Women Enterprise Fund Report (Kenya)

7/31/2019 Women Enterprise Fund Report (Kenya)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/women-enterprise-fund-report-kenya 1/73

@BYE_NCENZ BI LENVK

CFNF]Z_V BI @ENJE_! MHFAJ_EN KNJ ]BMFKA JEYEABTCENZ

PBCEN ENZE_T_F]E IUNJ

\PEIS

_KTFJ K]]E]]CENZ _ETB_Z

HE_CKN KOEA] ” HEN_V BLEZMH

OAUE _HFNB MBN]UAZ

CK_MH ?446

]TBN]B_EJ OV UNFIEC



ZKOAE BI MBNZENZ]

T_EIKME :

EXEMUZFYE ]UCCK_V 5

; FNZ_BJUMZFBN KNJ OKML@_BUNJ7

ZHE PBCEN ENZE_T_F]E IUNJ 0

;.; OKML@_BUNJ BI ZHE _KTFJ K]]E]]CENZ 0

Fnzrbjumfn` zhe PEI 0

_ktfj Kecenz _kzfbnkae 0

;.? K]]E]]CENZ T_BME]] 8

Mbnzrkmzfn`! Exemuzfbn knj Cezhbjbab`v 8

_etbrz Oufaz#Ut 8

Kttremfkzfbn 6

? MBNMETZUKA TB]FZFBNFN@7

ZHE PEI _EYFEPEJ K@]FN]Z FNZE_NKZFBNKA ]ZKNJK_J] ;;

?.; ZHE ECE_@ENME BI FNZE_NKZFBNKA ]ZKNJK_J] ;;

Zhe _fe bi Cbjern Cfmrbifnknme ;;

Ifrz Fnjuzrv ]zknjkrj ;?

Nep Kcofzfbn knj Nep ]zknjkrj ;=

?.? JFYE_@FN@ BTFNFBN] ;:

Mrkml fn zhe Cfmrbifnknme Mbnenu ;:

Jfiierenz Jeafyerv ]vzec ;5

Zhe Tuoafm @bbj Mbnmetz ;5Tuoafm ]emzbr _etbne ;9

Zkrèzej Aenjfn` ;0

?.= LEV KTT_EMFKZFBN F]]UE] ;8

@byerncenz _ezkfa Aenjfn` ;8

]uofjfwej Fnzerez _kze ;6

Trb`rkc ]uzkfnkofafzv ?;

PEI Tbfzfbnfn` ??

= CK_LEZ TB]FZFBNFN@7

ZHE PEI _EYFEPEJ FN ZHE MBNZEXZ BI LENVKN CFM_BIFNKNME ?==.; TBAFMV I_KCEPB_L ?=

Ibunjfn` Jbmucenz ?=

Mafenz Zkrèzfn` Tbafmv ?:

Mbneuenme bi Zkrèzfn` knj Trfmfn` Tbafmfe ?5

Zhe Aeyea bi ]trekj knj fz Mbneuenme ?9

=.? ZHE @ENJE_ TE_]TEMZFYE FN CFM_BIFNKNME ?0

Zhebrv knj Trkmzfme ?0

@enjer fn Lenvkn Cfmrbifnknme ?8

Mafenz ]zrkzfifmkzfbn ?6

Mbtfn` knj Jeyeabtcenz ]zrkze`fe =;

Kmme Fue =?Fnzerez _kze Fue =?

?



@enjer Tertemzfye knj Bttbrzunfzv Mbz ==

Pbcen @rbut knj ]kyfn` knj Mrejfz @rbut =:

Tbyerzv Ibmu =5

=.= MAFENZ ZK_@EZFN@ KNJ T_BJUMZ JE]F@N =9

Tkrznerhft Oufajfn` knj ]vner`v =9

]vner`v ]zrkze`v =0]zren`zh Kecenz =8

Jfiierenzfkzfbn knj Jfkabùe =6

: PEI TE_IB_CKNME7

_EYFEPFN@ ZHE CIF TK_ZNE_]HFT] KNJ ZHE MPEIM CBJEA :4

:.; ZHE CIF TK_ZNE_]HFT] :4

PEI Mbccfzcenz :4

PEI Jfourecenz :4

Kjjfzfbnka Mbnjfzfbnkafzfe :;

Akmlfn` Mbnjfzfbnkafzfe :?

Bn Okaknme :?

Zhe Lenvkn Cfmrbifnknme Mbnzexz :=

_embnmfafn` _eùakzbrv pfzh Iunj _eufrecenz :=

]bmfka Teribrcknme ::

Okml zb zhe Jrkpfn` Obkrj :5

:.? ZHE JFYF]FBNKA PEI T_B@_KC :5

@enerka Iekzure :5

Abkn Teribrcknme :9

Abkn Trbmefn` :0

Trbjumz Jef`n knj Zerc :0

Jecknj knj ]uttav :8@rbut Jvnkcfm :8

Mhknnea ]vner`v :6

Jemffbn#Cklfn` Fue :6

:.= PEI‖] FN]ZFZUZFBNKA TE_IB_CKNME 5;

]zkze bi Kiikfr7 CIF Tkrznerhft Mhknnea 5;

Iunj yeru Trb`rkc 5;

Iuzure Tertemzfye 5?

5 _EMBCCENJKZFBN]7

I_BC HEMZFM OE@FNNFN@] ZB K YFO_KNZ T_B@_KC 5=

5.; ZHE CIF MHKNNEA 5=Tbfnz bi Jetkrzure 5=

_embccenjkzfbn ;.;7 Mafenz Zkrèzfn` 5=

_embccenjkzfbn ;.?7 Trbjumz Jef`n 5=

_embccenjkzfbn ;.=7 _eaeke bi Iunj knj _eyfep bi Mbnzrkmz 5:

_embccenjkzfbn ;.:7 Tkrznerhft ]eaemzfbn knj Zenjer _eyfep 5:

_embccenjkzfbn ;.57 Bne#]zbt ]hbttfn` Takme ibr CIF 55

5.? ZHE MPEIM MHKNNEA 55

Tbfnz bi Jetkrzure 55

_embccenjkzfbn ?.;7 Trbjumz Jfyerfifmkzfbn 55

_embccenjkzfbn ?.?7 Iaexfofafzv bi _etkvcenz Zerc59_embccenjkzfbn ?.=7 _eyfep bi Kecenz Trbmejure 59

=



_embccenjkzfbn ?.:7 ]fctafifmkzfbn bi zhe Kttrbyka Trbmejure 50

_embccenjkzfbn ?.57 Orknjfn` knj Nkcfn` 58

_embccenjkzfbn ?.97 Fnmaujfn` k Trbiefbnka Btfnfbn fn zhe Trbmejure 58

_embccenjkzfbn ?.07 Mbccunfmkzfbn knj Treenzkzfbn bi zhe Iunj 56

_embccenjkzfbn ?.87 Ceezfn` Mktfzka _eufrecenz 94

_embccenjkzfbn ?.67 Eufzkoae yeru _ekafzfm _eburme Kaabmkzfbn 94_embccenjkzfbn ?.;47 Mbzfn` knj _eburme Kaabmkzfbn 9;

_embccenjkzfbn ?.;;7 Mbzfn` knj Mbz#]hkrfn` 9?

_embccenjkzfbn ?.;?7 _etkvcenz ]mhejuae 9=

5.= FN]ZFZUZFBNKA AEYEA 9=

Tbfnz bi Jetkrzure 9=

_embccenjkzfbn =.;7 ]eai#Mbnifjenme 9=

_embccenjkzfbn =.?7 _eyfepfn` Kaa PEI Bogemzfye 9:

_embccenjkzfbn =.=7 Makfcfn` k Takme k Trkmzfzfbner 9:

KNNEX ;7 AFZE_KZU_E BYE_YFEP 99

Fnzernkzfbnka ]zknjkrj 99

Cfmrbifnknme fn Lenvk 90

KNNEX ?7 JKZK I_BC ZHE IFEAJ 96

Trbme 96

_euaz 04

:



T_EIKME

K pfaa oe krùej fn zhf retbrz! zhe Pbcen Enzertrfe Iunj f k ikfrav unfue trb`rkc bn

zpb kmmbunz. Bn zhe bne hknj fz `be k`kfnz ckfnzrekc zhfnlfn` fn cfmrbifnknme zhkz jbenbz enjbre tuoafm emzbr fnybayecenz fn rezkfa mrejfz jeafyerv bzher zhkn zhrbu`h `byerncenz

oknl< bn zhe bzher f hk fnzkaaej k jbuoae fctaecenzkzfbn zrkze`v k iunj kre tkrzav takmej

pfzh retuzej ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn. Ibr mbnuazknz fz f trbiefbnkaav mhkaaen`fn` zb zujv knj

ke zhe pbrlfn` bi umh k unfue trb`rkc fn trkmzfme. Zhe unjerf`nej kre `rkzeiua ibr zhe

fnyfzkzfbn zb ke zhe PEI.

K cfmrbifnknme f trejbcfnknzav trkmzfmej ov trfykze br mfyfm emzbr enzfzfe! ibr zhe mbnuazknz

fz pk kab kn fnzerezfn` bttbrzunfzv zb ee cfmrbifnknme trkmzfmej irbc pfzhfn k cfnfzrv pfzh

kaa fz reùakr trbmejure! reùakzfbn! bttbrzunfzfe knj mhkaaenè. Phkz pe ibunj cbz

zrflfn` f zhe hf`h aeyea bi mbccfzcenz knj jejfmkzfbn kcbn` Cfnfzrv zkii zb ckle k umme

bi zhe PEI. Trbibunjav mhkaaenèj ov rkzher afcfzej ifnknmfka reburme zb run zhe trb`rkc

trbiefbnkaav! etemfkaav fn zhe jfzrfmz! fz pk reirehfn` zb ee zhkz zhee afcfzkzfbn hkrjav

kiiemzej zhe jrfye zb ummeej knj jb kz aekz k hf`hav mrejfoae gbo.

]temfka kttremfkzfbn f jue zb Trbiebr Mbaaezze K. ]ujk phb jef`nej zhe rktfj kecenz!

Memfafk Coklk phb mbbrjfnkzej zhe exermfe irbc pfzhfn zhe Cfnfzrv knj Iabrenme Cuùre phb

zrkyeaej pfzh zhe mbnuazknz zb cknv jfzrfmz knj zbbl mkre bi kaa ab`fzfm fnybayej. K temfka

pbrj bi zhknl f kab jue zb ].Z. Pkfnkfnk! zhe Mhfei Exemuzfye bi zhe PEI! ibr hkrfn` hf

fnf`hz knj mbnmern kobuz zhe PEI fn kaa btenne. Fn kjjfzfbn! kz ykrfbu aeyea cknv bzher

Cfnfzrv zkii tkrzfmftkzej fn knj mbnzrfouzej zb zhe rktfj kecenz! tkrzfmuakrav hekjukrzer

zkii irbc zhe Jetkrzcenz ibr @enjer knj ]bmfka Jeyeabtcenz knj zhe Jfzrfmz ]bmfkaJeyeabtcenz Biifmer knj zhefr zekcm. Zhe mbnuazknz kre `rkzeiua ibr zhefr mbnzrfouzfbn knj

eiibrz zb ikmfafzkze ceezfn` b cknv pbcen `rbut mbbterkzfn` pfzh zhe Cfnfzrv.

Akzav! bur `rkzfzuje `be zb Cervec Kakn knj Afnez Cfrfzf#Bzfenb irbc UNFIEC‖ _e`fbnka

Biifme ibr Ekz knj zhe Hbrn bi Kirfmk fn Nkfrbof phb nbz bnav ikmfafzkzej zhe rktfj kecenz

ouz kab hkrej zhefr yfep bn ènjer reakzej kmme bozkmae fn cfmrbifnknme.

Uzremhz! Nkfrbof!

;: Ckrmh ?446

Herckn P.C. Koea

Henrv B. Blezmh

5



EXEMUZFYE ]UCCK_V

Zhe Pbcen Enzertrfe Iunj (PEI& pk ezkoafhej ov zhe @byerncenz bi Lenvk (@bL&

knj ibrckaav akunmhej fn ?440 zb mbnzrfouze zb zhe embnbcfm ectbpercenz bi Lenvkn pbcen

knj zhefr ikcfafe. Zhe okfm mbnfjerkzfbn ov zhe @bL ibr ezkoafhfn` zhe PEI pk zhkz pbcen

hkye fnuiifmfenz kmme zb kiibrjkoae mktfzka zb jeyeabt zhefr enzretreneurfka kmzfyfzfe fnzb

zhrfyfn` oufnee. Zhe rktfj kecenz zekc f bi zhe btfnfbn zhkz zhf byerkaa mbnmern neej

iurzher cbjfifmkzfbn knj krzfmuakzfbn fn brjer zb reiaemz kmzuka kmme#zb#mrejfz fue bn zhe

`rbunj. Fn ènerka! fz f hkrj zb ckfnzkfn zhkz etemfkaav pbcen ikme kmme fue7 zhe ykz

ckgbrfzv bi obrrbpfn` mafenz fn zhe rktfjav extknjfn` Lenvkn cfmrbifnknme fnjuzrv f ieckae

fnjeej. Kz zhe kce zfce zhere kre mbnfjerkoae bozkmae ibr cknv pbcen ktfrfn` zb kmme

mrejfz. Zhf f cbzav reaeyknz ibr tbbrer knj tbbrez pbcen! etemfkaav fn rurka krek! pfzh

afcfzej ekrnfn` mktkmfzfe! unkoae zb kiibrj ckrlez#okej fnzerez rkze. Zhf rekafzv hk nbz oeen

iuaav fnmbrtbrkzej fn zhe PEI‖ bterkzfbnka tbafmfe phfmh takme ecthkf bn mrejfz jeafyerv zb kaaLenvkn pbcen! reuazfn` fn mbnmetzuka kcofùfzv.

Zhe PEI hk jeyeabtej zpb ckfn bterkzfbnka mhknnea. Zhe akrèr tkrz bi fz mktfzka f takmej k

iunj#unjer#cknkècenz pfzh retuzej Lenvkn cfmrbifnknme fnzfzuzfbn knj oknl pherek zhe

ckaaer tkrz f jfremzav jfzrfouzej zhrbu`h zhe mhknnea bi zhe Cfnfzrv bi @enjer! Mhfajren knj

]bmfka Jeyeabtcenz. Fn zhe b#mkaaej CIF mhknnea zhe mktfzka f mbnyerzej fnzb fnjfyfjuka abkn zb

eaf`foae pbcen kz abp mbz (8% fnzerez rkze ter knnuc mkamuakzej byer jemafnfn` okaknme& knj fn

zhe Cfnfzrv mhknnea eyen abper mbz phbaekae abkn kre trbyfjej zb eaf`foae `rbut (werb

fnzerez knj k bne#bii 5% kjcfnfzrkzfye iee&.

Zhe zekc boeryej k rkzher cfrrbrej teribrcknme tkzzern. Fn zhe CIF mhknnea hknjafn` mktkmfzv

f fctrefye ouz! jetfze bce nbzkoae exmetzfbn! fz f jfiifmuaz zb uozknzfkze zhkz PEI abkn

kre oeneifzfn` pbcen zhkz pbuaj nbz hkye oeen koae zb kmme zhe reùakr abkn trbjumz biierej

ov zhe tkrzfmftkzfn` CIF. Zhf f tkrzav jue zb zhe ikmz zhkz zhe PEI hk nbz ibrcuakzej kn

bogemzfye fn zhf krek. Fn zhe Cfnfzrv mhknnea zhe fzukzfbn f jfiierenz. Fz zbbl zfce zb fnzkaa k

okfm hknjafn` mktkmfzv! phfmh zfaa f mhkaaenèj bn cknv kmmbunz! ouz zhe phbaekae abkn

biierej kre trejbcfnknzav! fn cknv mke exmaufyeav! oeneifzfn` pbcen `rbut zhkz hkye afzzae

br nb kmme zb abkn biierej ov cfmrbifnknme fnzfzuzfbn knj oknl.

Bnav fn k afcfzej nucoer bi mke zhf akml bi kmme mkn oe jfremzav kzzrfouzej zb zhe hf`h

fnzerez kttafej fn zhe cfmrbifnknme emzbr. Eukaav fi nbz cbre fctbrzknz kre zhe bttbrzunfzvmbz ikmej ov trbtemzfye mafenz umh k zhe boaf`kzfbn zb kye kz aekz fx cbnzh oeibre oefn`

mbnfjerej eaf`foae ibr obrrbpfn`. Fn kjjfzfbn! zhe ibrcka ifnknmfka emzbr kz zfce f exmefyeav

jecknjfn` k re`krj jbmucenzkzfbn reufrej! umh k knnuka zkzecenz! oufne takn knj

bterkzfbnka afmene! mfyfm re`fzrv jbmucenz knj ae`kafwej trbbi bi bpnerhft bi kez zb oe

taejèj k mbaakzerka ibr obrrbpfn`. Cknv tbbr pbcen jb nbz hkye umh jbmucenzkzfbn knj

cfmrb#enzretreneur uukaav jb nbz kykfa bi umh oufne takn knj afmene.

_ekbn ibr exmaufbn mkn kab oe ènjer reakzej umh k bozkmae fn re`fzerfn` bne‖ kez br

btenfn` k oknl kmmbunz fn bne‖ bpn nkce. Fn rurka krek zhere mkn oe k zrkjfzfbn bi reeryfn`

zhe cbre aumrkzfye embnbcfm kmzfyfzfe ibr zhe ckae tbtuakzfbn knj pbcen ckv oe

jfkjyknzkèj jue zb afcfzej zrkyea btzfbn! faafzerkmv k peaa k ckrlez lnbpaejè. Zhe PEI fkjyfej zb zujv ènjer#reakzej bozkmae ikmej ov etemfkaav tbbr Lenvkn pbcen cbre fn jezkfa

9



knj jef`n fz trbjumz knj eryfme k peaa kjguz fz hknjafn` mktkmfzv fn umh k pkv zhkz fz

jfremzav mbnzrfouze zb kjjrefn` knj byermbcfn` zhee bozkmae.

Zhe tkrznerhft oezpeen zhe PEI knj zhe tkrzfmftkzfn` ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn fn zhe CIF mhknnea

f mhkrkmzerfwej ov rf`fj knj fctafzfm trbjumz jef`n okej bn k iakpej mbnmetzuka irkcepbrl

k re`krj kmme#zb#mrejfz fue! cklfn` fz yfrzukaav fctbfoae ibr zhe tkrzfmftkzfn` fnzfzuzfbnzb kttav zhefr bpn exterfenme knj exterzfe fn mbnzrfouzfn` zb zhe PEI‖ bogemzfye. Fn kjjfzfbn!

zhe trb`rkc jef`n f kz bjj pfzh ykrfbu fnzernkzfbnka oez trkmzfme zknjkrj fn cfmrbifnknme

knj kab hbp afzzae unjerzknjfn` knj kttremfkzfbn bi zhe CIF‖ knj oknl‖ fnzfzuzfbnka

reufrecenz. K k reuaz! cknv fnmur abe fn bterkzfn` zhefr tkrz bi zhe PEI trb`rkc. Zhf f

nbz k uzkfnkoae tkrznerhft ibrckz. Fi zhe PEI f zb mbnzfnue pfzh zhe CIF mhknnea! fz f kjyfej

zb jeyeabt k cbre ènufne tkrznerhft cbjea k bttbej zb zhe murrenz ae`kafzfm uo#

mbnzrkmzfn` ibrckz.

Zhe byerkaa mbnmern bi zhe zekc f zhkz zhe Cfnfzrv mhknnea f rekmhfn` jfiierenz knj cbre

exmaujej Lenvkn pbcen zhkn zhe CIF mhknnea. Phfae fz f nbz fctbfoae zb pbrl pfzh k eaemzej

nucoer bi ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn zb jb zhe kce! k`kfnz zhe okml`rbunj bi zhe hf`h fnmfjenme bi

exmaufbn fz f rembccenjej zb mbnzfnue zhe Cfnfzrv mhknnea knj ut`rkje knj trbiefbnkafwe

zhe hknjafn` mktkmfzv zherebi.

0



; FNZ_BJUMZFBN KNJ OKML@_BUNJ

ZHE PBCEN ENZE_T_F]E IUNJ

;.; OKML@_BUNJ BI ZHE _KTFJ K]E]]CENZ

Fnzrbjumfn` zhe PEI

Zhe Pbcen Enzertrfe Iunj f kn fnfzfkzfye bi zhe @byerncenz bi Lenvk knj tbfzfbnej

pfzhfn zhe Cfnfzrv bi @enjer! Mhfajren knj ]bmfka Jeyeabtcenz. Fn brjer zb mrekze kiibrjkoae

kmme zb ifnknme ibr Lenvkn pbcen ikmfn` jfiifmuazfe kmmefn` exfzfn` cfmrbifnknme

fnzfzuzfbn (CIF& knj oknl! zhe PEI pk mrekzej. Zhe Iunj pk tuoafmav akunmhej fn akze ?440

phen fz emurej fnyezcenz mktfzka knj runnfn` mbz oujèz irbc zhe @byerncenz. K temfka

unfz pfzhfn zhe Cfnfzrv pk ibrcej zb cknkè zhe Iunj! zhe PEI ]emrezkrfkz! knj kn KjyfbrvObkrj pk kttbfnzej zb ùfje fz bterkzfbn.

Zhe Iunj pbrl zhrbu`h zpb bterkzfbnka mhknnea. K mbnfjerkoae tkrz bi fz mktfzka reburme

hk oeen ckje kykfakoae zb ukafifej ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn fn brjer zb jeyeabt knj ckrlez temfka

abkn trbjumz zb fnjfyfjuka mafenz. Zhe reckfnfn` tkrz f mhknneaej fn zhe ibrc bi phbaekae

abkn zb pbcen `rbut kiifafkzej zb zhe Cfnfzrv zhrbu`h fz jfzrfmz biifme knj zhe temfkaav

mrekzej Mbnzfzuenmv PEI Mbccfzzee (MPEIM&.

Ov cfj ?448 zhe tkrzfmftkzfn` ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn hkj mbnyerzej nekrav kaa zhe mktfzka remefyej

irbc zhe PEI fnzb kiibrjkoae abkn zb eaemzej knj zrkfnej fnjfyfjuka mafenz knj fn zhe embnj

hkai bi zhe vekr zhe Iunj cknkèj zb ckle k hekj zkrz pfzh abkn jeafyerv zb pbcen `rbut.

Zhe bogemzfye bi zhe PEI kre orbkjer zhkn ikmfafzkzfn` mrejfz jeafyerv zb ukafifej pbcen mafenz.

Zhe Iunj kfc zb kjjre ènjer#reakzej bozkmae knj mhkaaenè zb kn eufzkoae jeyeabtcenz

bi zhe mbunzrv knj hk ibrcuakzej k rknè bi bogemzfye zb zhkz enj zhkz fnmauje reekrmh!

kjybmkmv knj aboov kmzfyfzfe zb turue tbafmv reibrc knj trkmzfme mhknè jeecej nemekrv

zb ibzer euka bttbrzunfzfe ibr cen knj pbcen! obv knj `fra.

_ktfj Kecenz _kzfbnkae

Kizer k vekr bi trb`rkc fctaecenzkzfbn! zhe PEI zhbu`hz fz trujenz zb mbccffbn k

rktfj kecenz zb reyfep fnfzfka reuaz k`kfnz bogemzfye. ]zkrzfn` k nep knj hf`h trbifae

ikmfafzv zhkz bn ykrfbu kmmbunz `be k`kfnz ckfnzrekc mbnyenzfbn fn zhe cfmrbifnknme

fnjuzrv knj zhkz f ifnknmej ov Lenvkn zkx tkver! f k jkrfn` enjekybr knj neej k maekr

guzfifmkzfbn< nbz bnav fn zerc bi tbafmfe knj trb`rkc bogemzfye ouz kab bn zhe `rbunj7 fz hk

zb jeafyer bn fz trbcfe fn trkmzfme. Zhe rktfj kecenz pk mkaaej ibr fn brjer zb ezkoafh fi

umh guzfifmkzfbn f pkrrknzej.

Jurfn` fz ifrz vekr bi bterkzfbn! zhe PEI remefyej obzh tbfzfye knj ae tbfzfye ieejokml<

irbc mafenz! irbc fnjuzrv zklehbajer knj irbc tbafzfmfkn retreenzfn` Lenvkn ybzer knj zkx

tkver. Mafenz kre uukaav tbfzfye fn zhefr kttremfkzfbn fi fz mbce zb oefn` biierej kiibrjkoae

abkn kz zerc zhev mkn hknjae. Ouz zhere kre cknv cbre trbtemzfye mafenz zhe PEI hk nbzrekmhej k vez jue zb zkrz#ut jeakv fn zhe MPEIM mhknnea knj tbz#zkrz#ut mktfzka takmecenz

8



jeakv fn zhe CIF mhknnea. Fn kjjfzfbn! cknv mafenz phbe kttafmkzfbn hkj karekjv oeen

kttrbyej fn trfnmftae pere jfkttbfnzej phen fnibrcej zhkz zhee pere tuz bn hbaj jue zb akml

bi kykfakoae mktfzka. Kobye knj oevbnj kmzuka eryfme mktkmfzv! zhere pere uezfbn bn tbafmv

ibmu knj jfremzfbn! rfl bi tbafzfmfwkzfbn! byerkaa trb`rkc uzkfnkofafzv! trbiefbnka hknjafn`

mktkmfzv fn zhe MPEIM mhknnea knj cknv bzher fue.

Tuoafm emzbr trb`rkc bizen jb nbz akml fnzenfye tuofm kzzenzfbn. Zhf pk nbz jfiierenz fn zhe

mke bi zhe PEI! zhe cbre b `fyen zhe akrè tuoafmfzv kzzrkmzej phen akunmhfn` zhe Iunj. ]fnme

zhe PEI f uogemz zb fnzenfye mruzfnv knj boerykzfbn! fz f mbccenjkoae zhkz fz bu`hz kn

fnjetenjenz reyfep bi teribrcknme kz k rkzher ekrav tbfnz fn zfce.

;.? K]]E]]CENZ T_BME]]

Mbnzrkmzfn`! Exemuzfbn knj Cezhbjbab`v

Zhe Cfnfzrv bi @enjer ibrcuakzej zhe Zerc bi _eierenme ibr zhe rktfj kecenz knj

zhen ummeiuaav kttrbkmhej zhe Unfzej Nkzfbn Jeyeabtcenz Iunj ibr Pbcen (UNFIEC& fn

Nkfrbof zb uttbrz zhe mbz bi zhe exermfe knj fjenzfiv mbnuazknz tretkrej zb unjerzkle zhe

kecenz. Fn Nbyecoer ?448 zhf reuazej fn zhe kttbfnzcenz bi zpb mbnuazknz kbmfkzej

pfzh k Nezheraknj okej ifrc! Oaue _hfnb Mbnuaz.

Zhe mbnuazknz zkrzej zhefr kmzfyfzfe zhe kce cbnzh ov trbjumfn` k b#mkaaej fnmetzfbn tkter

extakfnfn` zhe cezhbjbab`v trbtbej ibr zhe kecenz. Zhev zhen fnzeryfepej cbz bi zhe

ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn tkrznerfn` pfzh zhe PEI. Fn Jemecoer bne mbnuazknz yffzej ykrfbu

jfzrfmz fn Pezern knj Nvknwk trbyfnme knj fn Gknukrv ?446 zhe bzher zrkyeaej fn Mbkz! _fiz

Ykaaev! Menzrka knj Nkfrbof trbyfnme. Kazhbu`h brf`fnkaav cbre yffz pere taknnej! zfce knjab`fzfmka mbnzrkfnz zbbj fn zhe pkv bi zhkz. Fn pk k`reej zhkz Cfnfzrv zkii pbuaj yffz zhe

reckfnfn` iep trbyfnme knj trbyfje zhe mbnuazknz pfzh zhefr ifnjfn`. Fn kaa yffz zhe

mbnuazknz pere kmmbctknfej ov Cfnfzrv zkii phfmh ikmfafzkzej fnzerkmzfbn pfzh zhe cknv

pbcen `rbut yffzej knj kab pk yerv heatiua fn aekrnfn` cbre kobuz zhe bttbrzunfzfe!

mhkaaenè knj mbnzrkfnz zhkz mbce pfzh k tuoafm emzbr trb`rkc.

Ov akze Gknukrv ?446 zhe mbnuazknz pere koae zb trbjume k ifrz retbrz bn zhefr ifnjfn` knj

rembccenjkzfbn. Kizer remefyfn` kjjfzfbnka fntuz knj ieejokml irbc ykrfbu zklehbajer fn

Ckrmh ?446 zhe ifnka retbrz pk trbjumej knj treenzej.

Fz f fctbrzknz zb rekafwe zhkz k rktfj kecenz f nbz zhe kce k kn eykaukzfbn< fz jbe nbz kfc

ibr mbctaezene7 zhe mbnuazknz jfj nbz yffz kaa tkrzfmftkzfn` ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn knj jfj nbz

yffz kaa trbyfnme! aez kabne kaa 04#tau jfzrfmz! knj jfj nbz fnzeryfep kaa Obkrj cecoer br kaa

]enfbr Cfnfzrv ]zkii. Zfce kykfakoae fctav jfj nbz kaabp ibr zhkz. Aflepfe! zhe Kecenz

Zekc jfj nbz unjerzkle zb mkreiuaav mbaaemz br mbctbe kaa lfnj bi reaeyknz teribrcknme jkzk7

nucoer bi mafenz! abkn! retkvcenz! ezm. Zhe Zekc jfj mbnzrumzej kn byerkaa yfep bi PEI

teribrcknme! knj phere fz pk ieaz zhkz mhkaaenè hkj kttekrej! zhe Zekc ibmuej bn zhbe.

_etbrz Oufaz#Ut

Zhe retbrz zkrz pfzh k reakzfyeav aen`zhv byeryfep bi jeyeabtcenz fn zhecfmrbifnknme emzbr7 Mhktzer ?. Zhf pk zhbu`hz trujenz ibr zhe ibaabpfn` rekbn.

6



Etemfkaav zhe akz iep vekr zhe jeyeabtcenz bi zhe cfmrbifnknme emzbr hk trb`reej fn

kn eyer#hf her èkr. Fn zhkz trbme teribrcknme makfc kre ckje! oez trkmzfme kre

fjenzfifej! nep kmzbr mbce kobkrj knj nep extemzkzfbn kre ibrcuakzej. K jbcfnkzfn`

jeyeabtcenz f zhe mbccermfkafwkzfbn bi zhe emzbr! bizen ibrcuakzej fn zerc bi zhe emzbr

mbcfn` zb ckzurfzv br oembcfn` k nep kez mak ibr mktfzka ckrlez fnyezbr. Zhf

jeyeabtcenz f ufze jbcfnknz fn Lenvk7 eyer#cbre mafenz kre oefn` eryfmej ovmbccermfka br nekr#mbccermfka bterkzbr. Fn zhe trbme! zhe menzer bi `rkyfzv fn zhe emzbr

f `rkjukaav cbyfn` kpkv irbc zhe oez fnzerez bi mafenz zb zhbe bi fnyezbr knj bpner.

Ov cknv zhf f re`krjej k k tbfzfye zrenj7 cbre mafenz kre oefn` rekmhej pfzh k `rekzer

ykrfezv bi trbjumz knj eryfme knj mbctezfzfbn oezpeen eryfme trbyfjer jrfye fnzerez

rkze jbpn knj fnzkaa k muzbcer#irfenjav eryfme trbtbfzfbn. Zhe PEI jbe nbz ekfav

uomrfoe zb zhf tbfzfye kttremfkzfbn. Fz hk jeyeabtej k leen eve ibr remb`nfwfn` zhkz nbz

kaa tbbr Lenvkn kre eryfmej ov mbccermfka takver< zhkz cknv kre aeiz oehfnj oemkue zhev

mknnbz ekfav mbte pfzh zhe hf`h mbz bi mrejfz knj zhe cknv mbnjfzfbn kttafej knj zhkz

kcbn` zhe zfaa exmaujej! pbcen ifùre ufze trbcfnenzav.

Zhe mhktzer reyfep zb phkz exzenz zhe PEI zkle bn zhfn` f k cere ybfme fn zhe jkrl br

phezher zhere kre cbre ybfme zhkz ibrcuakze reerykzfbn kobuz zhe jbcfnknz zrenj fn zhe

emzbr knj kre pbrlfn` zbpkrj kazernkzfye kttrbkmhe.

Zhe ibaabpfn` mhktzer wbbc fn bn zhe kmzuka kazernkzfye biierej ov zhe PEI. Zb phkz exzenz

f fz mrejfoae k k ènufne kazernkzfye kttrbkmh2 F fz cklfn` hbrzmuz zhkz ckv pbrl fn zhe

hbrz zerc ouz pfaa nbz hbaj byer k abnèr terfbj bi zfce br jbe fz retreenz kn kazernkzfye

zhkz zruav cerfz pfjer mbnfjerkzfbn knj uttbrz2 Fn hbrz! fz kfc zb tbfzfbn zhe PEI fn

zhe murrenz jeokze bn kttrbkmhe knj jeafyerv vzec fn ifnknmfka eryfme jeafyerv.

Zhe iburzh mhktzer f k cbre ikmzuka reyfep bi teribrcknme bi zhe MPEIM mhknnea! zhe CIF

mhknnea knj zhe PEI kz akrè. K zhe zrkml rembrj bi zhe PEI reckfn k vbun` bne! bn cknv

kmmbunz zhe yerjfmz f zfaa hkn`fn` fn zhe okaknme! k fz pere. Nbnezheae! boerykzfbn

kaabp ibr k zrenj knkavf zhkz kjjree zhe fue knj mhkaaenè ibrcuakzej fn zhe Zerc

bi _eierenme. Zhe ifizh mhktzer pbrl zhee boerykzfbn fnzb temfifm rembccenjkzfbn.

Kttremfkzfbn

Byerkaa! zhe kecenz f terhkt nbz enzfreav tbfzfye ouz fz jbe uttbrz zhe PEItbfzfbn zhkz zhere f enbrcbu uncez jecknj kz zhe obzzbc bi zhe tvrkcfj knj zhkz

bcezhfn` neej zb oe jbne kobuz fz. Knj fi zhe trfykze emzbr f nbz ceezfn` zhkz mhkaaenè

zhere f guzfifmkzfbn fn kttavfn` k tuoafm `bbj mbnmetz zb cfmrbifnknme zhkz jfremz zhe tuoafm

emzbr zb mbctenkze knj remzfiv trfykze emzbr fneiifmfenmfe knj afcfzkzfbn.

Kttrbxfckzeav :4% bi kaa Lenvkn pbcen hkye nb kmme zb ifnknme kz kaa< knbzher :4% bnav

hkye kmme zb fnibrcka ifnknmfka vzec zhkz bizen retreenz k rknè bi rezrkfnz. Zhrbu`h

zhe MPEIM mhknnea zhe PEI jbe rekmh hfzherzb un#eryej br erfbuav unjer#eryej

pbcen! nbz zbb cknv k vez knj nbz zbb cbbzhav k vez. Zhe nucoer kre terhkt k ofz

jfkttbfnzfn`! ouz zhe `bbj nep f zhkz zhf boerykzfbn rejume zhe mhkaaenè akrèav zb

;4



bterkzfbnka bne. Zhere kre nb mrfzfmka mbnmetzuka iakp kz pbrl fn zhf mhknnea! guz

bterkzfbnka fue zhkz mkn oe ifxej.

Fn zhe CIF mhknnea zhe fzukzfbn f jfiierenz fn kacbz k cfrrbrej pkv7 ae bterkzfbnka fue

zb mbnzectakze oemkue nekrav kaa mbnzrkmzej tkrzner hkye kn fctrefye bterkzfbnka

mktkmfzv fnzkaaej ouz bce mbnmetzuka knj tbafmv fue neej reyffzfn`. Nbz b cumhoemkue bi zhe CIF ouz rkzher oemkue bi kcofùfzv fn PEI trb`rkc jef`n.

Akzav! zhere f k neej zb pbrl zbpkrj vner`v oezpeen obzh mhknnea. K vez! zhev iunmzfbn

k zknj#kabne bterkzfbn pfzh jbe nbz ikmfafzkze rembnmfafkzfbn oezpeen obzh pfzhfn zhe

PEI.

;;



? MBNMETZUKA TB]FZFBNFN@7

ZHE PEI _EYFEPEJ K@KFN]Z FNZE_NKZFBNKA ]ZKNJK_J]

?.; ZHE ECE_@ENME BI FNZE_NKZFBNKA ]ZKNJK_J]

Zhe _fe bi Cbjern Cfmrbifnknme

Zhe thrke cfmrbifnknme f k ikfrav vbun` bne< fn ikmz bnav ecerèj fn zhe ekrav nfnezfe.

Kz zhe kce zfce cfmrbifnknme kmzfyfzfe kre nbz nep kz kaa7 nekrav kaa mbnzfnenz mkn hbp

zrkjfzfbnka kyfn` knj mrejfz vzec zhkz jkze okml peaa byer k menzurv knj fn cknv mke kre

zfaa bterkzfbnka zbjkv.

Zhee zrkjfzfbnka vzec kre fctae knj eiiemzfye7 k `rbut bi tebtae tbba zhefr ifnknmfka

reburme knj ckle zhe mktfzka kykfakoae zb bce `rbut cecoer zb pbrl pfzh fz. Kizer k phfae!

zhe obrrbpfn` cecoer rezurn zhe mktfzka zb zhe cecoer phb orbu`hz fz zbèzher fn zhe ibrc

bi kyfn`. Zhf okfm cemhknfc hk oeen zhe ckgbr afufjfzv cknkècenz yehfmae ibr `rbut

knj mbccunfzfe zhkz pere muz bii irbc kmme zb zhe ibrcka ifnknmfka vzec ibr jemkje! fi nbz

menzurfe.

Zhe ckfn mhkrkmzerfzfm bi zhf cemhknfc f zhkz fz f eai#cknkèj! eai#`byernej knj eai#

mktfzkafwej. Fn ikmz! zhee zrkjfzfbnka vzec kre mabej vzec! cklfn` zhec reakzfyeav fccune

zb buzfje fnzerierenme. Fn Kirfmk! zhee vzec mbce fn kn kckwfn` ykrfezv7 zblyea ! zbnzfne!

euu! cerrv#`b#rbunj knj fjfr kre guz bce bi zhe abmka nkce bi phkz zbjkv ènerfmkaav f

reierrej zb k _bzkzfn` ]kyfn` knj Mrejfz Kbmfkzfbn (_B]MK&.

Oemkue zhee vzec kre eai#mktfzkafwej zhev kre kyfn`#jrfyen ov nkzure. Zhf cekn zhkz

zhev jb nbz hkye knv aeyerkè tbzenzfka. Fn rbzkzfn` vzec! k cecoer hk zb pkfz ibr k phfae

oeibre he mkn kmme k abkn irbc zhe `rbut! fctav oemkue fnjfyfjuka `rbut cecoer obrrbp

akrèr kcbunz zhkn zhev kye. Zhereibre! kaa cecoer hkye zb kye zb kaabp ibr mrejfz trbyffbn

zb k iep.

Orfn`fn` fn zhe aeyerkè trbtemz f kz zhe mbre bi cbjern cfmrbifnknme zhkz f mbccbnav jkzej

okml zb zhe ibunjfn` bi zhe @rkceen Oknl fn zhe eyenzfe fn Oknàkjeh. Tbbaej reburme

pere nbp aeyerkèj pfzh exzernka mrejfz mktfzka b zhkz cknv cbre tebtae mbuaj kmme abkn

fcuazknebuav. Cbjern cfmrbifnknme f zhereibre bizen mbnfjerej zb oe mrejfz#jrfyen k

bttbej zb zhe kyfn`#jrfyen nkzure bi zrkjfzfbnka vzec.

Ekrav#jkv cbjern bterkzbr umh k @rkceen Oknl hkye heaj bn zb zhe aeyerkè trfnmftae eyer

fnme. Zhefr mafenz mkn bnav kmme abkn kizer zhev hkye orbu`hz fn kyfn` reùakrav ibr k

mbnfjerkoae terfbj bi zfce. Zhe aeyerkè trfnmftae uukaav ibaabp k ;7= rkzfb< mafenz mkn obrrbp

ut zb zhree zfce zhe ybauce bi zhefr kyfn` okaknme! phfmh kab iunmzfbn k k afen zb zhe abkn.

