1 Words and Expressions That Frequently Appear on the TOEIC
Nouns + preposition cause of / nguyn nhn ca The cause of the fire
was carelessness. (Nguyn nhn ca m chy l s bt cn) combination of A
and B/ kt hp ca v A combination of high interest rates and falling
demands forced the company to close. (S kt hp ca li sut cao v nhu
cu tiu dng gim buc cng ty ng ca). demand for/ yu cu cho The
management has refused to agree to our demand for a 7 % pay
raise.(Ban qun l t chi ng ngh ca chng ti tang lng 7%). development
in/ s pht trin trongPeople are happy with developments in
medicine.(Con ngi hnh phc vi s pht trin ca y hc) effect of/ tc ng
ca, nh hng ca One of the effects of this illness is that you lose
your hair.(Mt trong nhng tc ng ca cn bnh l bn mt mi tc ca bn).
example of/ v d ca, th hin ca This church is a wonderful example of
medieval architecture.(Ngi nh th ny l mt v d tuyt vi ca kin trc
trung c). exception to/ ngoi tr, tr ra , phn i We dont usually do
it this way, well make an exception to the rule in your case.(Chng
ti khng thng xuyn lm cch n, chng ti s thc hin 1 ngoi l trong trng
hp ca bn) idea for / tng, kin cho What gave you the idea for the
book?(Nhng iu g cho bn tng v quyn sch?) improvement in / ci thin,
ci tin trong There has been a significant improvement in the
companys trading position. ( c nhng ci thin ng k trong v tr giao
dch ca cng ty). 2 increase in / tng, gia tng trong An increase in
crime was one of the most serious problems that city had. (S tng ti
phm l 1 trong nhng vn nghim trng ca thnh ph ny). native of /ni , gc
, t nhin He is a native of California. (ng y l ngi gc California)
part in / phn trong The question of cost will play an important
part in our decision.(Cu hi v chi ph s ng vai tr quan trng trong
quyt nh ca chng ti) price of / gi ca, gi tr What is the price of
this suit? / (Gi ca ci o ny nh th no?) probability of / kh nng ca,
xc sut ca Theres very little probability of an agreement being
reached. (C rt t kh nng ca mt hp ng t c). problem with / vn vi, rc
ri v The company has no problems with the management.Cng ty khng c
vn g v vic qun l. process of / qu trnh ca Coal was formed out of
dead forests by a long, slow process of chemical change.(Qu trnh c
hnh thnh t cnh rng cht vi thi gian di, qu trnh bin i chm ca ha hc)
reliance on / Tin tng vo, tin cy vo, ph thuc vo I have complete
reliance on his judgment.Ti hon ton tin cy vo phn on ca anh y.
result of / Kt qu ca His sickness is the result of the contaminated
food. /Bnh ca anh y l kt qu ca thc phm nhim. rules for / quy lut
cho There are rules for driving. / C nhng quy lut dnh cho vic li
xe. rules of(a game) / quy lut ca To enjoy golfing, you need to
understand the rules of golf. thng thc chi nh golf, bn cn hiu lut
ca n. 3 solution to / gii php, phng n There are no simple solution
to the unemployment problem.Khng c phng n n gin cho vn tht nghim.
source of / ngun ca Well have to find a new source of income.Chng
ta s phi tm 1ngun thu nhp mi. a supply of / ngun cung cp Bring a
large supply of food with you.Mang li ngun cung cp thc phm ln vi
bn.a variety of / a dng v The shirt is available in a variety of
colors. Chic o s mi c sn nhiu mu khc nhau 4 Adjective/ Adverb +
preposition afraid of / e ngi v, lo s v Ive always been afraid of
flying. / Ti lun lun s bay. angry at (something) / gin d v vn g
They were angry at the way they had been treated.H gin d v cch h b
i x. angry with (someone) / gin d ai I was [got] really angry with
her. / Ti thc rt gin c y. attached to / nh km, i theo The children
are very attached to their grandparents.Tr em ang rt thn vi ng b.
based on / da trn He wrote a novel based on fact / ng y vit quyn
tiu thuyt da trn thc t capable of/ kh nng, c nng lc A force 10 wind
is capable of blowing (= able and likely to blow) the roofs off
houses. Cn gi cp 10 c kh nng thi bay mi nh. close to / thn vi, gn
vi She was very close to death for a while. C y gn nh cht i 1 thi
gian. dependent on / ph thuc vo Its very easy to become dependent
on sleeping pills. / Tht l d ph thuc ng. different from / khc vi
Emily is completely different from her sister. / Emily hon ton khc
vi ch gi. disappointed by / tht vng v, tht vng b Im disappointed by
the way our team played today.Chng ti tht vng v cch i ca chng ti hm
nay chi. eligible for / t cch, thch hp cho You have to be employed
for six months to be eligible for medical benefits.Bn phi lm c 6
thng c hng li v y t. 5 essential to [for] / cn thit cho, thit yu
cho, bn cht A knowledge of English is essential for this job.Kin
thc v Anh ng l mt iu cn thit cho cng vic. familiar with / quen thuc
vi Im not familiar with current research in the field.Ti khng quen
thuc vi nghin cu hin nay trong lnh vc ny. free from / nim ph t
Because the organization is a charitable enterprise, it is free
from tax worldwide. Bi v t chc ny l doanh nghip t thin, n min ph t
thu trn ton th gii. free of / t do v My doctor told me I would
never be completely free of the disease. Bc s ca ti ni vi ti, ti s
khng bao gi hon ton thot khi cn bnh. identical to / ng nht vi, ging
vi The test are identical to those carried out last year.Bi kim tra
ging vi bi thc hin chng ti nm ngoi. inferior to / thp km hn They
felt inferior to the others until the teams international success
gave them some pride. / H cm thy thp km hn so vi cc nhm khc cho n
khi s thnh cng quc t ca i cho h nim t ho. married to / kt hn vi How
long have you been married to John? / Bn kt hn vi John bao lu ri?
