared to deal with such incidents and where possible prevent them

from occurring in the first place, as they can cause severe damage

to the environment and person/s, such as, death, disability and

injuries.10

Environmental HazardsAnimal, event, state or substance:

▪ Arachnids (mites, scorpions, spiders, tics) - bites, diseases and stings

▪ Cold (prisoner escorts) - frostbite, hypothermia

▪ Heat (sun) - burns, heat stroke

▪ Insects (bees, flies, mosquitoes, wasps) - bites, diseases, and stings

▪ Light (lasers) - eye damage

▪ Noise (machinery) - ear damage

▪ Pollution (air/water) - respiratory diseases, waterborne diseases

▪ Radiation (X-rays) - burns, Cancer

▪ Rain (prisoner escorts) - falls, slips and waterborne diseases

Can adversely affect a persons health if one is not prepared properly.

Many other animals, such as cats, dogs and snakes can also cause problems.

11

Ergonomic/Manual Handling Hazards▪ Incorrect lifting

▪ Overexertion

▪ Poor equipment design

▪ Poor lighting

▪ Poor posture

▪ Repetitive actions

Poor Manual Handling techniques when moving objects and/or people can cause

sprains/strains.

Also, if you continue to have your computer screen to high your neck can be strained

from the continuous stretch, and this may also cause eye strain.

12

Hazardous Materials▪ Adhesives (glues)

▪ Dust (asbestos)

▪ Fumes (cigarettes, and illegal drugs)

▪ Gases (aerosols, cooking/heating devices)

▪ Liquids (alcohol, cleaning products, lighter fluid, nail polish remover, petrol, weed killer)

▪ Powders (cleaning products)

▪ Solids (batteries)

▪ Vapours (e-cigarettes and illegal drugs)

This list is not exhaustive.

Accidental exposure, inhalation or spills can cause allergic reaction, Cancer, death, Dermatitis, diseases, headaches, illness, and respiratory problems.

13

Physical Hazards▪ Alcohol and drugs (illegal, over the counter, and prescription)

▪ Being hit by a vehicle

▪ Caught by a moving part

▪ Contraband (guns, knives, lighters, matches, needles, piercing/tattoo equipment, razor

blades etc.)

▪ Electrical hazards (faulty appliances/wiring)

▪ Falling objects

▪ Falls, slips & trips

▪ Obstacles

▪ Poorly designed or maintained equipment

Such accidents can cause, abrasions, cuts, bruises, burns, concussion,

death, disability, diseases, dislocations, fire, fractures, infections,

injuries, lacerations, and shock. 14

Psychological Hazards▪ Bullying and harassment

▪ Challenging prisoners/visitors

▪ Discrimination

▪ Grief and loss (suicide)

▪ Pressure (pace/intensity)

▪ Sexual Harassment

▪ Shift Work

▪ Violence

Such incidents can cause fatigue, headaches, illness, mental illness and stress.

15

Risk Assessment

We undertake Risk Assessments in our mind everyday.

For example, before we cross the road we look both ways to make sure it is safe

before crossing.

However, in the workplace sometimes a more formal process needs to be

undertaken because one is not only responsible for themselves but others.

One of the tools that is used to weigh up the financial and physical risks is a –

Risk Assessment Matrix.

16

Risk Assessment Matrix

Is a mechanism that helps define the level of risk for each hazard, by considering

the likelihood (probability) of a risk occurring, versus the consequences (impact)

of that risk.

Both financial and physical costs are weighed up.

17

18

Hierarchy of Controls

Is a system that aims to eliminate or minimise exposure to hazards.

1. Eliminate

Get rid of a dangerous machine.

2. Substitute

Replace the machine with a safer one.

3. Engineer

Attach guards to the machine to protect workers.

4. Administration

Train workers how to use the machine safely.

5. PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

Wear closed in shoes and gloves when using the machine.