Zbjkv! cknv trkmzfzfbner hkye jrbttej zhe jfremz afnl oezpeen kyfn` knj abkn knj trbyfje

mrejfz zb phbeyer f mbnfjerej eaf`foae.

;?



Ifrz Fnjuzrv ]zknjkrj

Zhe nekr fnzknz umme bi @rkceen Oknl knj bzher ekrav cbyer jfj nbz `b unnbzfmej

knj mrekzej k zrbn` kttezfze ibr retafmkzfbn knj mkafn` ut< fn mfyfa bmfezv! zhkz f. Kz zhf

gunmzure! zhe akze ef`hzfe knj ekrav nfnezfe! fz pere cbzav rurka jeyeabtcenz N@B zhkz mkce

zb biier cfmrbifnknme eryfme zb zhefr mafenz! kz zhe zfce uukaav lnbpn k zkrèz `rbut! fnkjjfzfbn zb zhefr bzher kmzfyfzfe umh k k`rfmuazurka exzenfbn pbrl! okfm bmfka eryfme knj

kjuaz afzerkmv trb`rkc.

Zhf zbbl zhe ibrc bi reybayfn` iunj. Zhe N@B zbbl `rknz mktfzka irbc k jbnbr kènmv knj uej

fz zb ifnknme abkn zb fz mafenz. Uukaav! zhe iunj jfj nbz reybaye zbb bizen oemkue zhe mbz bi

fniakzfbn! bterkzfbn knj trbyffbnfn` pere nbz ikmzbrej fn knj mrejfzej zb zhe abkn mktfzka rkzher

zhkn zhe mafenz. Kizer k iep vekr! zhe N@B kttrbkmhej zhe iunjfn` kènmv ibr k ireh mktfzka

`rknz.

Fn zhe ekrav nfnezfe jbnbr kènmfe `bz zbèzher zb jfmu fi zhf pk k rembccenjkoae

trkmzfme. Zhf aej zb zhe ibrckzfbn bi zhe Mbnuazkzfye @rbut zb Kfz zhe Tbbr (M@KT&! k Pbraj

Oknl kjcfnfzerej jbnbr mbbrjfnkzfbn kènmv. M@KT mkce zb takv k aekjfn` rbae fn mbnmetzuka

zhfnlfn` fn cfmrbifnknme.

K ifrz ènerka mbnenu zhkz ecerèj pk zhkz cfmrbifnknme hkj zb oe uzkfnkoae. Zhf

reufrej N@B zb zrknier zhe oual bi zhe mbz bi eryfme jeafyerv zb zhefr mafenz fn zhe ibrc bi

fnzerez rkze. Zhee fnzerez rkze pere zb mbyer byerhekj mbz! mbz bi fniakzfbn knj zhe mbz

bi nbn#retkvcenz bi abkn. Zhe oenmhckrl jeyeabtej zb zhf enj pk zhe Bterkzfbnka ]eai#

]uiifmfenmv rkzfb br B]].

K reakzej embnj mbnenu kcbn` jbnbr pk zhkz fn brjer zb oembce uzkfnkoae! N@Bpbuaj hkye zb temfkafwe fn ifnknmfka eryfme jeafyerv rkzher zhkn mbnfjer fz kn kjj#bn zb zhefr

ckfn trb`rkc kmzfyfzfe fn brjer zb kaabp ibr oufajfn` kttrbtrfkze exterzfe knj kybfjfn`

mbniafmzfn` mbrtbrkze muazure.

Obzh eaecenz bi mbnenu pere pfjeav kjbtzej ov zhe cfmrbifnknme fnjuzrv knj cknv N@B

fnjeej pere koae zb zrknibrc zheceaye fnzb uzkfnkoae knj temfkafwej kènmfe. Zhf

zrf`èrej zhe ecerènme bi k zhfrj mbnenu7 fi cfmrbifnknme pk zb oe uzkfnkoae! zhen phv

hbuaj zhe mbz bi mktfzka zfaa oe uofjfwej2 Jbnbr kènmfe `rkjukaav pfzhjrep irbc trbyfjfn`

mktfzka `rknz fn ikybr bi werb br abp#mbz mktfzka abkn! knj akzer fn ikybr bi ckrlez#trfmej mktfzka

trbyffbn. Zhf reuazej fn zhe ibrcuakzfbn bi k embnj mrfzfmka oenmhckrl7 zhe Ifnknmfka ]eai#

]uiifmfenmv rkzfb br I]]. K k ruae bi zhuco! jbnbr tbafmfe pere okej bn zhe mbnfjerkzfbn zhkzk ifnknmfka N@B! nbp mkaaej k Cfmrbifnknme Fnzfzuzfbn (CIF&! kizer k merzkfn terfbj bi zfce hkj zb

oe ifnknmfkaav eai#uiifmfenz. Jbnbr uttbrz henmeibrpkrj pk akrèav èkrej zbpkrj kfzfn`

CIF zb èz zb zhkz tbfnz.

Knj k`kfn! cknv N@B cknkèj zb ceez zhbe extemzkzfbn< kz zhe kce zfce cklfn` fz jfiifmuaz

ibr bzher unkoae br unpfaafn` zb ceez zhe kce. Zhee pere fnmrekfnàv mbnfjerej zb oe uo#

zknjkrj trkmzfzfbner knj cknv jbnbr kènmfe pkalej kpkv irbc zhec.

Kz zhe zurn bi zhe menzurv! zhe nep mbnenu hkj oembce pfjeav kjbtzej knj zhe nucoer bi

CIF pk cuhrbbcfn`. Kttkrenzav! zhe mbnenu pbrlej peaa. Cbre knj cbre jbnbr kènmfekmmucuakzej eyer#cbre mktfzka zb oe fngemzej fnzb uzkfnkoae CIF knj zhe emzbr pfzneej kn

;=



eukaav extabfye `rbpzh bi k uttbrz fnjuzrv7 rkzfn` kènmfe! zrkfnfn` menzer! nezpbrl!

jejfmkzej fnyezcenz yehfmae! ktex ifnknme fnzfzuzfbn! knj b bn knj b ibrzh.

Fn ikmz! ov zhkz zfce! cfmrbifnknme hkj oembce ezkoafhej k bne bi zhe iep jeyeabtcenz

fnzeryenzfbn zhkz kmzukaav eecej zb pbrl kmrb zhe obkrj7 fz pk mbz#eiiemzfye knj rekmhej

eyer#cbre mafenz phb retkfj zhefr abkn yerv peaa knj phb pere hkttv zb zezfiv zhkz kmme zbifnknme hkj ckje k jfiierenme fn zhefr afye knj mbccunfzfe.

Nep Kcofzfbn knj Nep ]zknjkrj

Zhe unibajfn` umme zbrv bi cfmrbifnknme rkfej nep kcofzfbn knj extemzkzfbn. K

uknzfzkzfye neej kecenz mkce zb jbcfnkze zhe ifrz jemkje bi zhe nep menzurv. Zhe

fctae mkamuakzfbn pk zhkz ofaafbn bi tebtae pere zfaa aeiz unzbumhej ov zhe fnjuzrv knj

rekmhfn` zhee un#eryej mafenz oemkce zhe nep byerkaa fnjuzrv bogemzfye.

Ov zhkz zfce cfmrbifnknme pk pbrlfn` hkrj zb èz zb zhe ckrl bi hunjrej cfaafbn tebtae oefn`

fnmaujej knj kazhbu`h fctrefye fn fz bpn rf`hz zhkz pk k ikr mrv irbc zhe zkrèz bi rbu`hav

zhree ofaafbn. K nep mbnenu ecerèj7 fn brjer zb rekmh zhe nep zkrèz! nep takver hkj zb

mbce fn! etemfkaav bn zhe uttav fje.

Unzfa zhen cfmrbifnknme hkj oeen trejbcfnknzav ifnknmej ov jbnbr kènmfe knj fnzernkzfbnka

jeyeabtcenz ifnknme fnzfzuzfbn< kaa eenzfkaav pbrlfn` pfzh jbnkzfbn knj abp mbz mktfzka

ifnknmej buz bi zkx tkver cbnfe. Hbpeyer! zhe trbgemzej kykfakofafzv bi ireh mktfzka irbc zhee

reburme pk zbb afcfzej zb ifnknme zhe ckgbr extknfbn jrfye neejej zb rekmh zhe zhree ofaafbn

mafenz aeiz un#eryej. Zhe fnzernkzfbnka mktfzka ckrlez hkj zb mbce fn zb ènerkze zhe

extknfbn mktfzka reufrej.

Zhf reuazej fn kn fnzenfye enjekybr zb ckle cfmrbifnknme eaf`foae! k fz pere! ibr kzzrkmzfn`

mktfzka ckrlez reburme. Eenzfkaav zhf reuazej fn zpb ckgbr jeyeabtcenz7 CIF zrknibrcfn`

fnzb ibr#trbifz hkrehbajfn` mbctknfe knj fn biierfn` kttrbtrfkze rezurn#bn#fnyezcenz

trbtbfzfbn zb mktfzka ckrlez takver.

Zhe ifrz trbme fn cknv mbunzrfe penz hknj#fn#hknj pfzh cfmrbifnknme reùakzfbn7 zhe

jbcezfm cbnezkrv kuzhbrfzfe trbyfjfn` trujenzfka uteryffbn zb re`fzerej CIF. _eùakzfbn!

k fn Lenvk! reufre CIF zb ceez k rknè bi mbnjfzfbn knj teribrcknme fnjfmkzbr fn brjer zb

oe afmenej k nbn#oknlfn` ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn. Zhf trbyfje k mbcibrz wbne ibr mktfzka ckrlez

fnyezbr. Bn zbt bi zhkz! CIF oembcfn` hkrehbajfn` mbctknfe kab biier fnyezbr zhe

bttbrzunfzv zb takme eufzv fn zhefr fnyezee CIF! phfmh reuaz fn mb#bpnerhft knj k kv fn zhekiikfr bi zhe CIF! knj f reufrej k k tre#mbnjfzfbn zb kzzrkmz cbre jeoz ifnknme ibr iurzher

extknfbn. Fnyezbr oembcfn` hkrehbajer knj `byernbr bi CIF hk zhe kjjfzfbnka oeneifz bi

emurfn` kn kttrbtrfkze rezurn bn zhefr fnyezcenz.

Zhf trbme f mbccbnav reierrej zb k mbccermfkafwkzfbn fn cfmrbifnknme knj pfzhbuz k jbuoz

fz hk oeen k cbz ummeiua trbme. Cknv CIF hkye zrknibrcej fnzb nbn#oknlfn` ifnknmfka

fnzfzuzfbn br eyen iuaav afmenej oknl! biierfn` k orbkjer rknè bi trbjumz zb cbre mafenz kz

fnmrekfnàv mbctezfzfye rkze! jue zb ecer`fn` mbctezfzfbn fn zhe ckrlez.

Fz hk kab iurzher tuhej ut extemzkzfbn knj zknjkrj7 CIF kre nbz knv abnèr extemzej zboe cereav uzkfnkoae< zhev kab hkye zb oembce trbifzkoae fn brjer zb biier kzzrkmzfye

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fnyezcenz tkmlkè zb mktfzka ckrlez takver. Knj kz zhe kce zfce bce bi zhe baj jbnbr

trfbrfzfe kre letz kafye. _kzher zhkn u`èzfn` zhkz k treierrej CIF f k mbccermfkaav kzzrkmzfye

bne! CIF kre kab zfaa extemzej zb teribrc peaa irbc k bmfka tertemzfye. Zhf f mktzurej fn zhe

tbtuakr jbuoae obzzbc afne mbnmetz7 CIF kre zb exmea fn obzh zhe ifnknmfka knj bmfka krenk

fcuazknebuav.

Fnzernkzfbnka b#mkaaej oez trkmzfme zknjkrj zhereibre hkye fz zhkz cfmrbifnknme neej zb oe

uzkfnkoae! fi nbz trbifzkoae. Zhe ibrcka guzfifmkzfbn ibr zhkz f zhkz bnav k uzkfnkoae

cfmrbifnknme fnjuzrv pfaa oe koae zb fnmauje zhe ofaafbn bi nbn#eryej tbbr fn eryfme jeafyerv.

?.? JFYE_@FN@ BTFNFBN]

Mrkml fn zhe Cfmrbifnknme Mbnenu

Pherek zhe zerc oez trkmzfme f pfjeav uej! fz f fctbrzknz zb rekafwe zhkz zhe mbnmetz

bi k unfyerkaav kttafmkoae ènerka zknjkrj jbe nbz `b unmhkaaenèj. Fn ikmz! cknv fnyezbr

knj trkmzfzfbner jb nbz iuaav k`ree pfzh fz. Zhev pbuaj krùe zhkz cfmrbifnknme mbce fn cknv

ibrc knj hkte knj mkn nbz tbfoav oe gujèj ov k fnàe ez bi mrfzerfk.

K ckgbr rkaavfn` tbfnz ibr bttbnenz f zhe fue bi mbccermfkafwkzfbn. Mrfzfm afle zb tbfnz buz

zhkz mbccermfkafwkzfbn jrfye cfmrbifnknme kpkv irbc fz rbbz! eryfn` zhe tbbr! fn ikybr bi

bcezhfn` ufze jfiierenz7 eelfn` trbifz irbc zhe tbbr. Zhe rekbnfn` ibaabpej f zhf bne.

Phen cfmrbifnknme zkrzej! kaa ibmu pk jfremzej zb eryfn` zhe tbbr fn afne pfzh zhefr neej

knj hknjafn` mktkmfzv. Kizer zhe uzkfnkofafzv mbnenu pk kmmetzej! zhe menzrka tbfnz bi

kzzenzfbn pk cbyej kpkv irbc zhe mafenz zb zhe trkmzfzfbner. Zhefr eiibrz zb oembce

uzkfnkoae knj temfkafwej fnzfzuzfbn oemkce zhe ckgbr zhruz bi zhe fnjuzrv. Knj pfzh zhembccermfkafwkzfbn bi cfmrbifnknme! zhe menzrka ibmu hfizej iurzher kpkv irbc zhe mafenz fn

brjer zb ceez fnyezbr jecknj! tkrzfmuakrav mktfzka ckrlez takver. Zhe unjeravfn` mbnmern f

zhkz eryfn` zhe fnzerez bi mbccermfka fnyezbr f nbz nemekrv fn zhe oez fnzerez bi mafenz.

Zhf jeokze hk oembce k hekzej bne fn zhe pkle bi remenz jeyeabtcenz. Zhe extabfye `rbpzh

bi zhe fnjuzrv hk reuazknz fn zhe enzrknme bi trkmzfzfbner zhkz bcezfce reav bn jeokzkoae

trkmzfme umh k byer#mhkr fn` mafenz! faae`ka br unezhfmka retbefbn bi abkn! akml bi

zrkntkrenmv fn trfmfn`! knj zhe ecerènme bi k nep mak bi cfmrbifnknme cfaafbnkfre.

Fnjfmkzfye ibr zhe ikmz zhkz zhe mbnenu f hbpfn` ae unfyerka kjherenme zhkn bizen f

kucej! f zhkz Nboea Tekme Trfwe akurekze Trbi. Vunu hk zurnej hf okml bn

mbccermfkafwkzfbn fn ufze jfcffye zerc ov mbctkrfn` mbccermfka CIF zb zhe cbnevaenjer

he kfcej zb if`hz phen he ibrcej @rkceen Oknl.

Cbre ènerka f zhe mbnmern zhkz mbccermfka cfmrbifnknme f trb`refyeav oezzfn` bn zhe

zrbnèr mafenz bnav knj f zurnfn` kpkv irbc eryfn` zhe cbre jfiifmuaz mafenz7 zhe cbre

yuanerkoae! zhe ae exterfenmej! zhe cbre recbze! zhe ae reburmeiua! ezm. Zhere f cumh zb

kv ibr zhf boerykzfbn. Zb jkze cfmrbifnknme! jetfze fz untkrkaaeaej `rbpzh! f ikmfn` ckgbr

mhkaaenè zb rekmh zhe obzzbc hkai bi tebtae afyfn` oeabp tbyerzv afne< zhee kre trejbcfnknzav

zhe rurka tbbr ouz kab fnmauje zhe `rbpfn` nucoer bi urokn tbbr. Mbccermfkafwkzfbn jrfye

CIF zb mbnmenzrkze bn zhe cbre aumrkzfye ckrlez bi urokn mbccerme knj zrkje phere mbz

knj rfl kre abper knj trbifz ckr`fn kre hf`her. Fn ikmz! k ikr k rurka tbbr kre eryej ov CIFkz kaa! fz kre mbccbnav nbz#ibr#trbifz! N@B#zvae CIF knj cecoer#okej vzec zhkz jb b.

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Zhe mbunzer krùcenz ov mbccermfkafwkzfbn kjybmkze f zhkz fn jue zfce kab mbccermfka CIF

pfaa tenezrkze rurka krek ibr zpb rekbn. Ifrz! fnmrekej mbctezfzfbn fn urokn menzer pfaa ibrme

zhec zb `rkjukaav jeyeabt nep ckrlez! zkrzfn` pfzh terf#urokn menzer knj zhen fn cbre rurka

abmkzfbn. ]embnj! zemhnbab`fmka fnnbykzfbn pfaa jrkckzfmkaav rejume byerhekj knj zrknkmzfbn

mbz phfmh pfaa orfn` jbpn fnzerez rkze knj ckle eryfme jeafyerv zb tbbrer mafenz cbrekiibrjkoae! pfzhbuz zbumhfn` trbifz ckr`fn.

Zhere f cumh zb kv fn ikybr bi zhf mbunzer krùcenz k peaa! k rurka tenezrkzfbn ov

mbccermfka CIF knj oknl f bn zhe rfe fnjeej! kizer vekr bi neàemz knj pfzhjrkpka. Zhe

cbre trfnmftae jeokze! hbpeyer! f fi fz f trujenz zb pkfz ibr zhe ckrlez zb jb fz oaefn` knj

eyenzukaav rekmh zhe rurka tbbr! fi kz zhe kce zfce cumh cbre mkn oe jbne trfbr zb zhkz

cbcenz. K cbre trkmzfmka mbnfjerkzfbn f zhkz k rurka treenme bi mbccermfka CIF jbe nbz

nemekrfav fctafmkze aenjfn` zb rurka tebtae. Zhere kre cknv mke phere CIF mbaaemz kyfn`

irbc zhe rurka tbbr kz abp mbz fn brjer zb mbnyerz zhee fnzb hf`h#mbz abkn fn urokn menzer!

aekjfn` zb k trbme bi je#mktfzkafwkzfbn bi rurka krek.

Jfiierenz Jeafyerv ]vzec

K merzkfn peklne bi zhe fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu f zhkz fz f kacbz exmaufyeav okej bn

fnyezbr knj jbnbr fnzerez< fz f k mbnenu zhkz ecerèj bn zhe uttav fje bi zhe fnjuzrv.

Cfmrbifnknme kz zhkz aeyea f trejbcfnknzav een k teribrcej ov mrejfz#jrfyen cfmrbifnknme

fnzfzuzfbn zhkz kre eaf`foae ibr fnyezbr knj jbnbr uttbrz.

Phkz bizen zkv oeabp zhe rkjkr mreen f zhkz zhere kre bzher jeafyerv cbjea zhkz ènerkaav

kzzrkmz yerv afzzae exzernka fnyezbr knj jbnbr uttbrz ouz neyerzheae mbnzrfouze ckfyeav zb

byerkaa fnjuzrv buzrekmh ifùre. Zhe cbz trbifaej mke zb jkze f terhkt zhe Fnjfkn eai#heat`rbut (]H@& oknl afnlkè trb`rkc phfmh murrenzav erye 54 cfaafbn mafenz! knj k umh f zhe

fnàe akrèz jeafyerv vzec fn zhe pbraj. Nexz zb zhkz zhere kre bzher mbccunfzv okej knj

cecoer okej vzec zhkz fnybaye zen bi cfaafbn bi mafenz pfzhbuz cumh exzernka uttbrz k

zhev kre kyfn` rkzher zhen mrejfz#jrfyen knj zhereibre nbz kn boyfbu zkrèz ibr exzernka

fnyezbr. Knj akzav! zhere f k pfje ykrfezv bi b#mkaaej zkrèzej tuoafm emzbr cfmrbifnknme

trb`rkc zhkz kab rekmh cfaafbn bi mafenz bn k àboka mkae.

Fi fz mbce zb rekmhfn` zhe tbbrez! zhee mbccunfzv knj cecoer okej vzec bizen hkye k

oezzer zrkml rembrj zhkn cbz mrejfz#jrfyen CIF ibr k ykrfezv bi rekbn. Ifrz! ov cknjkze zhev

bizen kre mbcteaaej zb exmaufyeav pbrl fn zhe krek phere zhefr cecoer afye knj pbrl. Fi

cecoerhft f rurka! zhe fnzfzuzfbn mkn nbz tfml ut fz oufne knj pkal kpkv zb urokn ckrlez.]embnj! zhee vzec uukaav erye cecoer bnav< zhev hkye zb zfml pfzh zhec knj mknnbz

erye nbn#cecoer mafenz! eyen fi zhee pbuaj oe oezzer mafenz irbc k trbifz tertemzfye. Zhfrj!

zhee vzec kre nbn#trbifz7 tbfzfye rezurn iabp okml zb cecoer knj nbz zb exzernka mktfzka

trbyfjer. ]b eyen fi fnzerez rkze kre hf`h! zhe trbmeej zherebi kre tbmlezej ov zhe mafenz k

cecoer. Iburzh! fnzerez rkze kre uukaav abper oemkue zrknkmzfbn mbz kre abper knj zklen

byer ov mafenz fn zhe ibrc bi zhefr tkrzfmftkzfbn fn cknkècenz knj `byernknme.

Zhe Tuoafm @bbj Mbnmetz

K embnj peklne bi zhe fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu f zhkz fz k vez hk zb mbce zb `rftpfzh zhe mbnmetz bi zhe tuoafm `bbj kttafej zb cfmrbifnknme. Zhf mbnmetz kaabz k rbae zb zhe

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tuoafm emzbr zb ifnknme kmzfyfzfe zhkz kre nbz ekfav iunjej ov zhe trfykze emzbr. Zhf rbae f

ènerkaav kmmetzej fi fz mbce zb emzbr umh k tbper! pkzer! zrkntbrzkzfbn! hekazh knj

ejumkzfbn! ouz nbz b fi fz mbce zb zhe ifnknmfka emzbr! tkrzfmuakrav cfmrbifnknme.

Zhe fnzernkzfbnka cfmrbifnknme mbnenu f zrbnàv afnlej zb k cbre ènerka bne! zhe b#mkaaej

Pkhfn`zbn Mbnenu! phfmh retreenz zhe byerkaa jeyeabtcenz thfabbthv! fjebab`v fi vbuafle! jef`nej ibr jeyeabtfn` mbunzrfe ov zhe Pkhfn`zbn! JM! okej Orezzbn Pbbj fnzfzuzfbn

(zhe Pbraj Oknl knj zhe FCI& knj! fn zhefr aftzrekc! zhe ckgbr cuazfakzerka knj ofakzerka

jeyeabtcenz ifnknme fnzfzuzfbn. Zhe Pkhfn`zbn Mbnenu f ifrcav okej bn k trfykze emzbr#

jrfyen jeyeabtcenz tertemzfye knj ènerkaav ikybr k afcfzej rbae ibr zhe tuoafm emzbr.

Kttafej zb cfmrbifnknme! fz kjybmkze k cere ikmfafzkzfn` rbae bi zhe tuoafm emzbr7 tuzzfn` fn takme

k reùakzbrv irkcepbrl zhkz kaabp ibr unafcfzej enzrv bi trfykze emzbr mktfzka knj mrekzfn` k

aeyea takvfn` ifeaj ibr kaa fnyezbr knj trkmzfzfbner. Zhf tremauje tuoafm emzbr enzfzfe zb

oembce en`kèj fn rezkfa aenjfn` kz oeabp ckrlez rkze zerc knj mbnjfzfbn.

Zhf ‘hknj#bii‖ kttrbkmh jbe nbz pbrl buz peaa bn kaa kmmbunz. Ifrz! reùakzfbn k fnzrbjumej

fn cknv mbunzrfe uukaav trbzemz fnyezbr knj kyer fnzerez bnav< nbz zhe fnzerez bi

obrrbper. Fz kjyknmej ckrlez! obrrbper kre trbzemzej ov k rknè bi ruae knj cekure umh

k zruzh#fn#aenjfn` akp! knzf#uurv akp! knzf#byer#fnjeozejne akp knj kez trbzemzfbn akp<

zhee kre rkreav fnmaujej fn cfmrbifnknme reùakzfbn irkcepbrl jeyeabtej fn ecer`fn` ckrlez!

btenfn` zhe jbbr ibr kaa lfnj bi ckatrkmzfme knj unezhfmka trkmzfme ov ae mrutuabu takver.

]embnj! tkyfn` zhe pkv ibr mbccermfkaav fntfrej CIF fn trkmzfme aekye cknv bi k mbunzrv‖

tbbrez tebtae un#eryej< zhev fctav jb nbz retreenz k mbccermfkaav fnzerezfn` oufne mke

zb zhee CIF. Ibr `byerncenz zhf mbnzfzuze k jfaecck. Bne zhe bne hknj! zhev ckv hkye

btenej br afoerkafwej zhe emzbr ov kaabpfn` trfykze emzbr mktfzka fniufbn! teriemzav fn afne pfzhzhe fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu! ouz bn zhe bzher zhev ckv ee zhkz zhe oual bi zhefr tbbrer

fnhkofzknz reckfn un#eryej. Zhe trbcfe bi cfmrbifnknme pbrlfn` ibr zhefr tbbr bizen f nbz

rekaav jeafyerej. Cknv kre zhereibre abblfn` ibr pkv knj cekn zb kttav zhe tuoafm `bbj

mbnmetz fn bne pkv br knbzher zb mbctenkze ibr ckrlez jeifmfenmfe knj ikfaure.

Tuoafm ]emzbr _etbne

Jeyeabtfn` mbunzrfe hkye rekmzej fn ykrfbu pkv zb zhe mbnenu phfmh kv zhkz

`byerncenz hbuaj zkv buz bi cfmrbifnknme! exmetz ibr teribrcfn` k ikmfafzkzfn` rbae. Zhe

zrbnèz retbne hk mbce irbc mbunzrfe zhkz eenzfkaav jfj nbz uomrfoe zb zhe

fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu knj penz zhefr bpn pkv. Zhree mke zknj buz fn zhf retemz. Zhe ifrzf Fnjfk! phere zhe `byerncenz hk oeen yerv fnzrucenzka fn mrekzfn` k hbce#`rbpn

cfmrbifnknme vzec zhkz pbrl ibr tbbr tebtae7 zhe ]H@ oknl afnlkè vzec. Zhf pk

ikmfafzkzej ov kn byerkaa ifrc tuoafm emzbr hbaj byer zhe ifnknmfka vzec bi zhe mbunzrv. Kaa

oknl! zkze#bpnej k peaa k trfykzeav#bpnej! ov akp kre reufrej zb fnyez kz aekz k zhfrj bi

zhefr kez fn jeyeabtcenz emzbr fnjfmkzej ov zhe `byerncenz. Trbyfjfn` phbaekae abkn zb

]H@ hk oembce zhe ckgbr fnzrucenz bi cknv oknl zb ceez zhkz reufrecenz knj fn cknv

mke fz retreenz zhefr oez teribrcfn` tbrzibafb.

K embnj mke f Oknàkjeh phere zhe `byerncenz mrekzej k nkzfbnka ktex ifnknme fnzfzuzfbn

zhkz trbyfje abp#mbz mktfzka zb eaf`foae CIF. Eaf`fofafzv ruae fnmauje k `bbj ifnknmfka zrkmlrembrj! k zrbn` ibmu bn rekmhfn` zhe tbbrer mafenz knj pfaafn`ne zb zrknier tkrz bi zhe mbz

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bi mktfzka uofjfe zb zhe mafenz. Zvtfmkaav! Oknàkjehf CIF zkle afzzae mktfzka irbc fnzernkzfbnka

takver fn yfep bi zhe hf`h mbz knj murrenmv rfl fnybayej. ]fcfakr ktex objfe hkye oeen

ezkoafhej fn bzher mbunzrfe k peaa. Fnzerezfnàv! terhkt! fn zhe mke bi Oknàkjeh k peaa k

fn bce bzher! zhe Pbraj Oknl tkrzfmftkze fn zhe mktfzka ibrckzfbn bi zhee ktex objfe.

Zhe zhfrj mke f Ezhfbtfk! phere zhe `byerncenz fnzrbjumej cfmrbifnknme reùakzfbn zhkz fufze jfiierenz irbc zhe cbjea fnzrbjumej eaephere fn Kirfmk. Zhe Ezhfbtfkn ykrfezv f zrbnàv

tbyerzv ibmuej knj trbcbze eryfme jeafyerv zb zhe tbbrez! etemfkaav zhe rurka tbbr. CIF ov

akp hkye zb oe hkrehbajfn` mbctknfe ouz kre kab reufrej zb rezkfn kaa ekrnfn`. Cbrebyer! kaa

hkrehbajer hkye zb oe nkzfbnka mfzfwen br jbcezfm fnzfzuzfbn! eiiemzfyeav leetfn` buz

exzernka eufzv trbyfjer. Zhe akrèr CIF! retreenzfn` bce 84% bi zhe ckrlez! kre okfmkaav

bpnej knj mktfzkafwej ov trbyfnmfka tuoafm emzbr fnzfzuzfbn. Knj nekrav kaa teribrc ufze peaa!

obzh bmfkaav knj ifnknmfkaav.

Bzher mke kre ae ‘buz bi afne‖ pfzh zhe fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu zhkz ikybr k iuaa ckrlez

kttrbkmh fn cfmrbifnknme. Fn ykrfbu Kirfmkn mbunzrfe `byerncenz hkye jef`nej rurka ifnknme

trb`rkc zhkz trbyfje uttbrz zb kaa lfnj bi ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn (N@B! CIF knj oknl& zhkz

kre pfaafn` zb tenezrkze rurka krek. Zhee trb`rkc kre bizen ifnknmej zhrbu`h mbnmefbnka

abkn irbc zhe Fnzernkzfbnka Iunj ibr K`rfmuazurka Jeyeabtcenz (FIKJ& br zhe Kirfmkn

Jeyeabtcenz Oknl (KiJO&.

Eyen fi zhee exkctae ckv nbz rekaav ifz fn pfzh zhe fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu! zhev kre rkreav

zrbnàv mrfzfmfwej< fn bce mke trbtbnenz bi zhe mbnenu kmzukaav tkrzfmftkze. Zhe rekbn

ibr zhkz f nbz b jfiifmuaz zb unjerzknj7 zhev kttekr zb pbrl! etemfkaav fi fz mbce zb

mbnzrfouzfn` zb àboka fnjuzrv buzrekmh nucoer. Fz f nbz yerv trujenz zb mrfzfmfwe jeyfknz

vzec fi zhev mbnmern zhe akrèz cfmrbifnknme ckrlez fn zhefr retemzfye re`fbn! fi nbz fn zhe

pbraj. Kz zhe kce zfce! zhe trbtbnenz bi zhe fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu ifnj fz hkrj zb makfivzhee vzec k oez trkmzfme fn zhefr bpn rf`hz k zhev kre nbz trbibunjav ckrlez okej.

Zhere kttekr zb oe k cenzka oabml zb jb b! tbfoav reakzej zb zhe ikmz zhkz zhee vzec bnav

afcfzejav zkt fnzb zhe reburme bi fnzernkzfbnka uttav fje takver< fn ikmz mkn akrèav f`nbre

zhec.

Zkrèzej Aenjfn`

Bne tuoafm emzbr retbne zb jeka pfzh unjer#eryej e`cenz bi zhe ckrlez! hbpeyer!

f zrbnàv mrfzfmfwej ov kaa7 zkrèzej aenjfn` zb trfbrfzv mafenz ov tuoafm emzbr fnzfzuzfbn bzher

zhkn zkze#bpnej oknl.

Zhe rekbn f zhkz zkrèzej aenjfn` hk ekrnej fzeai k hf`hav juofbu retuzkzfbn ibr ykrfbu

rekbn. Ifrz! fn zhe tuoafm eve `byerncenz mrejfz f bizen termefyej k k `fiz br zkx reokze< nbz

bnav ov mafenz ouz kab ov tbafzfmfkn. ]embnj! iree br oeabp ckrlez#rkze mrejfz trbyffbn f

mbnfjerej zb mbnzfzuze unikfr mbctezfzfbn zb ènufne CIF zhkz kre zb rembyer kaa zhefr mbz

zhrbu`h fnzerez ekrnfn`. Zhfrj! byerkaa ifnknmfka teribrcknme bi zkrèzej mrejfz trb`rkc f

jfcka knj kfj zb ènerkze k okj mrejfz muazure zhkz mkrrfe byer fnzb zhe cbre obnkifje

emzfbn bi zhe fnjuzrv unjercfnfn` zhe yfkofafzv zherebi. Knj iburzh! fz f yerv jfiifmuaz ibr

`byerncenz objfe! etemfkaav afne jetkrzcenz! zb orfn` zbèzher zhe exterzfe reufrej zb jb k

trbiefbnka gbo knj zb fnuakze fzeai! k fz pere! irbc zhe cknv bzher bogemzfye knj tbafmfe

zhev hkye zb turue.

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Fn bce mbunzrfe! `byerncenz hkye jemfjej zb zkv kpkv irbc jfremz aenjfn`! bizen fn zhe

pkle bi ibrcuakzfn` reùakzbrv cfmrbifnknme tbafmfe knj irkcepbrl. Fn bzher! zhev hkye mbce

zb reav bn k jfiierenz kttrbkmh7 buzburmfn`. @byerncenz jerfyej mrejfz f zhen hknjaej ov

retuzej CIF bn kn bii#okaknme heez okf. Kazernkzfyeav! zhe `byerncenz ezkoafhe k

tkrkzkzka zb zhf enj. Fnjbnefk! bne bi zhe akrèz cfmrbifnknme ckrlez fn zhe pbraj pfzh k

zrbn` tuoafm emzbr zrkjfzfbn! f cbyfn` fn zhe jfremzfbn bi buzburmfn`. Cbz `byerncenz mrejfztrb`rkc kre nbp cknkèj ov CIF knj fn mke mrejfz pk kmzukaav ceknz zb oe k `rknz fn zhe

ifrz takme! fz nbp `be buz k jfremz `rknz fnjeej zb eaf`foae tkrz bi zhe tbtuakzfbn.

Fn bzher mbunzrfe vez k`kfn! `byerncenz mbnzfnue trbyfjfn` rezkfa abkn! eyen fi eakobrkze

cfmrbifnknme tbafmfe hkye oeen fnzrbjumej! umh k fn Nfèrfk! br hkye re#fnzrbjumej zkrèzej

aenjfn` trb`rkc! k fn Lenvk< terhkt fn retbne zb akml bi bzher btzfbn zb rekmh zhe zkrèzej

mafenz.

Zhe PEI f ikfrav unfue fn zhkz fz mbcofne k jbuoae kttrbkmh7 buzburmfn` zhrbu`h CIF knj

jfremz aenjfn` zhrbu`h jetkrzcenzka mhknnea.

?.= LEV KTT_EMFKZFBN F]]UE]

@byerncenz _ezkfa Aenjfn`

K zkzej kobye! zhe fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu tekl buz zrbn av k`kfnz zkrèzej

`byerncenz rezkfa aenjfn`. @bfn` k`kfnz zhe murrenz! k fz pere! knj akunmhfn` k zkrèzej

aenjfn` trb`rkc zhereibre neej k ifrc rkzfbnkae. Aez u abbl kz phkz hkye oeen mbnfjerej lev

eaecenz bi umh k rkzfbnkae knj fi zhev rekaav hbaj fn trkmzfme.

K ifrz eaecenz f zhkz k rezkfa trb`rkc zkrèzfn` pbcen zknj fn k remenz Lenvkn zrkjfzfbn k

ekrafer zkrèzej trb`rkc ibr vbuzh knj bzher `rbut umh k mbiiee ikrcer hkj oeen akunmhej.

Fn zhkz ene zhe PEI fz f nbz k mbctaezeav nep fnfzfkzfye. Zhbu`h zhe vbuzh trb`rkc hk oeen

mrfzfmfwej ibr rekbn bi eiifmfenmv knj rfl bi tbafzfmfwkzfbn! remenz jfmufbn fn Tkrafkcenz k

peaa k zhe tbtuakrfzv bi zhe iunj bn zhe `rbunj fnjfmkze `rekz jecknj ibr zhe ikmfafzv< k jecknj

zhkz mkn nbz ekfav oe f`nbrej. Kaa ifrz fnjfmkzfbn hkye fz zhkz zhe pbcen‖ trb`rkc f eukaav

tbtuakr bn zhe `rbunj knj fn tbafzfm.

Zhf unmbyer k embnj mrfzfmka eaecenz7 zhe termefyej akml bi kmme ibr cknv pbcen zb

kiibrjkoae mrejfz. Fn ikmz! zhf f zhe ckfn guzfifmkzfbn ibr zhe PEI trbyfjej fn kaa fz

jbmucenzkzfbn. Jeokze f tbfoae! knj nemekrv! bn zhe uezfbn fi kaa Lenvkn pbcen uiier

irbc akml bi kmme zb ifnknme eukaav. Fn ikmz zhev jb nbz! k pfaa oe krùej eaephere fn zhf

retbrz! ouz phkz hk oembce maekr irbc kaa zhe ifeaj yffz mbnjumzej ov zhe Kecenz Zekc k

peaa k irbc kn byeryfep bi kaa reaeyknz afzerkzure! f zhkz zhere f huè uncez jecknj ibr mrejfz.

Terhkt nbz kaa jecknj f peaa#ukafifej ouz k uozknzfka tkrz f fnjeej.

Zhe zhfrj mrfzfmka eaecenz f zhe nbzfbn zhkz zhf unzkttej jecknj hk nbz oeen cez fn knv

f`nfifmknz ibrc k vez ov ezkoafhej cfmrbifnknme fnzfzuzfbn< efzher oemkue zhev kre nbz

bterkzfbnka fn recbze krek br oemkue zhe trfmfn` knj mbnjfzfbn bi zhefr eryfme kre zbb

trbhfofzfye zb eryfme zhkz jecknj.

;6



Zhee eaecenz! zhen! trbyfje zhe rkzfbnkae zb rebrz zb zkrèzej aenjfn` fn zhe mke bi PEI.

Irbc k jecknj tertemzfye! zhf rkzfbnkae f guzfifej fi fz f kmmetzej zhkz ibr rekbn bi turufn`

kn eufzkoae jeyeabtcenz zrkze`v! kab tebtae nbz vez eryfmej ov exfzfn` fnzfzuzfbn hkye k

rf`hz zb oe eryej. Kmmetzkzfbn bi zhf rekbnfn` eenzfkaav f k trerb`kzfye bi zhe tbafzfmka

jbckfn bi k mbunzrv knj zhf tbe afcfzkzfbn zb zhe reaeyknme bi zhe fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu.

Fi zhe rkzfbnkae f kab guzfifej irbc k uttav tertemzfye jetenj cbzav bn zhe mktkmfzv bi PEI

cknkècenz zb jb k mrejfoae gbo fn zhe krek bi rezkfa aenjfn`. Zhe PEI f ifnknmej ov zkx tkver‖

cbnev! knj zhee zkx tkver! zhrbu`h zhefr tbafzfmka retreenzkzfye! kttekr zb uttbrz zhe

fnfzfkzfye k cumh k zhev kttremfkze zhe vbuzh iunj. Okfmkaav! zhev pbuaj eec zb k`ree zhkz

zkrèzej mrejfz trbyffbn zb trfbrfzv mafenz neej zb oe mbnfjerej k k tuoafm `bbj fn zhefr

mbunzrv. Zhev boyfbuav extemz zhe `byerncenz zb jb b eiifmfenzav knj trujenzav. Kz zhf tbfnz

fn zfce fz f zbb ekrav zb krrfye kz ikr#rekmhfn` mbnmaufbn! k zhe nexz mhktzer fn zhf retbrz pfaa

extakfn! b here zhe yerjfmz f zfaa hkn`fn` fn zhe okaknme. Vez! zhe Kecenz Zekc pfaa treenz

k nucoer bi mbnfjerkzfbn zb oe teruej ov zhe PEI.