preferable to / thch hp hn Surely a diplomatic solution is
preferable to war.Cch chc chn phng n ngoi giao l thch hn hn chin
tranhrelated to / quan h vi Experts believe that a large number of
cancer cases in the area are directly related to the new nuclear
power station. Cc chuyn gia tin rng 1 s lng ln cc cn bnh ung th c
lin quan trc tip n trm in ht nhn mi. 6 responsible for / chu trch
nhim, ph trch John is directly responsible for the efficient
running of the office. John chu trch nhim trc tip cho vic iu hnh
hiu qu vn phng. satisfied with / hi lng vi, tha mn vi I am not
fully satisfied with the standard of your work. / Ti khng hon ton
hi lng vi tiu chun cng vic ca bn similar to / ging vi, tng t vi I
bought some new shoes which are very similar to a pair I had
before. Ti va mua 1 vi i giy m rt ging vi i m ti c trc . subject
to/ chu, l thuc vo Japan is a country subject to earthquakes. / Nht
l quc gia chu nhiu ng t suitable for / ph hp cho, thch hp cho The
movie is rated R and is not suitable for children. / B phim ny c xp
vo R v khng ph hp cho tr em. superior to / cao cp Manufacturing
companies spend millions of dollars trying to convince customers
that their superior to those of other companies. Cng ty sn xut tri
hng triu la cho vic c gng thuyt phc khch hng cao cp ca h cho nhng
cng ty khc. surprised at [by] / ngc nhin v [bi] We were very
surprised at the result. He seemed surprised by the question. Chng
ti rt ngc nhin v kt qu. Anh dng nh ngc nhin v cu hi. 7 Verbs +
preposition account for (explain) gii thch, gii trnh The army made
no attempt to account for the missing men.Qun i khng c gng gii thch
cho nhng ngi b mt tch. accustom oneself to / lm quen vi Itll take
time for me to accustom myself to the changes.S mt thi gian cho ti
c th lm quen bn thn mnh thay i. agree to (a plan) / ng vi, k hp ng
Both sides in the conflict have agreed to the terms of the peace
treaty. C hai bn trong cu tranh ginh va ng (k) cc iu khon ca hip c
ha bnh.agree with (someone) / ng vi ai , hp vi I agree with you.
approve of / chp thun, tun theo Thoroughly approve of what the
management is doing.Tun theo trit nhng g ban iu hnh ang lm. arrive
at / n ni It was dark by the time we arrived at the station.Tri ti
vo thi im chng ti n nh ga. arrive in / n (a im khng r) Early humans
first arrived in this area over 25,000 years ago. Ngi u tin n chu
lc ny hn 25,000 nm trc. begin with / bt u vi The word cat begins
with the letter c.Ch Cat bt u vi t c believe in / tin vo I believe
in the fundamental goodness of the human nature.Ti tin vo bn cht tt
lnh ca con ngi t nhin. 8 caution somebody against something / cnh
bo ai khng lm iu g The writer cautioned the newspapers readers
against buying (= warned them not to buy) shares without getting
good advice first.Nh bo cnh bo cc c gi khng nn mua c phiu m khng
nhn c li khuyn u tin. compete with / cnh tranh vi If a company
competes with another, it tries to get people to buy its goods or
services instead of the other companies. Nu mt cng ty cnh tranh vi
cc cng ty khc, n s c gng kim ngi mua hng ha hoc dch v ca mnh thay v
ca cc cng ty khc. consist of / bao gm The team consists of four
Americans and two Europeans. i bao gm 4 Ngi M v 2 ngi u chu.
contribute to / ng gp Falling sales in the American market
contributed to the companys collapse. Gim doanh thu bn hng gm phn
khin sp cng ty. cooperate with / lin hip vi He said that he had
cooperated with the government in its investigation. Anh y ni rng
anh y lin kt vi chnh ph trong vic u t. deal with / i ph, gii quyt,
tha thun The second part of this document deals with staff
training. Phn hai ca vn bn by l gii quyt hun luyn nhn vin. Rumors
that the company had done a deal with Microsoft to market its
product. Li n cho rng cng ty c tha thun vi hang Microsoft v th trng
sn xut. decide on / quyt nh vo, la chn Were decide on a beige
carpet for the dining room. Chng ti quyt nh la chn nhng tm khan tri
cho phng n. decrease by / gim xung His salary decrease by 10%
because of the recession. Mc lng gim xung 10% bi v s suy thoi kinh
t. 9 depend on / ph thuc vo The cost of your flight depend on what
time of year you go. The citys economy depends largely on the car
industry. Gi chuyn bay ca bn ph thuc vo thi gian 1 nm bn i. Kinh t
ca cng ty ph thuc cch ln lao vo mn cng nghip xe hi. divide among
(more than two people) I think we should divide (up) the costs
equally among us. Ti ngh rng chng ta nn chia gi ra lm hai. divide
into (parts) / chia ra After World War II, Germany was divided into
two separate countries for more than four decades. Sau th chin th
2, nc c b chia lm 2 t nc phn bit sau hn 4 thp k. escape from / gii
thot A lion has escaped from its cage. Con s t thot khi ci ci
interfere with / rc ri vi,Even a low level of noise interferes with
my concentration. Ngay c vi mc n gn nhiu vi s tp trung ca ti.
