Wood Whale Oil Coal → Oil → Gas Era Alternatives Hidden ... · producing oil and gas from tight-petroleum reservoirs. Oil production in the US started in 1850s with a total production

Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum

Geological Survey of

Western Australia

Hidden potential in tight petroleum reservoirs of Western Australia: a review

K. Ameed R. Ghori Geological Survey of Western Australia

Perth Convention & Exhibition Centre

Friday, February 24, 2017 - 3:00 PM - 3:25 PM

Natural Gas Era

Pre Wood Whale Oil Post - Alternatives Coal → Oil → Gas Era

Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum Government of Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum

Presentation - overview

• Background - Energy in the next century

• Energy use and outlook

• Geological and technological advancements

• Australian resources

• Western Australian resources

• Conclusions


Background - World Energy Mix

Affordable → Available → Reliable → Sustainable

• Crude Oil – Transportation

• Coal – Electricity: lifting poverty of poor nations

Continuous not intermittent

• Methane-Hydrogen-Nuclear

Various technologies - yet-to-be-developed

(Scott Tinker AAPG Explorer Jan 2017)


Western Australian Energy Mix

55

30

13

2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Natural gas Crude oil Coal Renewable

Percentage Natural gas and power are

fundamental to the world’s

economic growth + quality of life,

including Western Australia


Energy Outlook - EIA 2016

84% Fossil Fuel and others16% 78% Fossil Fuel and others22%

Australia: 38% oil, 32% coal, 24% gas and 6% renewables (2013-14)


Petroleum Production 2015

326767.1

22358.1

194.79

2034.4

19087.98

227946.9

16.8588

260855.806

1.00

10.00

100.00

1,000.00

10,000.00

100,000.00

1,000,000.00

Carnarvon Canning Perth

Oil (kL)

Condensate (kL)

Gas (KCM)

329,000 kL Liquid + 228 KCM Gas 19,000 kL Liquid + 261 KCM Gas

Quality and Quantity of

Reservoirs

The US is leading the world in producing oil and gas from tight-petroleum reservoirs.

Oil production in the US started in 1850s with a total production of 2000 barrels of oil.

Since then, developments continued in geoscientific techniques with drilling and well-completion technologies.

Geology and technology enabled production from the tightest and richest shale reservoirs.

The US achieved the world’s highest oil and gas production in 2012; the equivalent of over 25 million barrels per day.

However, potential of tight petroleum reservoirs is hidden in other countries, including Australia and specifically, Western Australia.

Shale has massive global energy resource

Out look AAPG Explorer June 2015


Resource categories

Remaining

Technically recoverable

Economically recoverable

Proved reserves

Crude oil Natural gas

Australia

USA

USA 437 Tcf Gas

17.4 B bbl Oil

EIA 2013

1000 Tcf Gas

Cook et. al,2013

USA Production in Federal and Non-Federal Areas

Policy that affects energy supply should be based on sound and factual geoscience rather than a collection of misstatements and misrepresentations of fact.

Hydraulic fracturing, access to public lands, carbon storage, energy supply are not just North American issues, but worldwide issues affecting the geoscience professional.

Source: Explorer October 2016


Global gas resources

15 Richest countries

437 Tcf Gas 17.4 B bbl Oil

EIA 2013

1000 Tcf Gas

Cook et. al,2013

No Activity

19.2 Tcf Gas

Highest

Activity Cooper Basin

93 Tcf gas

1.6 B bbls oil

29 wells

43.7

12.8

Tcf Gas

33 Tcf Gas

500 M bbls Oil

Fitzroy & Gregory

troughs Carboniferous Laurel

Formation

Officer Basin Neoproterozoic

Steptoe, Kanpa,

Hussar & Browne

formations

Dandaragan

Trough Triassic Kockatea

Shale & Permian

Carynginia Formation

Willara & Kidson

sub-basins Ordovician Goldwyer

Formation

Merlinleigh &

Byro sub-basins Permian Byro &

Wooramel groups

Perth Basin

Carnarvon

Basin

Canning

Basin

Officer

Basin

Upper Devonian Petroleum System. Current discoveries

Lower Carboniferous Petroleum System.