]uofjfwej Fnzerez _kze

Zhe fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu kab tekl buz k`kfnz uofjfwej fnzerez rkze ibr trfbrfzv

mafenz. Zhe okfm rekbn unjeravfn` zhf mbnenu f zpb#ibaj. Ifrz! zhe ckgbr bozkmae ibr tbbr

tebtae fi fz mbce zb ifnknmfka eryfme jeafyerv f kfj zb oe kn fue bi kmme! nbz kn fue bi

trfmfn`. ]embnj! uofjfwej fnzerez rkze ckv unjermuz zhe yfkofafzv bi ckrlez#okej

cfmrbifnknme k fz trbyfje unikfr mbctezfzfbn. Zhere f cumh zb kv fn ikybr bi zhf rekbnfn` ouz

kab cumh zb kv fn bttbfzfbn zb fz< fz okfmkaav f k hf`hav mbctafmkzej fue zhkz jbe nbz rekaav

oeneifz irbc k zrkf`hzibrpkrj ve br nb tbfzfbn.

K trk`ckzfm pkv zb zkmlae zhe fnzerez rkze fue f zb abbl kz ekrnfn` mktkmfzv bi mafenz. Ktbtuakr kvfn` hk fz zhkz fz zkle cbnev zb ckle cbnev. Kttafej zb cfmrbifnknme fz f bizen

unjerzbbj fn zerc bi mrekzfn` kmme zb ifnknme oefn` zhe ufnzeenzfka zhfn` zb jb.

Unibrzunkzeav! ibr cknv tebtae zhkz f nbz zhe mke. Kmme zb mktfzka f bnav bne fn`rejfenz zb

ckle cbnev buz bi cbnev< bzher fn`rejfenz kre ifnknmfka afzerkmv! oufne kmucen! kykfakofafzv

bi kjjfzfbnka kez! kmme zb ckrlez! knj b bn knj b ibrzh.

K k ruae bi zhuco! zhe hf`her zhe mafenz f tbfzfbnej fn zhe bmfb#embnbcfm tvrkcfj! zhe hf`her

her ekrnfn` mktkmfzv! uukaav oemkue he mkn kykfa bi zhee kjjfzfbnka fn`rejfenz. Zhe abper k

mafenz f tbfzfbnej fn zhe tvrkcfj! hbpeyer! zhe cbre jfcfnfhej her fnmbce ekrnfn` mktkmfzfe

kre. ]b pherek bce mafenz mkn kiibrj hf`h fnzerez rkze oemkue zhev ckle uozknzfka

rezurn bn zhefr fnyezcenz! bzher mafenz bnav ckle ckr`fnka rezurn! fnuiifmfenz zb kiibrj hf`hfnzerez rkze.

Ckrlez kttrbkmh kjybmkze uukaav tbfnz buz zhkz cfaafbn bi tebtae kmzukaav mkn kiibrj hf`h

fnzerez rkze knj ee afzzae rekbn phv bzher mkn nbz. Zhe fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu eenzfkaav

ibaabp zhf afne bi krùcenzkzfbn ouz kab k`ree zhkz zhe ‘tbbrez#bi#zhe#tbbr‖ kre nbz eaf`foae

ibr cfmrbifnknme fn zhe ifrz takme knj hbuaj terhkt oe biierej bzher eryfme umh k ibbj ibr

pbrl br ibbj kfj. Jeyeabtcenz kjybmkze mbnfjer zhf tbfzfbn ufze bogemzfbnkoae k fz muz bii

zhe tbbrez e`cenz bi mafenz irbc eryfme jeafyerv< zhev pbuaj rkzher krùe fn kn bttbfze

jfremzfbn ov refzerkzfn` zhkz cfmrbifnknme pk fnyenzej zb erye zhee tbbrer e`cenz zb zkrz

pfzh. Zb jrbt zhee mafenz fctav oemkue zhev mknnbz kiibrj hf`h fnzerez rkze! zb zhecretreenz mbnmetzuka urrenjer.

?4



Fn trkmzfme! cfmrbifnknme fnzerez rkze kre uofjfwej fn cknv pkv! jfremzav knj fnjfremzav. K

mbccbn trkmzfme f zb uofjfwe mbz bi mktfzka. Ov zrkjfzfbn jbnbr kènmfe reafej bn zhf

trkmzfme! bce zfaa jb! ouz k extakfnej kobye kab zhe tuoafm emzbr fn k `rbpfn` nucoer bi

mbunzrfe hk oembce fnybayej ov pkv bi fnzkaafn` ktex ifnknme fnzfzuzfbn zhkz trbyfje abp

mbz mktfzka zb CIF. Zhee abp mbz bi mktfzka bizen zrknakze fnzb abper fnzerez rkze.

K embnj cemhknfc f zhe uofjfwkzfbn bi bterkzfbnka knj fnyezcenz mbz. [ufze k iep CIF!

fnmaujfn` mbccermfka bne! remefye kaa lfnj bi bterkzfbnka knj fnyezcenz `rknz7 zb oembce

kmzfye fn nep abmkafzfe! zb turmhke vzec! zb jeyeabt trbjumz knj eryfme! zb ouv! euft knj

iurnfh biifme! ezm. Zhee `rknz fnjfremzav mbnzrfouze zb abper fnzerez rkze k zhe uofjfwej

mbz jb nbz neej zb oe mkrrfej byer zb mafenz! kazhbu`h zhf bcezfce hktten nbnezheae zb

fnmreke trbifz ckr`fn.

K zhfrj knj rkreav boeryej tkzzern bi mbz uofjfwkzfbn mbce irbc CIF zkii. Tkrzfmuakrav

jeyeabtcenz ibmuej CIF! cbzav N@B! hkye fnzkaaej k muazure bi trujenme knj iru`kafzv fn

zhefr fnzfzuzfbn7 boer biifme! abp kakrfe! nb irfaa knj terl knj fn ufze k iep mke tkrzfka

reafknme bn ybaunzkrv pbrl. Zhf mbnfjerkoav jrfye jbpn bterkzfbnka mbz knj zrknakze fn

abper fnzerez rkze. Oknàkjeh knj Ezhfbtfk kre nbzkoae exkctae bi zhf trkmzfme. Fz f trbokoav

nb mbfnmfjenme zhkz fn obzh mbunzrfe cfmrbifnknme f lnbpn zb hkye k zrbn` rurka okf knj f

ifrcav ibmuej bn rekmhfn` zhe tbbrez e`cenz bi bmfezv.

Knbzher ckgbr ibrc bi fnjfremz uofjfwkzfbn zkle zhe ibrc bi biierfn` nbn#ifnknmfka eryfme

iree bi mhkr e7 `rbut ibrckzfbn knj cknkècenz! ifnknmfka afzerkmv zrkfnfn`! knj oufne

jeyeabtcenz uttbrz kre ouz k iep bi zhe kmzfyfzfe mbnjumzej ov cknv CIF zb heat zhefr

mafenz! tkrzfmuakrav enzrv aeyea mafenz! zb ue zhefr abkn trujenzav knj trbifzkoav. Fn k pkv! zhee

eryfme heat cklfn` mafenz eaf`foae.

K akz jfremz ibrc bi fnzerez rkze uofjfe mbce irbc Fnjfk phere oknl kttav bttbrzunfzv

mbz mbnfjerkzfbn zb trbyfje eai#heat `rbut pfzh abp#mbz phbaekae abkn! eyen zhbu`h ]H@

cecoer mhkrè bne#knbzher fnjfyfjuka rkze zpb br zhree zfce hf`her. Zhe jfiierenzfka ckr`fn

kre uej ov zhe `rbut zb trbyffbn ibr okj jeoz fn zhefr bpn mfrmae knj zhe oknl kacbz kmrb

zhe obkrj ikme nb retkvcenz fue bn zhefr phbaekae tbrzibafb! rejumfn` zhefr bterkzfbnka knj

trbyffbnfn` mbz mbnfjerkoav. Zhkz pkv! abp fnzerez ekrnfn` kre okaknmej pfzh rejumej mbz

zrumzure.

Ov knj akrè! CIF zhkz biier hf`h br abp fnzerez rkze kre eryfn` jfiierenz `rbut bi mafenz.

Zhf zkle buz zhe zfn` bi zhe krùcenz zhkz uofjfwej fnzerez rkze pbuaj aekj zb unikfrmbctezfzfbn fn zhe ckrlez. Hf`h fnzerez rkze cbzav kttav fn urokn menzer knj kre mhkrèj ov

mbccermfka CIF bterkzfn` fn zhkz ckrlez. Abp rkze kre cbzav kttafej ov nbn#trbifz CIF zhkz

trejbcfnknzav bterkze fn rurka ezzfn`! phere iep tebtae mkn kiibrj zb tkv hf`h rkze.

Zb jkze! zhe PEI hk nbz ckje zhkz jfzfnmzfbn knj f jecknjfn` zhkz fz aenjfn`! fnmaujfn` zhe

buzburmej tkrz bi fz! f mkttej ov kn 8% fnzerez rkze. Zhe trfnmftae bi abp mbz aenjfn` pbuaj oe

guzfifej fn mke kaa PEI mafenz pbuaj oe mafenz phbe afcfzej fnmbce ekrnfn` tbzenzfka pbuaj

jfukafiv zhec irbc eryfme jeafyerv ov ezkoafhej CIF. Zhkz f nbz kapkv zhe mke k k nexz

emzfbn bi zhf retbrz pfaa extakfn. Zhf f bne krek phere zhe trb`rkc f mhkaaenèj! k pe hkaa

ee. Knbzher fue f fi zhe 8% ckrl fzeai f zhe cbz rekbnkoae bne fn zhe mbnzexz bi abp mbzfnzerez rkze. Zhf pfaa kab oe iurzher eakobrkzej eaephere fn zhf retbrz.

?;



Trb`rkc ]uzkfnkofafzv

K zhfrj knj akz fue phere zhe PEI kz ikme ykaue f nbz fn afne pfzh zhe fnzernkzfbnka

mbnenu f fn zhe krek bi uzkfnkofafzv. K extakfnej kobye! cfmrbifnknme f pfjeav mbnfjerej

k k jeyeabtcenz emzbr zhkz f uttbej zb oe uzkfnkoae br eai#ifnknmfn`. Bzher `b bne zetiurzher knj krùe zhkz cfmrbifnknme hk zb oe trbifzkoae. Fn obzh mke! zhe fue bi uzkfnkofafzv

f ibmuej bn zhe eryfme trbyfjer! zhe CIF. _kre! ouz fnzerezfn` nbnezheae! f zhe u`èzfbn

zb kttav zhe trfnmftae bi uzkfnkofafzv zb zhe afye bi mafenz rkzher zhkn zhe fnzfzuzfbn eryfn`

zhec. Irbc k jeyeabtcenz tertemzfye zhere f ufze bcezhfn` zb kv fn ikybr bi iurzher

extabrfn` zhf mbnmetz! ouz terhkt nbz kz zhf tbfnz.

Phkz f cbre reaeyknz here! f zhkz fz f ufze mbctafmkzej! fi nbz fctbfoae! zb kttav zhe

trfnmftae bi uzkfnkofafzv zb k tuoafm emzbr trb`rkc. Zhere kre zpb rekbn ibr zhkz. Ifrz! k zhe

fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu hbp afzzae kttremfkzfbn ibr tuoafm emzbr fnybayecenz fn cfmrbifnknme

fn trfnmftae! iep reburme hkye kaabmkzej zb reekrmhfn` zhe fue zb jkze< btfnfbn aekjer fn zhe

fnzernkzfbnka krenk hkye mbce zb f`nbre zhf fnybayecenz! kab oemkue zhev kttekr zb hkye

jfiifmuazfe mbcfn` zb `rft pfzh zhe tuoafm `bbj mbnmetz fn zhe emzbr.

]embnj! `byerncenz pbrl fn iunjkcenzkaav jfiierenz pkv zhkn ckrlez. _uae zhkz kttav zb

zhe trfykze emzbr ckv nbz kttav zb zhe tuoafm emzbr7 `byerncenz! ibr fnzknme! mkn nbz rekaav

`b oknlrutz pherek CIF mkn knj bcezfce jb.

Zhe cbz f`nfifmknz fue! terhkt! f zhkz `byerncenz tenj cbnev rkzher zhkn cknkè

kez. Zhev kaabmkze oujèz zb jetkrzcenz bn kn knnuka okf! mbaaemz zkx cbnfe zb ifnknme

zhee oujèz! jetaeze zhee oujèz knj zhen rezkrz zhe kce mvmae. Boyfbuav! zhe tuoafm

emzbr kab hk k rbae fn cknk`fn` tuoafm kez! k bttbej zb oujèz! ouz zhf retbnfofafzv fuukaav takmej pfzh temfkafwej fnzfzuzfbn7 zkze#bpnej oknl! fnzfzuzfbn knj mbrtbrkzfbn k

peaa k tkrkzkzka knj fn bce mke eyen trfykze emzbr takver.

Phkz ckle k uzkfnkofafzv knkavf mbctafmkzej fn zhe mke bi zhe PEI f zhe ikmz zhkz zhe Iunj

f teribrcfn` ykrfbu jfzfnmz iunmzfbn fcuazknebuav. Ifrz! fz hk k tenjfn` retbnfofafzv7

oujèz hkye oeen kaabmkzej knj zhere f mbrretbnjfn` treure zb kaabmkze reburme zfceav

knj fn afne pfzh zhefr jezfnkzfbn. ]embnj! fz hk kn kez cknkècenz br fnyezbr retbnfofafzv7

cbz bi zhe iunj kre zrknibrcej irbc `rknz zb mktfzka knj ckje kykfakoae zb cfmrbifnknme

bterkzbr phb hkye zb rezurn zhe mktfzka fn jue zfce! phen fz f zrknibrcej okml zb tuoafm

emzbr fnmbce kpkfzfn` k nep jezfnkzfbn. Zhfrj! f hk k rezkfa aenjfn` retbnfofafzv zhrbu`h

jetkrzcenzka afne! eenzfkaav enzruzfn` tuoafm emzbr ectabvee pfzh abkn biifmer juzfe zhkzkre uukaav kbmfkzej pfzh trfykze br mfyfm emzbr takver. Zhe mbctafmkzfbn f fn tfnnfn` jbpn

phfmh tkrzfmuakr retbnfofafzv hk zb oe afnlej pfzh zhe uzkfnkofafzv fue7 f fz zhe oujèz

iunmzfbn! zhe fnyezbr iunmzfbn br zhe rezkfa iunmzfbn br terhkt knv ibrc bi mbcofnkzfbn2

K embnj mbctafmkzfbn ecerè phen tbnjerfn` kobuz zhe mbneuenme bi akml bi uzkfnkofafzv

kz knv trb`rkc aeyea. Pfaa zhe trb`rkc oe jfmbnzfnuej fi fz pfaa hbp nbz zb oe uzkfnkoae! k

cf`hz oe zhe ikfzh bi CIF fn fcfakr mfrmuczknme2 Trbokoav nbz7 trb`rkc zklehbajer hkye

nbz maekrav klej ibr uzkfnkofafzv bzher zhkn zhkz trb`rkc tkrzner! zhe mbnzrkmzej CIF!

hbuaj oe koae zb retkv zhefr mktfzka abkn. Cbre afleav! zhe umme bi zhe trb`rkc pfaa oe

jezercfnej fn zhe iuzure kabn` zhe afne bi zhe trb`rkc‖ mktkmfzv zb rekmh pbcen zhkz

??



bzherpfe pbuaj nbz hkye oeen rekmhej! efzher jfremzav ov zhe `byerncenz br fnjfremzav ov zhe

tkrzfmftkzfn` CIF.

Zhe Kecenz Zekc pfaa zhereibre ibmu bn zhf extemzkzfbn knj bnav zbumh utbn uzkfnkofafzv

fue zhkz kre bi jfremz reaeyknme ibr zhe PEI trbter< nbz b cumh bn phkz zhe fnzernkzfbnka

mbnenu ckv mbnfjer kttrbtrfkze.

PEI Tbfzfbnfn`

Zhe PEI f k tuoafm emzbr cfmrbifnknme uttbrz fnfzfkzfye zhkz ibaabp k jbuoae okrreaej

kttrbkmh ov trbyfjfn` abp#mbz phbaekae abkn zb Lenvkn CIF zb rekmh fnjfyfjuka mafenz knj

abp#mbz phbaekae abkn zb pbcen `rbut karekjv mbnnemzej zb zhe Cfnfzrv. Zhe ifrz

kttrbkmh! zhbu`h nbz nemekrfav uttbrzej ov zhe fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu bn cfmrbifnknme oez

trkmzfme! f bn zhe rfe fn k `rbpfn` nucoer bi mbunzrfe! uukaav zb zhe kzfikmzfbn bi CIF knj

zhefr mafenz. Zhe embnj kttrbkmh! hbpeyer! f pfjeav makfifej k tbbr trkmzfme knj nbz

enjbrej. ]zkrzfn` k trb`rkc k`kfnz zhf fnzernkzfbnka tkzzern bi kttremfkzfbn reufre k bunj

guzfifmkzfbn.

Zhe Kecenz Zekc f bi zhe btfnfbn zhkz zhf guzfifmkzfbn tbzenzfkaav f trbyfjej ov zhe huè

uncez jecknj ibr ifnknmfka eryfme jeafyerv fn krek nbz vez eryfmej ov ezkoafhej CIF! knj ov

tebtae phbe ekrnfn` mktkmfzv f zbb ckr`fnka zb kaabp ibr eryfme jeafyerv ov zhee CIF. Zhe

Zekc kttremfkze zhkz zhe tuoafm emzbr mkn nbz kapkv pkfz ibr zhe trfykze emzbr zb ceez zhkz

jecknj fn jue zfce! fi kz kaa. @byerncenz kre enzfzaej zb kttav zhe tuoafm `bbj mbnmetz zb

cfmrbifnknme k cumh k zhev mkn kttav zhe mbnmetz zb bzher krek bi embnbcfm knj bmfka

jeyeabtcenz< zhe jemffbn zb jb b rez enzfreav pfzh zhe tbafzfmka jbckfn bi k mbunzrv knj mkn

nbz oe ckje uogemz zb bce fnzernkzfbnka mbnenu.

Kz zhe kce zfce! kttavfn` zhe tuoafm `bbj mbnmetz mbctea `byerncenz zb jb k mrejfoae gbo fn

zerc bi mbctenkzfn` ibr trfykze emzbr fneiifmfenmfe knj afcfzkzfbn. Zhe reckfnjer bi zhf

retbrz pfaa kjjre zhe uezfbn fi zhe PEI f fnjeej bn zrkml zb jb k mrejfoae gbo.

?=



= CK_LEZ TB]FZFBNFN@7

ZHE PEI _EYFEPEJ FN ZHE MBNZEXZ BI LENVKN CFM_BIFNKNME

=.; TBAFMV I_KCEPB_L

Ibunjfn` Jbmucenz

Zhe ibrckzfbn bi zhe Pbcen Enzertrfe Iunj fn Jemecoer ?449 ov zhe @byerncenz bi

Lenvk pk mbnfjerej k zrkze`fm cbye zbpkrj kjjrefn` tbyerzv kaaeyfkzfbn zhrbu`h bmfb#

embnbcfm ectbpercenz bi pbcen. K umh zhe Iunj f k ckgbr fnzrucenz zb mbnzrfouze zb zhe

rekafwkzfbn bi zhe bogemzfye ibrcuakzej fn Lenvk‖ Nkzfbnka Tbafmv bn @enjer knj Jeyeabtcenz

bi ?444. Zhe byerkaa bogemzfye bi zhf tbafmv f zb enure pbcen‖ ectbpercenz knj zhe

ckfnzrekcfn` bi neej knj mbnmern bi pbcen! cen! `fra knj obv fn kaa emzbr bi

jeyeabtcenz fn zhe mbunzrv b zhkz zhev mkn tkrzfmftkze knj oeneifz eukaav irbc jeyeabtcenz

fnfzfkzfye.

Zhe Nkzfbnka Tbafmv k peaa k zhe ]efbnka Tkter bn @enjer Eukafzv knj Jeyeabtcenz (?449&

kre kz zhe okf bi zhe Takn bi Kmzfbn (?448#?4;?& zb Fctaecenz zhe Nkzfbnka Tbafmv bn @enjer

knj Jeyeabtcenz (Ckrmh ?448& bi zhe Cfnfzrv bi @enjer! Mhfajren knj ]bmfka Jeyeabtcenz. Zhe

Kmzfbn Takn f k mbctrehenfye irkcepbrl ibr zhe byerkaa bogemzfye bi zhe Nkzfbnka Tbafmv knj

mktzure zhe ènjer mbnmern fn lev emzbr knj buzafne fnzeryenzfbn knj zrkze`fe phfmh kre

zb orfn` reka mhknè zb pbcen knj `fra fn Lenvkn bmfezv.

Bi zhe nfne krek bi zhe nkzfbnka ènjer tbafmv! zpb hkye oeen bi jfremz reaeyknme zb ezkoafh

zhe Pbcen Enzertrfe iunj7 recbyka bi fctejfcenz zb euka kmme zb embnbcfm knjectabvcenz bttbrzunfzfe ibr cen knj pbcen k peaa k tbyerzv erkjfmkzfbn knj trbcbzfbn bi

uzkfnkoae afyeafhbbj. Fn zhe kfc knj buztuz bi zhe ab`fmka irkcepbrl bi zhe Kmzfbn Takn zhf

pbrl buz k ibaabp<

Byerkaa tbafmv bogemzfye7

Zb ikmfafzkze zhe ckfnzrekcfn` bi zhe neej knj mbnmern bi cen knj pbcen fn kaa krek fn zhe

jeyeabtcenz trbme fn zhe mbunzrv

;. EMBNBCV

Buzmbce7

Fctrbyej kmme zb embnbcfm knj ectabvcenz bttbrzunfzfe ibr obzh cen knj pbcen.

Buztuz7;. Akp zhkz hfnjer pbcen‖ kmme zb knj mbnzrba byer embnbcfm reburme reyfepej! enkmzej knj

fctaecenzej.

?. Cekure zhkz ùkrknzee eufzv knj ikfrne fn kmme zb ectabvcenz bttbrzunfzfe! fn obzh

ibrcka knj fnibrcka emzbr enhknmej.

=. Fctrbyej ybmkzfbnka knj zemhnfmka lfaa bi zhe ckr fnkafwej knj yuanerkoae fnjfyfjuka knj

`rbut.

:. @enjer retbnfyene fn exzenfbn eryfme enhknmej fn kaa emzbr bi jeyeabtcenz.

5. @enjer enfzfye zemhnbab fe fn k rfmuazure! ibbj trbjumzfbn! zbrkè! trbmefn` knj

tretkrkzfbn enhknmej.

9. @enjer retbnfye k`rfmuazurka reekrmh knj jfecfnkzfbn bi ifnjfn` trbcbzej.

0. @enjer fnjfmkzbr zb cbnfzbr tkrzfmftkzfbn bi pbcen fn embnbcfm jeyeabtcenz reiaemzej fn pbrl

takn knj trb`rkc jbmucenz fn kaa emzbr.

?:



?. TBYE_ZV _EJUMZFBN KNJ ]U]ZKFNKOAE AFYEAFHBBJ]

Buzmbce7

Fnmrekej kmme ov pbcen zb knj mbnzrba byer trbjumzfye kez fn k kie enyfrbncenz.

Buztuz7

;. ]ex#jfk``re`kzej jkzk bn tbyerzv rejumzfbn mbaaemzej! knkavwej! jfecfnkzej knj uzfafwej.?. Fctrbyej retbnfyene bi zhe nkzfbnka oujèz zb zhe neej bi zhe tbbrez pbcen.

=. Enhknmej eufzkoae jfzrfouzfbn bi trbjumzfye kez! pekazh knj bttbrzunfzfe.

:. @enjer retbnfye ckmrb#embnbcfm tbafmv ibrcuakzfbn vzec ibr uzkfnkoae jeyeabtcenz fn

takme.

5. ]vzec ibr tuoafm extenjfzure trbcbzfn` pbcen‖ embnbcfm bttbrzunfzfe knj euka kmme zb

trbjumzfye reburme ezkoafhej.

9. Kn enkoafn` enyfrbncenz ibr pbcen zb tkrzfmftkze fn enyfrbncenzka mbnerykzfbn! cknkècenz

bi pkzer reburme knj jeyeabtcenz bi kttrbtrfkze hbufn` ezkoafhej.

Fz f buztuz ?.5 fn zhe zkoae kobye zhkz jrbye zhe ibrckzfbn bi zhe Pbcen Enzertrfe Iunj. Zhe

rekbn ibr br`knfwfn` tuoafm emzbr uttbrz fn k temfka iunj rkzher zhkn zhrbu`h jetkrzcenzka

oujèz f zpbibaj7 leetfn` k maekr zrkml bi zhe tenjfn` knj reuaz bi zhe reburme kaabmkzej

knj kaabpfn` ibr trujenz cknkècenz bi zhe mktfzka tkrz bi zhe reburme zb oe abknej zb

ykrfbu zhfrj tkrzfe.

Zhe PEI hk ibrcuakzej ifye temfifm bogemzfye! mktzurej fn zhe @ufjeafne ibr zhe Pbcen

Enzertrfe Iunj! fuej ov zhe Tercknenz ]emrezkrv bi zhe Cfnfzrv bi @enjer<

;. Trbyfje abkn zb ezkoafhej cfmrbifnknme fnzercejfkrfe umh k CIF! N@B knj ]KMMB

?. Kzzrkmz knj ikmfafzkze fnyezcenz fn cfmrb! ckaa knj cejfuc enzertrfe brfenzej

mbccermfka fnirkzrumzure umh k oufne ckrlez br oufne fnmuokzbr zhkz pfaa oe

oeneifmfka zb pbcen enzertrfe.

=. ]uttbrz pbcen brfenzej cfmrb! ckaa knj cejfuc enzertrfe zb jeyeabt afnlkè pfzhakrè enzertrfe.

:. Ikmfafzkze ckrlezfn` bi trbjumz knj eryfme bi pbcen enzertrfe fn obzh jbcezfm knj

fnzernkzfbnka ckrlez.

5. ]uttbrz mktkmfzv oufajfn` bi zhe oeneifmfkrfe bi zhe Iunj knj zhefr fnzfzuzfbn.

Zhee bogemzfye mbyer k pfje krek bi fnzerez knj tbzenzfka kmzfyfzfe zb oe unjerzklen br

uttbrzej ov zhe Iunj. Ibr zhe zfce oefn`! hbpeyer! zhe Iunj hk ibrcuakzej zpb ckgbr

trbjumz afne bnav7 mktfzka trbyffbn zb ifnknmfka fnzercejfkrfe knj mktkmfzv oufajfn` knj

mbccunfzv cbofafwkzfbn. Zhf embnj trbjumz afne hk nbz oeen iurzher jeyeabtej k vez!

eiiemzfyeav afcfzfn` murrenz bterkzfbn zb mktfzka trbyffbn zb ifnknmfka fnzercejfkrfe. Fn bzher

pbrj! bnav zhe ifrz bi zhe ifye Iunj bogemzfye afzej kobye hk oeen bterkzfbnkafwej zb jkze!pfzh zhe trbyfb zhkz k etkrkze rezkfa mrejfz afne hk oeen jeyeabtej zhrbu`h zhe Cfnfzrv‖

Mbnzfzuenmv PEI Mbccfzzee (MPEIM&. Zhe ifrz bogemzfye f zhereibre zhe ckfn uogemz bi zhf

reyfep.

Mafenz Zkrèzfn` Tbafmv

Iunj tbafmfe kre ufze zrkf hzibrpkrj fn fz mafenz zkrèzfn`7 eenzfkaav kaa Lenvkn

pbcen kre eaf`foae zb kmme PEI mktfzka zhrbu`h zhe ifnknmfka fnzercejfkrfe eaemzej k Iunj

tkrzner fnzfzuzfbn. Zhee kènz obrrbp irbc zhe Iunj knj bn#aenj zb Lenvkn pbcen. K zhe

pbcen kre extemzej zb retkv zhe abkn zb zhe kènz! kn kjjfzfbnka ukafifer f zhkz mafenz kre

?5



uttbej zb oe kmzfye fn fnmbce ènerkzfn` br enzretreneurfka kmzfyfzfe fn brjer zb ènerkze

uiifmfenz rezurn zb kaabp ibr retkvcenz bi zhefr abkn.

Zhe PEI pk mbnmernej zhkz nbz kaa Lenvkn pbcen pbuaj hkye euka exme zb zhe mrejfz afne

ckje kykfakoae zhrbu`h zhe kènz knj hk kmmbrjfnàv jemfjej zb ez ut kn kjjfzfbnka afne

zhrbu`h zhe Cfnfzrv‖ jfzrfmz biifme fn mbbterkzfbn pfzh zhe MPEIM cenzfbnej kobye. Zheembccfzzee kre zb enure zhkz pbcen afyfn` fn recbze krek pfaa nbz oe jfkjyknzkèj oemkue

zhee krek ckv nbz oe eryfmej ov zhe Iunj‖ kènz. K embnj mbnmern pk zhe rekafwkzfbn zhkz

nbz kaa pbcen pbuaj oe koae zb hknjae zhe fnzerez rkze mhkrèj ov zhe kènz fn zhefr bpn

retemzfye aenjfn` trb`rkc. Ibr zhkz rekbn zhe kènz kre reufrej zb leet zhefr fnzerez rkze

byer PEI jerfyej mktfzka afcfzej zb 8% ter knnuc! mkamuakzej byer jemafnfn` abkn okaknme.

Mbnfjerfn` zhkz zhe kènz obrrbp kz ;% irbc zhe PEI! zhefr tkrzfmftkzfbn fn zhe jfzrfouzfbn bi

PEI abkn zhereibre f okej bn k trekj bi 0%.

Mbneuenme bi Zkrèzfn` knj Trfmfn` Tbafmfe

Zhe trboaec pfzh zhe ènerka trfmfn` tbafmv fnzkaaej f zhkz fz jbe fnjeej ikmfafzkze

tkrzfmftkzfbn bi pbcen zhkz ckv ikme trboaec pfzh ckrlez#okej fnzerez rkze! ouz kab

oeneifz pbcen zhkz pbuaj hkye nb trboaec pfzh umh rkze. Zhf embnj mkze`brv bi mafenz

zhu oeneifz irbc ikmfafzfe zhev ckv nbz kmzukaav neej. Phfaz zhf cf`hz oe mbnfjerej k

hkrcae pfnjikaa ibr zhec! fz f fctbrzknz zb rekafwe zhkz ibr eyerv fnàe PEI mafenz zhkz ckv nbz

neej uofjfwej fnzerez rkze! zhere f knbzher tbzenzfka PEI mafenz zhkz jbe neej zhkz ikmfafzv

ouz mknnbz oe eryej fn iep bi zhe afcfzej kcbunz bi mktfzka kykfakoae.

Zhf trboaec f jfremzav reakzej zb knbzher bne7 zhe btenfn` bi zhe Iunj zb kaa Lenvkn pbcen.

Zhf ènerfm kttrbkmh ckv hkye fz bpn cerfz! ouz zhe uezfbn reckfn fi fz mbnzrfouze zb

euka kmme. Zhe kuctzfbn zhkz pbcen ikme cbre kmme trboaec zhkn cen f jfiifmuaz zbuozknzfkze fn trkmzfme. Pbcen mbnzfzuze zhe ykz ckgbrfzv bi cfmrbifnknme mafenz< kz k àboka

mkae k peaa k fn Lenvk. Fn kmmefn` mrejfz knj hknjafn` abkn zhev bizen jb ikme kjjfzfbnka

ènjer#reakzej mhkaaenè! k pfaa oe extakfnej fn k nexz emzfbn! ouz kmme ter æ f nbz rekaav zb

oe ukafifej k k ènerka bozkmae. Zhe cbre ournfn` trboaec eec zb oe zhkz zhe tbbrez

pbcen ikme kn kmme fue! etemfkaav! ouz nbz exmaufyeav! fn rurka krek.

Ov zrkjfzfbn! ]KMMB fn Lenvk kre zhe cbz trbcfnenz ifnknmfka eryfme trbyfjer fn rurka krek!

ouz kab ov zrkjfzfbn! zhev zenj zb ibmu bn eryfn` zhe b#mkaaej rurka cfjjae mak7 ckae mkh

mrbt ikrcer. Kazhbu`h zhf zrkjfzfbn f erbjfn`! fz hk mrekzej k ae`kmv bi k jfzfnmz ènjer

mbnifùrkzfbn fn Lenvkn cfmrbifnknme phereov pbcen retreenz zhe ckgbrfzv bi urokn knj terf#

urokn mafenz knj cen zhe ckgbrfzv bi rurka mafenz.; Kjjrefn` zhf hfzbrfmka fcokaknme mbuaj oembnfjerej k iuzure bterkzfbnka bogemzfye bi zhe PEI< ibr fnzknme ov trfbrfzfwfn` eryfme jeafyerv

zb rurka pbcen br cbre tremfeav7 ov trfbrfzfwfn` eryfme jeafyerv zb tbbr rurka pbcen. Zhkz f

zhe mkze`brv bi pbcen ikmfn` zhe `rekzez bozkmae zb kmmefn` cfmrbifnknme. Oemkue zhev kre

rurka zhev kre ae fnzenfyeav zkrèzej ov ezkoafhej CIF! oemkue zhev kre pbcen zhev hkye

ae ekv kmme zb ezkoafhej rurka fnzercejfkrfe knj oemkue zhev kre tbbr zhev ckv nbz oe

koae zb kmme ifnknme unjer zerc knj mbnjfzfbn kttafej ov mbccermfka CIF.

;

Zhf boerykzfbn f nbz kz bjj phfz zhe treyfbu bne zhkz u`èzej zhkz zhe ykz ckgbrfzv bi cfmrbifnknme mafenz fn Lenvk kre pbcen oemkue urokn ifnknme f mbnfjerkoav cbre jeyeabtej zhkn

rurka ifnknme.

?9



Zhe Aeyea bi ]trekj knj fz Mbneuenme

Nbn#uofjfwej Lenvkn CIF uukaav biier fnzerez rkze zb zhefr mafenz kz ;?#;8%. Kz

aekz! zhkz f zhe tuoafhej rkze7 zhkz f phkz zhev kv zhev mhkrè. Oemkue cknv kttav zhe b#mkaaej iakz fnzerez rkze cezhbjbab`v! zhefr eiiemzfye rkze kre mbnfjerkoav hf`her. ? Kucfn`

zhkz CIF tkv kyerkè mbz bi mktfzka bi ;4% knj eiiemzfyeav hkye k tbrzibafb vfeaj (fnzerez

fnmbce& bi ?4%! zhefr `rb ekrnfn` pbuaj oe fn zhe rknè bi ;4%. Fn kjjfzfbn zhev kre fnyenzfye

fn mhkr`fn` zhefr mafenz kaa lfnj bi kjjfzfbnka bne#zfce iee7 kjcfn iee! tkobbl iee! mkh

pfzhjrkpka knj jetbfz iee! ezm. Aez u kuce zhkz zhee orfn` fn kyerkè kjjfzfbnka ekrnfn`

bi :% ter vekr byer kaa abkn buzzknjfn`. Zhefr `rb ekrnfn` pbuaj zhen kcbunz zb ;:% bi zhe

byerkaa buzzknjfn` abkn tbrzibafb.

Zhf ;:% f zb mbyer kaa nbn#mktfzka mbz bi zhe CIF7 kakrfe! biifme renz knj byerhekj!

zrkntbrzkzfbn! mbccunfmkzfbn! jetremfkzfbn knj ckfnzenknme bi yehfmae knj euftcenz!

fnyezcenz fn nep vzec! zkii zrkfnfn`! trbyffbnfn` ibr okj jeoz knj ” bizen ibr`bzzen ” zhe

mbz bi fniakzfbn. CIF bn zbt bi zhkz neej zb ueewe k trbifz ckr`fn buz bi zhe ;:% zb tkv

jfyfjenj zb zhefr hkrehbajer br zren`zhen zhefr mktfzka oke fn zhe ibrc bi rezkfnej ekrnfn`.

Zb fnmreke ckr`fn! CIF hkye bnav zpb btzfbn kykfakoae7 fnmreke ekrnfn` br rejume mbz.

Zhe ifrz btzfbn f unkzzrkmzfye fn mbctezfzfye ckrlez knj fn Lenvk fnzerez rkze retbrzejav

hkye mbce jbpn jurfn` zhe akz vekr. Kz zhe kce zfce CIF ckv extabre kjjfzfbnka reyenue

zrekc ov biierfn` nep trbjumz7 kmmbunz cknkècenz! ibref`n exmhknè! aezzer bi mrejfz!

cfmrb#fnurknme! cbnev zrknier! knj b bn. Ibr cbz bi zhee kmzfyfzfe zhe CIF neej

kjjfzfbnka afmenfn`< bizen reufrfn` k iuaa oknlfn` afmene. Zhe kce kttafe ibr rejumfn` zhe

mbz bi mktfzka ov cbofafwfn` kyfn` irbc zhe ènerka tuoafm. Fnzerez tkfj byer kyfn` f yervabp fn Lenvk knj ufze bizen tenkazv tkvcenz kre mhkrèj byer tbfzfye kyfn` okaknme fi

zhee hkye jrbttej oeabp k ifxej aeyea. Fn remenz vekr cknv CIF hkye cknkèj zb rejume

bterkzfbnka mbz fn zpb pkv7 hf`her ybauce bi kmzfyfzfe knj fnzrbjumzfbn bi kaa lfnj bi

zemhnbab`fmka fnnbykzfbn fn irbnz knj okml biifme bterkzfbn.

Ouz zhere f knbzher pkv zb rejume mbz7 leetfn` tbbr muzbcer kpkv. Zhkz f zb kv fn zhefr

mktkmfzv k obrrbper. Zhev kre cbz peambce zb jetbfz zhefr kyfn` kz abp fnzerez rkze br zb

zrknier cbnev zb zhefr reakzfye ouz zhev kre nbz yerv peambce zb kttav ibr zfnv oufne abkn.

CIF hkye fnmrekej mbnjfzfbn ibr abkn trbyffbn kz zhe abpez enj bi zhefr bterkzfbn phere

rfl knj mbz kre reakzfyeav. Fn trfnmftae! trbmefn` k abkn reuez bi ;4!444 f eukaav

extenfye k k reuez bi ;44!444! kv ?!4447 b zhe mbz ter ckaa abkn (?4%& kre reakzfyeavcumh hf`her zhkn zhe mbz bi k akrè abkn (?%&. Kyerkè abkn fwe hkye `bne ut fn remenz vekr7

hbyerfn` krbunj zhe ;54!444 ” ?54!444 orkmlez.

? Zhe iakz rkze cezhbjbab`v pbrl k ibaabp7 kuce k abkn bi ;?4!444 f mhkrèj pfzh ;4% iakz knj zb oe

retkfj fn ;? euka fnzkaacenz. Zhe abkn f zhen mhkrèj pfzh ;?!444 fnzerez! phfmh kcbunz f kjjej zb zhe

abkn mktfzka zb oe retkfj. ]b zhe mafenz tkv ;=?!444 fn zbzka br ;;!444 ter cbnzh. Hbpeyer! zhe mafenz jbe nbz

hkye zhe iuaa kcbunz bi ;?4!444 kykfakoae zhrbu`hbuz zhe ;? cbnzh. Fn zhe embnj cbnzh he bnav hk

;;4!444 kykfakoae! fn zhe zhfrj cbnzh ;44!444 knj fn zhe akz cbnzh bnav ;4!444. Vez he f mhkrèj fnzerez k

fi he pbuaj hkye zhe ;?4!444 kykfakoae zhrbu`hbuz zhe abkn zenure. ]b eiiemzfyeav! he tkv cumh cbre zhkn

;4% fnzerez! nekrav ?4%. Fn zhe jemafnfn` okaknme cezhbjbab`v! zhe mafenz f mhkrèj fnzerez bnav byer zheokaknme bi zhe abkn he zfaa hk kykfakoae ter cbnzh.