invest in / u t vo The company has invested millions of dollars in
writing new programs.Cng ty u t vo hang nghn Dola vo vic vit ra cc
chng trnh mi. participate in / tham gia She never participates in
any of our discussions, does she? C y cha tng tham gia vo 1 vi quyt
nh ca chng ta, ng khng? pay for / tr cho How much did you pay for
the tickets? Gi v m bn mua l bao nhiu? 10 plan on / d nh, ln k
hoch, d tr We were planning on just having a snack and catching the
early train. Chng ta ang ln k hoch va n snack v bt xe la sm.
prepare for / chun b cho Although the crisis seems to be over, we
should prepare for a time of troubles.Mc d cho s khng hong dng nh
qua, chng ta nn chun b cho thi gian kh khn. prohibit from / cm,
khng cho php = illegal = not allowed Motor vehicles are prohibited
from driving in the towns center. Xe m t b cm khng c chy trong
trung tm th trn. recover from/ ginh li, lm li, phc hi It took her a
long while to recover from her heart operation. C y phi mt thi gian
trong khi c y phc hi sau ca phu thut tim.reply on / tr li I reply
on you for good advice. Ti tr li bn vi li khuyn tt replace A with B
/ thay th A bng B The factory replaced most of its workers with
robots. Nh my thay th hu ht cng nhn ca n bng r bt. respond to / p
ng cho The government has responded to public pressure by
abolishing the new tax. Chnh ph p ng cho p lc cng chng cho vic bi b
thu. (abolish = cancel = take off) result in / kt qu ca, dn n The
fire resulted in damage to their property. Ha hon dn n ph hy ti sn.
search for/ tm hiu v, tm kim Scientists are still searching for a
cure for the common cold. Cc nh khao hc vn nghin cu cho vic cha cc
bnh lnh thng thng. (cure = medicine or medical treatment) 11
subscribe to (mean 1: mua bo di hn. Mean 2: quyn gp) She subscribes
to womens magazines and the local newspaper. C y mua bo ph n v bo a
phng di hn. substitute A for B / thay th A cho B The company
illegally substituted cheap bolts and screws for more expensive
material. Cng tu khng cho php thay th dy buc v c vt r tin cho cc vt
liu tt. succeed in / thnh cng trong The campaign has certainly
succeeded in raising public awareness of the issue. Chin lc thnh
cng cch nht nh trong vic nng cao thc cng ng. talk about (a topic)/
ni v He spent a lot of time talking about his hobbies. Anh y mt
nhiu thi gia ni v s thch. talk to ( an audience or a person) / ni
cho ai , ni chuyn vi ai She talked to her mother on the phone every
week. C y ni chuyn vi m c y qua in thoi mi tun. wait for (something
or someone) i ci g , ai The dentist kept me waiting for ages. Bc s
nha khoa i ti tui. wait on / phc v, lm vic (ti nh hnh, qun n) She
waited on shoppers all day at the department store. C y phc v khc
hng mua sm ti khu vc trng by. 12 Others ahead of / trc(ahead of
time: trc thi hn) Im on the waiting list for a ticket, but there
are ten people ahead of me. Ti ang ch mua v, nhng cn c 10 ngi pha
trc ti. along with / theo cng; walk along: i dc theo Why dont you
take him along with you when you go? Ti sao bn khng dn anh y i cng
khi bn i? because of / bi v We had to cancel the convention because
of the bad weather. Chng hy cuc gp bi v thi tit xu. by means of /
ngha ca She tried to explain by means of sign language. C y c gng
gii thch ngha ngn ng k hiu. due to ~ beacause of / bi v, nguyn nhn
The fire was due to a faulty wire in a plug. m chy l nguyn nhn ca 1
on dy ni b li trong phch cm. in charge of / tin ph, tin phi tr Who
will be in charge of the department when Sophie leaves? Ai s tr ph
cho cn h khi Sophie ri? in favor of / ng , ng thun The majority was
in favor of the proposal. a s l ng h cho sut ny. in spite of=
although = though = even though In spite of his (= although he has
an) injury, Ricardo will play in Saturdays match. Mc d b thng,
Ricardo s vn chi trn u th by ny. instead of / thay v You can have
herbal tea instead of coffee if you want. Bn c th dng tr tho mc
thay v dng c ph nu bn mun. 13 on account of ~ because: v Shes angry
on account of what you said about her husband at lunch. C y gin v
nhng g bn ni v chng c y lc n tra. prior to ~ before / trc khi He
had showed no signs of being on pain prior to (= before) suffering
a heart attack and collapsing. Anh y khng th hin bt c du hiu no trc
khi b mt cn au tim v sp . regardless of / khng , bt chp, khng k The
plan for a new office tower went ahead regardless of local
opposition. D n dnh cho thp vn phng i trc bt chp s la chn ca a
phng. thanks to / nh vo Thanks to yesterdays rain, the morning air
was fresher than usual. Nh vo cn ma hm qua, khng kh ban ngy trong
lnh hn bnh thng. together with / cng vi That bottle of champagne,
together with those chocolates, will make a nice present.Ru ca chai
cng vi nhng s c la s l nhng mn qu xinh xn. access to / lin kt vi
The system has been designed to give the user quick and easy access
to the required information. H thng c thit k cho ngi dng lin lc d
dng v nhanh chng cc thng tin yu cu. according to / theo nh
According to the weather forecast, the weather will improve soon.
Theo nh d bo, thi tit s ci thin hn. add to / theo vo Have you
anything to add to your earlier statement? Bn c thm bt c iu g vo li
khng nh trc ? advocate for / ch trng cho, bin h cho, ng h cho Dr.