Review these controls regularly.19

20

Workplace IncidentsDepartment for Correctional Services SA Annual Report 2017-2018:

▪ Increase in psychological claims from 12 to 23

▪ Increase of workplace injuries from 122 to 133

▪ Increase in Workers Compensation liability from $10.0m to $17.7m

▪ 16 notifiable incidents

▪ 1 person was seriously injured

▪ 0 fatalities

▪ The total cost of claims increased by 28%

According to SafeWork Australia, Correctional Officers are one of the high risk

occupations for Mental Health Conditions.

21

Causes of Work, Health & Safety Incidents▪ Bad habits

▪ Being inexperienced, new or young

▪ Incorrect Manual Handling Techniques

▪ Lack of appropriate rest

▪ Lack of knowledge/training

▪ Not being fit for work

▪ Not following policies/procedures

▪ Poor housekeeping

▪ Stress (bullying and harassment, critical incidents, threats, workplace pressure etc.)

▪ Taking shortcuts

▪ Unpredictable prisoners behaviour (blood, feaces, sharps, sputum, urine, violence etc.)

Being ignorant is not excuse under the law.

22

Consequences of poor Work, Health & Safety▪ Death

▪ Disablement

▪ Disease

▪ Infections

▪ Injury

▪ Financial loss to employee

▪ Financial loss to organisation

▪ Loss of reputation

▪ Mental illness

▪ Punitive action against employee

▪ Punitive action against organisation

▪ Unemployment

Inexperienced, new and young staff are at most risk.23

Responsibilities of PCBU ▪ Consult and inform workers about all safety related issues

▪ Develop, implement and review safe working policies & procedures

▪ Ensure all equipment/machinery is safe to use, regularly serviced and in good working order

▪ Have processes for reporting safety concerns (hazards/injuries/near misses) and act upon any matters raised; including supporting injured workers (mentally and physically)

▪ Keep accurate records

▪ Provide a comfortable and safe environment with adequate welfare facilities

▪ Supply workers with the appropriate PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

▪ Support isolated and remote workers

▪ Train and supervise workers in safe working procedures

24

Responsibilities of Workers

▪ Attend all training; including Self Defence

▪ Be fit for work; including having adequate rest

▪ Contribute to a safe workplace

▪ Follow all policies & procedures, and safe work instuctions

▪ Keep accurate records

▪ Know emergency procedures

▪ Not to bring in prohibited items

▪ Maintain security

▪ Monitor prisoners, and their visitors

▪ Operate equipment safely

▪ Report any safety concerns

▪ Use the appropriate PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)25

Workplace Policies & Procedures

Policies are principles that are adopted by organisations.

Procedures are practical guides that explain how to achieve policy goals.

An organisation’s policies and procedures should contribute to making and

maintaining a safe and sustainable workplace.

26

Workplace Policies & Procedures cont.Divide into two groups and see who can list the most workplace policies & procedures

that relate to Work, Health & Safety?

Administering First Aid, Chemical Safety, Complaints Handling, Conflict Resolution,

Bullying and Harassment, Driving Safely, Equal Opportunities, Emergency Procedures,

Ergonomics, Fire Safety, Food Safety, Hazard Management, Housekeeping, Incident

Reporting, Infection Control, Maintaining Security, Maintenance, Managing Aggression

and Violence, Managing Critical Incidents, Managing Electrical Hazards, Managing

Noise, Manual Handling, Operating Equipment/Machinery, Prisoner Escorts, Prisoner

Visits, Reporting Hazards, Safe Use of Restraints, Stock Control, Undertaking

Scans/Searches, Using PPE (Personal Protective Equipment), Waste Management,

Work, Health & Safety etc.

27

Duty of CareIs having the responsibility of caring for somebody else.

You have a duty of care towards all people you reasonably expect to be affected by your actions, which includes: contractors, prisoners, staff, students, visitors and volunteers.

