Word Work

• Prefixes:– ir- : not, opposite of • Irrational• Irrelevant

– Mid-: halfway, at the center of• Midway• Midnight

Word Work

• Prefixes– Inter- : between• International• Interactive

– Over-: beyond, more than, too much• Overpowering• Overpriced

Word Work

• Roots– Aud/audi: hearing• Auditorium• Audio

– Mono: one, single• Monochrome• Monotheism

Word Work

• Suffixes– -less : without• Regardless• Careless

– -ful: full of, characterized by• Careful• Beautiful

Juxtaposition

Juxtaposition

• Placing two unlike elements together in text to show a contrast between the two

• Used to make a point

Juxtaposition Examples

“Birthdays was the worst days / now we sip champagne when we thirsty”

-- The Notorious B.I.G., “Juicy”

The idea of birthdays being bad days (due to really feeling that he was poor) is juxtaposed with the present-day image of having enough money to drink expensive champagne whenever he wants.

Juxtaposition Examples

“This [guy] graduated at the top of our class / I went to Cheesecake, he was a waiter there”

-- Kanye West, “School Spirit”

What is being juxtaposed in these lyrics?

Juxtaposition Examples

“I pity the fool with jewels like Mr. T With no history in my borough, they borrowWith no intentions of returnin', tomorrowThe sun don't come out for many, like Annie”

-- Jay-Z, “Brooklyn (Go Hard)”

What is being juxtaposed in these lines?

Lauryn Hill

• First rose to fame as a member of the Fugees • Released her debut solo album in 1999 after

the bitter breakup of the group• That album, The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill,

was a huge critical and commercial success, winning the Grammy for Album of the Year (the first hip hop album to do so, and still only one of two)

“Everything is Everything”

Listen to the song and read along with the lyrics. Where do you find examples of juxtaposition in Hill’s lyrics?

“Everything is Everything”[Hook 1 x2]

Everything Is EverythingWhat is meant to be, will be

After winter, must come springChange, it comes eventually

[Verse 1]I wrote these words for everyone who struggles in their youth

Who won't accept deception, in--instead of what is truthIt seems we lose the game

Before we even start to playWho made these rules? (Who made these rules?)

We're so confused (We're so confused)Easily led astray

Let me tell ya that...

[Hook 2]Everything is everythingEverything is everything

After winter, must come springEverything is everything

“Everything is Everything”I philosophy

Possibly speak tonguesBeat drum, Abyssinian, street Baptist

Rap this in fine linen, from the beginningMy practice extending across the atlas

I begat thisFlipping in the ghetto on a dirty mattressYou can't match this rapper slash actress

More powerful than two CleopatrasBomb graffiti on the tomb of Nefertiti

MCs ain't ready to take it to the SerengetiMy rhymes is heavy like the mind of sister Betty

L-Boogie spars with stars and constellationsThen came down for a little conversation

Adjacent to the king, fear no human beingRoll with cherubims to Nassau Coliseum

Now hear this mixture, where Hip Hop meets scriptureDevelop a negative into a positive picture

“Everything is Everything”

[Verse 3]Sometimes it seems

We'll touch that dreamBut things come slow or not at all

And the ones on top, won't make it stopSo convinced that they might fall

Let's love ourselves and we can't failTo make a better situation

Tomorrow, our seeds will growAll we need is dedication

Let me tell ya that