Smith has long been a practicing pediatrician and an advocate for
Childrens right. Tin s Smith l bc s thc hnh nhi khoa 1 thi gian di
v ng h cho quyn tr em. 14 ahead of time / trc thi hn Lets meet for
lunch. Ill call you ahead of time (in advanced) to fix a time and a
place. Chng ta hy i n tra, ti s gi cho bn trc i thi gian v a ch. be
aimed at / nhm, mc ch vo, tp trung vo The governments campaign is
aimed at influencing public opinion. Chin dch ca chnh ph nhm gy nh
hng n s lun. arrange for / sp xp The meeting has been arranged for
Wednesday. Cuc hp c xp vo th t. aside from / tr ra I hardly watch
any television, aside from news and current affairs. Tht kh ti xem
1 knh no, tr ra tin tc v vn hin ti at ones expense / chi ph ca I
treated my friend at my expense. / Ti iu tr bnh cho bn ca ti bng
tin ca ti. at random / cch t nhin, ngu nhin The librarian took a
book from the shelf at random. Ngi coi th vin ly 1 quyn sch t k cch
ngu nhin. at stake / ang lm nguy, ang b e da Thousands of lives
will be at stake if emergency aid does not arrive on the city soon.
Hng ngn ngi dn s b e da nu cnh bo ph khng n vi thnh ph sm.at the
rate of / mc ca, tc The car was going at the rate of 40 miles an
hour Chic xe hi chy vi tc 40 dm trong 1 gi. attribute A to B / cho
A do B The doctors have attributed the cause of the illness to an
unknown virus Bc s cho rng nguyn nhn cn bnh l do 1 virut khng tn.
be absorbed in / mit mi, m mi, tp trung, b li cun John was absorbed
in his thoughts. / John tp trung suy ngh. 15 be accustomed to +
noun/ V-ing / quen vi Im not accustomed to being treated like this.
Ti khng quen vi cch c x nh trn become acquainted with (get to know)
/ tr nn quen vi, tip cn vi John became acquainted with many
well-known writers and artists. John tr nn quen vi nhiu tc gi v nh
vn ni ting. be acquainted with / quen thuc vi Students who are
already acquainted with one language tend to find it easier to
learn a new one. Cc sinh vin m quen vi 1 ngn ng d dng hc 1 ngn ng
na. be apt to / c khuynh hng, ph hp The kitchen roof is apt to leak
when it rains. Mi nh bp cps khuynh hng dt khi tri ma. be ashamed of
/ xu h v, h thn v, ngi ngn v Oliver Twist was not ashamed of asking
for more food. Oliver Twist khng ngn ngi hi bit thm v mn n be
available to / sn cho, sn sng, min ph choIt is vital that food is
made available to the famine areas. N l thc phm sng cn c lm sn cho
khu vc i km be aware of / c kin thc, hiu bit, nhn thc Is he aware
of the price of shoes like those? (= Does he realize that that are
very expensive?) Anh y bit chc gi ca i giy? be based on / da trn,
nn tng trn The film is based on a short story by John Smith. B film
da trn cu truyn ngn ca John. be bound to / nht nh, chc chn It was
bound to happen sooner or later. N chc chn xy ra sm hn hoc tr hn be
comparable to / c th so snh vi A cave is not comparable to a house
for comfort.Mt hang khng th so snh vi 1 cn nh v tin nghi 16 be
concerned about / quan tm v, ch n Im a bit concerned about your
health. Ti c cht lo lng v sc khe ca bn. be convicted of / b cng b
He was twice been convicted of robbery. Anh ta hai ln b kt n ti n
cp be covered with / c ph bi How much of the Earths surface is
covered with water? B mt cu tri t c ph vi bao nhiu phn tram nc? be
discontented with / khng hi lng vi = not be satisfied withThe boys
are discontented with their present situation. Nhng a tr khng hi
lng vi hon cnh hin ti be eager to / ho hc, ham h, thit tha cho She
was very eager to meet you. / c y rt ho hc gp bn. be eligible for/
c t cch cho Students must pass in all subjects to be eligible for
the school team. Cc sinh vin vt qua tt c cc mn hc mi c iu khin cho
i tuyn trng. be entitled to + verb/ noun / cho quyn lm , c gi l The
one who wins is entitled to the first prize. Ngi m thng s c nhn gii
thng. be essential to / thit yu cho The accounting department is
essential to the companys organization. Phng k ton l khng th thiu
cho t chc cng ty. be experienced in (a field) kinh nghim trong, v
John is very experienced in repairing cars. John rt kinh nghim
trong sa xe my. be experienced with (something) C kinh nghim vi He
is experienced with the new computer. Anh y c kinh nghim vi my tnh
mi be faced with / i mt vi The company is faced with a difficult
situation because of the recession. Cng ty ang i mt vi tnh trng kh
khn bi khng hong kinh t be famous for / ni ting v, c bit n v 17
Korea is famous for semiconductors. Hn Quc ni ting v cht bn dn be
intended for / c nh v, dnh cho That gift was intended for you. / mn
qu d nh dnh cho bn be liable to / c bn phn That glass is liable to
break.be noted for / c bit n, c lu , c ghi ch Samson was noted for
his strength. Samson c bit n v sc mnh ca anh ybe likely to / gn nh,
c thIt is likely to be hot in August. Tri c th nng vo thng 8. be
responsible for / chu trch nhim v Each pupil is responsible for the
care of the books given to him. Mi hc sinh chu trch nhim bo qun sch
c trao. be satisfied with / hi lng vi He was satisfied with the
test result. /Anh y hi lng v kt qu kim tra. be suspicious of / ng
ng, kh nghi, a nghi ca Sometimes women are overly suspicious of
their husbands. Thnh thong ph n nghi ng cch thi qu chng ca h. Some
of his colleagues at work became suspicious of his behaviour. Mt vi
ng nghip ca anh y ch nn ng ng, ng kh nghi t hnh vi ca anh y.