?0



Bur hvtbzhezfmka trekj bi ;:% mbctkre zb k 0% ckr`fn biierej zb zhe CIF ov PEI7 zhev

obrrbp irbc zhe Iunj kz ;% knj hkye zb bn#aenj zb muzbcer kz 8% ckxfcuc. _ekafwfn` zhkz

zhe kyerkè abkn fwe bi zhee trbjumz fn cbz mke kre cumh abper zhkn zhe CIF‖ byerkaa

kyerkè abkn fwe! fz f nbz jfiifmuaz zb ee zhkz mhknneafn` PEI iunj jbe nbz rekaav retreenz

kn fnzerezfn` oufne mke! merzkfnav nbz phen ikmzbrej fn zhkz zhev kre reufrej ov zhe PEI zb

zrkfn zhefr nep mafenz k peaa! phfmh iurzher ueewe bterkzfbnka ckr`fn. Fn ikmz! nb CIFfnzeryfepej retbrzej zhkz zhev tkrzner pfzh zhe PEI ibr rekbn bi fnmbce br trbifz. Cknv

kmzukaav kv zb abe cbnev fn zhe tkrznerhft7 zhe mbz bi hknjafn` PEI abkn kre hf`her zhkn

zhe reyenue.

Zhf hk mbneuenme. Zb zkrz pfzh! zhe boaf`kzfbn zb zrkfn mafenz f fnzertrezej ufze

jfiierenzav7 bce ckle erfbu pbrl bi zrkfnfn`! mbkmhfn` knj cbnfzbrfn` mafenz pfzh k cumh

hf`her fnzenfzv zhkn fn zhefr reùakr bterkzfbn! bzher `b zhrbu`h zhe cbzfbn bi zrkfnfn` rkzher

cemhknfmkaav knj bce afcfz fz zb kn kobauze cfnfcuc. Fn kjjfzfbn! bce CIF ckle erfbu

pbrl bi rekmhfn` mafenz oeabp zhefr reùakr fnzkle aeyea! bzher jb nbz jfiierenzfkze knj kz aekz

bne zkrèz mafenz kobye fz reùakr aeyea.

Zhf f ikmfafzkzej ov zhe ikmz zhkz zhe PEI hk nbz maekrav ibrcuakzej phkz mafenz pere zb oe

zkrèzej. Fz ckv oe kucej ov cknv zhkz zhe fnzenzfbn pk zb rekmh mafenz peaa oeabp reùakr

fnzkle aeyea! ouz zhf pk nbz ckje k temfifm mbnjfzfbn. Fn ikmz! zhe PEI ibrckaav trbcbze

fnmrekej kmme zb kaa Lenvkn pbcen.

Zhf tbe zhe uezfbn bi zrkze`fm reaeyknme. Zhe PEI hk bnav afcfzej iunj kykfakoae knj fn

brjer zb ckle fz treenme ènerkze k ceknfnìua fctkmz! mafenz zkrèzfn` cf`hz oeneifz irbc

ibrcuakzfn` zrfmzer ckr`fn knj ibmufn` cbre mabeav bn mafenz zhkz pbuaj reakzfyeav oeneifz

cbz irbc zhe Iunj. Fz kab orfn` u zb zhe lev iekzure bi k ènjer kttrbkmh fn cfmrbifnknme.

=.? ZHE @ENJE_ TE_]TEMZFYE FN CFMBIFNKNME

Zhebrv knj Trkmzfme

Bne bi zhe rekbn oehfnj zhe untremejenzej tbtuakrfzv bi cfmrbifnknme f zhkz fz f

cbzav ibmuej bn pbcen mafenz. Fz mrekze k ieea#`bbj exterfenme pfjeav kttremfkzej kcbn`

jbnbr! fnyezbr! trkmzfzfbner knj! fnjeej! mafenz. Kaa jbnbr jurfn` zhe akz jemkje hkye mbce

zb kjbtz trb#pbcen knj ènjer tbafmfe knj zhf trkmzfme hk mkrrfej byer fn zhe cknv cfmrb

ifnknme fnyezcenz yehfmae.

Zhe ikmz zhkz cfmrbifnknme f eryfn` cbre pbcen zhkn cen! ibr cknv f kn fnjfmkzfbn zhkz

cfmrbifnknme zhereibre f ènjer enfzfye. Zhkz! hbpeyer! f k iunjkcenzka cfunjerzknjfn`

knj fn zhe akz jemkje k pekazh bi zujfe hk hbp phv zhkz f. ‘Pbcen bnav‖ trb`rkc! ibr

fnzknme! bizen exterfenme zhe trboaec zhkz pbcen kre irbnzej k mafenz ov ckae reakzfye!

phb! utbn mrejfz exzenfbn! kttrbtrfkze zhe abkn ibr zhefr bpn turtbe phfae zhe ibrcka mafenz

reckfn retbnfoae ibr fnzerez tkvcenz knj abkn rembyerv pfzhbuz kmzukaav hkyfn` zhe abkn

mktfzka kykfakoae. Nbobjv rekaav lnbp zhe exzenz bi umh trejkzbrv trkmzfme bn k àboka mkae!

ouz zhere f `rbpfn` eyfjenme zhkz fz hktten cbre bizen zhkn CIF ckv retbrz br eyen lnbp.

Knbzher trboaec f zhkz pbcen bizen neej jfiierenz abkn trbjumz zhkn cen knj uukaav neejkyfn` trbjumz k cumh k zhev neej abkn trbjumz. Tkrzfmuakrav mrejfz#jrfyen CIF jb nbz biier

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kyfn` trbjumz knj fnzekj biier zknjkrjfwej abkn trbjumz zhkz ckv br ckv nbz oe fn afne

pfzh kmzuka neej. Kab lnbpn f zhkz pbcen bizen zkle cbz bi kn CIF‖ abkn ouz zhkz cen

zkle zhe akrèr abkn. Zbb bizen fz f kucej zhkz pbcen treier ckaa abkn oemkue zhev kre

bnav en`kèj fn ckaaer embnbcfm kmzfyfzfe. Phfae zhf ckv oe mbrremz fn cknv mke! zhf kab

ckv aekj zb aekyfn` pbcen oufne tbzenzfka unzkttej! fctav oemkue zhev kre nbz ekfav

extemzej zb oembce en`kèj fn akrèr enjekybr.

K pbrrvfn` zrenj f zhkz CIF zhkz kre ikybrkoae zbpkrj fnzkaafn` ènjer tbafmfe knj zhkz hkye

oufaz k zrkml rembrj fn zhkz krek! fnmrekfnàv ieea treurej zb aez `b bi zhkz. Mbctezfzfbn fn zhe

ckrlez knj jfcfnfhej kmme zb jbnbr iunjfn` ibrme zhee CIF zb baeav mbnmenzrkze bn zhefr

ifnknmfka obzzbc afne knj zbt knv ibrc bi ènjer#okej trbjumz jef`n knj cbnfzbrfn`. Zhf

cekn zhkz zhev mkn bnav kiibrj zb ckfnzkfn ènjer zrkze`fe k abn` k zhee jfremzav

mbnzrfouze zb zhe trbifzkofafzv bi zhe CIF. Kn ecer`fn` tkrkjbx zhereibre hk fz zhkz eyen zhbu`h

eyer cbre pbcen mafenz kre oefn` rekmhej ov zhe cfmrbifnknme fnjuzrv! zhe kttafmkzfbn bi

ènjer zrkze`fe f bn zhe jemafne.

@enjer zrkze`fe kre cbzav kttafej br kz aekz turuej ov mfyfa bmfezv br`knfwkzfbn knj

fnmrekfnàv ov zhe tuoafm emzbr k peaa< zhe ibunjfn` bi zhe PEI f k maekr fnjfmkzfbn bi zhkz. Fn

zhe trfykze emzbr! hbpeyer! ènjer zrkze`fe kre rkreav kttafej. Knj pfzh zhe

mbccermfkafwkzfbn zrenj fn cfmrbifnknme! k `rbpfn` nucoer bi CIF f zrknibrcfn` irbc mfyfa

bmfezv zb trfykze emzbr fnzfzuzfbn. Fn zhkz emzbr teribrcknme f trejbcfnknzav keej ov

ifnknmfka tkrkcezer! cumh ae ov bmfka bne! jetfze kaa zhe zkal kobuz jbuoae obzzbc afne.

Fn kjjfzfbn! afizfn` zheceaye buz bi mfyfa bmfezv! k fz pere! zrknibrcej CIF kab akv bii zhefr

mfyfa bmfezv mbrtbrkze muazure fn phfmh ènjer f mbnfjerej kn fue zhkz f letz bn zhe kènjk

ov jbnbr! bzher N@B knj CIF zkii. Cbrebyer! pherek k jemkje k`b ènjer pk k trbcfnenz

zbtfm bn bmfka kènjk fn cfmrbifnknme! zhe bmfka zbtfm hfz afz fn cfmrbifnknme f nbp jbcfnkzejov bzher fue! etemfkaav mbnucer trbzemzfbn knj zhe fnzrbjumzfbn bi bmfka teribrcknme

cknkècenz vzec.

@enjer fn Lenvkn Cfmrbifnknme

Lenvkn cfmrbifnknme murrenzav f fn zhe cfjz bi k akrè mkae zrknibrckzfbn trbme. Zhe

fnjuzrv f `rbpfn` rktfjav ouz cbz bi zhe `rbpzh f rekafwej ov trfykze emzbr takver knj CIF

zhkz kre zrknibrcfn` fnzb trfykze emzbr takver. Pe pfzne mbccermfka oknl jbpnmkafn` fnzb

zhe hf`her e`cenz bi zhe cfmrbifnknme ckrlez knj CIF utmkafn` fnzb eenzfkaav zhe kce

ckrlez e`cenz. Mbctezfzfbn zhere f oembcfn` iferme knj obzh jbpnmkafn` oknl knj

utmkafn` CIF kre ibrmej zb mbnmenzrkze bn zhefr ifnknmfka obzzbc afne fn brjer zb zkv kafye.

]bce CIF zfaa hkye kmme zb jbnbr iunj ouz zbjkv zhee kre rkreav ckje kykfakoae ibr

fnzrbjumfn` ènjer zrkze`fe< cbz bi fz `be zb trbjumz jeyeabtcenz knj zemhnbab fmka

fnnbykzfbn! kaa èkrej zbpkrj fnmreke bi buzrekmh! rejumzfbn bi bterkzfbnka mbz! trbjumz

jeyeabtcenz knj ènerkzfn` kzfivfn` ifnknmfka rezurn ibr fnyezbr knj bpner.

K k reuaz! k trb#ènjer cfmrbifnknme ikmfafzv umh k PEI zhkz zrbnàv reafe bn tkrznerhft

pfzh ezkoafhej ckrlez okej CIF ikme bce okfm mhkaaenè. Zhe remetzfyene ibr ènjer#

okej ifnknmfka eryfme jeafyerv kcbn` zhee CIF f nbz yerv akrè< nbz nemekrfav oemkue

zhee CIF kre nbz ènufneav fnzerezej ouz rkzher oemkue zhev hkye yerv afzzae aeepkv zb ckleerfbu pbrl bi fz.

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Zhf f reiaemzej fn zhe mafenz zkrèzfn` cbjea kttafej ov zhe mbnzrkmzej CIF fn zhe PEI

trb`rkc. Cbz bterkze fn urokn knj terf#urokn ezzfn` knj ibmu bn enzretreneur kmzfye fn

zrkje knj mbccerme! zhe ckgbrfzv bi phfmh f ieckae. Zhev hkye jeyeabtej trbjumz knj

trbmejure zb erye zhee mafenz peaa knj kmrb zhe obkrj zhev jb k `bbj gbo! cekurej fn

zerc bi buzrekmh knj uzkfnkofafzv.

Zklfn` mktfzka irbc zhe PEI mbce pfzh zpb trembnjfzfbn zhkz jb nbz ekfav ifz fn pfzh zhefr

jkv#zb#jkv oufne rbuzfne. Zhev hkye zb biier abkn kz fnzerez rkze zhkz kre peaa oeabp zhe

ckrlez rkze zhev uukaav kttav knj pfzh trekj ckr`fn cumh abper zhkz zhev kre uej zb! knj

zhev hkye zb zrkfn zhe mafenz zhkz kre zb zkle abkn irbc PEI jerfyej mktfzka. ]bce ezkoafhej

CIF jemfjej zhkz zhee trembnjfzfbn pbuaj zbb cumh fnzerrutz zhefr nbrcka bterkzfbn knj

btzej zb nbz tkrzfmftkze fn zhe PEI. Bzher jemfjej zb `fye fz k zrv knj ee zhe PEI k k temfka

ikmfafzv.

Phkz pe ee ecer fn` fn trkmzfme f zhkz bce tkrzfmftkzfn` CIF ee zhf ikmfafzv k kn

bttbrzunfzv zb rekmh enzretreneurfka pbcen zhev bzherpfe pbuaj nbz ekfav mbnfjer eaf`foae7

eenzfkaav pbcen pfzhbuz cumh oufne exterfenme! zhe b#mkaaej zkrz#ut. Zhev zrkfn zhee

pbcen kz zhefr bpn mbz knj hkye `bbj hbte zhkz zhee zkrz#ut pbcen eyenzukaav pfaa

oembce reùakr mafenz. K zkzej! bzher jb nbz rekaav jfiierenzfkze oezpeen reùakr knj PEI

mafenz. Hbpeyer! eyen phen kn eiibrz f ckje zb rekmh zkrz#ut pbcen! fz f fctbrzknz zb

rekafwej zhkz zhere f ae`fbn bi pbcen (knj cen& buz zhere zhkz kre nbz zkrz#ut ouz ezkoafhej

enzretreneur zhkz hkye oeen jenfej kmme zb ifnknme kaa kabn` knj zhkz kab hkye nb kmme zb

zhe kiibrjkoae PEI abkn biierej ov CIF.

Zhee exmaujej pbcen kre peaa lnbpn zb zhe Cfnfzrv bi @enjer oemkue zhev kre byer#

retreenzej fn zhe pbcen `rbut zhkz pbrl pfzh zhe Cfnfzrv knj phfmh kre zkrèzej fn zheMPEIM mhknnea bi zhe PEI. Zvtfmkaav! yerv iep bi zhee pbcen hkye kn fnjfyfjuka abkn pfzh k

CIF7 nbz kn extenfye reùakr abkn! nefzher k cbre kiibrjkoae PEI abkn. Cknv zezfiv zhkz zhev

hkye oeen enz kpkv ov zhe CIF zhev kttrbkmhej ibr efzher abkn trbjumz. Fn ikmz! zhev hkye

oeen enz kpkv b bizen zhkz cknv zbttej kttavfn` pfzh zhe kjjfzfbnka eiiemz bi hf`hav rkfej

extemzkzfbn zhkz zhe MPEIM kz akz pfaa heat zhec emurfn` zhe yerv ifrz abkn fn zhefr afie bzher

zhkn zhrbu`h fnibrcka vzec.

Mafenz ]zrkzfifmkzfbn

Fn brjer zb extakfn phv zhf ae`fbn f nbz eryej! pe neej zb unjerzknj phv zhkz f. Fn

cfmrbifnknme fz f mbccbn zb `rbut tbbr tebtae fn orbkj mkze`brfe. Kn bizen uej kooreyfkzfbnfn zhf retemz f C]CE7 cfmrb! ckaa knj cejfuc enzretreneur. Phkz pe ee fn trkmzfme f

zhkz CIF zhkz makfc zb pbrl pfzh zhee C]CE fn rekafzv afcfz eryfme jeafyerv zb ]CE7 ckaa

knj cejfuc enzretreneur. Zhe cfmrb enzretreneur f bizen aeiz buz. ]b phb f zhf cfmrb#

enzretreneur knj phv kre abkn jenfej zb her2

K cfmrb enzretreneur f k terbn zhkz mknnbz kiibrj zb hfre k takme fn k ckrlez< mknnbz kiibrj zb

tkv zhe renz ibr zhkz. Her ckrlez takme f k ukre cezer bn zhe okrren bfa br k eai#mbnzrumzej

zkoae#tau#mknbtv zkaa! zhe rkp ckzerfka bi phfmh kre burmej ov her mhfajren irbc zhe pkze

mbaaemzfbn takme bi zhe mfzv. ]he knj her mbaaekùe kre uukaav ukzzfn` zhee takme< he pfaa

oe tuhej krbunj ov zhe kuzhbrfzfe knj aknj bpner irbc takme zb takme. Her pbrlfn` mktfzka fbcephere oezpeen 5!444 knj ;4!444 hfaafn`. ]he ouv fn zhe cbrnfn`! eaa jurfn` zhe jkv

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knj ckle k jkfav trbifz bi ut zb =44#544 hfaafn` irbc phfmh he neej zb ieej zhe ikcfav! tkv

her hbue renz! kye k ofz k mbnzrfouzfbn zb zhe cerrv#`b#rbunj knj pbcen `rbut bi phfmh

he f k cecoer knj ez kfje k tkrz. ]he f tkrz bi zhe rktfjav extknjfn` guk lkaf ae`fbn zhkz zrfe

zb ifnj k afyfn` fn zhe mfzv.

Phen he kttrbkmhe k CIF ibr kn fnjfyfjuka abkn! he pfaa oe zurnej kpkv; he mknnbz ceez zheboaf`kzfbn zb kye ibr fx cbnzh zb èz k ifrz abkn. ]kye irbc phkz! he pbnjer. ]he kab

mknnbz uocfz knv oufne afmene! aknj zfzae br knv bzher trbterzv jeej! oemkue he jbe nbz

hkye knv br mknnbz kiibrj zhe mbz zb hkye zhee trbjumej br ae`kafwej fn zhe yfaakè he mbce

irbc. ]he kab mknnbz hbp knv fnmbce zkzecenz br okaknme heez oemkue he jbe nbz ckle

knv< her oufne jbe nbz aekye k tkter zrkfa. Fn ikmz! fz f nbz k oufne fn zhe ifrz takme< fz

rkzher f k cekn zb uryfye fn zhe urokn gunàe zhkz f kaa krbunj her.

]he mkn ieej her mhfajren ouz hk trboaec enjfn` zhec zb mhbba. K abn` k her ikcfav zkv

hekazhv! he mkn mbte. Fn mke bi faane he mkn faa#kiibrj zb `b zb k `byerncenz mafnfm k he pfaa

abe zhe jkv‖ zurnbyer knj mkn nbz oe kurej zhkz her ikcfav cecoer pfaa kmzukaav oe zrekzej

br trbyfjej pfzh cejfmfne. Zhe eryfme ckv oe ibr iree ouz nbz kykfakoae phen he neej

zhec.

]he teribrc k okaknmfn` kmz eyerv jkv knj he pbuaj bnav neej k abkn bi ;4!444 br ?4!444 zb

orekl zhrbu`h her yfmfbu mfrmae. ]he lnbp exkmzav phkz zb jb pfzh zhe cbnev! fi kykfakoae! zb

uzkfn her oufne7 ouv fn oual zb ènerkze hf`her trbifz ckr`fn< ouv euftcenz zb trbjume

oezzer ibbj< renz k ckrlez zkaa zb eryfme her mafenz oezzer. Ouz nb CIF pfaa biier her zhkz fctae

abkn kz kn kiibrjkoae rkze7 he f nbz eaf`foae knj zkv phere he f.

]umh cfmrb enzretreneur kre akrèav aeiz oehfnj ov zhe ezkoafhej CIF< nbz oemkue zhev jb

nbz retreenz k `bbj oufne mke! ouz oemkue zhee mke kre nbz jbmucenzej knj oemkuezhev mkn nbz mbte pfzh zhe cknv ibrckafzfe knj mbnjfzfbn bi abkn trbyffbn. Bur mafenz‖

nef`hobr jbe ceez zhbe mbnjfzfbn oemkue he cknkèj zb èz kn kiibrjkoae abkn fn zhe tkz

knj pk koae zb oufaj irbc zhere. ]he mkn renz k zkaa fn zhe ckrlez! mkn ouv fn oual! mkn ènerkze

hf`her rezurn fn her oufne! mkn kiibrj zb hkye bceobjv prfzfn` ut k oufne mke! mkn enj

her reakzfye zb k trfykze mafnfm fi neej oe! mkn kye knj f eaf`foae ibr k CIF abkn. ]he f k ckaa

enzretreneur. ]he zfaa f tbbr fn cknv pkv! ouz he hk btzfbn. ]he f k treierrej CIF mafenz

oemkue he mkn ceez zhe mbnjfzfbn kttafej. ]he ckv oe bn her pkv zb oembce k cejfuc

enzretreneur. Bne jkv he ckv oe koae zb renz k hbt knj eyen hfre terbnnea zb leet her

oufne `bfn` phfae he fnmreke zhe oufne‖ ckr`fn knj mbnzfnue zb mrekze cbre btzfbn.

Fn rurka ezzfn` zhe kce cemhknfc kttafe7 fz zkle cbnev zb ckle cbnev. Ouz kab zhe kcembnjfzfbn kttav7 bne neej zb hkye k okfm kez oke fn brjer zb kmme mktfzka zb zren`zhen

zhkz kez oke! ikfrav frretemzfye bi zhe oufne kz hknj7 oe fz ckaa zrkje br afyezbml! ibbj

trbmefn` br cknuikmzurfn`! zrkntbrzkzfbn br ckrlezfn`. Zhe mrfzfmka fue f zb orekl zhrbu`h

zhe yfmfbu mvmae zhkz leet tebtae zrkttej fn tbyerzv knj unjer#uzfafwe zhe enbrcbu tbzenzfka

zhkz f buz zhere.

Kz zhf aeyea bi cfmrb enzertrfe! fz f cbre jfiifmuaz ibr pbcen zhkn cen zb orekl zhrbu`h zhe

mvmae. ]he ckv oe extemzej zb trbyfje ibr her ikcfav! frretemzfye fi her huoknj mbnzrfouze zb

zhe mbz zherebi< he ckv oe extemzej zb zkv kpkv irbc cbre trbifzkoae embnbcfm enjekybr

k zhee ckv oe zrkjfzfbnkaav br muazurkaav reeryej ibr cen< he ckv hkye nb ibrcka bi ae`kafwejkmme zb trbjumzfye kez umh k aknj knj euftcenz< he ckv nbz hkye k iuaa kv byer zhe

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jezfnkzfbn bi her ekrnfn`< he ckv oe unkoae zb re`fzer kez br bten k oknl kmmbunz fn her

bpn nkce< her cbofafzv ckv oe afcfzej oemkue bi bmfka nbrc! knj b bn knj b ibrzh.

Mbtfn` knj Jeyeabtcenz ]zrkze`fe

Zhe ckfn fnzrucenz zhee pbcen hkye kykfakoae zb orekl zhrbu`h zhe mvmae f ov unfzfn`zheceaye fn eai#heat br pbcen `rbut. Zhere zhev mkn tbba zhefr cekèr reburme knj

trbyfje abkn zb zheceaye. Ouz zhf zkle yerv abn` k kyfn` mktkmfzv f unjercfnej ov

fnmrekej mbz bi afyfn` phfmh kab tuhe ut abkn reufrecenz ibr fnyezcenz. Zhee `rbut

pfaa mbnzfnue iunmzfbnfn` pfzhbuz cumh exzernka uttbrz. Ouz zhe tkme bi trb`re f yerv afcfzej

Ibr zhkz rekbn fz f fctbrzknz zb ee aeyerkè vzec fnzkaaej zhkz mkn ku`cenz `rbut

reburme pfzh exzernka mktfzka zb kmmeaerkze trb`re. Zhkz f phkz f reufrej kz zhe obzzbc bi

zhe tvrkcfj. Knj zhkz f phkz zhe embnj ckgbr nep zrenj fn cfmrbifnknme f! nexz zb

mbccermfkafwkzfbn7 mktfzka trbyffbn zb pbcen `rbut. CIF hkye nbz zklen zhe aekj fn zhf

trbme< fz f cbzav jrfyen ov tuoafm emzbr kènmfe knj N@B. Fn bce mbunzrfe CIF hkye

mbce fnzb zhe trbme ov trbyfjfn` abp#mbz phbaekae abkn zb umh `rbut. Fn Lenvk! zhe

ckgbrfzv zkv bn zhe fjeafne. CIF ckv biier phbaekae abkn! ouz k fn zhe mke bi fnjfyfjuka

cfmrb#enzretreneur! zhev hkye ckje zhe trbme bi kttafmkzfbn b jfiifmuaz zhkz buz bi kaa zhe

cknv pbcen `rbut yffzej fn zhe mbnzexz bi zhf kecenz! nbz k fnàe bne hk cknkèj zb

bozkfn k `rbut abkn zhbu`h ufze k iep hkye zrfej.

Kmme Fue

Zhe PEI f oufaz bn zhe kuctzfbn zhkz Lenvkn pbcen ikme kmme fue fi fz mbce zb

cfmrbifnknme. Zhkz zkzecenz f nbz mbrremz fi nbz iurzher ukafifej. Cbz cfmrbifnknme mafenz fn

Lenvk knj eaephere kre pbcen knj zhe nucoer bi eryej pbcen f `rbpfn` rktfjav eyerv jkv7b zhere f nb ènerka kmme fue. Phkz pe ee! fnzekj! f zhkz kmme jbe oembce k trboaec

zhe abper pe jemenj fn zhe bmfb#embnbcfm tvrkcfj. Oeabp k merzkfn aeyea zhere yfrzukaav f nb

kmme kz kaa.

Fi zhe PEI fnjeej f kobuz mrekzfn` kmme! fz f zb mrekze kmme zhere pere fz rekaav jbe nbz

exfz. Zhkz hbaj ibr cfmrb enzretreneur lnbpn k guk lkaf k peaa k ibr pbcen `rbut zhkz mkn

hknjae `rbut abkn ouz kre jenfej kmme zb zhbe.

Fnzerez _kze Fue

Zhe PEI kab kuce zhkz hf`h fnzerez rkze kttafej ov CIF kre zhe ckgbr mbnzrkfnzibr kmmefn` abkn. K`kfn! k k ènerka zkzecenz fz f kn fnkmmurkze bne. Ifrz! pe ee zhkz tbbr

pbcen tkrzfmftkzfn` fn cerrv#`b#rbunj br eai#heat `rbut kre uej zb tkv yerv hf`h rkze7

;?4% ter knnuc. Zhkz ckv bunj zunnfnàv extenfye! ouz fz f nbz. Zhee kre bne#cbnzh abkn

zhkz kre mhkrèj pfzh ;4%. Pbcen obrrbp ;444 hfaafn` knj retkv ;;44 hfaafn` k cbnzh akzer<

zhev ifnj fz k mbnyenfenz knj kiibrjkoae vzec b pe hbuaj oe mkreiua zb nbz exzrktbakze zhee

rkze zb kn knnuka okf. Pbcen jb nbz rekaav tkv ;?4% byer k abkn< zhev guz tkv ;44 hfaafn`

byer k ;444 hfaafn` abkn! phfmh f ;4%. Exzrktbakzfbn zb ;? cbnzh mrekze hf`her hvtbzhkzfmka

rkze! ouz jbe nbz rekaav erye k turtbe.

]embnj! zhe ekrnfn` byer zhe abkn jb nbz iabp buz bi zhe `rbut ouz zkv zhere. Zhe obrrbperpfaa remktzure zhe fnzerez byer zhe abkn zhev zbbl fn zhefr mktkmfzv k mktfzka trbyfjer7 zhev

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ekrn fnzerez byer zhefr kyfn` br jfyfjenj byer zhefr hkre fi zhe `rbut f k Ifnknmfka ]eryfme

Kbmfkzfbn (I]K&.

Zhfrj! fi k `rbut zkle kn exzernka phbaekae abkn! fnzerez rkze mbce jbpn! abkn kcbunz `b ut

knj abkn zkle k abnèr zenure7 zhree cbnzh ibr fnzknme fnzekj bi bne. Zhen abkn kre mhkrèj

pfzh ? br =% ter cbnzh! phfaz zhe `rbut obrrbp kz ;4#;?% ter knnuc br kobuz ;% ter cbnzh.Zhe jfiierenzfka zkv pfzh zhe `rbut fn zhe ibrc bi ekrnfn` phfmh mkn oe jfzrfouzej zb `rbut

cecoer! kjjej zb zhefr bpn abkn mktfzka br jezfnej zb k mbaaemzfye bmfka br embnbcfm

fnyezcenz zb zhe cecoer‖ treierenme. Uukaav! zhe jfiierenzfka f kab uej zb tkv ibr bce

byerhekj mbz reakzej zb abkn knj kyfn` kjcfnfzrkzfbn knj zrkntbrzkzfbn zb knj irbc zhe

fnzfzuzfbn zhkz fue zhe phbaekae abkn. Bn zbt bi zhkz! zhe jfiierenzfka f uej ibr mbyerfn` knv

oeakzej abkn tkvcenz ov fnjfyfjuka `rbut cecoer.

Fn bzher pbrj! zhe `rbut zkle byer zhe mbz bi trbyffbnfn` k peaa k cbz bi zhe zrknkmzfbn

mbz irbc zhe ifnknmfka eryfme trbyfjer. Knj zhkz f zhe rekbn phv CIF br oknl en`kèj fn

zhe oufne bi trbyfjfn` phbaekae abkn zb `rbut mkn biier k `bbj jfmbunz bn zhefr fnzerez

rkze7 zhev ikme ae mbz knj rfl.

]b fnzerez rkze aeyea ykrv knj uukaav zhe jfiierenzfkzfbn reakze zb kmzuka mbz knj rfl. Fn

kjjfzfbn pe ee k trkmzfme bi fnzerez fnmbce mbnyerzej fnzb kez kz `rbut aeyea. Kaa bi zhf mkaa

ibr k nuknmej abbl kz fnzerez rkze aeyea. ]peetfn` zkzecenz kre uukaav nbz heatiua. Zhkz kab

mbunz ibr zhe krzfifmfka ifxfn` bi fnzerez rkze umh k 4% fn zhe PEI‖ MPEIM mhknnea knj 8% fn

fz CIF mhknnea. Zhkz f krzfifmfka k fz f je#afnlej irbc mbz knj oeneifz mkamuakzfbn. Knj fz

hbp.

Fn zhe buzburmej mhknnea cbz CIF kv zhkz zhev kre fnmurrfn` bterkzfbnka abe bn zhefr PEI

bterkzfbn ouz kz aekz zhev hkye k 0% trekj ckr`fn. Fn zhe MPEIM mhknnea zhe trekj f eyenabper k zhe bnav tbrzibafb fnmbce f zhe 5% kjcfn iee kttafej. Zhf zrknakze fn kobuz k :%

fnmbce byer buzzknjfn` mktfzka ter vekr fnme zhe abkn hkye ifizeen cbnzh zenure. Knj zhf

zrknakze fn k ?444 hfaafn` fnmbce byer zhe zknjkrjfwej 54!444 hfaafn` abkn. Zhkz f ufze k

zhfn ckr`fn zb mbyer kaa mbz reakzej zb abkn jeafyerv! zhe cbre b fnme zhe fnmbce jbe nbz

krrfye kz zhe aeyea pere cbz bi zhe pbrl f jbne7 zhe Cfnfzrv‖ jfzrfmz biifme.

Kz zhe kce zfce fz f fctbrzknz zb abbl kz zhe mkrrvfn` mktkmfzv bi mafenz. Hbp cumh fnzerez br

phfmh kjcfn iee mkn zhev rekaav tkv mbcibrzkoav2 Zhere f nb ekv knper zb zhkz uezfbn. Fz

jetenj bn ekrnfn` mktkmfzv. Fn ouvfn` knj eaafn` bi `bbj pfzhbuz cumh ykaue kjjfzfbn!

ekrnfn` zenj zb oe hf`h fi bce mkae bi bterkzfbn mkn oe mrekzej pfzh zhe abkn. Zvtfmkaav k

zrkjer ouv fn bne takme knj eaa fn knbzher7 ibbj zuii! `krcenz! mf`krezze! ezm. Zhe cbre zhezrkjer mkn ouv fn oual! zhe abper her zrkntbrzkzfbn mbz ter fzec knj zhe abper zhe turmhke

trfme ter fzec. Fi eaafn` trfme zkv zhe kce! trbifz `be ut rktfjav. Cbrebyer! fn zrkje! ekrnfn`

kre ckje ufmlav! b abkn mkn oe ufmlav retkfj k peaa! jemrekfn` cbnzhav fnzerez mbz. Kaa bi

zhkz aekj zb zhe kofafzv zb tkv hf`her fnzerez rkze.

Fi ykaue f kjjej! zrkje mvmae zkle abnèr7 fn tbuazrv kz aekz k iep cbnzh knj fn mbp ikzzenfn`

trbokoav k vekr. Zhe kce kttafe zb zhe trbjumzfbn bi `bbj br mbccermfka kmzfyfzfe reufrfn`

fnyezcenz mktfzka ibr ouvfn` euftcenz umh k fn ibbj trbmefn` knj mkzerfn`7 fz zkle abnèr

zb rembyer zhe abkn knj fn zhe ceknzfce tkvcenz mktkmfzv ibr fnzerez ckv oe abp. Oknl knj

CIF ikmzbr fn umh mbnfjerkzfbn phen jekafn` pfzh akrèr abkn reuez7 zhev zkfabr ckle zhefr

==



abkn trbjumz zb zhe reufrecenz bi zhe mafenz knj zhe fnmbce ekrnfn` mktkmfzv ènerkzej ov zhe

jezfnkzfbn bi zhe abkn.

Fn obzh PEI mhknnea zhf jbe nbz zkle takme fnme kaa trbjumz kre zknjkrjfwej. Ibr bce zhf

mrekze retkvcenz trboaec. @rbut cecoer kmzfye fn afie zbml ikzzenfn` pbuaj oe heatej pfzh

abnèr `rkme terfbj! pherek `rbut fnybayej fn jkv zrkje kmzukaav treier hbrzer abkn zenure.[ufze k iep kre karekjv pfaafn` zb retkv zhefr abkn ekrafer zhkn k`reej.

]bce mafenz mkn kiibrj zb tkv reka fnzerez rkze. Zhev kre exmaujej irbc eryfme jeafyerv ov

CIF nbz oemkue zhev akml zhe ekrnfn` mktkmfzv zb tkv hf`her fnzerez! ouz oemkue zhev mknnbz

ceez zhe ykrfbu bzher mbnjfzfbn ibr mrejfz jeafyerv. Bzher mafenz hkye cumh ckaaer ckr`fn zb

`b ov knj eyen cbjerkze fnzerez rkze ckv oe kn bozkmae! tkrzfmuakrav phen mbnfjerfn` zhe

rfl bi k abnèr zerc fnyezcenz `bfn` bur7 zheiz br ournfn` bi euftcenz knj zheiz knj jekzh

bi knfcka! ibr fnzknme.

Vez! kaa mafenz mkn tkv bcezhfn`< b cumh f maekr. Knj fn zhe PEI kaa mafenz jb tkv bcezhfn`

fnjeej. Phezher zhev mkn knj hbuaj tkv cbre f k uezfbn zhe Kecenz Zekc mkn nbz

rekaav knper. Fz f ikfr zb u`èz zhkz fnme zhe PEI jbe nbz tkv knv mbz bi mktfzka fzeai! zhf

pfnjikaa mbuaj oe ibrpkrjej zb zhe mafenz. Zhkz retreenz kobuz k zhfrj bi zhe oufaz#ut bi

ckrlez okej fnzerez rkze. Eyen fi zhe PEI kz knv tbfnz fn zfce pbuaj jemfje zhkz fz pbuaj

hkye zb obrrbp fzeai zb zren`zhen fz mktfzka oke! k k tuoafm emzbr ikmfafzv fz trbokoav pbuaj

oe koae zb jb b kz hf`hav mbnmefbnka zerc! ibr fnzknme irbc FIKJ br zhe KiJO! aekyfn` zhe

oezzer tkrz bi zhe pfnjikaa fnzkmz. Fn zhkz ene zhere f bce rkzfbnkae fn u`èzfn` zhkz fnzerez

rkze ibr PEI mafenz mbuaj oe kz aekz k zhfrj abper zhkn eiiemzfye rkze kttafej ov mbccermfkaav

mktfzkafwej CIF.

Zhere f kab k tuoafm `bbj rekbn zb mbnfjer. K cumh k `byerncenz fngemz uofjfe fnzbhekazh knj ejumkzfbn vzec zb ckle ure zhkz kaa mkn oeneifz irbc fz! fnmaujfn` zhbe phb

mbuaj nbz kiibrj zhe eryfme bzherpfe! zhere f bcezhfn` zb kv kobuz uofjfwkzfbn bi mrekzfn`

kmme zb ifnknme ibr exmaujej pbcen. Zhkz eenzfkaav f k tbafzfmka jemffbn knj zhkz f phv zhe

Zekc mknnbz rekaav knper zhe uezfbn tbej kobye.

Phkz zhe Zekc f mbnmernej kobuz f zhe afcfzej oujèz kykfakoae ibr mbyerfn` zhe reka mbz bi

mrejfz jeafyerv. Fn zhe CIF mhknnea bne mbuaj ckfnzkfn zhkz zhe CIF kre zrbn` enbu`h zb zkle

mkre bi zhkz. Fn zhe Cfnfzrv mhknnea! hbpeyer! etemfkaav zhe akml bi zrkntbrzkzfbn ikmfafzfe f

ne`kzfyeav fctkmzfn` zhe ukafzv bi zhe pbrl. Jfzrfmz zkii mkn nbz yffz mafenz pbcen `rbut k

bizen k zhev hbuaj zb enure k mrejfoae gbo oefn` jbne< nefzher phen fz mbce zb heatfn` zhe

`rbut fn ibrcuakzfn` zhe abkn kttafmkzfbn! nbr phen fz mbce zb cbnfzbrfn` `rbut kizer abknhkye oeen kttrbyej.

Ouz zhen k`kfn! zhe tbfnz f nbz fn u`èzfn` zhkz umh bterkzfbnka mbz hbuaj oe mbyerej ov

fnzerez rkze< zhe tbfnz f zhkz zhee mbz kre zb oe mbyerej bne pkv br zhe bzher zb ckle zhe

mhknnea cbre iunmzfbnka.

@enjer Tertemzfye knj Bttbrzunfzv Mbz

Irbc k ènjer tertemzfye! hbpeyer! zhe tbfzfbn bi zhe zekc f maekr. @byerncenz

reburme kre mkrme knj hkye zb oe jezfnej knj kttafej pfzh `rekz trujenme. Phen fz mbce zbzhe uofjfwkzfbn bi ènjer#enfzfye mrejfz eryfme! fz f fctbrzknz zb ibrcuakze maekr trfbrfzfe.

=:



Zhe cbz boyfbu trfbrfzv pbuaj oe zb kttav zhe uofjfe zb mrekzfn` kmme ibr pbcen zhkz kre

zrumzurkaav nbz eryej kz zerc zhev mkn hknjae ov zhe ibrcka ifnknmfka emzbr. Bne bi zhee

zerc ureav f zhe mbz bi eryfme jeafyerv eyen zhbu`h fz f jfiifmuaz zb tfntbfnz k tkrzfmuakr ifùre

ibr fnzerez rkze knj kjjfzfbnka iee zhkz pbuaj retreenz k mbccbnav kttafmkoae okrrfer ibr

kmme k fz pere. Ouz kz aekz eukaav fctbrzknz f zhkz cknv pbcen hkye nb kmme nbz oemkue

bi zhe mbz bi eryfme jeafyerv knj nbz oemkue bi zhe yfkofafzv bi zhefr kmzfyfzfe ouz oemkuezhev fctav mkn nbz hknjae zhe cknv kjcfnfzrkzfye knj bzher mbnjfzfbn tbej ov ifnknmfka

fnzfzuzfbn.

Unibrzunkzeav! zhe PEI mhknnea f nbz iree irbc zhe kce trkmzfme. Kttafmkzfbn ibrckz kre

ènerkaav mbnfjerej zb oe zbb mbctafmkzej! zhev kre zb oe uocfzzej fn k aknùkè cknv mafenz

jb nbz tekl peaa br nbz kz kaa! knj cknv kttafmkzfbn hkye oeen regemzej br tuz bn hbaj oemkue

bi kaa lfnj bi tezzv ibrckafzfe! unreakzej zb zhe yfkofafzv bi zhe trbtbej kmzfyfzfe br zhe

mktkmfzv bi zhe `rbut zb mkrrv zhbe buz! bizen kizer fnfzfka tbfzfye rembccenjkzfbn kz jfzrfmz

aeyea.