Major current discoveries

Ordovician Petroleum System.

Major shale resources

Canning Basin

Canning Basin Tight-petroleum

resources

Energy Information Agency/ Advanced Resources International

Shale Gas & Oil

Devonian-

Carboniferous

Tight-sand

(~300Tcf Buru)

and shale plays

Ordovician

Shale-

petroleum

Plays

Gas: 229 Tcf

Oil: 10 B bbls


Ordovician petroleum systems

Goldwyer


Canning Basin production - 2012

0.0

2,000.0

4,000.0

6,000.0

8,000.0

10,000.0

12,000.0

14,000.0

Blina Boundary Sundown Ungani WestTerrace

Oil kilo Litres

Significant discovery for the basin

Dandaragan

Trough

Bunbary

Trough

Mandurah

Terrace

Tectonic

Units

Perth Basin • Time-stratigraphy

• Source

• Reservoirs

• Petroleum systems


Perth Basin - 2015

194.79

31 40.18

18381.1

260.1 375.6

3196.1 2328.53

11143.45

129.391

77746.235 128152.1

38160

1.00

10.00

100.00

1,000.00

10,000.00

100,000.00

1,000,000.00

BeharraSpringsNorth

Corybas Dongara Hovea Red Gully Redback Tarantula

Oil (kL)

Condensate (kL)

Gas (KCM)

Tight

sand

Fracturing Quality - Petrography Permian Carynginia Formation

Redback 1: 3762.00 m

TOC = 2.38%

Ro = 1.40%

Brittleness: 0.38

Triassic Kockatea Shale

Redback 2: 3788.52 m

TOC = 2.29%

Ro = 1.32%

Brittleness: 0.29

Petroleum Resources

Permian Carynginia

Formation: Gas 24.8 Tcf

Triassic Kockatea

Shale: Gas 7.9 Tcf

Oil: 0.54 billion bbl

Gas Reserves: 0.05 Tcf (2P)

Gas Resources: 0.33 Tcf (2C)

Gas Reserves: 12 Tcf

(GIIP)

Source: Department

of Mines &

Petroleum

Source: EIA/ARI

2013

Total Gross: + 700 Bcf

Waitsia Gasfield 2014

largest on shore discovery

Reserves: 89 Bcf (2P)

Resources: 153 Bcf (2C) Source: AWE 2015

Carnarvon Basin Merlinleigh Sub-basin

Byro &

Wooramel

Groups

NSE; 1.18 Tcf gas


Vines 1

Western Officer Basin

Neoproterozoic Steptoe Formation

Kanpa Formation

Hussar Formation

Browne Formation


Conclusions – tight petroleum

• WA energy mix include gas/oil/coal = 98%.

• Conventional production is declining and energy demand is increasing

Solution:

• Tight-petroleum Geographic and stratigraphic

Distribution red high-lighted


Conclusions – tight petroleum

• Exploration for tight reservoirs is at a very early stage; more work is needed to estimate and verify the tight petroleum resources of the vastly underexplored onshore Western Australian basins.

• By comparison, Western Australian basins have only 15 vertical wells for shale/sand plays in comparison with tens of thousands of horizontal wells in the US.


Petroleum geoscientists - mission

• To promote the geoscience and technology for exploring, finding, and producing petroleum in an economically and environmentally sound manner.

• To disseminate information relating to the geology and the associated technology of petroleum, natural gas, other subsurface fluids, and energy mineral resource.


Thanks:

Questions Time

Pre • Wood

• Whale Oil

Fossil Fuel Era

• Coal

• Oil

• Gas

Post • Alternative

• New Energies

84% 16%

Documents

Wood Whale Oil Coal → Oil → Gas Era Alternatives Hidden ... · producing oil and gas from tight-petroleum reservoirs. Oil production in the US started in 1850s with a total production