betaken by surprise / rt ngc nhin That he was taken by surprise is
true. / iu anh y rt ngc nhin l s tht be willing to + verb / sn lng,
sn sng, quyt tm I am willing to wait until tomorrow. Ti sn lng ch n
ngy mai beware of / cn thn, ch You must aware of swimming in a
strong current. Bn phi cn thn bi trong dng nc ln. call on + someone
/ ku gi ai We must call on our new neighbors. Chng ta phi ku gi hng
xm ca chng ta call ones attention to / gi cnh bo n ai This is to
call your attention to the fact that your account of U.S. $1.000 is
still unpaid. 18 y l cuc goi cnh bo n bn ni cho bn ti khon thc t l
1.000 la vn cha thanh ton care for / chm sc The nurse will care for
him at the hospital. Y t s chm sc anh y trong bnh vin carry out /
tin hnh ~ conduct He carried out his job well. Anh y thc hin cng
vic cch tt p come by (= obtain) / t c, ginh c bng, tip cn bng He
came by the money honesty.Anh y ginh bng tin trung thc come down
with ~ get an illnesscm thy m bi, tr nn m bi He came down with the
measles. ng y tr nn m i bi bnh si I think I am coming down with a
cold / ti cm thy yu i bi tri lnh. come in first [ second, third ] v
nht (nh, ba, That horse came in first. Con nga v nht. come into
effect / i n tc ng, c hiu lc The marketing advertisement will come
into effect soon.Qung co, tip th s c hiu lc ngay. come to an end /
i n kt thc All good things must come to an end. Tt c mi th tt p phi
i n kt thc. compared to / so snh Model 312 is the more advanced
system, compared to Model 212. Kiu dng 312 lm h thng tt hn, so vi
kiu dng 212. compensate for / b cho, b vo The company always
compensated her for her extra work. Cng ty lun b cho c y tin lng
thm. comply with / tun theo He complied with the doctors order to
take a rest. Anh y tun theo bc s ngh ngi 19 concentrate on ~ focus
on : tp trung vo He concentrated on his reading so that he would
understand the story. Anh y tp trung c sch c th hiu c ni dung cu
chuyn. contrary to / tri ngc vi, ngc hn vi My sisters taste in
dresses is contrary to my own. S thch mc ca ch gi ti khc hn vi cch
ca ti. contribute to / gp phn vo Honesty and hard work contribute
to success and happiness. Thnh tht v chm ch gp phn vo s thnh cng v
hnh phc count on / hy vng, tin tng, trng mong vo Im sure that I can
count on your cooperation.Ti chc rng ti c th tin tng vo s hp tc ca
bn. deal with / i ph, i mt The courts deal with those who break the
laws.Ta n i ph vi nhng ngi vi phm lut decrease in / gim There has
been a decrease in our sales. c s gim doanh s bn hng demand for /
nhu cu cho There is a demand for engineers at the company. l nhu cu
dnh cho cc k s ti cng ty. deprive A of B / Tc ot A ci g (B), tc ot
B ca A The people deprived the cruel king of his power. Ngi dn tc
ot quyn lc ca cc ng vua c c A lot of these children have been
deprived of a normal home life Rt nhiu nhng a tr y b tc khi cuc sng
gia nh difference between s khc nhau gia The only different between
the twist is that Katy weighs five pounds more than Rebecca. Ch c s
khc nhau gia cun l Katy nng hn 5 pounds so vi Rebecca. 20 dispense
with / min tr, loi b, loi tr Its so warm today that I can dispense
with an overcoat. Tri kh m vo hm nay ti c th b o khoc. divide A
into B / chia A thnh B The business organization can be divided
into several different divisions. iu hnh ca cng ty c th c chia lm
cc phng ban khc nhau. do without / lm vic khng c A month after
accepting the resignation of its corporate planning director, the
company found that it will be extremely difficult to do without
him. Mt thng trc khi chp nhn nhng quy nh ca gim c k hoch lin kt,
cng ty pht hin ra rng n s rt kh lm vic khng c anh y. drag on / li
theo, ko theo The seminar dragged on and on Hi tho li ko tht nhiu.
be exposed to / b i mt, khng c bo v trc Many people were exposed to
danger. / Nhiu ngi phi i mt vi nguy him familiarize oneself with /
lm quen vi g Before playing the new game, familiarize yourself with
the rules. Trc khi chi 1 tr chi mi, bn cn t tm hiu, lm quen v lut
fill in / in vo When you apply for that job, you need to fill in
the date of your application. Khi bn np n vo cng vic , bn cn in ngy
n ca bn. fill out / hon thin, iu vo Please fill out the application
form, and send it. Xin in vo mu n v gi n i. furnished with / c cung
cp, c trang b This apartment is furnished with fine furniture. Cn h
ny c cung cp vi nhng ni tht tt nht. A room furnished with a desk
and swivel chair.Cn phng c trang b nhiu bn v gh xoay.21 get along
with / mi lin h tt The boss should get along with the employees. Ch
nn c mi lin h tt vi cc nhn vin. get in touch with / lin lc ~
contact with I will get in touch with you whenever I go. Ti s lin
lc vi bn bt c khi no ti i. get through ~ finish a task completely :
hon thnh cng vic As soon as I get through with my work, I will join
you. Ti sm hon thnh cng vic sm, ti s theo bn have an effect on / c
tc ng trn The advertising campaign didnt have much effect on sales.