It requires you to take reasonable practicable care to avoid causing harm, or by not doing something that you can reasonably foresee being harmful.

▪ By law, your employer has to provide you with a safe working environment

▪ You are obliged to comply with safe working practices and adhere to all policies & procedures

If one does not exercise Duty of Care they may be sued for negligence.

To minimise harm a handover occurs.

28

HandoverIs the passing of essential information from one shift to another.

This can be directly from a computer, face to face, recorded message, telephone or video.

Can you list any other ways that employers can communicate with their workers?

▪ Have a ‘suggestions’ box via paper and/or online

▪ Newsletters via email/mail

▪ Noticeboards

▪ Social Media

▪ Training sessions

▪ Website

29

WHS Representatives & CommitteesEmployers are legally required to consult and inform their workers on WHS matters.

This can be:

1. Informal - Handover

2. Formal - HSRs (Health & Safety Representatives) or- HSCs (Health & Safety Committees)

The law prohibits employers being discriminated against for raising WHS issues.

30

HSRs (Health & Safety Representatives)

Are elected by groups of workers called Work Groups to representative them on

WHS matters and they:

▪ Act as a single point of contact for workers and for employers when consulting

with workers

▪ Improve efficiency; especially when a large group of workers is affected

▪ Provide more effective representation through their experience, knowledge and

training

31

HSRs Functions and PowersFunctions and legal powers include:

▪ Directing unsafe work practices to cease

▪ Enquiring into anything that poses a risk

▪ Investigating complaints

▪ Issue PINs (Provisional Improvement Notices)

▪ Monitoring employer compliance

▪ Representing work groups

HSRs can only issue PINs if they have completed an approved Level 1

Training Course.

HSRs must keep up to date with best practice by attending training

(which is paid for by the employer).

32

HSCs (Health & Safety Committees)

HSCs focus on Work, Health & Safety issues that affect the whole organisation rather

than the concerns of individual workers or Work Groups.

▪ Brings workers practical knowledge of their individual jobs together

▪ Creates an overview of all workplace practices

▪ Provides a means for employers and workers to meet regularly to talk about Work, Health & Safety matters

Deal with any other WHS issues, as agreed by the employer and committee members.

33

HSCs Functions

▪ Facilitate cooperation between employers and workers

▪ Help develop and review WHS policies, procedures and systems that are in line

with legislation

Committees should not become involved in Work, Health & Safety disputes or

individual workers issues.

34

Work, Health & Safety Inspectors

SafeWork SA employs Field Officers who ensure compliance across all industries by:

▪ Assessing information and situations, plus taking action to protect harm

▪ Conducting audits

▪ Conducting reviews of disputed PINs (Provisional Improvement Notices)

▪ Determining the structure of a Work Group that has not been successfully agreed upon

▪ Gathering evidence

▪ Issuing compliance notices

35

Work, Health & Safety Inspectors cont.

▪ Preparing reports for prosecution

▪ Providing clear, concise and consistent information on WHS matters

▪ Resolving issues arising from the cessation of unsafe work

▪ Resolving issues that are unable to be resolved despite reasonable efforts

▪ Seizing evidence and taking witness statements

▪ Settling disagreements or delays in the provision of HSR training

▪ Undertaking investigations

36

Prevention of Work, Health & Safety Incidents▪ Attend all meetings

▪ Be extra vigilant when working alone

▪ Be fit for work

▪ Be prepared when working outside

▪ Be trained in First Aid

▪ Check equipment/machinery is safe before operating

▪ Consider ergonomics

▪ Cool down/warm up before/after performing Manual Handling tasks

▪ Exercise regularly and do some gentle stretches throughout the day

37

Prevention of Work, Health & Safety Incidents cont.

▪ Follow all policies & procedures

▪ Get plenty of rest and take regular breaks

▪ Good housekeeping

▪ Have regular health checks

▪ Include a variety of tasks in your day

▪ Keep up to date with best practice and mandatory training

▪ Know how to handle chemicals safely

▪ Know how to prevent emergencies

▪ Know your Emergency Procedures

38

Prevention of Work, Health & Safety Incidents cont.