Cbrebyer! pherek zhe PEI trbjumz f abpav trfmej! aez u nbz ibrèz zhkz zhe bttbrzunfzv mbz

ibr zhe `rbut reakzej zb kmmefn` zhe trbjumz mkn oe ufze mbnfjerkoae7 zhev neej zb mbce

zbèzher zb ifaa fn zhe ibrc! zhev ckv neej zb hfre buzfje kfzknme zb jb b! zhev hkye zb

mbaaemz kaa lfnj bi uttbrzfn` jbmucenz! knj mbce zb zhe jfzrfmz biifme zb jeafyer zhe abkn

reuez knj zb oe fnzeryfepej. Phen zhe reuez f ifnkaav kttrbyej! phfmh ckv zkle hkai k vekr!

zhev hkye zb mbce okml zb zhe jfzrfmz biifme zb mbaaemz zhe mheue knj zhev hkye zb `b zb zhe

oknl zb mkh zhe mheue. Kizerpkrj zhev hkye zb `b okml zb zhe oknl zpeaye zfce zb jetbfz

zhe cbnzhav retkvcenz knj zpeaye zfce zb zhe jfzrfmz biifme zb jetbfz zhe tkvcenz aft. Kaa

bi zhkz fnmur zrkyea mbz knj mbz zfce! phfmh f bizen nbz ikmzbrej fn. Knj zhe iurzher kpkv

irbc zhe jfzrfmz biifme knj zhe oknl! zhe hf`her zhee mbz kre! tkrzfmuakrav b fnme zhev kre nbz

kaabpej zb ue zhe oknl bi zhefr mhbfme ouz kre ibrmej zb ue zhe oknl bi zhe Cfnfzrv‖ mhbfmephfmh nbz kapkv f zhe cbz mbnyenfenz btzfbn.

Kaa zhee bttbrzunfzv mbz ckv mrekze nep kmme fue pherek zhe PEI f pbrlfn` hkrj zb

baye exfzfn` bne7 knj zhe `rekzer zhe nep kmme fue! zhe abper zhe nez eiiemz bi fz kaa.

Zhrbu`hbuz zhe mbunzrv eaemzrbnfm tkvcenz vzec hkye oeen fnzkaaej< phkz treyenzej zhe

PEI irbc ufn` zhbe zb rejume bttbrzunfzv mbz2 Zhe Zekc pk fnibrcej zhkz zhf btzfbn f

nbp oefn` mbnfjerej.

Pbcen @rbut knj ]kyfn` knj Mrejfz @rbut

d Fn ummeiua oknl afnlkè vzec phere cecoer reburme kre aeyerkèj pfzh buzfjemktfzka! zhe pbcen `rbut kre uukaav koae zb hknjae fnzernka knj phbaekae abkn eiiemzfyeav

oemkue fz f zhefr mbre oufne.

Fn zhe mke bi zhe PEI zhkz f nbz nemekrfav zhe mke. Zhe Cfnfzrv‖ pbcen `rbut pere nbz

ibrcej krbunj zhe oufne bi hknjafn` kyfn` knj mrejfz kmzfyfzfe ouz zb tkrzfmftkze fn zhe

ykrfbu Cfnfzrv trb`rkc biierej. Zhf hkj kjyknzkè knj jfkjyknzkè. Bn zhe tbfzfye fje

zhere f k `rekz ene bi ikcfafkrfzv knj zruz. Zhe `rbut lnbp zhe jfzrfmz zkii yerv peaa knj

zhe jfzrfmz biifme ureav f zhefr treierrej CIF! b zb tekl. Bn zhe cbre rflv fje f zhe ikmz zhkz

nbz kaa `rbut hkye kctae exterfenme pfzh cknk`fn` kyfn` knj abkn kmzfyfzfe. Zhkz f tkrzfkaav

mbctenkzej ibr ov zhe ikmz zhkz fnjfyfjuka cecoer ckv hkye tkrzfmftkzej fn cerrv#`b#rbunjknj lnbp hbp zhee pbrl. Fn umh mke fz f nbz zbb jfiifmuaz zb èz zhe pbcen `rbut ufmlav

=5



kmukfnzej pfzh zhe pbrlfn` bi umh vzec knj zhe trbmejure knj tbafmfe zhkz mbce pfzh fz.

Hbpeyer! fn bzher mke zhkz exterfenme ckv nbz oe zhere br ckv oe yerv afcfzej. Zhkz pbuaj

reufre zhe jfzrfmz zkii zb aenj k heatfn` hknj ibr phfmh zhev ckv neej zb oe zrkfnej. Fz f nbz k

ckzzer bi rbmlez mfenme ouz bce okfm zrkfnfn` pbuaj oeneifz zhe jfzrfmz zkii.

K reakzej tbfnz bi jfmufbn f zhe kmzfyfzfe zb oe unjerzklen ov zhe `rbut. Eenzfkaav zhev kreextemzej zb jef`n knj fctaecenz mbaaemzfye embnbcfm kmzfyfzfe knj ibr zhkz rekbn zhev hkye

zb uocfz k okfm oufne takn zhe yfkofafzv bi phfmh pfaa zhen oe mruzfnfwej kz jfzrfmz knj

nkzfbnka aeyea. Zhf reufrecenz jbe nbz `b pfzhbuz mhkaaenè.

Ifrz! zhkz f nbz hbp kyfn` knj mrejfz `rbut uukaav pbrl. Zhefr cecoer pbrl zbèzher fn zhe

krek bi kyfn` knj abkn! nbz b cumh fn mbaaemzfye embnbcfm kmzfyfzfe. Cecoer mkn oe kmzfye

fn zhe kce afne bi oufne knj mkn mbbterkze zb ouv fntuz kz abper mbz! ouz zhev hkye zhefr

fnjfyfjuka oufnee zhe trbmeej bi phfmh zkv pfzh zhec knj kre nbz hkrej ov bzher

cecoer. ]b bce cecoer pfaa jb oezzer fn zhe oufne zhkn bzher! fi bnav oemkue zhev

kaabmkze cbre zfce zb fz. Zhf okfm rekafzv bn zhe `rbunj f nbz kapkv kmlnbpaejèj fn zhe

MPEIM mhknnea bi zhe PEI. Zhere kre ufze k iep mke phere guz k iep pbcen jb cbz bi zhe

pbrl bi zhe mbaaemzfye kmzfyfzv ouz pere kaa cecoer oeneifz eukaav. Zhf `be k`kfnz k okfm

ene bi ikfrne.

Cbrebyer! nbz kaa kmzfyfzfe mkn ekfav oe teribrcej bn k mbaaemzfye okf. Hbp mkn k `rbut bi 54

pbcen ibr fnzknme cknkè zb mbaaemzfyeav ikzzen zhree mkaye! phfmh f phkz k 54!444 hfaafn`

abkn ouv zhec2 Phb f zb cfal zhe mbp! ieej fz! jftbe bi zhe cknure! mkaa fn zhe yez! ouv zhe

jru` knj zhe ibjjer2 Mbz mkn oe hkrej ouz nbz kapkv zhe pbrl. Ibr zhkz rekbn cknv

`rbut treier zb trbtbrzfbn zhe PEI abkn zb fnjfyfjuka cecoer fn pkv zhev mbnfjer

kttrbtrfkze. Zhe PEI hbuaj oe mkreiua nbz zb byerruae `rbut bpn trbtbka br enmburkè

zhec zb ibrcuakze k trbtbka zhkz pbuaj nbz oe zhefr ifrz mhbfme. Zhf ckv mrekze trboaec akzerfn zfce knj zhee ckv reufre zhe jfzrfmz zkii zb fnzeryene knj heat brzfn` zhee buz. K k ruae

bi zhuco! fz f nbz k okj fjek zb kttav zhe pfjbc ‘`rbut lnbp oez‖. Fz f kizer kaa zhefr

retbnfofafzv zb retkv zhe abkn.

Tbyerzv Ibmu

K ènjer knkavf f fnmbctaeze fi fz jbe nbz fnmauje k ènufne tbyerzv ibmu. Zhf f

tkrzfmuakrav reaeyknz ibr k ikmfafzv umh k zhe PEI zhkz kfc zb kjjre k pfje rknè bi ènjer#

reakzej bozkmae fn cfmrbifnknme! knj oevbnj! ouz hk afcfzej cekn kykfakoae k zhe oual bi fz

oujèz f ekrckrlej ibr mktfzka trbyffbn. K tbyerzv ibmu f nemekrv ibr zpb rekbn7 ifrz! zb

ez trfbrfzfe fz fi mbce zb mafenz zkrèzfn`. Pherek fz f kttrbtrfkze zb ibrcuakze byerkaa PEIbogemzfye orbkjav! k pk jbne fn zhe abìrkce! fi fz mbce zb trb`rkc jef`n zkrèzfn`!

trfbrfzfwkzfbn knj euenmfn` f nemekrv. Fi nbz! fz pfaa oe yerv jfiifmuaz ibr PEI cknkècenz

knj zkii zb temfkafwe knj jb k mrejfoae gbo. ]embnj! zhe orbkj jemrftzfbn bi zhe byerkaa PEI

bogemzfye mrekzej hf`h extemzkzfbn fn Lenvkn bmfezv7 cknv tebtae knj fnzfzuzfbn ieea zhev

kre zklehbajer bi zhe trb`rkc. Vez! zhe trb`rkc f nbz akrè knj exterfenmej enbu`h k vez zb

kmmbccbjkze kaa zhee extemzkzfbn pfzh zhe reuaz zhkz bce zklehbajer pfaa ieea jfkttbfnzej

k zhe trb`rkc ckv nbz kttekr zb pbrl ibr zhec.

Btenfn` zhe trb`rkc ibr kaa Lenvkn pbcen zhereibre byerzrezmhe zhe Iunj‖ hknjafn`

mktkmfzv knj fz fn zhe pkv bi zkfabr#cklfn` PEI kmzfyfzfe zb byermbcfn` zhe cbz mrfzfmkaènjer#okej bozkmae knj temfkafwfn` fn zhkz.

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Irbc k tuofm `bbj mbnmetz zhere f cumh zb kv ibr ibmufn` bn pbcen zhkz hkye zhe zhfnnez

bttbrzunfzv ibr kmmefn` ifnknmfka eryfme fn zhe ckrlez takme7 eenzfkaav! zhbu`h nbz

exmaufyeav! tbbr rurka pbcen. Zhev retreenz cbz bi zhe uncez jecknj knj zhev! cbre zhkn

bzher! reav bn bce tuoafm emzbr uttbrz zb zurn krbunj zhefr trbtemz ibr mafcofn` zhefr pkv

buz bi tbyerzv< nbz guz ov oefn` biierej abp#mbz abkn ouz kab ov kmmefn` bzher eryfmeneejej zb cbye ibrpkrj umh k ckrlezfn` uttbrz knj fnurknme trbjumz (hekazh! afie! abkn!

mkzzae! mrbt&! bn zbt bi zhe bn#`bfn` tkrzfmftkzfbn fn bzher Cfnfzrv trb`rkc.

=.= MAFENZ ZK_@EZFN@ KNJ T_BJUMZ JE]F@N

Tkrznerhft Oufajfn` knj ]vner`v

Murrenzav! zhe PEI f tkrznerfn` pfzh zpeaye ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn zhkz pere eaemzej bn

zhe okf bi mrfzerfk zhkz hkye afzzae byerakt pfzh zhe byerkaa zhruz bi zhe Iunj! exmetz ibr zhefr

ènerka fnzfzuzfbnka mktkmfzv zb trbyfje abkn zb pbcen. K k reuaz! zhe zpeaye tkrzner hkre

iep mbccbn mhkrkmzerfzfm oevbnj hkyfn` kz aekz k rekbnkoae zrkml rembrj fn cfmrbifnknme.

Zhe zpeaye fnmauje oknl! nbn#oknlfn` ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn! N@B knj mbbterkzfye< bce kre

ckaa! bce kre of`< bce exmaufyeav pbrl fn urokn ezzfn`! bzher kab ckje fnrbkj fn rurka

krek pherek guz k iep rekaav temfkafwe fn zhf krek. Cbz mrfzfmkaav7 bce kttav k ènjer

knkavf fn zhefr pbrl ouz cbz jb nbz. Nbne pk klej zb treenz k tbfzfbn tkter rekaav bn

phkz zhev kfcej zb jb pfzh zhe PEI mktfzka knj k pe hkaa ee fn zhe nexz mhktzer! bce ckle

kn eiibrz fn rekaav rekmhfn` cbre jfiifmuaz mafenz zhkn zhefr reùakr bne! ouz cbz jb nbz.

Zhe trboaec pfzh kaa zhkz f zhkz fnme nb maekr ènjer#reaeyknz zkrèz pere fnmaujej fn zhe

tkrznerhft mbnzrkmz! zhe PEI f mbctaezeav jetenjenz bn zhe ybaunzkrv eiibrz bi f tkrzner fi fz mbce zb hbpfn` bce ènjer#reakzej fctkmz byerzfce. K cbz jb nbz kmzfyeav turue k

ènjer tbafmv! extemzkzfbn hbuaj nbz run zbb hf`h. Knj zhf cekn zhkz zhe MPEIM mbctbnenz

bi zhe PEI ckv oe ekfav extemzej zb byer#mbctenkze k fz pere ibr abper ènjer rezurn fn

zhe bzher mbctbnenz.

Cbrebyer! zhe CIF tkrzner zhkz kre pfaafn` knj mktkoae zb kttav k ènufne ènjer kttrbkmh

ikme mbnfjerkoae bozkmae fn jbfn` b k zhe trb`rkc mbnjfzfbn jb nbz rekaav ikmfafzkze umh kn

kttrbkmh. _ekmhfn` buz zb ae exterfenmej mafenz f mbzav. Zhev neej zb oe zrkfnej! mbkmhej!

tretkrej knj mabeav cbnfzbrej fn brjer zb oembce ummeiua nep enzretreneur. Zhkz f nbz k

zkl zb oe kmmbctafhej fn k bne jkv ènerka zrkfnfn`.

Ouz zhen k`kfn! phb kre zhee zkrz#ut enzretreneur exkmzav2 Zhev kre nbz bur cfmrb

enzretreneur jfmuej kobye oemkue zhev kre exterfenmej fn zhefr retemzfye oufnee knj

nbz fnyfzej zb tkrzfmftkze. Kre zhee zkrz#ut terhkt nbz#b#tbbr pbcen zhkz hkye zhe mktkmfzv

zb oembce ckaa enzretreneur pfzh k ofz bi oufne zrkfnfn`2 Kre zhee pbcen zhkz kre

fnzerezej fn ezzfn` ut k oufne bn zbt bi zhefr reùakr fnmbce ènerkzfn` kmzfyfzfe2 Fn Lenvk

fz f nbz unmbccbn ibr kakrfej pbrler zb jb bce zrkjfn` br ikrcfn` bn zhe fje zb ku`cenz

zhefr fnmbce. ]kakrfej pbrler ckv ikme ae trboaec jekafn` pfzh zhe kjcfnfzrkzfye

reufrecenz tuz ut ov zhe CIF zhkn bur exterfenmej cfmrb enzretreneur.

Knj zhkz retreenz bcezhfn` bi k tkrkjbx. CIF uukaav fjenzfiv zkrz#ut k zhe aeyea jfremzavoeabp zhefr reùakr mafenz. ]zkrz#ut neej zrkfnfn` fnjeej knj fz f `bbj zhkz zhe CIF trbyfje

=0



zhf zrkfnfn` knj mktkmfzv oufajfn`. Ouz phv zrkfn knj uttbrz zkrz#ut fi zhere kre b cknv

karekjv exterfenmej oufne pbcen ekèr zb èz k ifrz abkn2 Phv nbz erye zhec2

Ouz k u`èzej ekrafer! zhkz uezfbn f bnav reaeyknz ibr zhe iep CIF zhkz kfc zb ue zhe PEI

mktfzka ibr rekmhfn` bzher zhkn zhefr reùakr cbre exterfenmej mafenz. Zhe ckgbrfzv jbe nbz

ckle zhkz jfiierenme knj zhkz pbuaj fctav zhkz zhe neej ibr temfka zrkfnfn` f k rkzher krzfifmfkabne. Zhev jb fz oemkue zhev hkye zb jb fz. Knj! zb oe ikfr! zhev jb fz oemkue cknv trbtemzfye

mafenz mbce zb zhe CIF pfzh zhe extemzkzfbn bi oefn` biierej k iree aunmh fi fz mbce zb

kmmefn` k PEI abkn. Zhe zrkfnfn` br`knfwej trbyfje k `bbj bttbrzunfzv zb extakfn zhkz kab k

PEI abkn kmzukaav f k abkn knj nbz k `rknz.

Zhe byerkaa fctrefbn f zhkz zhe CIF mhknnea f ckfnav uej ibr rekmhfn` ckaa enzretreneur!

exterfenmej br nbz! pherek zhe MPEIM mhknnea trejbcfnknzav erye cfmrb enzretreneur zhkz

hkye nb kmme zb reùakr CFI trbjumz. Zhe ckfn jfiierenme oezpeen obzh mkze`brfe bi mafenz

f zhkz zhe ibrcer mkn hknjae kaa zhe mbnjfzfbn ibrcuakzej ov CIF knj zhe akzzer mkn nbz. Zhf

ckv fnjfmkze k bmfka jfyfje bi bce trbtbrzfbn phfmh ckv zknj fn zhe pkv bi oufajfn` bce

ibrc bi vner`v oezpeen obzh mhknnea.

]vner`v ]zrkze`v

Zhe kobye boeryej jfyfje f nbz zb oe kttremfkzej ne`kzfyeav fn fz bpn rf`hz. Kaa tebtae

neej kttrbtrfkze kmme zb ifnknmfka eryfme. Knj mbccermfka CIF jb uozknzfkaav mbnzrfouze

zb `rbpzh bi eryfme jeafyerv fn Lenvk. Zhev hbuaj oe remb`nfwej ibr zhkz. Zhe bnav trboaec f

zhkz zhev ikme erfbu mhkaaenè eryfn` zhe abpez aeyea bi zhe ckrlez. Zhkz f nbz zhefr

trboaec< fz rkzher f k trboaec ibr zhbe phb pbuaj afle zb ee zhee abpez ckrlez e`cenz

eryej k peaa! umh k zhe PEI.

Ibr zhkz rekbn! fz pk nbz k zrkze`fm jemffbn zb biier zhe oual bi zhe PEI mktfzka zb oe

buzburmej zb ezkoafhej ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn7 fz mrekzej extemzkzfbn zhkz pere unafleav zb oe

iuaifaaej ov zhe CIF! zhe cbre b fnme zhee extemzkzfbn pere nbz maekrav ibrcuakzej! kab

aekyfn` zhe CIF pbnjerfn` phkz exkmzav zhev pere zb kmhfeye pfzh zhe PEI mktfzka.

Zhf unibaj k mbccunfmkzfbn trboaec zhkz pk iueaej irbc obzh fje. CIF fn zhefr trbcbzfbn

knj ckrlezfn` cekè ufze bii#hknjejav u`èz zhkz zhev erye kaa mafenz! fnmaujfn` zhe

zrkjfzfbnkaav exmaujej. Fn rekafzv zhkz f nbz kn enzfreav guzfifej makfc. Phfae fz f zrue zhkz zhev

erye eyer cbre tebtae! fnmaujfn` zhbe zhkz ckv neyer hkye oeen koae bozkfn k abkn oeibre!

mbnfjerkoae phfze tbz bn zhe ckt kre aeiz unzbumhej ov zhe CIF. Ibr jbpnmkafn` oknl zhkz

f nbz cumh bi kn fue7 zhev neyer makfcej zb oe fn zhe oufne bi eryfn` zhe tbbrez emzbr<zhev kre fn zhe oufne bi trbifzkoae eryfme jeafyerv zb eyervobjv koae knj pfaafn` zb hknjae

zhefr zerc. Ibr CIF pfzh k mfyfa bmfezv br N@B okml`rbunj fz mkn oe kn fue7 zhev ckv hkye

oeen ezkoafhej ibr zhe turtbe bi pbrlfn` zhe phfze tbz bn zhe ckt knj zhev ckv hkye

oeen ezkoafhej zb rekmh zhe ‘unoknlkoae‖. Zhefr tuoafm fckè ckv zfaa hkye k reierenme zb zhkz

tkz! eyen zhbu`h fz zbttej oefn` zhefr mbre oufne. ]bce hkye fnme reckfnej kmzfye fn zhkz

krek ouz bn kn bii#okaknme heez okf bnav7 zhev jb nbz tuz zhefr bpn mktfzka bn zhe afne knv

abnèr ibr zhkz turtbe ouz zhe mktfzka bi k zhfrj tkrzv7 k jbnbr! k tuoafm emzbr fnzfzuzfbn! k

jeyeabtcenz oknl! ezm. Zhkz f hbp cbz CIF tkrzner kttremfkze zhe PEI k peaa7 k ikmfafzv zb

jb bcezhfn` exzrk ibr mafenz zhev bzherpfe! pfzh zhefr bpn mktfzka! pbuaj nbz ekfav erye.

=8



Knj zhe PEI iueaej zhe mbccunfmkzfbn `kt ov k ikfaure zb ee knj kttremfkze zhe hknjafn`

mktkmfzv bi zhe CIF. Fz f `rbpfn` fnjeej ouz fn k zekjfav cbre mbccermfka jfremzfbn. CIF zhkz

kre uogemz zb reùakzfbn hkye bnav ckaa ckr`fn zb `b ov7 zhev kre unjer mruzfnv irbc zhe

Menzrka Oknl zb hbp kjeukze ifnknmfka teribrcknme knj unjer treure irbc hkrehbajer

knj fnyezbr zb trbjume kzzrkmzfye rezurn. Obzh aekj zb rfl#kyerfbn knj trbifz ckxfcfwkzfbn.

Biierfn` k 0% trekj karekjv treenz k jeokzkoae oufne trbtbfzfbn ibr mbccermfka CIF. Fi

ku`cenzej pfzh k tbbrav guzfifej jecknj zb tenj mbctknv reburme bn zrkfnfn` kmzfyfzfe!

pfzh phkz kre orbkjav mbnfjerej exmefye retbrzfn` reufrecenz! pfzh enjae jeakv fn zhe

jrkpjbpn bi k`reej mktfzka! knj k ieaz akml bi unjerzknjfn` bi hbp cfmrbifnknme pbrl unjer

reùakzfbn! fz f nbz urtrffn` zb ee zhkz fnfzfka enzhufkc ibr tkrzfmftkzfbn hk mbnfjerkoav

jpfnjaej.

Fz hbuaj nbz oe zhkz pkv. Ibr k tkrznerhft zb oe ummeiua fz f mrfzfmka zhkz obzh tkrzner kre

kaabpej zb exmea fn zhefr mbre oufne. Bne tkrzner hbuaj nbz extemz zhe bzher jb teribrc

zkl fz jbe nbz ieea mbcibrzkoae pfzh.

]zren`zh Kecenz

CIF mkn knj bizen jb exmea fn k `rbpfn` nucoer bi krek7 mrejfz jeafyerv zb ckaa knj

cejfuc enzretreneur! mbnucer abkn! mbaaemzfn` kyfn` knj jetbfz irbc zhe ènerka tuoafm!

kjyknmej irbnz biifme bterkzfbn (e#oknlfn`! KZC& bizen fn reakzfbn zb murrenz kmmbunz

cknkècenz! cbnev zrknier! cfmrb#fnurknme! ezm. Zhev! kz aekz fn Lenvk! kre nbz tkrzfmuakrav

lnbpn zb exmea fn eryfn` cfmrb enzretreneur! phbaekae `rbut abkn! trbyfjfn` uofjfwej abkn

trbjumz! biierfn` bmfka eryfme! ezm.

Zhe MPEIM mhknnea hk fz bpn retemzfye zren`zh7 zhe Cfnfzrv bn kn bn`bfn` okf pbrlpfzh zen bi zhbuknj bi pbcen `rbut zhkz zbèzher retreenz cuazfzuje bi unoknlkoae ouz

ufze kmzfye pbcen< f hk k fnzerezfn` eryfme jfzrfouzfbn nezpbrl bi peaa byer 04 jfzrfmz

biifme knj cknv cbre jfyffbnka uo#biifme! knj! zhrbu`h zhe PEI! fz hk zhe mbccfzcenz knj

reburme zb ckle zhee unoknlkoae pbcen oknlkoae7 fz mkn trbyfje zhe enzrv aeyea bi eryfme

jeafyerv zhkz CIF mkn nbz.

Orfn`fn` obzh retemzfye zren`zh aeyea zbèzher! zhe ibaabpfn` vner`v knj tkrznerhft zrkze`v

treenz fzeai7

;. Zhe Cfnfzrv mhknnea‖ trfce zkl f zb trbyfje kn enzrv oknlfn` aeyea zb unoknlkoae pbcen

fn zhe ibrc bi phbaekae abkn zb zhefr `rbut.

?. Kizer ykrfbu abkn mvmae! cknv `rbut kre exterfenmej enbu`h zb oe mbnfjerej oknlkoae kk `rbut. Irbc zhkz tbfnz bnpkrj ibaabp#ut phbaekae abkn hbuaj oe biierej ov zhe ibrcka

ifnknmfka emzbr7 zhkz pkv zhe PEI `rkjukze `rbut knj heat zhec enzer zhe ibrcka emzbr.

=. Zhe cbz enzretreneurfka `rbut cecoer fn zhf trbme `rbp irbc cfmrb zb ckaa oufne

pbcen knj kab zhee pbcen hbuaj `rkjukze fnzb zhe ibrcka emzbr.

:. Phere kttafmkoae! zhe PEI mkn heat `rbut br fnjfyfjuka cecoer zb kmme b#mkaaej

oufne jeyeabtcenz eryfme (OJ]&.

5. Knj fn kjjfzfbn! zhe PEI mkn ckle ue bi zhe br`knfwej jecknj fn fz bpn mfrmae zb

ne`bzfkze mbaaemzfye fnurknme eryfme! trfckrfav hekazh knj afie! ouz phere reaeyknz kab fn

jecbafzfbn! mrbt knj afye zbml.

=6



Zhf zrkze`v reufre zhe PEI zb zkle zhe aekj fn trbyfjfn` enzrv aeyea abkn zb pbcen `rbut

knj fn jue zfce zb tkrzner pfzh cbre ezkoafhej kmzbr zb erye `rkjukzej `rbut knj

fnjfyfjuka pfzh kjjfzfbnka abkn knj pfzh bzher ifnknmfka eryfme knj zb trbyfje zhe OJ] knj

fnurknme eryfme. Tkrzner kre zb oe eaemzej bn zhe okf bi zhefr exterzfe fn zhee eryfme

krek! zhefr pfaafn`ne zb pbrl pfzh PEI mafenz knj zhefr kofafzv zb jb b pfzh zhefr bpn

retemzfye mbrtbrkze reburme.

Jfiierenzfkzfbn knj Jfkabùe

Zhe boerykzfbn kobye kre ènerka bne! knj neej iurzher nuknme. Nbz kaa zpeaye

ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn bterkze fn zhe kce pkv! turue zhe kce bogemzfye br pbrl zb erye

fcfakr mafenz. Kaa kre jfiierenz knj hbuaj oe kttrbkmhej fnjfyfjukaav bn murrenz knj iuzure

tkrznerhft tbzenzfka. Zb jkze! hbpeyer! knj jetfze zhee jfiierenme! kaa zpeaye tkrzner pere

ibrmej fn zhe kce zrkf`hz gkmlez k re`krj trbjumz jef`n knj trfmfn` tbafmv. Zhev pere nbz

fnyfzej zb uocfz kuzhenzfm takn bn hbp zhev mbuaj mbnzrfouze zb zhe rekafwkzfbn bi PEI

bogemzfye. Zhe mbnzrkmzfn` trbme pk jrfyen ov k rkzher cemhknfmka ‘zkle fz br aekye fz‖

kttrbkmh! unkoae zb rekafwe zhkz mktfzka fnyezcenz kre iunjkcenzkaav jfiierenz irbc

trbmurecenz bi `bbj br eryfme.

Oemkue bi zhkz! kaa zpeaye nbp ikme zhe kce mhkaaenè knj kaa hbp f`n bi jfkttbfnzcenz br

iruzrkzfbn pfzh zhe pkv zhev kre zrekzej ov zhe PEI7 k cere uombnzrkmzbr zb fctaecenz k

trb`rkc zhe ckfn iekzure bi phfmh pere jemfjej byer zhefr hekj ov k Iunj zhkz unzfa zhen hkj

nb zrkml rembrj fn cfmrbifnknme knj fn zhe mbnzrkmzfn` trbme hkj hbpn afzzae unjerzknjfn`

knj kttremfkzfbn bi fz mbnyenzfbn! bttbrzunfzfe knj afcfzkzfbn< nbz zhe oez fn`rejfenz ibr

oufajfn` tkrznerhft.

Zhe PEI urènzav neej zb zkal zb fz tkrzner! fnjfyfjukaav k peaa k zbèzher< nbz zb bii#abkjcbre jfremzfye ouz zb afzen knj zb mbce zb k`reekoae zerc zhkz kre oeneifmfka ibr obzh tkrzfe

fn zhe tkrznerhft.

:4



: PEI TE_IB_CKNME7

_EYFEPFN@ ZHE CIF TK_ZNE_]HFT] KNJ ZHE MPEIM CBJEA

:.; ZHE CIF TK_ZNE_]HFT]

PEI Mbccfzcenz

Ov Nbyecoer ?440 zhe ifrz zenjer rbunj bi zhe PEI pk ummeiuaav mbnmaujej. Buz bi

;8 kttavfn` cfmrbifnknme fnzfzuzfbn! ;? tkej zhe eaf`fofafzv knj kttrbyka trbmee! zbèzher

retreenzfn` kn fnzerezfn` oaenj bi oknl! nbn#oknl ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn! N@B knj ]KMMB.

Zhf trbme reuazej fn zhe ibrcuakzfbn bi mbnzrkmzuka k`reecenz pfzh zhe ummeiua

kttafmknz.

Zhe mbnzrkmz exmaufyeav mbyerej aenjfn` bi mktfzka ov zhe PEI zb zhe kttafmknz kènz. Nb `rknz

mbctbnenz ibr tretkrkzbrv! bterkzfbnka! zrkfnfn` br mktkmfzv oufajfn` kmzfyfzfe pere fnmaujej.

Kaa mbnzrkmz pere zknjkrjfwej kabn` zhe ibaabpfn` afne<

;. Zhree vekr abkn mbnzrkmz pfzh zhe trfnmftae zb oe retkfj fn zbzka kz zhe enj bi zhe mbnzrkmz

terfbj! mkamuakzej bn zhe okf bi kmzuka remeftz bi zhe iunj br zrknmhe zherebi.

?. Fnzerez tkvcenz byer buzzknjfn` okaknme kz ;% ter knnuc! zb oe tkfj fn ukrzerav

fnzkaacenz.

=. Abkn emurfzfwkzfbn makue zhkz eiiemzfyeav takme kaa teribrcknme knj retkvcenz rfl pfzh

zhe obrrbpfn` kènz.

:. Ckxfcfwkzfbn bi bn#aenjfn` fnzerez rkze zb mafenz kz 8% ter knnuc! mkamuakzej byer

jemafnfn` okaknme.

Fn zbzka L]H 9=8C pk mbccfzzej zb zhe ;? kènz! rkn`fn` irbc = zb ;:4C ter kènz! knj

kyerk`fn` 5=.;0C ter kènz. Zhe byerkaa kcbunz bi 9=8C retreenz zhe oual bi zhe 844C

ikmfafzv ekrckrlej fn zhe PEI ibr mktfzka trbyffbn zb CIF.

PEI Jfourecenz

Zhe akrèr mbccfzcenz pere ckje uogemz zb jfourecenz fn zrknmhe. Zhe embnj br

zhfrj zrknmhe pbuaj oe reaekej zb zhe kènz bnme zhee hkj eiiemzfyeav zurnej ekrafer zrknmhe

fnzb kmzfye abkn tbrzibafb knj pbuaj hkye ifaej k ibrcka reuez ibr jrkpjbpn bi zhe nexz

zrknmhe br zhe reckfnfn` okaknme bn zhe mbnzrkmz.

Ifrz jfourecenz zb kaa kènz zbbl takme fn Jemecoer ?440! guz trfbr zb zhe nkzfbnka

eaemzfbn. Nekrav kaa CIF pere koae zb mbnyerz zhe ifrz jfourecenz fnzb kmzfye tbrzibafb ov

cfj#?448. Fn ikmz! fn cbz mke fz zbbl ae zhkn zpb cbnzh zb jb b. Hbpeyer! fn yfep bi zhe

tbafzfmka knj bmfka jfzuroknme ibaabpfn` zhe nkzfbnka eaemzfbn! bce kènz zkrzej zhe trbme

bi bn#aenjfn` bnav fn zhe embnj ukrzer bi zhe vekr. Pherek zhf fzukzfbn ibrmej zhec zb tuz

tretkrkzfbn bn hbaj! zhev pere mhkrèj fnzerez byer zhe mktfzka zhkz akv fjae ibr =#5 cbnzh.

Ov cfj#?448 nekrav kaa mbnzrkmzej kènz hkj kaa zhe mktfzka jfourej ov zhe PEI buzzknjfn`

kcbn` zhefr mafenz. Henmeibrpkrj! kènz uogemz zb zrknmhe krrknècenz zkrzej kttrbkmhfn`

zhe PEI ibr jrkpfn` jbpn zhe reckfnfn` zrknmhe. Zb jkze! hbpeyer! cbz bi zhee reuezhkye nbz oeen hbnbrej ov zhe PEI< ibr abn` pfzhbuz trbyfjfn` k maekr rekbn ibr zhe jeakv.

:;



Kènz zhkz uocfzzej iurzher fnufrfe remefyej retbne kabn` zhe afne zhkz zhe PEI pk fn k

trbme bi rezrumzurfn` pfzhbuz iurzher makrfifmkzfbn. Akzer fz ecerèj zhkz zhe PEI pk nbz

iuaav kzfifej pfzh zhe emurfzfe biierej ov bce CIF knj hkj tuz zhefr mbnzrkmz bn hbaj fn

knzfmftkzfbn bi zhe emurfzfe fue ifnkaav ezzaej.

Kènz uogemz zb mbnzrkmzuka zrknmhe krrknècenz hkye retbnjej fn ykrfbu pkv zb zhejeakv fn zhe jrkpjbpn bi zhe mktfzka. Cbz CIF tretkrej aenjfn` zb mafenz bn zhe okf bi zhe

mbnzrkmzukaav k`reej ybauce bi mktfzka. Phen zhe okaknme bi zhe iunj jfj nbz krrfye zhev hkj zb

retbnj.

@enerkaav zhree zvte bi retbne mkn oe boeryej.

;. Tre#eaemzej mafenz pere mkrrfej byer! k fz pere! zb zhe reùakr trbjumz bi zhe CIF. Zhf

reuazej fn jfkttbfnzcenz bn zhe tkrz bi zhee mafenz oemkue fnzekj bi zhe afzej 8%

fnzerez rkze! zhev nbp pere mhkrèj fnzerez rkze ut zb ekfav zpfme k cumh.

?. Tre#eaemzej mafenz pere `rknzej zhefr trbcfej 8% fnzerez abkn ouz zhee abkn pere

mbyerej ov nbn#PEI#jerfyej mktfzka byer phfmh zhe kènz hk zb tkv mbnfjerkoae mbz bi

mktfzka. Zhf reuazej fn ifnknmfka abe bn zhe tkrz bi zhe CIF. Fn zhe cbz exzrece mke!

mafenz nbp èz k abkn bi 8% ifnknmej ov mktfzka byer phfmh zhe CIF fzeai hk zb tkv ;8% fn

zhe cbnev ckrlez.

=. Tre#eaemzej mafenz pere jenfej abkn oemkue zhe iunj hkj nbz krrfyej. Zhe reuaz bi PEI

tuzzfn` abkn trbyffbn bn hbaj pk zhkz zhe CIF tuz abkn trbyffbn bn hbaj k peaa.

Mbneuenzav! zhe taknnej kaabmkzfbn bi huckn knj fnzfzuzfbnka reburme ov zhe CIF zb zhe

PEI trb`rkc pk tbztbnej! fi nbz mknmeaaej.

Kjjfzfbnka Mbnjfzfbnkafzfe

Zhe PEI fnfzej bn zhe kttafmkzfbn bi zpb kjjfzfbnka mbnjfzfbnkafzfe. Zhee pere nbzibrckaav mktzurej fn zhe mbnzrkmz f`nej! ouz ènerkaav reierrej zb k zhe tbafmfe bi zhe PEI.

Zhe ifrz pk zhe u`èzfbn zhkz zhe zenure bi mafenz rezkfa abkn pbuaj oe eukzej pfzh zhe

zenure bi zhe phbaekae abkn trbyfjej ov zhe PEI7 =9 cbnzh. CIF retbne pk zpb#ibaj.

;. Cbz CIF jfj nbz ibaabp zhf u`èzfbn oemkue abkn zenure bi zhree vekr kre hf`hav

unuuka fn cfmrbifnknme. Zvtfmka cfmrbifnknme abkn rkreav mkrrv kn kcbrzfwkzfbn terfbj bi

cbre zhkn zpeaye cbnzh. Zhee CIF zuml zb zhefr reùakr! zezej trbjumz zerc.

?. Bzher CIF uej zhf u`èzfbn zb cbye oevbnj cfmrbifnknme ov trbyfjfn` eaemzej mafenz

akrèr abkn zhkz zhev bzherpfe pbuaj nbz oe pfaafn` zb mbnfjer. Zhf oeneifzej nbz ckaa

ouz cejfuc aeyea enzretreneur.

Zhe embnj u`èzfbn pk zhkz kaa mafenz hkj zb tkrzfmftkze fn zrkfnfn` br mktkmfzv oufajfn` zb oebr`knfwej knj ifnknmej ov zhe CIF irbc zhefr bpn reburme! frretemzfye bi kmzuka neej. CIF

retbnjej fn zhree pkv.

;. ]bce CIF kttafej zhf mbnjfzfbnkafzv pfzh rf`br fn mbcofnkzfbn pfzh zkrèzfn` bi mafenz

uukaav mbnfjerej fneaf`foae ibr abkn trbyffbn. Fn zhee mke PEI mktfzka trbyffbn heatej

CIF tenezrkzfn` jeeter fnzb bmfezv.

?. ]bce CIF br`knfwej cere trb#ibrck bne#jkv zrkfnfn` ikmfafzfe ibr trbtemzfye mafenz.

Efzher oemkue zhev jfj nbz uomrfoe zb zhe neej bi cbre zrkfnfn` br oemkue zhev akmlej

zhe reburme zb jb b.

=. ]bce CIF ne`kzej zhf u`èzfbn zrkf`hz kpkv.

:?



Akmlfn` Mbnjfzfbnkafzfe

Phere bne pbuaj extemz kn eenzfka mbnjfzfbnkafzv zb hkye oeen fnmaujej fn zhe zerc

bi zhe mbnzrkmz! zhe PEI reckfnej fnkzzenzfye. Zhkz f zhe mbnjfzfbnkafzv k re`krj phfmh

Lenvkn pbcen pere uttbej zb oeneifz irbc tuoafm emzbr#uofjfwej abkn trbyffbn.

PEI jbmucenzkzfbn f errkzfm fn zhf krek. Bn zhe bne hknj fz taekj ibr temfka kzzenzfbn zb

pbcen hkyfn` afzzae br nb kmme zb exfzfn` cfmrbifnknme vzec! bn zhe bzher fz unjermuz zhf

trfbrfzv fnjfmkzfbn ov fnfzfn` zhkz zhe Iunj hk zb oe bten zb kaa Lenvkn pbcen. Eiiemzfyeav!

bnav zhe embnj mbnfjerkzfbn hkj aknjej fn zhe mbnzrkmz! `fyfn` orbkj aeyerkè zb zhe tkrzner

kènz zb kttav zhefr bpn retemzfye mbnfjerkzfbn. _etbne ov zhe CIF hk oeen zhree#ibaj<

;. ]bce CIF ckje kn eiibrz fn uzfafwfn` zhe PEI mktfzka ibr rekmhfn` buz zb zkrz#ut oufne

pbcen zhkz cf`hz nbz hkye oeen mbnfjerej eaf`foae ibr kmmefn` reùakr abkn trbjumz.