Chin dch qung co khng c tc dng nhiu trn bn hang. have influence on
/ nh hng n The climate has a great influence on farming.Thi tit c
nh hng ln n nng nghip. Under the influence of / chu nh hng ca, do
nh hng ca They had come under the influence of a strange religious
sect. H chu nh hng ca 1 trng phi tr l. hold out / chu ng, chu ng [a
ra] How long can the enemy hold out? / i th c th cm c bao lu? in
[with] regard to / mi lin h, c mi lin h, lin quan n The teacher
wishes to speak to you in [with] regard to being late. Gio vin mun
ni chuyn vi bn lin quan n chuyn tr. in a row / trn mt hngThere are
three houses in a row. / C ba cn nh trn 1 hng. in accordance with /
ph hp vi, theo ng vi What he did was in accordance with what he
said. + Nhng g anh y lm theo ng vi nhng g anh y ni. Article 47 may
only be used in accordance with international law. + iu s 47 c th
ch s dng ng theo vi lut quc t. 22 Use this product only in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. + S dng nhng sn
phm ch s dng ng vi nhng hng dn ca nh sn xut in charge of / ph trch
caMr. Smith is in charge of the Marketing Department. ng Smith ph
trch phng tip th. in comparison with / so vi Even a large lake is
small in comparison with an ocean. Bt k mt h ln vn l nh so vi mt
bin. in conclusion / tm li In conclusion, I will say that it was an
honor to be the speaker at this meeting. Tm li, ti s ni rng l vinh
d khi cc din gi ti cuc hi ngh sng nay. in honor of/ trong vinh d ca
The dinner was held in honor of a colleague who was leaving. Ba ti
c t chc trong vinh d ca ng nghip m ri khi. in response to / p ng
cho, p li She laughed in response to his jokes. / c y ci p li cu
chuyn ca anh. in support of / trong s h tr ca He spoke in support
of the proposal. / Anh y ni trong s h tr ca li xut. in terms of /
iu khon ca, k hn ca The book is a big success in term of the
interest it aroused.Quyn sch thnh cng ln trong cc iu ca li ch n a
ra (khuy ra) inflict on / gy ra A knife can inflict a bad wound on
a person. Con dao c th gy ra vit thng cho 1 ngi. instead of / thay
v She watched TV instead of studying for her final exam. C y xem TV
thay v hc cho k thi c y. interfere with / tr ngi vi, phin vi, can
thip vo Never allow personal feelings to interfere with your work.
Khng bao gi cho php cm xc c nhn can thip vo cng vic ca bn 23 keep
track of / theo diThe noise made it difficult for me to keep track
of what you said. Tic n lm cho kh khn cho ti theo di nhng g bn ni I
keep track of the stock market developments Ti theo di s pht trin
ca th trng chng khon leave out (= omit) / b qun, b qua, b st She
left out two words when she read the sentence. C y b st 2 t khi c y
c cu. make up for (= compensate for) b cho, b vo, th vo He reserved
a direct flight from Los Angeles to Chicago to make up for lost
time. Anh y dnh ring chuyn bay trc tip t Angeles n Chicago b cho
thi gian mt. name after / t tn theo The Hudson River is named after
the English explorer Henry Hudson. Sng Hudson c t tn theo nh thm
him ngi Anh Herry Hudson on behalf of/ thay mt cho He worked on
behalf of his friend./ anh y lm vic thay mt cho bn anh y The lawyer
spoke convincingly on behalf of his client. Lut s ni cch thuyt phc
thay cho ch nhn ca ng ta. on account of (= because of)do, bi v The
game was delayed on account of rain.Trn u b hon do tri ma on the
waiting list He put his name on the waiting list. out of order / b
h That air conditioner is out of order. / dng my iu ha b h out of
print / khng cn in, khng cn c xut bn This magazine is out of print.
/ Cun tp tr khng cn xut bn participate in (= take part in = join)
tham gia Would you like to participate in our blood driver? Bn c
mun tham gia hin mu khng? 24 place an emphasis on / t trng tm vo
The president of the company placed a great emphasis on the
marketing campaign. Ch tch ca cng ty t trng tm ln ln d n tip th
prior to / trc I called on him prior to my departure. Ti gi cho anh
y trc khi ti khi hnh. put emphasis on / tp trung vo, t trng tm vo
My high school puts much emphasis on studies that its students
prepare for college. Trng hc t nhiu trng tm vo cc nghin cu m sinh
vin chun b vo i hc put in for / t vo He put in for a transfer to
the Sales Department. Anh y t 1 s chuyn i n phng ban hng. put up
with / chu ci g , t ci g ln I couldnt put up with the boredom. Ti
khng th chu ng c s nhm chn. raise the question/ a cu hi, nu ra cu
hi The president raised the question concerning the upcoming
merger. Ch tch nu ra cc cu hi lin quan n s xc nhp sp n. regardless
of / khng ch , khng quan tm n Regardless of its location or
facilities, a park is intended for the enjoyment of all. Khng quan
tm n v tr hoc iu kin thun li, khu vc l dnh cho ngh ngi. remind A of
B / nhc A v B The picture reminds me of a story I heard. Bc tranh
nhc ti n cu chuyn ti nghe. run [take] a risk of / chp nhn ri ro t