▪ Maintain all relevant licenses

▪ Maintain security

▪ Make sure you are qualified/trained before undertaking tasks/using equipment

▪ Manage electrical risks

▪ Manage falls, slips and trips

▪ Read communication books/emails/memos before the start of each shift

▪ Report and document Hazards/Incidents/Near Misses

▪ Research the prisoners

▪ Understand the dangers of working in noisy environments

▪ Use PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

▪ Use the Hierarchy of Controls39

Attend All Meetings

That way you can keep up to date with any changes to practice, to keep yourself

and others safe.

This includes handover.

40

Be Extra Vigilant when Working Alone

This is because you are not able to call on others immediately for assistance.

Always alert people of where you are and when you will be back.

41

Be Fit For Work

Not only does this mean you are not to be at work if you are injured or sick, but you

are not to be under the influence of drugs or alcohol; including from the night

before.

Many workplaces now test their employees to see if they are under the influence

of alcohol or drugs.

42

Be Prepared When Working Outside

Wear:

▪ Appropriate footwear

▪ High-visibility PPE, if required to do so

▪ Insect repellent

▪ Protective clothing, such as a hat, gloves, long sleeved shirts and trousers

▪ Sunglasses

▪ Sunscreen

43

Be Trained in First Aid

That way, if there is an unfortunate incident you may be able to minimise the impact.

You should also know how to handle emergency situations and other critical incidents.

44

Check Equipment/Machinery isSafe Before Operating

▪ Comply with Do Not Use signs that are attached to broken/faulty equipment

▪ Keep equipment well maintained

▪ Make sure that there is no damage to the equipment before using

▪ Use the appropriate guards and PPE

If you find fault with a machine attach a clearly labeled Do Not Use sign, so

others do not use it until it has been confirmed safe to use.

Report your concerns to your supervisor immediately.

45

Consider ErgonomicsThis applies to any workstation; including various types of vehicles -

▪ Adjust your seat to the right height for your desk or vehicle

▪ Adjust your monitor and keyboard

▪ Adjust your steering wheel and mirrors

▪ Consider using footrests, swivel seats and other aids

▪ Have adequate lighting to enable you to do your job

▪ Utilise anti-slip surfaces and grab handles/rails

Maintain 3 points of contact entering/exiting buses and when

using step ladders. 46

Cool Down/Warm Up Before/After Performing Manual Handling Tasks

Some simple stretches before/after performing Manual Handling tasks will help

prevent any injuries.

Only do exercises that are safe and appropriate for you.

47

Exercise Regularly and Do SomeGentle Stretches Throughout the Day

▪ Exercise improves your body and your mind

▪ It allows you to concentrate better and therefore you will make less mistakes

▪ If you are injured your body will recover quicker

▪ Keeping your body warm throughout the day can prevent a workplace injury

Only do exercises that are safe and appropriate for you.

48

Follow All Policies & Procedures

They are there for your safety and the safety of others.

If you do not follow them, you and/or others can be injured, killed or left with a

permanent disability.

There can also be financial consequences for yourself and the organisation you

work for.

49

Get Plenty Of Rest and Take Regular Breaks

▪ Eating a healthy diet is important for our body and mind

▪ Having adequate fluids keeps us healthy and hydrated

▪ Taking time out allows your body and mind to recuperate

Fatigue can be fatal; especially whilst driving or operating machinery.

Studies have shown that being awake for 17hrs is equivalent of a blood alcohol

level of 0.05 (the legal driving limit) and after 24hrs of being awake a blood

alcohol level of 0.1.