?. ]bce CIF ckje kn eiibrz zb rekmh pbcen zhkz pere nbrckaav oevbnj eryfme jeafyerv

oemkue zhefr mktfzka neej exmeejej zhe CIF‖ hknjafn` mktkmfzv.

=. Cbz CIF reiuej zb jfiierenzfkze oezpeen zhefr reùakr knj temfka mafenz knj fctav ckje

kykfakoae PEI#iunjej abkn zb zhefr reùakr mafenz.

Fz pk orbu`hz zb zhe kzzenzfbn bi zhe Kecenz Zekc zhkz ufze k iep CIF! kizer hkyfn` oeen

tre#ukafifej fn zhe zenjer trbme! extemzej zb hkye oeen fnyfzej zb oembce en`kèj fn iurzher

jfkabùe bn kmzuka mafenz zkrèzfn` knj zhe trbyffbn bi bterkzfbnka takn zb zhkz enj. Zhkz!

hbpeyer! neyer ckzerfkafwej! phfmh bce CIF extakfn fn zerc bi k termefyej neej zb ifnkafwe

mbnzrkmzfn` knj jfourecenz bi iunj oeibre zhe nkzfbnka eaemzfbn bi Jemecoer ?440. Zhf

ruh zbpkrj cklfn` zhe PEI bterkzfbnka ckv hkye kobrzej fnzenjej br taknnej eiibrz zb

trbyfje cbre makrfzv bn zhe uazfckze oeneifmfkrfe bi zhe Iunj.

Bn Okaknme

Kizer k teejv zkrz zhe CIF tkrznerhft mbctbnenz bi zhe PEI nbp ikme zhe mhkaaenè

bi zk`nkzfbn7 fz pfnjbp bi bttbrzunfzv f rktfjav jfkttekrfn` k kcbn` cknv tkrzfmftkzfn`

CIF jfkttbfnzcenz hk ez fn k re`krj PEI‖ mktkmfzv zb hbnbr fz mbnzrkmzuka boaf`kzfbn.

Fz f fctbrzknz zb rekafwe zhkz nbne bi zhe eaemzej CIF retbnjej zb zhe PEI‖ mkaa ibr

trbtbka ibr rekbn bi k oufne mke< nb fnàe CIF f cereav fn fz ibr zhe mktfzka br zhe trbifz.

_ekbn ibr tkrzfmftkzfbn kre rkzher jfiierenz<

;. Tkzrfbzfc7 phen zhe @byerncenz bi Lenvk jemfjej zb akunmh k jejfmkzej iunj! cknv CIF

ieaz mbcteaaej zb mbnzrfouze zb zhe umme zherebi< eyen fi fz retreenzej kn unkzzrkmzfye

oufne mke zb zhec.

?. Kmlnbpaejècenz 7 ufze k iep bi zhe tkrzfmftkzfn` CIF ibrcuakze zhe akunmhfn` bi zhe PEI

knj zhe fnybayecenz bi zhe jbcezfm CIF k k zblen bi kttremfkzfbn ov zhe @byerncenz bi

Lenvk bi zhe cfmrbifnknme emzbr zhev heatej oufajfn`.

=. Cffbn7 fn zhe mbnzexz bi zhe àboka mbccermfkafwkzfbn bi zhe cfmrbifnknme emzbr! cknv

CIF zru`àe hkrj zb ifnj zhe rf`hz okaknme oezpeen zhefr brf`fnka byerkaa bogemzfye zb

mbnzrfouze zb tbyerzv kaaeyfkzfbn knj zhe cbre cunjkne neej zb oembce knj reckfn

trbifzkoae kz zhe rfl bi `bfn` buz bi oufne. Tkrzfmftkzfbn biierej kn bttbrzunfzv zb hfiz

zhe okaknme bcephkz fn zhe jfremzfbn bi zhe ibrcer mbnfjerkzfbn.

:. Ckrlezfn`7 cbz CIF extemzej zhkz zhe oufne mke pbuaj mbce krbunj phen `rkjukzejPEI mafenz pbuaj oe mkrrfej byer zb zhefr reùakr knj cbre trbifzkoae trbjumz.

:=



Fz f kab fctbrzknz zb rekafwe zhkz zhe mktfzka takmej pfzh zhe CIF f uozknzfka fn kmzuka ykaue!

ouz retreenz ouz k ckaa irkmzfbn bi kaa zhe mktfzka unjer zhefr cknkècenz fn cbz mke. PEI

mktfzka f nbz termefyej zb oe bi mrfzfmka fctbrzknme irbc kn fnzfzuzfbnka tertemzfye. Fnjfmkzfye f

zhkz zhe akrèz mktfzka kcbunz pk taejèj zb LPIZ. Zhe L]H ;:B cfaafbn mbnzrkmz reakze zb kn

byerkaa mktfzka#unjer#cknkècenz ybauce bi peaa byer L]H ;= ofaafbn! zhu mbnzfzuzfn` guz byerbne termenz bi kaa mktfzka kykfakoae zb zhkz fnzfzuzfbn.

Zhf mkaa ibr bce fnzrbtemzfbn k re`krj zhe kttremfkzfbn bi zhe fctbrzknme br kzzrkmzfyene

bi zhe PEI ibr zhe tkrzfmftkzfn` CIF. Fz merzkfnav f nb ifnknmfka afie#afne zb cbz knj!

mbneuenzav! zhe PEI hbuaj oe mkreiua nbz zb byer#ke fz okr`kfnfn` tbper byer zhe CIF.

Phfae fz f zrue zhkz zhe PEI rf`hziuaav ckv oe bi zhe btfnfbn zhkz fz uttbrz zhe CIF! fz f kab

zrue zhkz zhe CIF uttbrz zhe PEI fn rekmhfn` fz bogemzfye. Zhf eaecenz bi remftrbmfzv f nbz

kapkv maekrav yffoae bn zhe tkrz bi zhe PEI.

Zhe Lenvkn Cfmrbifnknme Mbnzexz

Fn ?448 zhe @byerncenz bi Lenvk ibrckafwej zhe abn` kpkfzej Nkzfbnka Cfmrbifnknme

Tbafmv. Zhf tbafmv akr eav ibaabp zhe kce okfm trfnmftae k tbafmfe ekrafer kjbtzej fn

nef`hobrfn` U`knjk knj Zknwknfk knj eaephere.

Mrfzfmka iekzure kre zhe ibaabpfn`<

;. CIF ktfrfn` zb cbofafwe kyfn irbc zhe ènerka tuoafm pfaa oe orbu`hz unjer uteryffbn

bi zhe menzrka oknl knj hkye zb oe afmenej unjer zhe zerc bi zhe reùakzbrv irkcepbrl ibr

cfmrbifnknme.

?. Zhf trkmzfmkaav cekn zhkz zhee CIF pfaa oe uogemz zb rf`brbu uteryffbn k re`krj zhefr

ifnknmfka knj fnzfzuzfbnka teribrcknme fn brjer zb trbzemz zhe fnzerez bi kyer knjjetbfzbr k peaa k hkrehbajer.

=. Fn brjer zb ceez cfnfcka mktfzka knj mktfzka kjeukmv reufrecenz! cbz ktfrfn` CIF pfaa

neej zb mbnyerz irbc nbn#trbifz br`knfwkzfbn fnzb ibr#trbifz hkrehbajfn` mbctknfe.

:. Zhf pfaa fnzkaa k heizv rfl#kyerfbn mbrtbrkze muazure kcbn` zrknibrcej CIF oemkue

rezurn#bn#fnyezcenz mbnfjerkzfbn pfaa mbce zb jbcfnkze zhefr bterkzfbn.

Phkz zhf cekn fn trkmzfme mkn oe een ov knkavwfn` karekjv zrknibrcej CIF. Zhev exterfenme

k zrbn` treure zb mbnmenzrkze bn abp#rfl knj hf`h#vfeajfn` mafenz knj zkv maekr bi hf`h#rfl

knj abp#vfeajfn` mafenz. Fn trkmzfme! zhkz cekn k zrenj zbpkrj jfcfnfhej mktkmfzv zb

kmmbccbjkze zkrz#ut oufnee knj reka cfmrb enzretreneur! knj fnmrekej mktkmfzv zb erye

ckaa br cejfuc oufne pbcen knj kakrfej pbrler< k zrenj zhkz f ènerkaav lnbpn kcffbn jrfiz .

Zhee zenjenmfe kre nbz eukaav zrbn` br fnzenfye kcbn` kaa CIF. Eenzfkaav ibur mkze`brfe

mkn oe jfzfnùfhej fi fz mbce zb zhefr kttremfkzfbn bi zhe PEI fn zhe mbnzexz bi zhe mbunzrv‖

cfmrbifnknme tbafmv.

;. Exmaufyeav mbccermfkaav jrfyen CIF treier zb zkv kpkv irbc zhe Iunj kazbèzher.

?. Mbccermfkaav jrfyen CIF pfzh bce bmfka cbzfykzfbn br cknjkze ee zhe PEI k kn

bttbrzunfzv zb rekmh buz zb mafenz guz oeabp zhefr uuka enzrv#aeyea.

=. Exmaufyeav bmfkaav jrfyen CIF kre fnzerezej ouz bizen ikfa zb ceez zhe zhrehbaj bi zhe

Iunj fn zerc bi fnzfzuzfbnka mktkmfzv knj ifnknmfka zrkml rembrj.

::



:. Tuoafm emzbr mbnzrbaaej CIF ee zhe Iunj k k ueiua fnzrucenz zb zren zhen zhefr

retemzfye cknjkze.

Phkz pe ee zhereibre f zhkz zhe Iunj hbp nb tkrzfmftkzfbn irbc zhe ifrz mkze`brv pherek

zhe embnj bne f peaa retreenzej ov ibr fnzknme Ikcfav Oknl! LPIZ knj Mbbt Oknl. Zhe zhfrj

mkze`brv f retreenzej ov LJK (mbrtbrkze tkrzner L#_ET Oknl btzej ibr ifrz mkze`brv zkzu&knj bce ]KMMB knj zhe iburzh f trbcfnenzav retreenzej ov LFE.

_embnmfafn` _eùakzbrv pfzh Iunj _eufrecenz

K re`krj CIF‖ mktkmfzv zb jeka pfzh zhe zerc bi zhe PEI! zhe ibaabpfn` knkavf mkn oe

ckje.

;. Ibr embnj mkze`brv tkrzner! phb zkle zhe oual bi PEI mktfzka! zhe ckr`fn zb mbbterkze

kre exzreceav zhfn. Zhefr mbz bi mktfzka kre uukaav ckrlez#okej knj reakzfyeav hf`h!

reuazfn` fn eukaav hf`h fnzerez rkze ibr mafenz byer zhefr reùakr mrejfz trbjumz.

?. ]bce ckv hkye kmme zb cecoer! jbnbr br tuoafm emzbr mktfzka phfmh ckv orfn` jbpn

mbz bi mktfzka phfmh ckv zrknakze fnzb (af`hzav& abper fnzerez rkze ibr mafenz.

=. ]bce ckv kab hkye kmme zb iree#bi#mhkrè ikmfafzfe zb fnyez fn zrkfnfn` knj mktkmfzv

oufajfn` kmzfyfzfe zb tretkre mafenz ibr ceezfn` ifrz enzrv aeyea reufrecenz. Fi b! zhev

ckv hkye bce ikmfafzfe zb fnmauje zkrz#ut enzretreneur fn zhefr aenjfn` bterkzfbn.

:. Cbz! hbpeyer! jb nbz hkye umh ikmfafzfe knj neej zb tkv ibr zrkfnfn` knj mktkmfzv oufajfn`

kmzfyfzfe irbc zhefr trbifz ckr`fn. Zhefr hkrehbajer ckv bmfkaav kttremfkze umh eiibrz

ouz pfzhfn zrfmz afcfzkzfbn bnav! kz zhe terfa bi jrfyfn` zhe CIF fnzb ckgbr mhkaaenè fi fz

mbce zb mbctavfn` pfzh reùakzbrv zknjkrj.

Zhf knkavf mkaa ibr k cbre iunjkcenzka kttremfkzfbn bi zhe ckaa ckr fn pfzhfn phfmh

reùakzej CIF hkye zb bterkze. Zhee ckr fn kre fnzkaaej ov zhe @byerncenz bi Lenvkzhrbu`h zhe Menzrka Oknl bi Lenvk knj zhe Cfnfzrv bi Ifnknme. Bne pbuaj extemz zhkz knbzher

krc bi zhe kce @byerncenz! zhe Cfnfzrv bi @enjer! pbuaj hkye kaf`nej zhe jef`n bi k

jejfmkzej fnyezcenz iunj pfzh zhe reufrecenz ez ov zhe Cfnfzrv bi Ifnknme. Zhf jbe nbz

kttekr zb hkye oeen zhe mke ibr rekbn nbz rekaav maekr zb zhe Kecenz Zekc.

]bmfka Teribrcknme

K nbzej fn zhe treyfbu mhktzer zhe zekc f tuwwaej phen fz mbce zb zhe kttremfkzfbn

bi zhe bmfka teribrcknme bi zhe zpeaye tkrzner. Kttremfkzfbn hf`hav jetenj bn zhe mbnmetz bi

kmme zb ifnknme kttafej. Zhe zpeaye tkrzner trejbcfnknzav bterkze bn zhe kce fje bi zhe

bmfka jfyfje fjenzfifej ekrafer. Kmme jetenj bn zhree ckgbr mbnjfzfbn7 kofafzv zb run koufne trbifzkoav! mktkmfzv zb ceez k rknè bi kjcfnfzrkzfye mbnjfzfbn knj pfaafn`ne zb kye

ibr k mbnfjerkoae terfbj oeibre k abkn mkn oe kmmeej. Zhe tkrzner kttekr zb hkye ekej

zhee mbnjfzfbn k ofz fn zhe kttafmkzfbn bi PEI mktfzka7 zhe kyfn` boaf`kzfbn hkye oeen

koknjbnej br reakxej knj zhe exterfenme boaf`kzfbn hk oeen pfzhjrkpn ov kz aekz bne

tkrzner. Irbc zhkz tertemzfye zhe kmme fue f oefn` kjjreej.

Hbpeyer! zhere f afzzae trbbi zhkz zhe kmme fue f oefn` kjjreej bn zhe bzher fje bi zhe

bmfka jfyfje7 exterfenmej cfmrb enzretreneur zhkz ifnj fz fctbfoae zb ceez zhe kjcfnfzrkzfye

reufrecenz fctav oemkue zhev mknnbz ceez zhee.

:5



Zhe Kecenz Zekc ifnj zhkz k jfkttbfnzfn` boerykzfbn! ouz neej zb kjj zhkz zhe PEI hk

ikfaej zb bterkzfbnkafwe zhf bogemzfye knj hk kab ikfaej zb fnyfze zhe tkrzner zb uocfz mbnmetz

nbze br trbtbka zb zhkz enj. Zhe tkrzner pere bnav fnyfzej zb ckrlez k trbjumz tre#jef`nej

ov zhe Iunj< zhefr iunmzfbn neyer zrknmenjej oevbnj zhkz bi zhe uombnzrkmzbr< zhev neyer

pere mbnfjerej enufne tkrzner.

Zhe tre#jef`nej trbjumz jbe nbz kaabp ibr mrekzfn` kmme kz zhe bzher fje bi zhe bmfka

jfyfje. Zhe zrkfnfn` ckv heat knj zhe reakxkzfbn bi zhe kyfn` reufrecenz ckv heat! ouz zhe

reka obzzaeneml! zhe kjcfnfzrkzfye reufrecenz! f nbz oefn` kjjreej. Zhe CIF pere nbz

reuezej zb eke zhefr mbnjfzfbn fn zhf mrfzfmka krek. Fn ikmz! reùakzbrv reufrecenz cf`hz nbz

eyen hkye kaabpej ibr zhkz! phfmh mbuaj hkye oeen mhemlej pfzh zhe uteryfbrv kuzhbrfzfe br

zhe CIF uogemz zb reùakzfbn. Fi kiifrcej! zhe trbjumz hbuaj hkye oeen mbctaezeav rejef`nej

oeibre oefn` iabkzej fn zhe ckrlez.

Okml zb zhe Jrkpfn` Obkrj

Zhe CIF kre nbz yerv enzhufkzfm kobuz zhe trbjumz zhe PEI reuezej zhec zb eaa.

Phfae zhere f bce fnzerez fn hkyfn` k mbctezfzfye nep abkn trbjumz kykfakoae! zhere kre kab

mbnmern kobuz bterkzfbnka abe fnmurrej knj zhe rfl bi mbnzkcfnkzfbn7 nbn#PEI mafenz ckv

ifnj fz fnmrekfnàv untaekknz br unikfr zb oe mhkrèj cumh hf`her fnzerez rkze zhkn PEI

mafenz.

Zhe PEI kz zhe kce zfce hbuaj nbz oe taekej pfzh zhe ikmz zhkz zhe trbjumz bnav afcfzejav

mbnzrfouze zb mrekzfn` cbre kmme knj bnav ckr`fnkaav b phere fz rekaav ckzzer irbc k

jeyeabtcenz tertemzfye7 kz zhe bzher fje bi zhe jfyfje.

Obzh PEI knj zhe zpeaye tkrzner pbuaj oeneifz irbc kn eiibrz zb rejef`n zhe trbjumz biierejfn zhe CIF mhknnea bi zhe Iunj. Fn jbfn` b fz f fctbrzknz zb kfc ibr oufajfn` vner`fe oezpeen

zhe zpb mhknnea knj zb jeyeabt cbre ènufne tkrznerhft cbjea.

:.? ZHE JFYF]FBNKA PEI T_B@_KCCE

@enerka Iekzure

Zhe jemffbn zb reerye tkrz bi zhe PEI mktfzka zb oe mhknneaej zhrbu`h zhe Cfnfzrv‖

bpn jetkrzcenzka afne zrumzure pk fntfrej ov zpb ckgbr mbnfjerkzfbn. Zhe ifrz pk zb

extafmfzav bten zhe trb`rkc ibr pbcen zhkz treuckoav pere nbz zb oe ekfav rekmhej ov CIF

k fnjfyfjuka mafenz< efzher oemkue zhev pere buz bi rekmh bi zhe CIF fn zerc bi èb`rkthfmka

abmkzfbn br oemkue zhev pbuaj oe mbnfjerej fneaf foae fn yfep bi zhefr afcfzej oufne

exterfenme! kez oke br ekrnfn` mktkmfzv. K embnj mbnfjerkzfbn pk zb afnl ut pfzh zhe

`rbpfn` eai#heat `rbut cbyecenz fn cfmrbifnknme krbunj zhe pbraj zhkz fnmrekfnàv ekrn

kmmbakje ibr rekmhfn` pbcen nbz eryej ov ibrcka ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn. Kn kjjfzfbnka

mbnfjerkzfbn pk zhkz zhe Cfnfzrv zhbu`hz fz mbuaj ckle ue bi zhe fnirkzrumzure bi zhbuknj

bi pbcen `rbut karekjv oufaz fn zhe mbnzexz bi fz ènjer knj bmfka jeyeabtcenz trb`rkc.

Zhe MPEIM mbctbnenz zkrzej bii pfzh zkrèzfn` k zkrz#ut mktfzka bi L]H ; cfaafbn ter

mbnzfzuenmv ibr phbaekae abkn zb fz pbcen `rbut. K zhe mbunzrv mbunz ?;4 mbnzfzuenmfe!k mbre mktfzka oke bi L]H ?;4 cfaafbn pk ez kfje ibr zhf turtbe. Abkn fwe pere ifxej kz L]H

:9



54!444 ter abkn b zhkz ter jfyffbn ?4 `rbut mbuaj oe eryej. Byerkaa! zhen! zhe trb`rkc kfcej

kz abkn trbyffbn zb :?44 `rbut br rbu`hav 8:!444 pbcen knj zhefr ikcfafe. Kz ikme ykaue zhf

ckv kttekr zb oe kn fctrefye nucoer! ouz f hk zb oe een k`kfnz zhkz okml`rbunj zhkz

zhere kre cknv cbre pbcen `rbut. Fn zhe jfzrfmz bi Lkgfkjb ibr fnzknme! mbyerfn` zhree

mbnzfzuenmfe! zhere kre karekjv 9444 pbcen `rbut kmzfyeav en`kèj fn Cfnfzrv trb`rkc.=

K ter akze ?440 ” ekrav ?448 zhe Cfnfzrv‖ jfzrfmz biifme zkrzej bafmfzfn` kttafmkzfbn ibr

phbaekae abkn irbc zhefr pbcen `rbut. Zhf pk nbz k tkrzfmuakr cbbzh trbme k cknv

tkrzfmuakrfzfe re`krjfn` zhe PEI hkj nbz oeen maekrav ibrcuakzej knj mbccunfmkzej k vez.

Eyen b! fn zhe embnj knj zhfrj ukrzer bi ?448 cknv kttafmkzfbn hkj oeen uocfzzej zb zhe

jfzrfmz biifme. Zhee pere trbmeej (‘yezzej‖& ov obzh zhe jfzrfmz zkii knj zhe nepav ibunjej

Mbnzfzuenmv PEI Mbccfzzee (MPEIM& knj zhe tbfzfyeav keej pere ibrpkrjej zb zhe

PEI‖ nkzfbnka emrezkrfkz fn Nkfrbof! phere cbz pere kttrbyej! bce pere regemzej knj

bzher vez k`kfn pere tuz bn hbaj br reierrej okml ibr trbyfjfn` kjjfzfbnka fnibrckzfbn. Ov akze

]etzecoer ?448! k akr e nucoer bi pbcen `rbut pere fuej mheue. K embnj okzmh

ibaabpej fn Gknukrv ?446.

Kaa abkn mbnzrkmz kre zknjkrjfwej7 zhe `rbut kre `rknzej k zhree cbnzh `rkme terfbj! kizer

phfmh zhev hkye zb retkv zhe abkn fn zpeaye euka cbnzhav fnzkaacenz zbzkafn` L]H 54!444.

Murrenzav! cknv `rbut kre zb ckle zhefr ifrz retkvcenz. Fn ikmz! cknv hkye jbne b karekjv

pherek fn bzher mke retkvcenz pere orfeiav jeakvej oemkue fz pk unlnbpn zb zhe `rbut

fn phfmh tkrzfmuakr oknl kmmbunz zhe retkvcenz hkj zb oe ckje.

Zhe phbaekae `rbut abkn kre fnzerez iree. Kz zhe kce zfce zhe `rbut kre mhkrèj k bne#zfce

kjcfnfzrkzfbn iee bi 5% (br L]H ?!544&! phfmh f zklen kz burme knj jejumzej irbc zhe abkn

kcbunz.

Abkn Teribrcknme

Kz zhf tbfnz fn zfce fz f zbb ekrav zb knkavwe abkn teribrcknme k zhe `rbut kre guz

kobuz zb zkrz retkvcenz kizer zhe `rkme terfbj bi zhree cbnzh. Vez! bce fnfzfka boerykzfbn

mkn oe ckje. ]bce `rbut jfj nbz iuaav uzfafwe zhe abkn kcbunz. Fnyezcenz ibr zhefr kmzfyfzfe

pere kmzukaav oeabp zhe 54 cfaafbn hfaafn` ckrl ouz zhev obrrbpej zhe zknjkrj kcbunz

nbnezheae. Fn bzher mke! kmzuka fnyezcenz reufrej pere hf`her zhkn zhe kttrbyej 54

cfaafbn knj fn umh mke bce `rbut jemfjej zb aekye zhe abkn unzbumhej unzfa zhev pbuaj oe

koae zb rkfe zhe kjjfzfbnka mktfzka irbc bzher burme. Tkrz bi zhe iabkzfn` mktfzka f zhereibre aeiz

fjae knj nbz tuz zb ue. Kmmbrjfn` zb fnibrckzfbn kykfakoae! zhf jbe nbz treyenz zhe `rbut

irbc zkrzfn` abkn retkvcenz. Phfaz zhev jb nbz ènerkze knv fnmbce byer zhe fjae mktfzka!zhev kab jb nbz fnmur knv mbz k zhe abkn kre fnzerez iree.

Bzher `rbut ikme k jemafne fn trbgemzej jecknj ibr zhe trbjumz knj eryfme zhev jeyeabtej

pfzh zhefr abkn. Zhf f cbzav kzzrfouzej zb zhe eyere jrbu`hz zhkz f hfzzfn` Lenvk kz zhf

cbcenz. K k reuaz ibbj trfme hkye mbnfjerkoav `bne ut! aekyfn` trbtemzfye mafenz pfzh afzzae

mkh zb ouv zhe trbjumz zhev bzherpfe cf`hz hkye turmhkej. Oemkue trbgemzej fnmbce ikaa

oehfnj! bce `rbut ènerkze fnuiifmfenz ekrnfn` zb ckle zhe abkn retkvcenz. Zhev kre

= K mbnzfzuenmv eenzfkaav f k tbafzfmka èb`rkthfmka enzfzv< ekmh mbnzfzuenmv eaemz k Cecoer bi Tkrafkcenz.

Mbnzfzuenmfe jb nbz byerakt pfzh kjcfnfzrkzfye èb`rkthfmka enzfzfe. Zhee kre! irbc zbt zb obzzbc! zhe

zkze! zhe trbyfnme! zhe jfzrfmz! zhe jfyffbn! zhe abmkzfbn! zhe uo#abmkzfbn knj zhe yfaakè. Fn trkmzfme! zheCfnfzrv f retreenzej fn zhe re`fbn kz jfzrfmz aeyea. Zhere kre guz byer 04 jfzrfmz fn zhe mbunzrv knj zhkz f

phere zhe Cfnfzrv‖ ifeaj zkii f zkzfbnej. K jfzrfmz fnmauje mabe zb zhree mbnzfzuenmfe kz kyerkè.

:0



ifnknmfn` zhbe nbp irbc bzher reburme ouz fz f fctbfoae zb trejfmz hbp abn` kiiemzej

`rbut pfaa oe koae zb jb b. ]bce pbuaj kttremfkze kn exzenfbn bi zhe `rkme terfbj zb zfe zhec

byer zhe jrbu`hz terfbj< ouz bzher krùe fn zhe bttbfze jfremzfbn knj pbuaj treier hbrzer

retkvcenz terfbj fn brjer zb ekrafer kmme k embnj knj akrèr abkn.

Abkn Trbmefn`

Fnfzfkaav! ibrcuakzfbn bi abkn reuez knj trbmefn` zherebi ov zhe Cfnfzrv pk errkzfm!

fi nbz bcephkz mhkbzfm kz zfce. Zhe ckgbr rekbn ibr zhkz pk zhkz zhe ibrcka trbmefn`

ùfjeafne jfj nbz mbyer kaa reaeyknz fue br pere fnuiifmfenzav unjerzbbj br fnzernkafwej ov

Cfnfzrv zkii knj zhe MPEIM zhkz pere zb takv k rbae fn zhe trbme. Zb bce exzenz! zhere zfaa

f mbniufbn fn zhf re`krj! eyen zhbu`h kaa fnybayej hkye pbrlej hkrj zb èz zhe ifrz okzmh bi

abkn reuez trbmeej.

Zhere kre zpb ckgbr krek ibr fctrbyecenz. Ifrz! zhe ùfjeafne neej zb oe zrknibrcej fnzb k

iuaa#iaejèj iabp mhkrz zhkz maekrav ezkoafhe zhe trbme! zhe kmzbr! zhefr juzfe knj

retbnfofafzfe< zhkz oufaj mheml knj okaknme fn zhe trbme! tbfoav fnmaujfn` kn ktteka

trbmejure< knj zhkz cbye oevbnj zhe kttrbyka tkrz bi zhe trbme knj kab kjjree zhe

cbnfzbrfn` knj mbnmaujfn` tkrz zherebi.

Zhe bzher krek f zhe kttrbtrfkze knj iunmzfbnka kaabmkzfbn bi reburme zb zhe trbme. Zb jb k

`bbj gbo! kaa fnybayej hkye zb fnyez cbre zhkn knzfmftkzej zfce knj fnmur kaa lfnj bi mbz fn

jbfn` b! tkrzfmuakrav k re`krj zrkyea knj reakzej extene. Fn trkmzfme! hbpeyer! zkii

fnybayecenz fn zhe trb`rkc f een k tkrz bi zhefr reùakr juzfe knj nb kjjfzfbnka zfce knj

oujèz kaabmkzfbn hk oeen ibrzhmbcfn`. Fn zhe abn` run zhf ckv nbz hbaj k zkii hbp f`n bi

ikzfùe phfmh f nbz mbnjumfye ibr zhe trb`rkc. Aflepfe! bterkzfbnka oujèz kre mkrme knj

bmmkfbnkaav zbb mkrme zb jb k `bbj gbo. Obzh eaecenz pfaa oe iurzher eakobrkzej fn zhe nexzmhktzer.

Kjjfzfbnka mhkaaenè kre fn zhe krek bi abkn kttafmkzfbn ibrc knj aknùkè. Zhe ibrc kre bizen

nbz iuaav unjerzbbj ov zhe `rbut knj zhev! cbre bizen zhkn nbz! hkye zb reav bn Cfnfzrv zkii

br hfre trfykze kfzknme zb mbctaeze zhe ibrc. Zhe ibrc kre fn Enàfh knj neej zb oe

mbctaezej fn zhe kce aknùkè! phfmh merzkfnav fnmreke zhe trboaec. Zb zhe Kecenz

Zekc fz f fnmbctrehenfoae phv Lenvkn mfzfwen hkye zb ifaa fn ibrc ibr k `byerncenz trb`rkc

fn phkz cknv mbnfjer kn kafen aknùkè. Fn ikmz! cknv `rbut cecoer mkn nbz rekj zhefr bpn

kttafmkzfbn phfmh ekfav mkn aekj zb akml bi zrkntkrenmv knj kmmbunzkofafzv iurzher fn zhe

trbme.

Trbjumz Jef`n knj Zerc

]zknjkrjfwkzfbn bi abkn kcbunz knj zerc ureav ikmfafzkzej zhe abkn trbmefn` trbme!

ouz f nbz nemekrfav fn afne pfzh kmzuka jecknj fn zhe ifeaj. Zhere f nb reka rkzfbnkae fn

obrrbpfn` cbre zhkn bne neej br fn oefn` `rknzej ae zhkn bne neej zb ummeiuaav

fctaecenz kn embnbcfm kmzfyfzv. Zhere f kab afzzae rkzfbnkae fn abkn zerc bi ;5 cbnzh fi zhe

abkn f uej ibr pbrlfn` mktfzka turtbe bnav! umh k fn ouvfn` knj eaafn`. Kz zhe kce zfce

umh zenure ckv oe fnuiifmfenz zb rembyer kaa mbz reakzej zb fnyezcenz mktfzka! umh k ouvfn`

euftcenz ibr ezzfn` ut k trbjumzfbn afne br ouvfn` afye zbml. Mbccbn pfjbc hk fz zhkz abkn

kcbunz knj zerc kre zrumzurej zb zhe tkrzfmuakrfzfe knj ekrnfn` mktkmfzv bi zhe oufne mkekz hknj. Zhf f nbz trkmzfmej fn zhe trb`rkc.

:8



Aflepfe! pherek fz f krùej fn zhf retbrz zhkz kn 8% fnzerez rkze fn zhe CIF tkrz bi zhe

trb`rkc f jeokzkoae fn zerc bi mbnyfnmfn` rkzfbnkae! zhe 4% fnzerez rkze fn zhe MPEIM tkrz f

eyen cbre b jeokzkoae. Tkrzav! zhe 4% fnzerez rkze f okaknmej pfzh zhe 5% bne#zfce urmhkrè!

ouz zb cknv `rbut zhe rkzfbnkae bi zhkz mhkrè f zbzkaav unmaekr knj zhf zknj zb rekbn. Zhev

hkye k abkn reuez bi 54!444 kttrbyej< zhev retkv zhe 54!444! ouz bnav remefye :0!544. Cknvmbnfjer zhkz zheiz! efzher ov zhe oknl br ov zhe PEI. Eyen zhbu`h zhe fnzenzfbn oehfnj zhf

bjj trkmzfme ckv oe mbnfjerej rekbnkoae! fz f hf`hav mbniufn` ibr zkii knj mafenz kafle knj!

zhu! cerfz rembnfjerkzfbn.

Jecknj knj ]uttav

Zhere f nb jbuoz phkzbeyer zhkz zhe jecknj ibr phbaekae abkn fn zhe jfzrfmz f

enbrcbu. Cbrebyer! fz f fctrefye zb ee zhe mrekzfyfzv knj fnènufzv bi zhe `rbut fi fz mbce

zb jef`nfn` mbaaemzfye fnyezcenz trbtbka zhkz oeneifz kaa cecoer knj zhefr ikcfafe. Fn ikmz!

fz f ufze rekurfn` zb nbzfme zhkz zhe `rbut fn cbz mke hkye k `bbj ene ibr phkz pfaa pbrl

fn zhefr bpn hbce ckrlez. Zhev ckv nbz vez oe koae zb ibrcuakze kn kjeukze oufne

trbtbka ouz zhev hkye k leen ene bi phkz cf`hz pbrl.

Frretemzfye bi zhe mhkaaenè ibrcuakzej kobye! zhe MPEIM tkrz bi zhe PEI zhereibre f cbz

zfceav knj kttrbtrfkze. Fn ikmz! byerkaa jecknj f cumh hf`her zhkn treenzav kykfakoae mktfzka

knj hknjafn` mktkmfzv. Zhf tbe zhree kjjfzfbnka mhkaaenè7 cbre mktfzka zb fnyez zhrbu`h zhe

MPEIM mhknnea! cbre hknjafn` mktkmfzv zb fnyez zhe mktfzka trujenzav knj zfceav knj cbre

uttbrz zb ut rkje `rbut fnfzfkzfye fnzb trbter oufne mke knj trbtbka.

_embccenjkzfbn zb zhkz enj kre ibrcuakzej fn zhe nexz mhktzer

@rbut Jvnkcfm

Zhere kre k iep cbre mbnfjerkzfbn zb zkle fnzb kmmbunz phen jef`nfn` k iuzure

trb`rkc zrkze`v. Zhe ifrz jeka pfzh bmfka teribrcknme knj zhe embnj pfzh byerkaa trb`rkc

vner`fe. Cbz `rbut hkye trbtbej ‘mbaaemzfye‖ kmzfyfzfe ibr zhe abkn< zhkz kre kmzfyfzfe

reufrfn` zhe tkrzfmftkzfbn bi kaa cecoer knj oeneifzfn` kaa cecoer. Zvtfmkaav! zhee kre

kmzfyfzfe zhkz cecoer zkle ut bn zbt bi zhefr reùakr fnmbce ènerkzfn` kmzfyfzfe. Hbpeyer! fn

bzher `rbut zhe abkn f oefn` kttrbtrfkzej ov k afcfzej nucoer bi cecoer! uukaav zhe `rbut

aekjer. Zhe ibrcka guzfifmkzfbn ibr zhkz f zhkz zhe abkn kcbunz f zbb ckaa zb oeneifz kaa.

Zhe reka trboaec here! hbpeyer! f zhkz kaa cecoer kre afkoae ibr zhe retkvcenz bi zhe abkn

zhkz f bnav uzfafwej ov k iep cecoer. Kn kjjfzfbnka trboaec f zhkz zhe nbn#tkrzfmftkzfn`cecoer ckv nbz eyen oe kpkre bi zhe rfl zhkz zhev run! k fn bce mke zhe jezkfa bi zhe

abkn kre bnav lnbpn ov zhe `rbut aekjer. Zhf f kab f k cbre ènerka fue zb oe kjjreej ov

zhe PEI. Phen fnzeryfepfn` `rbut cecoer! nbz kaa hkj k okfm lnbpaejè knj unjerzknjfn`

bi zhe abkn zhev hkj f`nej ut ibr. Bizen zhe retbne pk zhkz cbre jezkfaej fnibrckzfbn pk

bnav kykfakoae irbc zhe mhkfrpbcen br emrezkrv phb pk nbz kzzenjfn` zhe ceezfn`.

Zhe bzher pkv krbunj! zhere kre kab mke phere ae kmzfye `rbut cecoer kre tf``v#oe``fn`

zhe hkrj pbrl bi bzher cecoer zb kttav zhe abkn ummeiuaav. Zhev jb nbz trbyfje zbb cumh

fntuz zb zhe kmzfyfzfe! ouz zknj zb oeneifz nbnezheae. Bizen `rbut mbnfz bi ckaaer uo#

`rbut knj! k umh! kre bi k cbre hezerbènebu mbctbfzfbn. Zhf ckv neej zb oe pef`hzej fnzhe jemffbn#cklfn` trbme.

:6



Knbzher fue zb mbnfjer f zhe afieafne bi `rbut. ]bce jkze okml zb zhe fxzfe knj hkye oufaz kn

fctrefye hknjafn` mktkmfzv zhrbu`hbuz zhefr hfzbrv. Bizen zhee `rbut hkye fnzernka kyfn`

knj abkn vzec fn takme fn phfmh `rbut kez hkye kmmucuakzej zb ykrfbu cuazfzuje bi zhe

abkn kcbunz ckje kykfakoae zhrbu`h zhe PEI< ibr umh `rbut k phbaekae abkn bi 54!444 f

cere teknuz. Kaa zhee mbnfjerkzfbn uttbrz zhe u`èzfbn zb reyfep abkn kcbunz.

Mhknnea ]vner`v

Zhere jbe nbz kttekr zb oe knv vner`v oezpeen obzh PEI mhknnea! nbz eyen fn

abmkafzfe phere bce bi zhe CIF tkrzner kre bterkzfbnka kabn`fje zhe MPEIM trb`rkc! k f

zhe mke fn Ngerf! ibr fnzknme. Biifmer kmzfye fn obzh retemzfye mhknnea ckv nbz eyen lnbp

zhkz zhe bzher mhknnea f kmzfye fn zhe kce abmkafzv. Knj ibr jfzrfmz zkii fz f jfkttbfnzfn` zb

nbzfme zhkz zhev mkn bnav kmmbccbjkze ?4 trbtbka ter mbnzfzuenmv knj nbz eiiemzfyeav reier

`rbut br fnjfyfjuka zb zhe CIF mhknnea.

Lenvkn CIF zb jkze kre nbz yerv leen bn biierfn` phbaekae abkn zb `rbut. Zhe PEI mbuaj

mbnzrfouze zb zurnfn` zhkz krbunj. Zhe zrkze`v pbuaj oe zb enure zhkz `rbut zhkz hkye

`rkjukzej irbc zhe MPEIM mhknnea ummeiuaav èz kmme zb zhe reùakr trb`rkc bi

tkrzfmftkzfn` CIF. Pfaafn`ne zb mbnzectakze zhf btzfbn hbuaj zhereibre oe fnmaujej fn zhe

zenjer mbnjfzfbn zhkz kttav zb zhe CIF mhknnea. Zhf ckv kab fnmauje k treierenme ibr pbrlfn`

pfzh CIF zhkz hkye k nkzfbnka mbyerkè.

Jemffbn#cklfn` Fue

Byerkaa! zhe jemffbn#cklfn` trbme f ofkej zbpkrj zemhnfmka ibrckafzfe7 mbrremz ifafn`

fn bi zhe abkn kttafmkzfbn ibrc! mbrremz ubzkzfbn bi reierrka trfme! mbrremz afzfn` bi `rbutcecoer! mbrremz trbyffbn bi thbzbmbtfe bi fjenzfzv mkrj! mbrremz takmecenz bi f`nkzure!

ifnèr trfnz knj phkz nbz. Phfaz zhf ckv oe unkybfjkoae! fz cuz oe rekafwej zhkz zhf

ibrckafzv#jrfyen ibmu kz zfce aekj zb rf`fjfzfe. Trbtbka hkye oeen regemzej oemkue zhev

pere nbz uocfzzej exkmzav oeibre zhe extfrkzfbn bi k jekjafne br oemkue k cfnbr trboaec pk

nbzej fn zhe kttafmkzfbn ibrc. Eukaav rf`fj f zhe rbuzfne zhkz zhe mheue mkn nbz oe mkhej kz

zhe ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn treierrej ov zhe mafenz! ouz bnav ov zhbe treierrej ov zhe Cfnfzrv. Kaa

bi zhf f trezzv tkfniua phen mbnfjerfn` zhe pbrl knj eiibrz fz ckv reufre èzzfn` zhe ibrc

ifaaej fn ov zhe `rbut fn zhe ifrz takme! br phen mbnfjerfn` zhkz fn cknv takme zhe Cfnfzrv‖

treierrej oknl ckv nbz hkye k orknmh biifme fn zhe krek. ]bce cbre aenfenme zb kmmbccbjkze

zhe `rbut‖ hknjafn` mktkmfzv f reufrej zb afye ut zhe PEI‖ yffbn knj cffbn.