In order to win the war we had to take the risk of offering neutral
nations. Vi mc ch thng cuc chin chng ta phi chp nhn ri ro t vic ra
cc nc trung lp run out of / ht sch, khng cnMy mother ran out of
eggs and had to borrow some from our neighbor. M ti khng cn trng v
phi mn 1 vi t ngi hng xm. 25 run short / trong thi gian ngn, c
trong 1 thi gian ngn The hunters supply of food ran short at the
end of the long winter. S cung cp thc phm ca ngi sn c thi gian ngn
vo cui ca mu ng di. set out / ra Salesmen who deliberately set out
to defraud customers Ngi bn hng ngi c ra la khch hng. They set out
with the aim of becoming the number one team in the league. H ra mc
tiu tr thnh 1 i bng trong gii u. set up (= establish) thit lp, thnh
lp He sold his business and set up a new one. Anh ta bn cng ty anh
ta v thit lp ci mi show off (= display) th hin, din, khoe Most
girls like to show off fine clothes. / hu ht cc ph n thch khoe qun
o p show up (= appear) / xut hin, th hin ra The golfer shower up
one hour late for his match. Ngi nh golf th hin 1 gi cui trn u ca
anh y. sign up for ~ regester in Did you sign up for a computer
class? Bn ng k vo lp hc my tnh ng khng? specialize in / chuyn gia
trong, chuyn trong Many students specialize in engineering. Nhiu
sinh vin chuyn ngnh k thut stand by (= support) / bn cnh, h tr I
delivered a speech to stand by the government policy. Ti pht biu di
s h tr ca chnh sch chnh ph. stand for (= represent) tng trng cho,
tiu biu cho, thay mt cho The blue bird stands for happiness. / Con
chim mu xanh tng trng cho hnh phc. stop by / dng li Mr. Smith
stopped by his parents house on the way home. ng Smith dng li nh ba
m ng y trn ng v nh. 26 subscribe to ~ regester in / ng k , quyn tin
We subscribe to a few magazines. / Chng ti ng k 1 vi t bo. He
subscribe 100 dollars to the flood relief fund. Anh ta quyn gp 100
dola cho qu cu tr nn lt. succeed in / Thnh cng trong She was filled
with the aspiration to succeed in life. C y c y kht vng thnh cng
trong cuc sng... take ~ for granted / cho iu g l tt nhin People
take the continuation of economic growth for granted. Con ngi cho l
s pht trin kinh t lin tc l iu tt nhin. take advantage of ~ make use
of: tn dng You shouldnt take advantage of his generosity. Bn khng
nn li dng lng tt ca anh y. take into consideration / mt thi gian
xem xt, dnh thi gian xem xt. The judge took the boys age into
consideration. Thm phn mt thi gian xem xt tui a b. take turns ~
alternate / thay phin, lun chuyn They took turn watching the baby.
/ H thay phin coi em b. tend to / c xu hng ti Farm tend to use more
machinery now. Nng nghip c xu hng dng nhiu my mc hn. throughout the
day / thng qua 1 ngy, sut 1 ngy He worked hard throughout the day.
/ Anh y lm vic sing nng sut 1 ngy. trial and error / tri nghim v
sai lm We can learn through trial and error. Chng ta c th hc thng
qua tri nghim v sai lm turn in (= submit, hand in) / cho php The
general manager turned in the finished proposal to the president.
Tng gim c cho php xut hon thin n th tng. 27 under construction /
ang xy dng The factory is under construction. / Nh my ang xy dng
with the exception of / vi ngoi tr ca I like all my studies with
the exception of economics. Ti thch tt c mn hc, nghin cu ca ti nga
tr v kinh t work out / luyn tp I saw John working out in the
gymnasium. Ti thy John luyn tp th dng th hnh. Afraid of =
Frightened of = Terrified of = Scare of: s hi Her father had an
awful temper and she was always frightended of him. B c y c thi nng
ny khng khip v c y lun s hi ng y. Ahead of: ng u There were four
people ahead of me at the doctors table. C n 1 ngi ph trc ti ti bn
bc s. A hill loomed ahead of them. / Ngn i l m xut hin trc mt
Ashamed of: xu h I felt ashamed of the things Id said to him /Ti cm
thy xu h nhng g ti ni vi anh y. Aware of = Conscious of: thc c iu g
I was very conscious of the fact that I had to make a good
impression. Ti c thc v thc t c c n tng tt. Considerate of: quan tm
chu o It was very considerate of you to let us know you were going
to be late. Tht la chu o bn cho bit rng bn s n tr He was always
kind and considerate. Anh y lun lun t t v chu o Confident of: tin
tng The team feels confident of winning / i bng cm thy t tin chin
thng. Capable of: c th, c kh nng The company isn't capable of
handling an order that large. Cng ty khng c kh nng x l 1 n hng ln.
I'm perfectly capable of looking after myself, thank you! 28 Ti hon
ton c th t chm sc bn thn, cm n! Envious of: ghen t Colleagues were
envious of her success. / ng nghip ghen t vi s thnh cng ca c y.
Fond of : thch th I am not overly fond of cooking / Ti hon ton khng
hng th vi nu n. Id grown fond of the place and it was difficult to
leave. Ti ln ln vi gn b vi ni ny, tht kh ri n. Full of: y The
kitchen was full of smoke. Nh bp y khi thuc. Guilty of: c ti The
jury found her guilty of murder. Thm phn tm thy ti git ngi ca c y.