50

Good HousekeepingMaintaining a clean and tidy working environment can prevent:

▪ Electrocution

▪ Falling objects

▪ Falls, slips & trips

▪ Fires

▪ Inhalation of dust, fumes, gases and vapors

▪ The spread of infections

Store and transport items safely in align with workplace policies & procedures to

prevent them collapsing and/or falling on people.

Remember to report any Hazards/Incidents/Near Misses to your

supervisor immediately.

51

Have Regular Health Checks

▪ Exercise regularly

▪ Keep up to date with immunisations

▪ Maintain a healthy weight

Early detection of diseases and infections generally enables better outcomes.

52

Include a Variety of Tasks in Your Day

This will help prevent injuries that are caused by repetitive work.

53

Keep Up to Date with Best Practice and Mandatory Training

If you are not up to date with the latest developments and you undertake an activity

unsafely, you may harm somebody or yourself, which could result in death, injury, or a

permanent disability, along with loss of reputation and punitive action.

Types of training could include:

▪ Infection Control

▪ Manual Handling

▪ Self Defence

▪ WHS

Please keep records of any training you attend.

54

Know How To Handle Hazardous Materials Safely

Know where the SDSs (Safety Data Sheets) are kept and follow them.

A Safety Data Sheet (SDS), previously called a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), is a document that provides information on the properties of hazardous chemicals and how they affect health and safety in the workplace, plus:

▪ Disposal considerations

▪ Emergency procedures

▪ Health hazards

▪ Safe handling and storage procedures

▪ The identity of the chemical

They are normally kept where the chemicals are, along with a register of hazardous substances. 55

Know How To Handle Hazardous Material Safely cont.

When working with chemicals and hazardous substances you must be trained in their use:

▪ Clean up any spills correctly and immediately

▪ Do not bring any chemicals from home into the workplace

▪ Do not mix chemicals

▪ Dispose of chemicals correctly

▪ Follow the label

▪ Store chemicals correctly

▪ Wear the appropriate PPE

Following any absorption, ingestion, inhalation –

administer appropriate First Aid (if you are trained to do so),

phone Emergency Services 000 & Poisons Info: 13 11 26. 56

Know How to Prevent Emergencies▪ Access to First Aid and other emergency equipment

▪ Be clean and tidy inside and outside

▪ Have working fire detection systems, i.e. smoke alarms

▪ Make sure electrical equipment has been checked by a electrician

▪ Make sure flammable objects are away from stoves and other sources of ignition

▪ Make sure your exits remain clear of obstacles

▪ Monitor prisoners and security systems

▪ Report electrical faults and other hazards/incidents/near misses

▪ Safe storage of chemicals

▪ Undertake thorough scans/searches, remove contraband; unless it is a suspected bomb

Know where your fellow officers are, and how to alert an emergency according to organisational policies & procedures, and use the Emergency Codes. 57

Correctional Services Emergency Codes

58

Black Medical Emergency

Brown Hostage

Green Escape

Orange Bomb Threat

Red Fire

White Evacuation

Yellow Officer Requires Assistance

Know Your Emergency ProceduresKnowing your emergency procedures can save lives:

1. Remain calm.

2. Ensure the immediate safety of others

3. Close off the affected area.

4. Raise the alarm.

5. Only fight a fire if it is safe to do so.

6. Turn off equipment if safe to do so.

7. Evacuate the area.

8. Call emergency services by dialing 000, even if an alarm has been raised.

9. Assemble with other staff at the evacuation assembly point.

10. Inform the firefighters of the situation upon arrival.

Never use the elevator/lift in a fire.59

Maintain All Relevant Licenses

▪ Driver’s

▪ Firearms

Correctional Officers do not normally carry firearms; specialist training is required.

60

Maintain SecurityThere are two types:▪ Dynamic - people and procedures ▪ Static - equipment, facilities, and fixtures

Prohibited items: ▪ Adult Magazines▪ Alcohol and drugs▪ Cameras▪ E-cigarettes▪ Metal Cutlery ▪ Mobile Phones▪ Pocket Knife▪ Watches with GPS or Internet capability

All staff should know where any blind spots are and cover them with dynamic security measures.