Cbrebyer! zhe jemffbn#cklfn` trbme f nbz maekr. Zhe ibrcka ùfjeafne hkye ezkoafhej zhe

ibaabpfn` rbuzfne7

;. Kaa trbtbka kre uocfzzej zb knj eykaukzej ov zhe MPEIM.

?. Utbn tbfzfye kecenz! zhe trbtbka kre zb oe reyfepej ov zhe Kjyfbrv Obkrj bi zhe

PEI ibr ibrcka knj ifnka jemffbn#cklfn`.

=. Utbn kttrbyka zhe PEI emrezkrfkz jfoure zhe iunj (prfze zhe mheue& zb zhe `rbut.

Zhf f k ikfrav zrkf hzibrpkrj jemffbn#cklfn` afne! ouz zhe ibaabpfn` bcffbn knj

fnmbnfzenmfe kre nbzej ov zhe Kecenz Zekc.

Ifrz! fz f nbz maekr phb f retbnfoae fn trkmzfme ibr uocfzzfn` zhe trbtbka zb zhe MPEIM. Fzf kucej fn zhe ùfjeafne zhkz zhe `rbut pfaa jfremzav uocfz zb zhe MPEIM fn zhefr

54



mbnzfzuenmv ouz zhe `rbut jb nbz lnbp zhbe mbccfzzee knj zhu `b zb zhe jfzrfmz biifme bi

zhe Cfnfzrv phbe ikmfafzkzfn` rbae f nbz kmlnbpaejèj fn zhe ùfjeafne. Aflepfe! fz f nbz maekr

phb pfaa cbye zhe trbtbka irbc zhe MPEIM zb zhe Kjyfbrv Obkrj. K`kfn! zhe jfzrfmz zkii f

aeiz pfzh zhkz rbae! ouz fz kmzukaav uocfz zhe trbtbka nbz zb zhe Obkrj ouz zb zhe ]emrezkrfkz!

phfmh rbae fn zhe trbme kab f nbz kmlnbpaejèj.

]embnj! zhe MPEIM kre etemfkaav mrekzej ibr zhe PEI ouz zhefr rbae fn trkmzfme f hf`hav

kcofùbu. Fn bce jfzrfmz zhev takv k trb#kmzfye rbae ouz fn cbz jfzrfmz fz kre zhe Cfnfzrv

biifmer zhkz jrfye zhe jemffbn#cklfn` trbme. Zhf f tkrzav zhe reuaz irbc zhe ikmz zhkz fn

cknv mke zhe MPEIM kre fnuiifmfenzav eufttej zb teribrc zhefr zkzuzbrv rbae ibr rekbn bi

oujèz knj exterzfe. Zhev hkye nb cekn zb yffz zhe kttafmknz `rbut knj ckv akml zhe

exterzfe zb zhbrbu`hav mheml zhe yfkofafzv bi zhe trbtbej kmzfyfzfe.

Zhfrj! zhe trbme akml zhe reufrecenz zb cbzfykze regemzfbn. ]bcezfce kttafmkzfbn kre

regemzej ibr fnemure br kre regemzej pfzhbuz knv rekbn trbyfjej. Bizen! regemzfbn kre nbz

trbterav mbccunfmkzej zb kttafmknz knj nb ktteka trbmejure f fn takme. Phkz f fnuiifmfenzav

rekafwej f zhkz regemzfbn kz nkzfbnka aeyea hkye k ne`kzfye fctkmz bn zhe zkzu bi zhe MPEIM

zhkz brf`fnkaav rembccenjej zhe trbtbka! etemfkaav fi zhe rekbn kre nbz maekr br okej bn

umh fnemure. Zhf unjermuz zhe mrejfofafzv bi zhe MPEIM.

Iburzh! phkz kab unjermuz zhe trbme f zhkz bmmkfbnkaav regemzfbn kre cbzfykzej bn zhe

okf bi zhe oufne mke trbtbej. Zhkz hbuaj kmzukaav nbz oe tbfoae. Fi zhe oufne mke f k

tbbr bne fnjeej! fz hbuaj nbz hkye tkej zhe MPEIM. Ouz fi fz hk tkej zhkz aeyea! zhe Zekc

pbnjer bn zhe okf bi phkz exterzfe knj lnbpaejè bi abmka ckrlez knj mbnjfzfbn zhe

Obkrj fn Nkfrbof pbuaj oe koae zb regemz zhe oufne mke.:

Ifizh! zhere f bce tbafmv fnmbneuenme fn zhe trbmejure. Zhe MPEIM mhknnea eenzfkaav f knfnzernka Cfnfzrv mhknnea7 zhe jfzrfmz biifme! zhe Jetkrzcenz bi @enjer zkii knj zhe PEI

emrezkrfkz okfmkaav run zhe mhknnea< fn ikmz! zhev jb kaa zhe pbrl exmetz ibr zhe ibrcka jemffbn

cklfn` kazhbu`h zhev kre trezzv cumh fnybayej fn zhe trbme fnibrckaav. Tuzzfn` ut zpb

mbctaezeav nep enzfzfe! zhe MPEIM knj zhe Kjyfbrv Obkrj! f boyfbuav ceknz zb orfn`

exzernka exterzfe fnzb zhe jemffbn#cklfn` trbme knj fnzkaa k okfm aeyea bi bogemzfyfzv ouz zhe

uezfbn f zb phkz exzenz zhkz rekaav pbrl fn trkmzfme. Nbz kaa MPEI] kre eufttej zb jb k

trbiefbnka gbo knj zhe Obkrj f cbzav ruooer#zkctfn` MPEIM rembccenjkzfbn br! kz zfce!

byerruafn` MPEIM rembccenjkzfbn.

Byerkaa! zhf f kn exzreceav zbt#hekyv! mbctafmkzej knj aen`zhv trbmejure ibr fctae 54!444

abkn. Aez u rekafwe hbp ckaa zhee abkn kmzukaav kre7 L]H 54!444 euka U]J 999. Zhkz f abperzhkn zhe kyerkè fnjfyfjuka kyerkè abkn fwe kz cbz CIF phfmh zknj kz kttrbxfckzeav

;54!444#?54!444. Pbcen `rbut bizen hkye kz aekz ?4 cecoer! b ter cecoer zhe kyerkè

abkn kcbunz f kz oez L]H ?544 br U]J ==. ]bce `rbut hkye cbre zhkn 54 cecoer orfn`fn`

zhe kyerkè kcbunz jbpn zb L]H ;?54 br U]J ;0. Mbnfjerfn` zhee kcbunz k`kfnz

extabfyeav rkffn` mbz bi ibbj knj zrkntbrzkzfbn! zhe Zekc mknnbz ouz k`ree pfzh cknv

`rbut zhkz zhe phbaekae abkn kre teknuz fnjeej.

: Bi tkrzfmuakr reaeyknme fn zhf retemz f zhkz zhe Obkrj kttekr zb hkye jeyeabtej k tbafmv zb regemz knv

trbtbka zhkz f okej bn ufn` k MPEIM abkn ibr trbyfjfn` fnjfyfjuka cfmrb#abkn zb `rbut cecoer. Zhf f krkzher jeokzkoae jemffbn fn yfep bi hbp mbccunfzv#okej ifnknme pbrl krbunj zhe àboe k peaa k fn yfep

bi zhe hbcbènebu mbctbfzfbn bi cknv `rbut.

5;



Fnjfmkzfye bi zhkz kre zhee okfm boerykzfbn. Ifrz! cecoer hbpfn` ut ibr ceezfn` pfzh

yffzfn` Kebr br Cfnfzrv zkii remefye zrkntbrzkzfbn knj ibbj mbctenkzfbn bi L]H 544#

;444. Kzzenjfn` k mbutae bi ceezfn` zhereibre f cbre extenfye zhkn zhe uazfckze abkn

kcbunz ter `rbut cecoer. ]embnj! cbz `rbut pfaa nbz ikme reka trboaec pfzh retkvfn` zhe

abkn eyen fi zhee jb nbz ènerkze uiifmfenz ekrnfn`. Zhfrj! abkn hknjafn` f trbokoav cbre

extenfye zhkn zhe cbnezkrv ykaue bi zhe abkn fzeai phen kaa zhe jfremz knj fnjfremz mbz bi tretkrkzfbn! trbmefn ! kttrbyka! cbnfzbrfn` knj kjcfnfzrkzfbn kre ikmzbrej fn. Irbc zhf

tertemzfye! zhe MPEIM mhknnea f exzreceav extenfye.

Zhee boerykzfbn mkaa ibr zpb ckgbr rembccenjkzfbn zhkz pfaa oe iurzher eakobrkzej7

fctafifmkzfbn bi zhe jemffbn#cklfn` trbme knj jfyerfifmkzfbn bi zhe trbjumz rknè.

:.= PEI‖ FN]ZFZUZFBNKA TE_IB_CKNME

]zkze bi Kiikfr7 CIF Tkrznerhft Mhknnea

K zkzej kz ykrfbu bmmkfbn fn zhf retbrz! zhe fnzfzuzfbnka teribrcknme bi zhe PEI k

vez f nbz btzfcka. Zhe CIF tkrznerhft mhknnea f hbpfn` f`n bi jfkttbfnzcenz ov zhe CIF

tkrzner. Iunj kre nbz mbcfn` zhrbu`h! abe kre fnmurrej! k akml bi ikcfafkrfzv pfzh reùakzej

cfmrbifnknme hk oeen boeryej knj zhere f afzzae fn zhe pkv bi bten jfkabùe.

Fn kjjfzfbn! zhev ifnj zhefr jekafn` pfzh zhe PEI zfrebce knj errkzfm. Zhe Iunj zrfej zb mrekze k

bne#zbt hbttfn` takme ibr zhe CIF kz zhe Cfnfzrv fn zhe ibrc bi zhe ]emrezkrfkz! ouz zhf jbe

nbz iunmzfbn k umh oevbnj zhe irbnz jbbr. Mbbrjfnkzfbn tkzzern oezpeen zhe ykrfbu

jetkrzcenzka oureku knj unfz kre jfiiue oemkue zhev kre nbz `byernej ov maekr tbafmfe knj

trbmejure. Fi zhf fzukzfbn pere zb mbnzfnue! bne hbuaj nbz oe urtrfej fi bce tkrzfmftkzfn`CIF pbuaj zhrbp zhe zbpea! rezurn zhe obrrbpej mktfzka treckzureav knj enj zhe tkrznerhft.

Kz zhe kce zfce fz f zb oe kttremfkzej zhkz zhe ]emrezkrfkz bi zhe PEI f murrenzav oefn`

zren`zhenej< zhf ckv rejume zhe trboaec zb cknkèkoae trbtbrzfbn! ouz jbe nbz nemekrv

kjjre zhe ckgbr fue kz zkle.

Iunj yeru Trb`rkc

Zhe okfm trboaec f zhe jfmretknmv oezpeen zhe PEI k k `byerncenz trb`rkc! phkz

fz kmzukaav f! knj zhe PEI k k zknj#kabne iunj! phkz f trezenj zb oe! fi bnav ov fz nkce.

K ènufne iunj uukaav hk fz bpn ae`ka enzfzv! fz bpn `byernfn` objv! fz bpn cknkècenz

knj zkii! fz bpn kjcfnfzrkzfye vzec knj fz bpn trecfe. K trb`rkc pbrl pfzhfn zhe

`byerncenz zrumzure knj f uogemz zb kaa `byerncenzka kjcfnfzrkzfye ruae knj reùakzfbn.

Zhe PEI ibr fnzknme jbe nbz leet fz kjcfnfzrkzfbn fn bne menzrka! ekfav kmmefoae takme.

Phfaz zhf terhkt cereav f k trkmzfmka fnmbnyenfenme! bn bzher kmmbunz zhe jfiierenme kre

cbre iunjkcenzka.

Fn zhe CIF mhknnea! zhe PEI eenzfkaav takv kn fnyezcenz knj kez cknkècenz rbae7 fz

takme fz mktfzka pfzh zhe mbnzrkmzej CIF knj neej zb enure zhkz zhe mktfzka iabp okml fnzb

zhe PEI. Fn trkmzfme! hbpeyer! zhee mktfzka abkn kre `byernej ov trbmurecenz rkzher zhen

fnyezcenz trbmejure. Ouz zhe CIF kre nbz trbyfjfn` `bbj br eryfme zb zhe Cfnfzrv< fz f zhe

Cfnfzrv zhkz takme mktfzka pfzh zhe CIF.

5?



Fn k reka iunj! zhe hferkrmhv f maekr< fn zhe PEI fz f nbz. Tkrz bi zhe pbrl hk oeen ez kfje fn

zhe PEI ]emrezkrfkz! ouz bzher tkrz zkv pfzhfn zhe Jetkrzcenz bi @enjer bi zhe Cfnfzrv. Zhe

PEI hk k obkrj! ouz fz f nbz k `byernfn` obkrj. Kmzuka PEI `byernknme f takmej pfzhfn zhe

Cfnfzrv zrumzure. Fz f fctbfoae ibr buzfjer zb fnjfmkze phb f fn mhkrè bi zhe PEI7 f fz zhe

MEB phb hekj zhe ]emrezkrfkz! f fz zhe Tercknenz ]emrezkrv bi zhe Cfnfzrv! zhe ]emrezkrv bi

zhe Jetkrzcenz ibr @enjer knj ]bmfka Jeyeabtcenz br zhe Mbccffbner ibr @enjer knj ]bmfkaJeyeabtcenz2 Phkz f maekr f zhkz kaa hkye zhefr bpn retemzfye retbnfofafzfe ouz fz ckle fz

jfiifmuaz zb remb`nfwe zhe PEI k k iunj.

Zhe jbuoae mhknnea kttrbkmh kjj zb zhe mbctaexfzv. Pherek zhe CIF mhknnea hk oeen

buzburmej! zhe MPEIM mhknnea f eenzfkaav run nbz ov zhe MPEIM ouz ov zhe @enjer Jfyffbn

knj zhe jfzrfmz biifme bi zhe Cfnfzrv knj zhe PEI emrezkrfkz.

Kaa bi zhf unkybfjkoav aekj zb abn` mbccunfmkzfbn knj jemffbn#cklfn` afne knj zb bn`bfn`

jeokze fn zhe Cfnfzrv byer phb f exkmzav retbnfoae ibr phkz. Zhe nexz mhktzer bn

rembccenjkzfbn pfaa u`èz bce cbjfifmkzfbn ibr zhe hbrz zerc.

Iuzure Tertemzfye

Fi fz pbuaj oe lnbpn karekjv zhkz zhe CIF mhknnea pbuaj oe mbnzfnuej knj `rkjukaav

hkye cbre mktfzka kykfakoae! zhe btzfbn bi zurnfn` zhf mhknnea fnzb k etkrkze ae`ka enzfzv umh k

k tkrkzkzka mbuaj oe mbnfjerej. Zhf btzfbn hk zpb ckfn kzzrkmzfbn. Ifrz! fz pbuaj aekj zb

cbre temfkafwkzfbn. Zhe CIF pbuaj oe taekej fi zhev pbuaj oe jekafn` pfzh k temfkafwej

(‘jejfmkzej‖& knj eiifmfenz mktfzka ikmfafzv zhkz hk zhe mktkmfzv zb ckzmh iunj tbafmv mbnmern

pfzh zhefr temfifm fnzfzuzfbnka enyfrbncenz.

]embnj! fz f nbz fctbfoae zb extemz zhkz ofakzerka knj cuazf#akzerka iunjfn` kènmfe br

jeyeabtcenz ifnknme fnzfzuzfbn pbuaj oe pfaafn` zb fnyez mktfzka fn zhe CIF mhknnea! ouz zhev

pbuaj cbz afleav bnav oe pfaafn` zb jb b fi zhe Iunj pbuaj hkye oeen ezkoafhej k k etkrkze

ae`ka enzfzv. Kz zhf tbfnz fn zfce fz ckv oe zbb ekrav zb mbce zb umh k jemffbn. Zhe CIF mhknnea

f ikfrav vbun` knj fz umme neej zb oe ezkoafhej ifrz.

K zb zhe MPEIM mhknnea! zhere f cumh zb kv fn ikybr bi leetfn` zhkz pfzhfn zhe tuoafm emzbr

zrumzure! fi bnav oemkue nb maekr kazernkzfye btzfbn kre kykfakoae. Zb jkze! Lenvkn CIF kz

akrè hkye hbpn afcfzej fnzerez knj exterfenme fn trbyfjfn` phbaekae abkn zb pbcen `rbut.

K ueiua zrkze`v pbuaj oe zb ue zhf mhknnea k k zkrz#ut ikmfafzv ibr `rbut aenjfn` knj kfc ibr

mkrrvfn` byer zhe `rbut fn jue zfce zb zhe ibrcka oknlfn` emzbr phfaz mbnzfnufn` eryfmejeafyerv zb hfzherzb un#eryej `rbut! br fn Cfnfzrv gkr`bn7 nbn#oeneifzfn` `rbut.

5=





Fi k tkrzfmftkzfn` CIF mkn mbce ibrpkrj pfzh k trbjumz zhkz mkn ceez zhe okf mrfzerfk

cenzfbnej kobye! zhe PEI hbuaj k k ckzzer bi trfnmftae aekye trbjumz jef`n zb zhkz CIF.

Zhee kre fnjetenjenz ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn knj k tkrznerhft reakzfbnhft jfmzkze zhkz obzh

tkrzner reckfn k okfm aeyea bi kuzbnbcv bn zhefr bpn zuri.

Zhe PEI‖ ckgbr mbnmern f zhkz CIF rekmh trfbrfzv mafenz kiibrjkoav! kmmefoav knjkttrbtrfkzeav. Hbp zhkz f zb oe jbne f ut zb zhe CIF. Zhe mrfzfmka zkl zb oe teribrcej f

zb ee zb fz zhkz zhe CIF jeafyer bn zhkz trbcfe. Jfmzkzfn` k trbjumz f k remfte ibr ikfaure fn

zhe iuzure.

Fi zhe CIF trbtbka pbuaj oe k mbnyfnmfn` bne! zhkn zhe mbnzrkmzuka k`reecenz oezpeen

PEI knj zhkz CIF hbuaj oe zkfabrej zb zhkz trbtbka! pfzhfn merzkfn tkrkcezer. Fz hbuaj

oe treyenzej zhkz mrekzfye nep trbjumz mbuaj nbz oe akunmhej! br pbuaj oe pfzhjrkpn!

oemkue zhe unjeravfn` mbnzrkmz oezpeen obzh tkrzfe pbuaj ckle zhkz trbjumz uniekfoae.

Zhe tbfnz f fn orfn`fn` zhe rf`hz trbjumz zb zhe rf`hz mafenz< nbz fn orfn`fn` zhe prbn`

trbjumz zb zhe prbn` mafenz< phfmh f phkz hktten nbp fn zhe mhknnea.

_embccenjkzfbn ;.=7 _eaeke bi Iunj knj _eyfep bi Mbnzrkmz

Zhe PEI zknj zb abe mrejfofafzv ov nbz ceezfn` fz mbnzrkmzuka boaf`kzfbn< k rfl

mkrrfej byer zb zhe CIF yf#ä#yf zhefr tre#eaemzej mafenz.

Zhf pbuaj mkaa ibr k cbre hbnbrkoae kjherenme zb mbccfzcenz ckje knj mbnzrkmz f`nej.

Hbpeyer! fnme zhe PEI f kjyfej zb `b okml zb zhe jrkpfn` obkrj k re`krj mafenz

zkrèzfn`! trbjumz jef`n knj mbnzrkmzfn`! zhere kre rekbn zb `b ibr k cbre byerkaa re#

ne`bzfkzfbn bi mbnzrkmz fnzekj. CIF mbuaj oe `fyen kn btzfn`#buz btzfbn fn mke zhevpbuaj nbz k`ree pfzh zhe mafenz trbifae turuej ov zhe PEI. Kz zhe kce zfce fz cf`hz oe fn

fnzerezfn` btzfbn zb bten tkrzfmftkzfbn ibr CIF zhkz cf`hz oe fnzerezej fn ceezfn` zhee

nep zerc bi mbbterkzfbn.

Fz pbuaj oe fctbrzknz zb mbnjumz umh k re#ne`bzfkzfbn trbme fn kn kcfmkoae pkv pfzh

kttremfkzfbn ibr retemzfye tbfzfbn.

_embccenjkzfbn ;.:7 Tkrznerhft ]eaemzfbn knj Zenjer _eyfep

Zenjer hbuaj oe okej bn zhe bogemzfye bi mrekzfn` iunmzfbnka tkrznerhftrkzher zhkn mbuzfn` ibr uombnzrkmzbr br hknjafn` kènz ibr tre#jef`nej

trbjumz. .

Murrenzav zhere f nb vner`v oezpeen obzh PEI mhknnea. Zhkz vner`v tertemzfye hbuaj

oe jeyeabtej fn brjer zb guzfiv zhe jbuoae#mhknnea zrkze`v.

Zhkz reufre zhe fnzrbjumzfbn bi ènufne tkrznerhft cbjea zhkz turue zhe bafmfzkzfbn bi

trbjumz knj eryfme reufrej ov trfbrfzv mafenz< zhee hbuaj pbrl ibr zhec rkzher zhkn ibr

zhe PEI! phfmh f zb oe cbre maekrav een k k ikmfafzv! nbz kn enj fn fzeai br k eai#eryfn`

cemhknfc. Phkz pbrl ibr trfbrfzv mafenz hbuaj pbrl ibr zhe PEI< nbz zhe bzher pkvkrbunj.

55



Zhe PEI f kjyfej zb zhbrbu`hav reyfep fz zenjer tbafmfe! fi nbz koknjbn zhbe kazbèzher

knj! fnzekj! cbye zbpkrj tbafmv jrfyen mktfzka fnyezcenz tbafmfe.

_embccenjkzfbn ;.57 Bne#]zbt ]hbttfn` Takme ibr CIF

Frretemzfye bi zhe exkmz tbfzfbnfn` knj zkzu bi zhe PEI ]emrezkrfkz fn zhe PEI

kz akrè! fz hbuaj iunmzfbn k k ènufne bne#zbt hbttfn` takme.

K extakfnej kobye! zhere f uezfbn kobuz zhe kmzuka zkzu bi zhe PEI7 f fz k iunj br k

trb`rkc2 Zhkz uezfbn! hbpeyer! hbuaj oe bi nb mbnmern zb zhe tkrzner CIF7 zb zhec zhe

PEI hbuaj bnav oe retreenzej zhbu`h fz ]emrezkrfkz! hekjej ov zhe MEB. Kaa reakzfbnhft

cknkècenz pfzh zhe CIF hbuaj oe krrknèj ibr irbc zhkz biifme fn brjer zb ckle fz k

ènufne bne#zbt hbttfn` takme.

Fn jkv#zb#jkv kiikfr! zhe CIF hbuaj nbz oe kttrbkmhej ov nbn#]emrezkrfkz Cfnfzrv zkii knj zhe bzher pkv krbunj zhe CIF hbuaj nbz oe reierrej zb nbn#]emrezkrfkz zkii ov zhe

]emrezkrfkz. Ibr zhe CIF! zhe ]emrezkrfkz f zhe PEI.

5.? ZHE MPEIM MHKNNEA

Tbfnz bi Jetkrzure

Okfm mbnfjerkzfbn unjeravfn` zhe rembccenjkzfbn kre zhe ibaabpfn`<

;. Zhe trb`rkc kfc zb ceez k akrè knj `rbpfn` jecknj fn zhe mbunzrv ibr kiibrjkoaephbaekae abkn zb pbcen `rbut. Kz kyerkè! `rbut cecoer zhkz ukafiv fn zerc bi

trb`rkc trfbrfzfe kre tbbr pbcen pfzh afzzae br nb kmme zb zhe ibrcka ifnknmfka emzbr knj

pfzh rezrfmzej fnmbce ekrnfn` mktkmfzfe! fnuiifmfenz zb kiibrj mbccermfka fnzerez rkze.

?. Zhe trb`rkc hk hbpn okfm mktkmfzv zb fjenzfiv zhf jecknj knj ceez fz7 Cfnfzrv zkii

pbrlfn` ibr zhe PEI kre jejfmkzej! enzhufkz! ekèr knj fnmrekfnàv mktkoae zb ckle zhe

MPEIM mhknnea k umme.

=. Exfzfn` Cfnfzrv#reakzej pbcen `rbut fn zhe mbunzrv mbnfjer zhe jfzrfmz biifme k k

nkzurka enzrv tbfnz zb takme zhefr abkn reuez< zhev hkye `bbj exterfenme pbrlfn` pfzh

zhee biifme. Ibr obzh fje zhf mbnzfzuze k ykaukoae mbcibrz wbne.

:. Zhe abkn trbjumz bi zhe mhknnea f fnkjeukze zb ckle k reka jenz fn tbyerzv kaaeyfkzfbn knj

zhe hknjafn` knj jemffbn#cklfn` trbmee kre unnemekrfav mbctafmkzej knj aen`zhv.

_embccenjkzfbn ?.;7 Trbjumz Jfyerfifmkzfbn

Zhe MPEIM mhknnea pbuaj oeneifz irbc biierfn` zhree okfm trbjumz7 ckaa! cejfuc

knj akrèr fwe abkn< ibr fnzknme 54!444! ;44!444 knj ;54!444 hfaafn`.5

Kjjfzfbnka mrfzerfk fn ykrfbu krek mkn oe kzzkmhej zb zhe temfifm trbjumz. Zhee mrfzerfk mbuaj

oe zhe ibaabpfn`<

;. Exterfenme bi zhe rbut pfzh fnzernka kyfn knj abkn kmzfyfzfe.

?. Exterfenme bi zhe `rbut pfzh mbaaemzfye embnbcfm kmzfyfzfe.

5 Br! kazernkzfyeav! k bce `rbut u`èzej7 ;44!444! ?44!444 knj =44!444 hfaafn` abkn.

59





abkn reuez hbuaj oe kaabpej zb oe ckje fn Lfpkhfaf. Ibrcka fnibrckzfbn kobuz zhe

mbctbfzfbn knj zkzu bi zhe `rbut hbuaj nbz oe fnmaujej fn zhe ibrc trbter ouz rkzher

kzzkmhej zb fz k kn knnex.

_embccenjkzfbn ?.:7 ]fctafifmkzfbn bi zhe Kttrbyka Trbmejure

Zhe MPEIM mhknnea pbuaj oeneifz irbc k fctafifmkzfbn bi trbmejure k peaa k irbc

zhe kttafmkzfbn bi kjjfzfbnka exterzfe phere fz ckzzer7 zhe akrèr abkn.

Ifrz bi kaa! zhe trb`rkc neej bce zrekcafnfn 7 zhe mbnzfzuenmv kttrbkmh f ikfrav

jviunmzfbnka oemkue zhe mbre trbmefn` mktkmfzv f fnzkaaej nbz kz mbnzfzuenmv ouz kz jfzrfmz

aeyea. Cbrebyer! zhe thrke mbnzfzuenmv fzeai hk tbafzfmka mbnnbzkzfbn! phfmh fn zhe zkrz#ut

thke aej zb k tbafzfmka fnzertrezkzfbn bi zhe turtbe bi zhe PEI.

Fn kjjfzfbn! zhe ibrckzfbn bi PEI mbccfzzee fn kaa ?;4 mbnzfzuenmfe retreenz kn byer#

oekrfn` jecknj bn zhe trb`rkc. Mbccfzzee cecoer rf`hziuaav jecknj zb oe fuej pfzh maekr

zerc bi reierenme! juzfe knj retbnfofafzfe. Fn ikmz! zhefr pbrlabkj f yerv afcfzej7 kefn`

yerv fctae abkn reuez! kz cbz ?4 ter mbnzfzuenmv. Bne jbe nbz rekaav neej zb ez ut iuaa#

iaejèj mbccfzzee ibr zhkz turtbe.

Kn kazernkzfye kttrbkmh pbuaj oe zb fnzkaa k fctae mrejfz mbccfzzee kz jfzrfmz aeyea mbctbej

bi ibur terbn7 zhe J]JB fn kn ex biifmfb mktkmfzv knj zhree fnjetenjenz exterz! phere

reaeyknz retreenzfn` zhe mbnzfzuenmfe fn zhe jfzrfmz. Zhee Jfzrfmz Mrejfz Mbccfzzee pbuaj

hkye k iuaa cknjkze ibr kttrbyfn` 54!444 trbtbka. Zhe J]JB! zhe emrezkrv bi zhe mbccfzzee!

pbuaj oe retbnfoae ibr uocfzzfn` zhe trbtbka knj cklfn` ure zhkz kaa reaeyknz fnibrckzfbn

f treenzej zb zhe mbccfzzee! phfmh mkn zhen jemfje ov k fctae ckgbrfzv (zhree cecoer&. Zhe

mhkfr f zb oe eaemzej irbc zhe zhree fnjetenjenz exterz. Her ckgbr zkl f zb mheml fi fnjeej kaareaeyknz fnibrckzfbn f kykfakoae knj treenzej mbrremzav. Zhe jemffbn mkn bnav zkle zhree

ibrc7 kttrbyka! regemzfbn br hbajfn` fn mke cbre fnibrckzfbn f jeecej nemekrv< fn zhkz mke

zhe ut`rkjej trbtbka mkn reenzer zhe kènjk bne zfce bnav. Jemffbn kre mbccunfmkzej

jfremzav zb zhe `rbut knj ibrpkrjej zb zhe PEI emrezkrfkz! phfmh zhen prfze zhe mheue k

ter zhe temfifmkzfbn fnjfmkzej ov zhe J]JB. Ne`kzfye jemffbn neej zb oe mbccunfmkzej zb

zhe `rbut k peaa knj mkn neyer jeka pfzh ibrckafzfe. Fnmbctaeze trbtbka pfaa fctav nbz oe

ibrpkrjej zb zhe mbccfzzee! zhu pfaa nbz enzer zhe jemffbn#cklfn` trbme fn zhe ifrz takme.

Zhe J]JB iunmzfbn k `kzeleeter fn zhf retemz knj fnibrc kttafmknz `rbut phezher br nbz

trbtbka pfaa oe tuz ut ibr jemffbn#cklfn`.

Akrèr trbtbka neej k cbre krzfmuakze jemffbn#cklfn` trbme. Zhe jemffbn bi zhe mbccfzzeepfaa hkye zhe zkzu bi treafcfnkrv kttrbyka (rkzher zhkn cere rembccenjkzfbn& knj zhe

]emrezkrfkz"Obkrj pfaa hkye zb ibrckafwe zhkz fnfzfka kttrbyka. Bnav fn exmetzfbnka mke mkn zhev

pfzhhbaj umh ibrcka kttrbyka. Fn umh mke zhe trbtbka pfaa oe reierrej okml zb zhe jfzrfmz

mbccfzzee pfzh kn extafmfz cbzfykzfbn. Fz f zhen ut zb zhe jfzrfmz mbccfzzee zb reuocfz zhe

trbtbka! kizer mbnuazkzfbn pfzh zhe `rbut! knj ut zb zhe ]emrezkrfkz"Obkrj zb zkle k ifnka

jemffbn. Fn zhkz pkv k okfm ktteka trbmejure mbuaj oe fnzkaaej.

Fz mbuaj oe mbnfjerej zb rezrumzure zhe Kjyfbrv Obkrj kabn` zhe kce afne k u`èzej kobye

ibr zhe jfzrfmz aeyea. Fnzkaa k Nkzfbnka Mrejfz Mbccfzzee! mbctbej bi zhe MEB! retreenzfn` zhe

]emrezkrfkz! knj ykrfbu fnjetenjenz exterz. Jemffbn#cklfn` bn abkn kttafmkzfbn mbuaj zhenoe zrknierrej irbc zhe Obkrj zb zhe Nkzfbnka Mrejfz Mbccfzzee.

58



_embccenjkzfbn ?.57 Orknjfn` knj Nkcfn`

Fz pbuaj oe heatiua ibr kaa fnybayej fi zhe ykrfbu tkrzfe fn zhe PEI pbuaj oe `fyen

nkce zhkz jfremzav reiaemz zhefr iunmzfbn knj cknjkze.

Fz mbuaj oe mbnfjerej zb jfiierenzfkze oezpeen ykrfbu mbre iunmzfbn fn zhe PEI.

;. Zhe abkn kttrbyka iunmzfbn. Fn zhe mke bi zhe MPEIM mhknnea! mrejfz kttrbyka kre jbne ov k

mbccfzzee zhkz f uukaav reierrej zb k k mrejfz mbccfzzee (MM&. Fi zhkz f zhe mbre iunmzfbn bi

zhe MPEIM! fz pbuaj oe oez zb nkce zhe mbccfzzee kmmbrjfnàv7 zhe Lfgfkjf MM! zhe Zkfzk

MM! ezm.! nkcej kizer zhe jfzrfmz fn phfmh zhev iunmzfbn. Zhe nkzfbnka mbccfzzee pbuaj oe

zhe Nkzfbnka MM. Zhere f nb reka neej zb ibrckaav fnmauje zhe kooreyfkzfbn PEI fn zhe nkce<

kz aekz nbz fn fnzernka jbmucenz.

?. Zhe abkn trbmefn` knj kjcfnfzrkzfbn iunmzfbn7 zhf f okfmkaav jbne ov zhe jfzrfmz biifme

knj zhe ]emrezkrfkz bi zhe PEI.

=. Zhe mktkmfzv oufajfn` iunmzfbn7 zhf ibaabp zhe kce rbuzfne k zhe kjcfnfzrkzfbn iunmzfbn<

fz mbce unjer zhe ]emrezkrfkz phfmh ckv hkye k etkrkze jel ibr zhkz! zb oe ifaaej ov efzher

jfremzav kttbfnzej trb`rkc zkii br ov embnjej zkii irbc zhe Jetkrzcenz bi @enjer.

:. Ibr aboov! kjybmkmv knj bzher nbn#mrejfz kmzfyfzfe! zhe PEI mbuaj fnjeej reufre kn

Kjyfbrv Obkrj! kz nkzfbnka k peaa k kz jfzrfmz (br mbnzfzuenmv aeyea&. Ouz zhen zhe nkce

hbuaj fnjfmkze zhe iunmzfbn. Zhe thrke Nkzfbnka Obkrj! @enerka Obkrj br PEI Obkrj kre

mbniufn` k zhee fnjfmkze `byernknme tbper zhkz kre nbz fn takme.

Tkrzfmuakrav zhe nkce MPEIM knj MPEIM mhknnea kre mbniufn`. Zhe PEI f k trb`rkc! nbz kn

fnzfzuzfbn. Zhe nkce MPEIM u`èz byerkaa trb`rkc kuzhbrfzv zhkz f nbz zhere fn trkmzfme<

henme zhe u`èzfbn zb mbnfjer fnzrbjumfn` zhe nkce mrejfz mbccfzzee knj jfzrfmz mhknnea.

_embccenjkzfbn ?.97 Fnmaujfn` k Trbiefbnka Btfnfbn fn zhe Trbmejure

Zhe trb`rkc pbuaj oeneifz irbc jfzfnùfhfn` oezpeen zhe kmzuka trbtbka knj zhe

trbiefbnka btfnfbn bn zhkz trbtbka.

Fz f fctbrzknz zb jfiierenzfkze oezpeen k trbtbka knj zhe trbiefbnka btfnfbn bn zhkz

trbtbka. Murrenzav zhe akzzer f zumlej kpkv fn k ckaa tkrk`rkth bn zhe akz tkè bi zhe

trbtbka. Fz hbuaj nbz oe zhere.

Zhe abkn ibrc kre zb oe ifaaej fn ov zhe `rbut< fz f zhefr jbmucenz! phezher br nbz zhe `rbut

kre zemhnfmkaav kfzej ov PEI zkii br buzfjer. Zhe kecenz heez trbyfje zhe

trbiefbnka btfnfbn bi trb`rkc zkii knj f zhefr jbmucenz. Zhe kecenz heez f zb mbyer k

nucoer bi tre#ez fue fn zhe bmfka knj ifnknmfka jbckfn knj mbce fn zhe ibrc bi k bne tkè

mbrfn` heez zb fnjfmkze zhe yfkofafzv bi zhe trbtbka knj zhe hknjafn` mktkmfzv bi zhe kttafmknz

`rbut. Zhf mkn oe jbne fctav vez eiiemzfyeav.

Kucfn` zhkz zhe ibaabpfn` fue pere zb oe mbnfjerej mrfzfmka fn zhe kecenz trbme!

;. ]bmfka iunmzfbnfn` bi zhe `rbut7 ènufne knj tkrzfmftkzbrv cecoerhft! `bbj `byernknme

knj aekjerhft knj hkrfn` bi fnibrckzfbn!

?. Exterfenme pfzh fnzernka kyfn` knj mrejfz kmzfyfzfe!

=. Exterfenme pfzh mbaaemzfye embnbcfm fnfzfkzfye!:. Trbter mkamuakzfbn bi oujèz br oufne takn!

56



5. Fnjfmkzfbn bi kmzuka jecknj ibr zhe fnzenjej kmzfyfzfe!

9. Mbaaemzfye cecoer fnybayecenz fn zhe trbtbej kmzfyfzfe<

zhen k mbrfn` vzec mkn oe jeyeabtej kabn` zhe ibaabpfn` afne.

Nkce Kttafmknz @rbut7

]mbre ▷

Kecenz Zbtfm

; 3 Abp? 3 Cejfuc

= 3 Hf`h

Extaknkzbrv Nbze

Kebr

;. ]bmfka iunmzfbnfn`

?. Exterfenme pfzh `rbut kyfn` knj"br mrejfz

=! Exterfenme pfzh mbaaemzfye embnbcfm kmzfyfzfe

:. Trbter mkamuakzfbn bi oujèz knj oufne takn

5. Fnjfmkzfbn bi ckrlez jecknj

9. Mbaaemzfye cecoer fnybayecenz

Zbzka ]mbre

Zhe cfnfcuc mbre pbuaj oe 9 knj zhe ckxfcuc ;8. Zhe kecenz mbuaj jeyeabt zknjkrj

umh k<

  Ibr k ;54!444 abkn zhe mbre hbuaj kz aekz oe ;5 tbfnz pfzh kaa mkze`brfe kz aekz mbrfn` ?

tbfnz.

  Ibr k ;44!444 abkn zhe mbre hbuaj kz aekz oe ;? tbfnz pfzh kz aekz mkze`brfe ;! :! 5 knj 9

mbrfn` ? tbfnz.

  Ibr k 54!444 abkn zhe mbre hbuaj kz aekz oe 6 tbfnz pfzh kz aekz mkze`brfe ;! : knj 9

mbrfn` ? tbfnz.

Zhe ibrc kre zb oe ifaaej fn ov zhe J]JB br bne br cbre bi hf br her zkii cecoer! jetenjfn`

bn exterzfe. Zhe J]JB treenz zhe kecenz ibrc pfzh zhe kttafmkzfbn kzzkmhej zb zhe

MPEIM (br Jfzrfmz Mrejfz Mbccfzzee& ibr jemffbn#cklfn`. Boyfbuav! zhe fnibrckzfbn reufrej

hbuaj kab oe fnmaujej fn zhe kttafmkzfbn ibrc.

Zhe turtbe bi zhe ibrc f zb zknjkrjfwe! bogemzfykze knj fctafiv jemffbn#cklfn`. Murrenzav

zhe J]JB fn cknv jfzrfmz f reuezej zb ibrcuakze k rembccenjkzfbn. Fz heat fi zhf f jbne fn

k zrumzurej trbme! kjjrefn` zhe kce kecenz zbtfm.

_embccenjkzfbn ?.07 Mbccunfmkzfbn knj Treenzkzfbn bi zhe Iunj

Zhe trb`rkc pbuaj oeneifz irbc maekr mbccunfmkzfbn zb tbzenzfkaav fnzerezej pbcen `rbut! k peaa k zb exzernka (abmka& zklehbajer.