Hopeful of: hy vng He is still hopeful of playing in Saturday's
game. Anh y vn hy vng chi tr chi vo th by Independent of: c lp We
need a central bank that is independent of the govement. Chng ta cn
1 ngn hng trung tm m c lp vi chnh ph. Irrespective of: bt chp, khng
quan tm The course is open to anyone, irrespective of age. Kha hc c
m ra cho mi ngi, bt chp tui tc. Jealous of: ghen tung They are very
jealous of their good reputation (= they do not want to lose it) H
ghen t vi chnh danh ting ca h. In no time at all (in a very short
time): trong mt thi gian rt ngn. He finished his assignment in no
time at all. /Anh ta lm bi xong trong mt thi gian rt ngn. In the
way (obstructing): chon ch, cn ng. He could not park his car in the
driveway because another car was in the way. Anh ta khng th u xe ch
li xe vo nh v mt chic xe khc chon ch. 29 PREPOSITION During = trong
sut (hot ng din ra lin tc) From = t >< to = n From ... to
...= t ... n...( dng cho thi gian v ni chn) From time to time = i
khi, thnh thong Out of = ra khi Out of + noun = ht, khng cn Out of
town = i vng Out of date = c, lc hu >< up to date = mi, cp
nht Out of work = tht nghip, mt vic Out of the question = khng th
Out of order = hng, khng hot ng By: ng t ch chuyn ng + by = i ngang
qua (walk by the library) ng t tnh + by = gn (your books are by the
window) by + thi gian c th = trc lc, cho n lc (hnh ng cho n lc phi
xy ra) by + phng tin giao thng = i bng by then = cho n lc (dng cho
c QK v TL) by way of= theo ng... = via by the way = mt cch tnh c,
ngu nhin by the way = by the by = nhn y, nhn tin by far + so snh
(thng l so snh bc nht)=>dng nhn mnh by accident = by mistake =
tnh c, ngu nhin >< on purpose In = bn trong In + month/year
In time for = In good time for = ng gi (thng kp lm g, hi sm hn gi
nh mt cht) In the street = di lng ng In the morning/ afternoon/
evening In the past/future = trc kia, trong qu kh/ trong tng lai In
future = from now on = t nay tr i In the begining/ end = at first/
last = thot u/ rt cuc In the way = ngang li, chn li Once in a while
= i khi, thnh thong In no time at all = trong nhy mt, mt thong In
the mean time = meanwhile = cng lc In the middle of (a im)= gia In
the army/ airforce/ navy In + the + STT + row = hng th... 30 In the
event that = trong trng hp m In case = phng khi, ng nh Get/ be in
touch/ contact with Sb = lin lc, tip xc vi ai On = Trn b mt. On +
th trong tun/ ngy trong thng. On + a/the + phng tin giao thng = trn
chuyn/ ln chuyn... On + ph = a ch ... (nh B.E: in + ph). On the +
STT + floor = tng th... On time = va ng gi (bt chp iu kin bn ngoi,
ngha mnh hn in time) On the corner of = gc ph (gia hai ph) Ch : In
the corner = gc trong At the corner = gc ngoi/ ti gc ph On the
sidewalk = pavement = trn va h Ch : On the pavement (A.E.)= trn mt
ng nha (Dont brake quickly on the pavement or you can slice into
another car) On the way to: trn ng n >< on the way back to:
trn ng tr v On the right/left On T.V./ on the radio On the phone/
telephone = gi in thoi, ni chuyn in thoi On the phone = nh c mc in
thoi (Are you on the phone?) On the whole= ni chung, v i th On the
other hand = tuy nhin= however Ch : On the one hand = mt mt th on
the other hand = mt khc th (On the one hand, we must learn the
basic grammar, and on the other hand, we must combine it with
listening comprehension) on sale = for sale = c bn, bn on sale
(A.E.)= bn h gi = at a discount (B.E) on foot = i b At = ti At + s
nh At + thi gian c th At home/ school/ work At night/noon (A.E : at
noon = at twelve = gia tra (she was invited to the party at noon,
but she was 15 minutes late)) At least = ch t, ti thiu >< at
most = ti a At once =ngay lp tc At present/ the moment = now Ch : 2
thnh ng trn tng ng vi presently nhng presently se khc nhau v ngha
nu 31 n ng cc v tr khc nhau trong cu: Sentence + presently (=
soon): ngay tc th ( She will be here presently/soon) Presently +
sentence (= Afterward/ and then) : ngay sau S + to be + presently +
Ving = at present/ at the moment (He is presently working toward
his Ph.D degree) At times = i khi, thnh thong At first = thot u
>< at last = cui cng At the beginning of / at the end of... =
u/ cui (dng cho thi gian v a im). At + tn cc ngy l: at Christmas,
at Thanks Giving ... Nhng on + tn cc ngy l + day = on Christmas day
... Trong dng informal E., on trc cc th trong tun i khi b lc b: She
is going to see her boss (on) Sun. morning. At/in/on thng c khng
dng trong cc thnh ng ch thi gian khi c mt: next, last, this, that,
one, any, each, every, some, all. At + a im: at the center of the
building At + nhng a im ln (khi xem n nh mt ni trung chuyn hoc gp
g):The plane stopped 1 hour at Washington D.C. before continuing on
to Atlanta. At + tn cc to nh ln(Khi xem nh 1 hnh ng s xy ra ch khng
cp n to nh): There is a good movie at the Center Theater. At + tn
ring cc t chc: She works at Legal & General Insurence. At + tn
ring ni cc trng s hoc khu vc i hc:She is studying at the London
school of Economics. At + tn cc hot ng qui t thnh nhm: at a party/
lecture... Mt s cc thnh ng dng vi gii t. On the beach: trn b bin.
Along the beach: Dc theo b bin. In place of = Instead of: thay cho,
thay v. For the most part: chnh l, ch yu l = mainly. In hope of +
V-ing = Hoping to + V = Hoping that + sentence = vi hi vng l. Off
and on: Dai dng, ti hi all of a sudden= suddenly = bng nhin for
good = forever: vnh vin, mi mi. 32