61

Make Sure You are Qualified/Trained Before Undertaking Tasks/Using Equipment

If you are not qualified or trained before undertaking tasks or using equipment,

you may harm somebody or yourself, which could result in death, injury or

permanent disability, along with loss of reputation and punitive action.

Common equipment used:▪ Alarms▪ Detectors▪ Gloves▪ Keys▪ Phones▪ Radios▪ Restraints▪ Scanners▪ Vehicles▪ Video Surveillance 62

Manage Electrical Risks▪ Do not overload power sockets

▪ Do not use faulty equipment and report any faults to your supervisor immediately

▪ If you notice a fault, stop using the equipment immediately and label it Do Not Use

▪ Follow the manufacturers instructions and workplace policies/procedures

▪ Make sure that all cords are in tact and secured to avoid falls, slips & trips

▪ Most electrical equipment must be tested at least yearly by a qualified person

▪ Only use electrical equipment if it has been tested by a qualified person

It is everyone’s responsibility to make sure that Electrical Hazards are

minimised.

63

Manage Falls, Slips & Trips▪ Comply with all signage

▪ Keep behind barriers

▪ Maintain good housekeeping to avoid slipping/tripping on objects

▪ Monitor floor surfaces, such as loose carpet etc.

▪ Secure all mats and cords to avoid falls, slips & trips

▪ Store items securely

Always use Wet Floor signs when cleaning up spills, and that you are trained to

clean up each type of spill, according to the Safety Data Sheet.

64

Read Communication Books/Emails/Memos Before the Start of Each Shift

If you are not up to date with the latest developments and you undertake an

activity unsafely, you may harm somebody or yourself, which could result in death,

injury or permanent disability, along with loss of reputation and punitive action.

You also have a duty of care to report and document any concerns you have

about colleagues, prisoners, students, visitors and volunteers.

65

Report Hazards/Incidents/Near Misses

As this will make sure that the problem is investigated and risk control measures

are put into place, i.e. identifying the correct policies & procedures, which will

enable the problem to be fixed and prevent harm to yourself and others.

Hazards/Incidents/Near Misses are monitored by the workplace, and serious

incidents must be reported to SafeWork SA.

66

Research the Prisoners

This will enable you to recognise what can trigger a person, what that looks like, i.e. their

behaviour, and what strategies you can use to minimise the consequences.

Information can be found on JIS (Justice Information System), and regular updates are

obtained during Handover and/or by reading the Communication Book.

Report any changes in behaviour to your supervisor and document accordingly.

67

Understand the Dangers of Working in Noisy Environments

Noisy environments:

▪ Can create hearing impairments; including complete deafness

▪ Dangerous over long periods

▪ One off events can cause problems

▪ Wear appropriate ear protection

68

Use the Hierarchy of Controls

1. Eliminate

Get rid of a dangerous machine.

2. Substitute

Replace the machine with a safer one.

3. Engineer

Attach guards to the machine to protect workers.

4. Administration

Train workers how to use the machine safely.

5. PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

Wear closed in shoes and gloves when using the machine.

Review these controls regularly.69

70

Use PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

▪ Clothing - aprons, chest/groin protectors, long sleeve shirts, overalls, trousers to prevent bruising and burns

▪ Ear protection – earmuffs/ear plugs to prevent hearing loss

▪ Eye/face protection – goggles/shields/sunglasses to prevent damage to eyes/face

▪ Gloves - garden/industrial/medical to prevent damage to the hands/forearms

▪ Headwear – hard hats/helmets/sun hats to prevent burns, head injuries and sputum

▪ Masks – gas/industrial/medical to prevent eye damage and respiratory disorders

▪ Shoes – closed in shoes/safety boots to prevent damage to the feet

Wear high-visibilty clothing to be seen, and use the correct PPE for each job, i.e. medical gloves are not appropriate for gardening – check if intact before use. 71

“There is no job in your workplace

so important or so urgent, that it can

not be done safely.”

