Woodlands Lecture

8/2/2019 Woodlands Lecture

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Child Oral Health

Dr.(Mrs.) Machila Perera


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TEETHING

NURSING BOTTLE SYNDROME/EARLY

CHILDHOOD CARIESDENTAL CARIES/TOOTH DECAY

ORAL MUCOSAL LESIONS

TRAUMA TO TEETH

MALOCCLUSION


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What type of Diet?

Does a woman loose calcium from teeth

during pregnancy?

Gum diseases & pregnancy Radiographs/x-rays during pregnancy

How to keep the mouth healthy during

pregnancy?


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Eruption of milk teeth often starts at the age

of 6 months.

All 20 milk teeth have erupted by the age of

2yrs. Serial eruption or Multiple eruption

It can appear as ;

1. Reddish gum

2. Swollen gum over the erupting tooth

3. Fluid filled blister

4. Hard texture over the gum


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Teething may also cause following symptoms;

Increased drooling

Restless or decreased sleeping due to gumdiscomfort.

Refusal of food due to soreness of the gum

region.

Fussiness that comes & goes

Bringing the hands into the mouth

Mild rash around the mouth due to irritation

secondary to excessive drooling Mild temperature

Loose motion


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Pain relief/pain killer

Rub the affected gum

Provide safe objects for the baby to chew on,

such as teething rings


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main cause is the baby falling asleep while

breast feeding or bottle feeding.


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The sugary portion of the milk or juice which

stagnates on the tooth surface reacts with

bacteria in the childs mouth causing toothdecay.

This involves mainly the front teeth(anterior

teeth).


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Early stages appear as white chalky marks in the

four upper front teeth.

If left untreated further tooth decay progress


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Tooth decay further progresses until it

become as follows. It may even result dental

abscesses.


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1. Brush/Clean your childs teeth daily.

Do not allow your child to fall asleep with a bottlefilled with milk, juice or any other sugary liquid.

Do not allow your child to sip a bottle with sugaryproducts for long periods as a pacifier.

Try to introduce a bottle of water during naps in thenight, as they are not hungry but thirsty most of thetime.

Use a wet gauze to clean the front teeth after givingmilk(breast feeding/bottle).

Introduce a cup instead of a bottle as soon as theyturn 1yr.

Dental check ups.


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Can involve any tooth.

Main cause is the formation of acid on the

tooth surface that decalcifies the tooth.


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1. RESTORATION (TF,PF,RCT)

2. EXTRACTION

CONTROL SWEETS

PROPER BRUSHING


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APHTHOUS ULCERS :

MUCOCELE: collection of saliva due to trauma to

the minor salivary glands.


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Allergies to medicines: can appear as oral

lesions.

Some viral infections eg: Hand, Foot & mouthdisease manifests mucosal lesions in

children.

All above lesions need to be checked by a

dental surgeon.


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Main causes include accidental falls during

playing, road traffic accidents, etc,

Trauma to teeth can range from a simple crack up

to an avulsion of a tooth.


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Subluxation/loosening of tooth from the bone

socket

Intrusion/tooth displacing further towards the

bone


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Avulsion: Entire tooth has completely displaced

from the socket.

First bleeding must be arrested applying pressure or with ice.

Avulsed tooth should be carried in normal saline, breast milk or

saliva.Go to the hospital ASAP.

Treatment vary according to the type of trauma.


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OTHER MALOCCLUSIONS:

MAIN CAUSES ARE:

1. Thumb sucking

2. Nail biting

3. Prolonged bottle feeding


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1. Prevention of habit : use plasters, boxing

gloves, applying bitter liquids on the fingers

2. Habit breaking appliances

3. Orthodontic treatment


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DIET?

- Balanced diet, which includes calcium, iron,

vitamins,etc..

Loosing calcium from teeth duringpregnancy?

- Its a myth

Gum diseases during pregnancy

- common/ due to hormonal changes

- Disappear after delivery


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Radiographs/ x-rays during pregnancy

- Avoid as much as possible

- Radiation from dental x-rays are very

minimal/ use a lead apron while being

exposed.

How to keep the mouth healthy during

pregnancy?

- Periodic visits to the dentist.

- Proper brushing

- Controlling sweets


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1. Brushing Instructions

- Children require parental supervision during brushing.

- But following points are important to remember.

Correct brush- angulated

- medium bristles Correct brushing technique

- start from a corner

- look at a mirror

Frequency of brushing- twice daily

- 10 mins


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Fluoridated toothpaste advise children to

spit after brushing but not to swallow. As

ingestion of fluoride will end up as fluorosisof teeth.


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2. Control dietary habits

Control sweets

Eat more fruits/vegetables

3. Dental treatment for caries susceptibleareas


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