72

Remember – you have a duty of

care to look after your colleagues,

customers and yourself.

73

Work Safe, Home Safe

74

Learning Outcomes▪ Causes of Workplace incidents

▪ Chemical Safety

▪ Emergency Procedures

▪ Explore Work, Health & Safety within the Correctional Services field

▪ Identifying Hazards

▪ Incident Forms

▪ Legislation

▪ PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

▪ Prevention of Work, Health & Safety incidents

▪ Risk Assessments

▪ Understand the Hierarchy of Controls

Feedback Welcome.75

Activities1. Brainstorm: Identify Common Hazards2. Brainstorm: facilitator writes causes of WHS incidents on whiteboard3. Brainstorm: facilitator writes consequences of poor WHS practices on whiteboard4. Brainstorm: PCBU responsibilities and workers responsibilities.5. Brainstorm: WHS policies/procedures6. Discussion: Safety Data Sheet7. Exercise: complete Incident Form according to the Incident Form Instructions

using a 24hr Clock8. Quiz: WHS9. Poem: Don Merrell10.Video: Queensland's packed prisons a legacy of the Newman Government 7:03, 28

May 2015 - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZKT3CkOQqvM

76

Handouts1. Identify Common Hazards (Answers)

2. Safety Data Sheet

3. Incident Form Instructions

4. 24hr Clock

5. Incident Form

6. Incident Form (Answers)

7. Quiz

8. Quiz (Answers)

9. Poem by Don Merrell

10.Feedback Form

77

ImagesSlide 18Slide 20Slide 70

78

ResourcesAustralian Government, Department of Health, Health Direct: Poisoning -

https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/poisoning

Corrections South Australia: Annual Report 2017/18 -

https://www.corrections.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/41731/DCS-Annual-

Report-2017-2018.pdf

Department for Correctional Services (SA): 2017/18 Annual Report

Edith Cowan University: Causes and Effects of Physical Injuries to Prison Officers

Employed in a High Risk and High Need Offender Management Environment in

Western Australia, Bigboy Ngwenya 2012

79

Resources

Government of South Australia, SafeWork SA: Consultation & Representation at Work,

Guidelines for Employers & Workers booklet Jan 2016

Government of South Australia, SafeWork SA - Simple Steps to

Safety booklet Sep 2016

Government of Western Australia, Department of Corrective Services: Policy Directive

57 – Induction Programme for Persons Working in Prisons

80

ResourcesHarvard Medical School: Healthy Mind, Healthy Body, The Benefits of Exercise Thurs

March 13, 2014 -

https://hms.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/assets/Sites/Longwood_Seminars/Exercise3.

14.pdf

National Offender Management Service (UK): Health & Safety Arrangements for Risk

Assessment

New South Wales Department of Corrective Services: Employee Occupational Health

& Safety Handbook Oct 2008

New South Wales Government, Justice Inspector of Custodial Services: Report

Number 1 – The Invisibility of Correctional Officer Work, May 2014

81

ResourcesSafe Work Australia -

http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au

Safe Work Australia: Mental Health, Last modified on Thursday 14 June 2018

[6541|73601] -

https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/topic/mental-health

Standard Guidelines for Corrections in Australia 2012

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Resources

South Australian Current Acts: Work Health & Safety Act 2012 -http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/sa/consol_act/whasa2012218/

South Australian Metropolitan Fire Service: Emergency Procedures 21 Oct 2016 -http://www.mfs.sa.gov.au/site/community_safety/commercial/building_fire_safety/e

mergency_procedures.jsp

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Speaker

N/A

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Videos

▪ Queensland's packed prisons a legacy of the Newman Government 7:03, 28 May

2015 - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZKT3CkOQqvM

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