Phfae fz f zrue zhkz zhe MPEIM mhknnea ov nbp hk byermbce k `bbj jeka bi zhe fnfzfka

mbccunfmkzfbn fue! zhere f zfaa zbb cumh mbniufbn krbunj kcbn` pbcen `rbut knj

bcezfce kab kcbn` jfzrfmz zkii knj eyen kcbn` MPEIM cecoer. Zhf mkaa ibr zhe

trbjumzfbn bi k aekiaez zhkz fn obzh Lfpkhfaf knj Enàfh fn fctae zerc extakfn zhe okfm bi

zhe trb`rkc<

  Zhe turtbe bi zhe MPEIM mhknnea (nbz zhe PEI kz akrè&.

  Zhe trbjumz (knj eryfme& fz hk bn biierfn`.

  Zhe zerc knj mbnjfzfbn bi zhe trbjumz.

  Zhe takme pere kttafmkzfbn ibrc (knj kjjfzfbnka fnibrckzfbn& mkn oe bozkfnej knj phere

kttafmkzfbn hkye zb oe uocfzzej.

94



  Zhe kttrbyka knj jfourecenz trbme.

  Zhe retbrzfn` knj cbnfzbrfn` krrknècenz.

  Zhe extemzej kyerkè trbmefn` zfce bi abkn kttafmkzfbn.

Boyfbuav! zhf aekiaez mkn bnav oe trbjumej kizer kaa fue cenzfbnej kobye hkye oeen k`reej

utbn.

_embccenjkzfbn ?.87 Ceezfn` Mktfzka _eufrecenz

Zhe MPEIM mhknnea f zrumzurkaav unjer#mktfzkafwej fn yfep bi obzh jecknj fn zhe

ifeaj knj Iunj zkrèz knj neej zb kmme cbre mktfzka fn brjer zb mbnbafjkze knj

`rbp.

K extakfnej! k bne#bii mktfzka fnyezcenz bi L]H ; cfaafbn ter mbnzfzuenmv br nekrav = cfaafbn

ter jfzrfmz f akrèav fnkjeukze ibr k trbter iunmzfbnfn` bi zhe Iunj. Zhkz pbuaj oe kttrbtrfkze

ibr k `rknz trb`rkc ouz pfaa nbz pbrl ibr k mrejfz trb`rkc. Zhe eenme bi k mrejfz trb`rkc f

zhkz trbtemzfye mafenz hkye tercknenz kmme zb uiifmfenz mktfzka! kz aekz fn zerc bi

tertemzfye.

Mbnfjerfn` zhkz zhe abkn kcbunz kre fnkjeukze fn cbz mke! zhkz zhere f nb jeifnfze

tertemzfye k vez ibr oeeifn` ut zhe mktfzka! knj zhkz cknv cbre `rbut pbuaj rekaav oeneifz

irbc PEI abkn! zhe mktfzka bi zhe Iunj neej zb oe mbnfjerkoav zren`zhenej zb guzfiv k

nkzfbnka treenme. K kn fnzercejfkze zkrèz! zhe Iunj mbuaj kfc ibr k mktfzka zkrèz bi 5 cfaafbn

hfaafn` ter mbnzfzuenmv br mabe zb ;5 cfaafbn ter jfzrfmz kz kyerkè. K oeibre abn` cbz bi zhe

treenzav kykfakoae ?;4 cfaafbn pfaa oe buzzknjfn` knj fz pfaa zkle kz aekz ;? cbnzh zb rembyer

zhkz mktfzka! zhe MPEIM mhknnea pfaa mbce zb iuaa zbt jurfn` cbz bi ?446 fi nbz ikfrav ufmlav k

fcfakr kcbunz pbuaj oe ckje kykfakoae.

Zhe trb`rkc hk rkfej cbcenzuc knj fz f fctbrzknz zb leet zhkz `bfn` kz zhe terfa bi

jfkttekrfn` fnzb boafyfbn. Akml bi trbtemz ibr (akrèr& ibaabp#ut abkn ckv kab kiiemz

retkvcenz jfmftafne. Fi zhe trb`rkc mkn nbz ckle maekr zhkz fz f zhere zb zkv! mafenz pfaa oe

zectzej zb ee zhefr abkn k k `rknz kizer kaa! kizer zhe trb`rkc hk fnyezej b cumh eiibrz fn

mbnyfnmfn` zhec bi zhe bttbfze. Zhere karekjv f k ckaa tfteafne oufajfn` ut bi trbtbka zhkz

ikfaej zb ceez zhe jekjafne7 kre zhee zb oe regemzej br zb oe tuz bn hbaj unzfa cbre mktfzka

oembce kykfakoae2 Kab! nep `rbut pfaa kttrbkmh zhe jfzrfmz biifme oemkue zhev bnav mkce zb

lnbp bi zhe PEI remenzav! br oemkue bnav nbp fnfzfka fjek hkye ckzurej zb zhe aeyea pere

trbtbka mkn oe ibrcuakzej7 kre zhee `rbut zb oe hbpn zhe jbbr2 ]umh kre zhe jfaecck

ikmej ov zhe J]JB fn zhe ifeaj.

_embccenjkzfbn ?.67 Eufzkoae yeru _ekafzfm _eburme Kaabmkzfbn

Zhe trb`rkc mbuaj oeneifz irbc k cfx bi eufzkoae knj rekafzfm reburme kaabmkzfbn

tbafmfe zb jfzrfmz br mbnzfzuenmfe.

Zhe zkr ez bi bne cfaafbn hfaafn` ter mbnzfzuenmv mkrrfe k merzkfn tbafzfmka ikfrne7 kaa

mbnzfzuenmfe kre eukaav fctbrzknz. Zhkz f k `bbj mbnfjerkzfbn ouz nbz nemekrfav k trkmzfmka

bne. Fn bce mbnzfzuenmfe zhere f rekjv jecknj ibr abkn! fn bzher fz zkle cumh eiibrz zb

jeyeabt zhkz jecknj< fn bce jfzrfmz zhe PEI mkn reav bn k `bbj aeyea bn hknjafn` mktkmfzvkarekjv! fn bzher fz ckv zkle cbre zfce knj eiibrz zb jb b. Zhe rfl nbp f zhkz bi zectbrkrv

9;



byer#uttav bi abkn mktfzka fn bne re`fbn knj unjeruttav fn knbzher. Hbp zb cknkè zhf

cfckzmh eiiemzfyeav pfzhbuz abfn` f`hz bi zhe eufzkofafzv bogemzfye2

K tbfoae pkv zb `b byer fz f zb ibrcuakze k rkzfb. Zhe cbz fctae f zb mbrreakze jecknj pfzh

hknjafn` mktkmfzv. Ekmh jfzrfmz (br mbnzfzuenmv& mbuaj oe rkzej7 irbc ; zb = ibr fnzknme. Fi

hknjafn` mktkmfzv f hf`h! k mbre bi = f trbyfjej! knj fi jecknj (ibr fnzknme cekurej fnnucoer bi pbcen `rbut zhe Cfnfzrv pbrl pfzh karekjv& f hf`h k peaa! knbzher = mbre pfaa

mbce buz. Kjj zhe mbre knj jfyfje ov zpb7 k cfnfcuc mbre bi ; pbuaj fnjfmkze abp mktkmfzv

knj k mbneuenz nemefzv zb rekaav fnyez fn mktkmfzv oufajfn` knj `rbut ibrckzfbn. _kzher zhkn

reeryfn` cbre mktfzka zhkn murrenzav mbuaj oe trujenzav fnyezej! zhe PEI mbuaj jemfje zb

fnyez cbre mktkmfzv oufajfn` `rknz fn zhkz krek. Kz zhe bzher exzrece! fi zhe mbre pbuaj oe k

ckxfcuc =! zhe re`fbn pbuaj oe enzfzaej ibr cbre mktfzka trbyffbn knj ae mktkmfzv oufajfn`

uttbrz.

Byer zfce! zhe ae jeyeabtej re`fbn pfaa mkzmh ut pfzh zhe cbre kjyknmej bne knj oe enzfzaej

zb cbre mktfzka. Kz zhe kce zfce fn re`fbn phere hf`her mktkmfzv f fn takme! fn jue zfce zhe

PEI mbuaj jemfje zb abp jbpn pfzh fz bpn mktfzka fnyezcenz knj! fnzekj! ibmu bn èzzfn`

zhe peaa teribrcfn` `rbut `rkjukaav eryej ov zhe ibrcka ifnknmfka emzbr.

Zhf mktfzka#zb#hknjafn` mktkmfzv rkzfb mkn oe cbjfifej pfzh k cknv bzher mbnfjerkzfbn k kre

jeecej fctbrzknz7 tbtuakzfbn jenfzv! treenme bi cfmrbifnknme knj bzher ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn!

knj b bn knj b ibrzh. Zhkz pkv ekmh jfzrfmz pbuaj hkye fz bpn ‘fnyezcenz trbifae‖ knj zhkz

pbuaj kaabp ibr jef`nfn` kn kttrbtrfkze cfx bi fnyezcenz trbjumz (abkn mktfzka knj mktkmfzv

oufajfn`& ter jfzrfmz! phfmh mbuaj eyen oe fnmaujej fn zrkze`fm knj cuazf#vekr taknnfn`

trbmee.

_embccenjkzfbn ?.;47 Mbzfn` knj _eburme Kaabmkzfbn

Zhe PEI f kjyfej zb enure zhkz ufnzeenzfka mbz fzec kre kjeukzeav mbyerej!

tkrzfmuakrav fn zhe jfzrfmz.

Afle k reùakr CIF! kab zhe MPEIM mhknnea ikme k nucoer bi unkybfjkoae mbz fzec. Oevbnj

zhe fnfzfka akunmhfn` knj cbofafwkzfbn thke! zhee kre zhe ibaabpfn`<

;. Jfzrfmz biifme zkii zfce ibr cbofafwkzfbn bi nepav tkrzfmftkzfn` `rbut! ibr fnmfjenzka uttbrz

fn trbtbka ibrcuakzfbn! ibr trbtbka kecenz! ibr tkrzfmftkzfbn fn jemffbn#cklfn`! ibr

cbnfzbrfn` abkn teribrcknme! knj ibr retbrzfn` bn zhe jfzrfmz‖ tbrzibafb! k fz pere! zb zhe

PEI ]emrezkrfkz.

?. Jfzrfmz biifme zkii zrkyea kaabpknme reakzej zb zhe kobye.=. Bmmkfbnka zrkfnfn` bi jfzrfmz biifme zkii zb enhknme mktkmfzfe knj lfaa.

:. K oujèz ibr tkvfn` zrkyea knj ibbj kaabpknme zb `rbut fnyfzej zb kzzenj ceezfn` kz zhe

jfzrfmz biifme.

5. K oujèz zb mbctenkze zhe exzernka mbccfzzee cecoer zb teribrc zhefr juzfe peaa!

phfmh ckv fnmauje bmmkfbnka tkrzfmftkzfbn fn cbnfzbrfn` yffz.

]zkii zfce jbe nbz nemekrfav neej zb oe kaabmkzej ibr fn cbnezkrv zerc< fz mbuaj oe jbne fn

zhe ibrc bi zfce kaabmkzfbn. K k ruae bi zhuco! fi cbre juzfe mbce fn zhrbu`h zhe irbnz jbbr!

bce bzher juzfe ckv hkye zb `b buz zhrbu`h zhe okml jbbr< zhkz f hbp eiifmfenz ourekumrkmfe

pbrl! tbtuakrav lnbp fn zklfn` zrkze`fe k ‘nep ibr baj‖ . Kz treenz zhere f k zenjenmv zb bii#abkj nep juzfe bn jfzrfmz zkii pfzhbuz euka mbctenkzfbn bn zhe exfz fje. K abn` k zhe

9?



trb`rkc f fn k zkrz#ut thke zhf f trbokoav unkybfjkoae `fyen mkrme tuoafm emzbr reburme

knj zhe Zekc boerye zhkz trb`rkc zkii jb nbz rekaav cfnj k abn` k zhe trb`rkc f fn zhkz

thke. Fn zhe abnèr run! hbpeyer! zhere f k rfl bi byer#ourjenfn` zkii phfmh mbuaj hkye

jezrfcenzka fctafmkzfbn ibr cbzfykzfbn.

Kaa bzher mbz kre reka mbz knj! bne pkv br zhe bzher! zhe trb`rkc neej zb oe koae zbreburme knj kaabmkze kn kjeukze ifnknmfka mbyerkè ibr zhee mbz. Zhkz f nbz kn ekv zkl ouz

zhere kre bce pkv zb ikmfafzkze zhe trbme.

Ifrz! ibr zhe iuzure zhe PEI mbuaj zrv zb jef`n k cbjuakr mbzfn` zrumzure. K okfm mbzfn`

cbjuae mbuaj oe ezkoafhej okej bn pbrlabkj knj kyerkè mbzfn` ter jfzrfmz! oefn` zhe ckfn

bterkzfbnka aeyea. Zhe turtbe bi zhe fjek f zb mbce zb ifxej kcbunz knj termenzkè. Zhe

okfm mbnmetz f zhkz bi byerhekj#ter#mktfzka buzzknjfn`. Okej bn tkz mbz exterfenme! k

jfzrfmz biifme pbuaj oe enzfzaej zb k merzkfn termenzkè ter vekr bi zhe (kyerkè& abkn mktfzka

buzzknjfn` fn zhe jfzrfmz. Zhkz kcbunz mbuaj fctav oe ckje kykfakoae zb zhe jfzrfmz okej bn

oknjpfjzh mbnfjerkzfbn ter mbz fzec. Jfzrfmz mbuaj fnmauje zhee mkamuakzfbn fn zhefr knnuka

takn.

]embnj! fz f nbz unrekafzfm zb extemz zhkz ykrfbu jbnbr kènmfe cf`hz oe fnzerezej zb

tkrzfmftkze fn zhe trb`rkc! tkrzfmuakrav kizer fz hk mbnbafjkzej knj hbpn fz eiiemzfyene.

Zhen fz f heatiua zb kttrbkmh zhee jbnbr pfzh k mkamuakzej reuez zhkz fnmbrtbrkze zhe kce

cbjuakr byerhekj iee ter cfaafbn abkn mktfzka `rknz. Zhkz pbuaj ckle kn kzzrkmzfye biier fn

mbctkrfbn pfzh zhe kazernkzfye kttrbkmh bi treenzfn` fzecfwej oujèz phere byerhekj mbz

hkye afzzae jfremz mbrreakzfbn pfzh fnyezcenz mktfzka.

Kz zhe kce zfce zhere kre byerhekj mbz kz zhe ]emrezkrfkz! zhe Kjyfbrv Obkrj knj zhe

Cfnfzrv‖ Jetkrzcenz bi @enjer knj ]bmfka Jeyeabtcenz zb oe mbyerej. Ibr zhbe zhe kcecbjuakr kttrbkmh mkn oe kttafej k ikr k zhee mbz kre jfremzav reakzej zb zhe MPEIM mhknnea7

zhe mkamuakzfbn bi k merzkfn termenzkè ter cfaafbn hfaafn` buzzknjfn`.

_embccenjkzfbn ?.;;7 Mbzfn` knj Mbz#]hkrfn`

Zhe trb`rkc neej zb oe maekr fn fz mbz zrumzure k peaa k fn extakfnfn` hbp mbz

kre oefn` mbyerej.

Fz f fctbrzknz zb oe koae zb extakfn zb mafenz! zhe pbcen `rbut! zhkz abkn trbyffbn f k mbzav

kiikfr knj zhkz jbpn zhe afne bceobjv cuz tfml ut zhe ofaa. Zhe murrenz tbafmv bi mbz#hkrfn`

oezpeen oeneifmfkrfe knj zkx tkver f ufze kttrbtrfkze unjer zhe tuoafm `bbj mbnmetzkttafej! ouz neej bce cbjfifmkzfbn k re`krj fz trkmzfme. Zhe `rbut nbp kre bi zhe btfnfbn

zhkz zhev kre oefn` zklen ibr k rfje7 kn fnzerez iree abkn hk oeen biierej! ouz 5% bi zhe abkn

kcbunz f nbz kmzukaav jeafyerej. Zhkz f okj trkmzfme! etemfkaav fn k tvmhbab`fmka ene. Fi zhe

abkn mbnzrkmz kv 54!444 zhkn zhkz f zhe kcbunz zhkz hbuaj oe jeafyerej zb zhe obrrbper< kaa

bzher krrknècenz kre ekfav mbnfjerej utemz knj ckv unjermuz zhe trb`rkc‖ tuoafm

mrejfofafzv.

K cbre zrkntkrenz menkrfb pbuaj oe zb kl zhe `rbut zb tkv zhe ?!544 utbn mbaaemzfbn bi zhe

mheue bi 54!444 kz zhe jfzrfmz biifme. Zhkz pkv zhe tkvcenz bi zhe iee knj zhe mbaaemzfbn bi zhe

abkn kcbunz kre letz etkrkze! treyenzfn` knv cfunjerzknjfn`.

9=



_embccenjkzfbn ?.;?7 _etkvcenz ]mhejuae

[ufze k iep `rbut kre koae knj pfaafn` zb retkv zhe iuaa abkn kcbunz oeibre zhe enj

bi zhe mbnzrkmz. Zhe PEI f kjyfej zb ikmfafzkze zhkz.

Ibr cknv `rbut zhe 54!444 abkn f k ckaa kiikfr. Zhev zkle zhe abkn nbnezheae ibr k ykrfezv bi

rekbn7 aeyerk`fn` zhefr bpn mktfzka! zhe werb rkze fnzerez rkze! zb kmmbccbjkze zhe PEI zhkz

fnyfzej zhec zb kttav ibr k abkn knj oemkue zhf ckaa abkn ckv trbyfje zhec kmme zb akrèr

ibaabp#ut abkn. Etemfkaav zhf akz mbnfjerkzfbn ckle bce `rbut ekèr zb retkv zhe abkn

treckzureav< oeibre zhe iuaa kcbrzfwkzfbn terfbj bi ;5 cbnzh zhkz f. K zkzej oeibre! zhe

`rbut biierfn` zhf hbrz zrkml kre koae zb retkv zhe abkn irbc ykrfbu ifnknmfka reburme.

Ibr zpb rekbn zhe PEI f kjyfej zb enmburkè umh biier. Ifrz! fz ckle ene zb trbyfje zhe

tertemzfye ibr ibaabp#ut abkn knj embnj! knj cbre mrfzfmkaav! zb erye `rbut phbe

kttafmkzfbn hkye oeen letz tenjfn` oemkue kaa zhe kykfakoae mktfzka ter mbnzfzuenmv f

buzzknjfn` karekjv. [ufml rembyerv bi buzzknjfn` abkn ikmfafzkze zhe ibrckafwkzfbn bi tenjfn`

reuez.

5.= FN]ZFZUZFBNKA AEYEA

Tbfnz bi Jetkrzure

Okfm mbnfjerkzfbn unjeravfn` zhe rembccenjkzfbn kre zhe ibaabpfn`<

;. Zhe PEI zkrzej bii pfzh k hf`h trbifae ouz afcfzej hknjafn` mktkmfzv fn takme< zhf mrekzejykrfbu zkrz#ut mhkaaenè ouz zhe Iunj hk byermbce cbz bi zhbe.

?. Zhe PEI hk jeyeabtej k ufze orbkj rknè bi bogemzfye ouz zb jkze eenzfkaav ibmue bn

bne bnav7 mrejfz jeafyerv zhrbu`h zhe zpb mhknnea.

=. Zhe ènjer kttrbkmh unjeravfn` tbafmv jeyeabtcenz f mbccenjkoae ouz fn trkmzfme hk vez

zb `rbp oevbnj k cere pbcen kttrbkmh.

:. Zhe PEI zenj zb fnuakze fzeai irbc zhe ckfnzrekc cfmrbifnknme emzbr fn Lenvk knj

mbneuenzav f nbz peaa tbfzfbnej zb fctkmz zhe jfmbure fn zhkz emzbr.

_embccenjkzfbn =.;7 ]eai#Mbnifjenme

Mbnyenzfbnka pfjbc fn cfmrbifnknme tekl buz k`kfnz tuoafm emzbr rezkfa aenjfn`<

zhe PEI! hbpeyer! f fnmrekfnàv pbrlfn` zbpkrj k mrejfoae mke bi zhe bttbfze.

Cknv `rbut ieea mbcibrzkoae pbrlfn` pfzh zhe Cfnfzrv‖ jfzrfmz biifme. Ifrz! oemkue zhev

hkye lnbpn zhe jfzrfmz zkii (fnmaujfn` zhe zkii zkzfbnej fn zhe jfyffbn& phfmh bizen aekj zb

mbrjfka reakzfbnhft tkzzern. ]embnj! oemkue zhev ieea rkzher unmbcibrzkoae pbrlfn` pfzh CIF

knj oknl phen kttrbkmhfn` zhee fnzfzuzfbn pfzh reuez ibr phbaekae `rbut abkn. Fn

nekrav kaa mke zhe CIF tuz ut kaa lfnj bi reufrecenz knj zhere kapkv eec zb oe kz aekz

bne zhe `rbut mkn nbz tbfoav ceez! frretemzfye bi zhe ukafzv bi zhefr trbtbka.

Zhf f mrfzfmka eaecenz fn zhe akrè jecknj ibr PEI abkn7 zhe kmme fue. Phfae fz f nbz zruezhkz Lenvkn pbcen hkye ae kmme zhkn cen zb cfmrbifnknme! fz f yerv cumh zrue zhkz pbcen

9:



`rbut hkye afzzae zb nb kmme zb kiibrjkoae `rbut abkn. Zhkz f zhe ckgbr guzfifmkzfbn ibr zhe

MPEIM mhknnea. Fz kab f zhe ckgbr guzfifmkzfbn ibr kn kmmeaerkzej `rbpzh bi zhkz mhknnea knj!

k umh! mkn oe uej k k ckgbr okr`kfnfn` krùcenz ov zhe PEI.

]bce eai#mbnifjenme f zhereibre guzfifej. Fz f fctbrzknz zhbu`h zb oe tremfe fn

krùcenzkzfbn. Zhere f merzkfn zenjenmv zb trbifae zhe MPEIM mhknnea ov pkv bi abperkttremfkzfbn bi zhe mbunzrv‖ oknl knj CIF. Zhkz aekj zb kn unmbcibrzkoae tbfzfbn oemkue

;? retreenzkzfye bi zhee fnzfzuzfbn kab tkrzfmftkze fn zhe PEI knj kmrb zhe obkrj zhev

pbrl hkrj zb ckle k umme bi zhe CIF mhknnea! phfmh cumh oe kmlnbpaejèj.

Zhe mrfzfmka krùcenz fn zhf retemz f nbz zhkz zhe bne mhknnea f oezzer zhkn zhe bzher! ouz zhkz

fz erye jfiierenz mafenz! reufrfn` k jfiierenz jeafyerv cezhbjbab`v.

_embccenjkzfbn =.?7 _eyfepfn` Kaa PEI Bogemzfye

Nbp zhkz mrejfz jeafyerv f unjer pkv! zhe PEI cf`hz reyfep kaa fz zkzej bogemzfye

knj mbnfjer jef`nfn` temfifm kmzfyfzfe ibr zhe nbn#mrejfz kmzfyfzfe k peaa.

Jurfn` zhe ifrz vekr bi bterkzfbn nekrav kaa kzzenzfbn pk jeybzej zb akunmhfn` zhe zpb mrejfz

mhknnea. Fz f zhereibre zfce zb zkle ut zhe bzher PEI bogemzfye k peaa knj mbce zb

ibrcuakzfn` bogemzfye fn zhf krek.

Bne tkrzfmuakr kmzfyfzv zhkz mbce zb cfnj f zb jb cbre kmzfbn reekrmh bn ènjer#reakzej

kmme fue fn cfmrbifnknme fn Lenvk. Ykrfbu zujfe hkye oeen mbctaezej karekjv bn ènerka

kmme fue! ouz zhe ènjer mbctbnenz zherefn f rkzher zhfn. Zhe PEI f unfueav takmej fn

zhf retemz k fn obzh mhknnea k pekazh bi fnibrckzfbn mkn oe bozkfnej ov zkalfn` zb mafenz k

peaa k abkn biifmer knj jfzrfmz zkii.

_euaz irbc umh reekrmh kre zb ieej fnzb zhe kjybmkmv knj aboov kmzfyfzfe zhe PEI kfc zb

unjerzkle. Fz pbuaj kttekr zb oe tbfoae zb jef`n kmzfyfzfe fn zhf krek fn mbaakobrkzfbn pfzh

zhe CIF tkrzfmftkzfn` fn zhe trb`rkc! zhe Kbmfkzfbn bi Cfmrbifnknme Fnzfzuzfbn bi Lenvk

(KCIF&! jbnbr kènmfe pfzh kn fnzerez fn zhe uogemz knj bce fnzernkzfbnka fnzfzuzfbn zhkz

hkye k zrkml rembrj fn zhf krek umh k zhe Unfyerfzv bi Okzh fn zhe UL.

_embccenjkzfbn =.=7 Makfcfn` k Takme k Trkmzfzfbner

Nbp zhkz zhe PEI eiiemzfyeav hk oembce k cfmrbifnknme trkmzfzfbner (zhrbu`h zhe

MPEIM mhknnea&! fz mbuaj treenz fzeai k umh.

Fn Lenvk zhere f bn`bfn` jeokze bn zhe teribrcknme! mbure knj iuzure bi zhe cfmrbifnknme

emzbr. Fn ènerka! murrenz jeyeabtcenz zenj zb ibmu bn fctrbyfn` kmme zb cbre ckzure

mafenz! aekyfn` k eryfme `kt kz zhe obzzbc bi zhe tvrkcfj. Zhe MPEIM mhknnea mkn oe

tbfzfbnej k k cfmrbifnknme trb`rkc zhkz kfc zb mbnzrfouze zb ifafn` zhkz `kt. Ouz zhe PEI f

nbz zhe bnav kzzectz. Zhere zfaa kre cknv cfmrbifnknme N@B knj bzher eryfme trbyfjer zhkz

pbrl zbpkrj zhe kce bogemzfye. _emenz Cfmrbifnknme _eùakzfbn! hbpeyer! jbe mbnzkfn iep

reierenme zb eryfn` zhf obzzbc tkrz bi zhe ckrlez. Fz ènerkaav trbcbze k cbre mbccermfka

kttrbkmh fn zhe fnjuzrv knj kmzbr pbrlfn` cbre bn k tbyerzv takzibrc kre fnmrekfnàv ckje

uogemz zb ruae knj reùakzfbn zhkz trfckrfav oeneifz cbre mbccermfka bterkzbr.

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Fz cf`hz oe k ueiua u`èzfbn ibr zhe PEI zb zkle zbml bi phkz bzher kmzbr fnzerezej fn

eryfn` zhe abper orkmlez kre jbfn`! phkz bozkmae zhev kre ikmfn`! knj phkz pbuaj oe

reufrej zb `fye zhec cbre aeepkv knj uttbrz zb rekmh cbre mafenz pfzh kiibrjkoae knj

kttrbtrfkze trbjumz knj eryfme.

Zhkz pkv! terhkt k mbkafzfbn mbuaj oe ibrcej fn jue zfce zhkz mkaa ibr temfifm kzzenzfbn zberyfn` tbbr rurka pbcen! zhe cbz exmaujej mkze`brv bi mafenz fn zhe mbunzrv. Zhf mbkafzfbn

mbuaj treenz fzeai fn zhe jfmbure knj trbcbze cekure zhkz pbuaj ikmfafzkze zhe fnmaufbn bi

zhee mafenz fn eryfme jeafyerv unjer zerc zhev mkn hknjae. KCIF pbuaj ureav oe koae knj

pfaafn` zb heat zhe PEI fjenzfivfn` bzher kmzbr zhkz pbrl zbpkrj zhe kce bogemzfye.

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KNNEX ;7 AFZE_KZU_E BYE_YFEP

Fnzernkzfbnka ]zknjkrj

Zhe Mbbrjfnkzfn` @rbut zb Kfz zhe Tbbr (M@KT& f k àboka cecoerhft nezpbrl bi

ckgbr jbnbr kènmfe! jeyeabtcenz oknl knj fnyezbr kmzfye fn cfmrbifnknme. Fz f okej fn

Pkhfn`zbn! J.M.! kjcfnfzerej ov zhe Pbraj Oknl knj pfjeav mbnfjerej zb tekl knj prfze

pfzh kuzhbrfzv. Zhe ibaabpfn` jbmucenz kre fctbrzknz fn ezzfn` zhe pfje mbnenu bn

fnzernkzfbnka zknjkrj fn zhe emzbr.

Lev Trfnmftae bi Cfmrbifnknme! Gknukrv ?44:! f zhe ckfn jbmucenz zhkz mbnzkfn zhe eaeyen

trfnmftae eaemzej k mrfzfmka fn ibzerfn` zhe `rbpzh knj ukafzv bi cfmrbifnknme. _eaeyknz ibr

zhe PEI kre zhe ibaabpfn`.

Trfnmftae :7 Ifnknmfka uzkfnkofafzv f nemekrv zb rekmh f`nfifmknz nucoer bi tbbr tebtae.

Trfnmftae 57 Cfmrbifnknme f kobuz oufajfn` tercknenz abmka ifnknmfka fnzfzuzfbn.

Trfnmftae 07 Fnzerez rkze mefafn` mkn jkckè tbbr tebtae‖ kmme zb ifnknmfka eryfme.

Trfnmftae 87 Zhe `byerncenz‖ rbae f k kn enkoaer! nbz k k jfremz eryfme trbyfjer bi ifnknmfka

eryfme.

K krùej fn zhe kecenz retbrz! zhee trfnmftae kre nbz enzfreav unjftuzej! ouz fz f

fctbrzknz zb rekafwe zhkz cbz jbnbr! fnyezbr knj jeyeabtcenz oknl uomrfoe zb zhec. Fn

trkmzfme fz cekn zhkz jemffbn zb jeyfkze irbc zhe trfnmftae hbuaj oe peaa cbzfykzej kz zhe

terfa bi oefn` kmmuej bi ‘tbbr trkmzfme‖.

Fn Zhe _bae bi @byerncenz fn Cfmrbifnknme! Gune ?44:! M@KT pbrlej buz Trfnmftae 8. Unjer zhehekjfn` Phkz Lfnj bi @byerncenz Fnzeryenzfbn Hkrc zhe Jeyeabtcenz bi Cfmrbifnknme ! ibur

zvte bi fnzeryenzfbn kre mbnfjerej hkrciua. Zhe ifrz f zb fnyble fnzerez mefafn` ibr zhe

jbcezfm emzbr kz akrè! phfmh f nbz zhe mke fn Lenvk. Zhe embnj f zhe trbyffbn bi mrejfz kz

zhe rezkfa aeyea! oemkue `byerncenz cfnfzrfe knj trbgemz cknkècenz unfz uukaav akml zhe

zemhnfmka lfaa knj tbafzfmka fnjetenjenme neejej zb cknkè cfmrbmrejfz trb`rkc. Zhf f kn

krùcenz zhkz kttafe zb zhe PEI! k krùej fn zhe retbrz. Zhfrj! zhe uofjfwkzfbn bi mrejfz f

jfkttrbyej bi oemkue uofjfwej aenjfn` f uukaav kbmfkzej pfzh hf`h jeikuaz aeyea knj fz

kobro mkrme tuoafm reburme zhkz neej mbnzknz retaenfhcenz. Iurzhercbre fz jfzbrz

ckrlez! hkcterfn` zhe jeyeabtcenz bi uzkfnkoae aenjer knj enmburkè renz#eelfn`

oehkyfbr. Zhe PEI jbe uofjfwe fnzerez rkze fn obzh mhknnea. Iburzh! M@KT pkrn k`kfnz

`byerncenz fnzerierenme fn `byernknme br cknkècenz bi trfykze emzbr fnzfzuzfbn. Zhf f nbz

zhe mke fn Lenvk kazhbu`h zhe PEI jbe fnyfze cknkèr bi trfykze knj ecf#trfykze CIF zb

aenj zb mafenz kz oeabp#ckrlez fnzerez rkze.

K cbre jezkfaej yerfbn bi zhee tbafmv mbnfjerkzfbn mkn oe ibunj fn zhe ifrz fue bi M@KT‖

Cfmrbifnknme knj _urka Ifnknme Bterkzfbnka Nbze ibr Pbraj Oknl ]zkii erfe! zfzaej

Cfmrbifnknme knj ]bmfka Iunj7 @ufjeafne ibr Cfmrbifnknme fn Tbyerzv#Ibmuej! Cuazf#]emzbrka

Trbgemz! Kuùz ?44=.

Phfae zhf termetzfbn mkn oe mbnfjerej mbnfzenz knj ab`fmka! fz jbe nbz knper zhe uezfbn

hbp zb rekmh tbbr tebtae zhkz hkye nb kmme zb nbn#uofjfwej CIF. M@KT jbe nbz biier kreka knper zb zhkz! exmetz ibr pkfzfn` ibr zhee CIF zb `rkjukaav rekmh zhee mafenz k zhee

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fnzfzuzfbn oembce cbre eiiemzfye knj fnmreke zhefr buzrekmh< unzfa zhe ckrlez jbe fz pbrl!

zhkz f. Fn zhe ceknzfce! fz f rembccenjej zb jeyeabt k trk`ckzfm tbfzfbn knj ibr zhkz knbzher

trfnmftae pk ibrcuakzej7

Trfnmftae 97 Cfmrbmrejfz f nbz kapkv zhe knper.

Zhf trfnmftae krùe zhkz cfmrbmrejfz f nbz kttrbtrfkze ibr eyervbne br eyerv fzukzfbn knj zhkzzhe hun`rv br jezfzuze phb hkye nb fnmbce br cekn bi retkvcenz neej bzher ibrc bi

uttbrz oeibre zhev mkn ckle ue bi abkn. Zhe kecenz retbrz boerye zhkz fn Lenvk zhe

fzukzfbn f cbre mbctafmkzej zhkn zhkz. Zhe tbfnz f zhkz cknv tbbr kre nbz unkoae zb retkv

abkn! ouz hkye jfiifmuazfe kmmefn` abkn bn zerc zhev mkn hknjae! ceknfn` zhkz zhe ckrlez

hk nbz rekmhej zhec eiiemzfyeav. Pkfzfn` ibr zhkz zb hktten f k enfoae zrkze`v irbc k uttav

fje tertemzfye! ouz ckv oe mbnfjerej tbafzfmkaav br bmfkaav fnbttbrzune irbc k jecknj fje

tertemzfye.

Kaa M@KT tuoafmkzfbn mkn oe jbpnabkjej jfremzav irbc fz peofze7 ppp.m`kt.br` br irbc zhe

M@KT reakzej reburme oke kz ppp.cfmrbifnknme`kzepkv.br

Cfmrbifnknme fn Lenvk

Zhere f nb remenz mbctrehenfye byeryfep bi zhe Lenvkn cfmrbifnknme emzbr kykfakoae.

Bne bi zhe cbz ueiua jbmucenz f Ifnknmfka Kmme fn Lenvk! _euaz bi zhe ?449 Nkzfbnka

]uryev ! Bmzboer ?440! tuoafhej ov IfnKmme unjer zhe Ifnknmfka ]emzbr Jeetenfn` trb`rkc.

Zhf jbmucenz ibmue bn zhe jecknj fje fn zhe emzbr knj hbp zhkz zhe ckgbrfzv bi Lenvkn

hk nb kmme kz kaa! br bnav kmme zb fnibrcka vzec. Akml bi kmme! hbpeyer! jbe nbz

jfremzav zrknakze fnzb uncez jecknj. Nbz kaa Lenvkn pfzhbuz kmme kre bi zhe btfnfbn zhkz

zhev pbuaj oeneifz irbc kmme< efzher oemkue zhev pbuaj nbz lnbp phkz zb ue k abkn ibr br

hbp zb retkv fz br buz bi iekr bi fnjeozejne. Zhe jbmucenz mbnyfnmfnàv hbp zhkz eyenzhbu`h zhe cfmrbifnknme f `rbpfn` exmetzfbnkaav ikz! zhere kre zfaa cknv phfze tbz bn zhe

ckt. Zhf jbmucenz f jbpnabkjkoae irbc zhe Fnzernez.

Kn fnzerezfn` zujv f K Mbctkrkzfye Knkavf bi Cecoer#Okej Cfmrbifnknme Fnzfzuzfbn fn

Ekz knj Pez Kirfmk ov _enæe Mhkb#Oærbii knj bzher! tuoafhe ov Cfmrb]kye Kirfmk fn Ckrmh

?444. Fz mbctkre zhe jeyeabtcenz bi zhe ]KMMB emzbr fn obzh re`fbn knj mbnmauje zhkz fn

Ekz Kirfmk trb`re knj tbafmv jeyeabtcenz pk mbnfjerkoav abper fn zerc bi kjbtzfn` k

ènjer ibmu! orbkjenfn` zhe zrkjfzfbnka rurka mafenz oke! ckae mkh mrbt ikrcer! knj afnlfn` ut

pfzh nep bafjkrfzv#okej kyfn` knj mrejfz vzec. Cbre ikmzuka fnibrckzfbn bn ]KMMB f zb

oe ibunj fn Henrv B. Blezmh knj Gbeth O. Lfabh! _etbrz bi k ]zujv bn ]zkzu knj Tbzenzfka bi

Mbccunfzv#Okej ]KMMB! ]kyfn knj Mrejfz Kbmfkzfbn knj _bzkzfn` ]kyfn` knj Mrejfz

Kbmfkzfbn fn Lenvk! Jemecoer ?44=! mbccffbnej ov zhe Mb#bterkzfye Oknl bi Lenvk knj

zhe ]pejfh Mb#bterkzfye Menzer.

K re`krj Lenvk‖ nkzfbnka cfmrbifnknme tbafmv! zhe kmz fzeai mkn oe jbpnabkjej irbc zhe

peofze bi zhe Kbmfkzfbn bi Cfmrbifnknme Fnzfzuzfbn (KCIF&7 ppp.kciflenvk.br`. Zhe kce

fze mbnzkfn zhe cfnuze bi ykrfbu ceezfn` bi zhe Nkzfbnka Cfmrbifnknme Tbafmv Ibruc

oezpeen CIF cknkèr knj `byerncenz biifmfka bn zhe jef`n bi zhe kmz! reyekafn` zhe ckgbr

trebmmutkzfbn bn obzh fje. Zhe kce fze biier bce zenzkzfye byeryfep bi zhe fwe bi zhe

cfmrbifnknme emzbr fn Lenvk. Fz ezfckzej zhkz ter cfj ?44= =.8 cfaafbn mafenz jetenjej

enzfreav bn CIF! ifnknmfka N@B! mbbt knj zhe Lenvk Tbz Biifme ]kyfn` Oknl ibr ifnknmfkaeryfme jeafyerv pherek ;.; cfaafbn jetenjej bn fnibrcka kbmfkzfbn knj `rbut. Zhe

98

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re`fzerej tkrz bi zhe uttav fje pk ckje ut bi ==60 mbbt knj fcfakr cecoer#okej

fnzfzuzfbn! 59 cfmrbifnknme fnzfzuzfbn! : mbccermfka oknl! ? oufajfn` bmfezfe knj zhe Tbz

Biifme ]kyfn` Oknl. Fn kjjfzfbn! zhe fnibrcka tkrz bi zhe emzbr pk ckje ut bi ;0!=45 _B]MK!

;;9!444 re`fzerej pbcen `rbut knj ;=:? trfckrv k`rfmuazurka trbjumer knj ckrlezfn`

mbbterkzfye bmfezfe.

Mbnfjerfn` ènjer knj cfmrbifnknme! cbz fnzrumzfye jbmucenz kre ]ukn Gbhnbn! Zkmlafn`

zhe ‘Irbnzfer‖ bi Cfmrbifnknme Trbyffbn fn Lenvk7 _ekmhfn` _ecbzer Krek pfzh Ifnknmfka ]eryfme!

Gune ?44:! Oerne (Menzer ibr Jeyeabtcenz ]zujfe! Unfyerfzv bi Okzh& knj! ov zhe kce kuzhbr!

@enjer Nbrc fn Ifnknmfka Ckrlez7 Eyfjenme irbc Lenvk! fn Pbraj Jeyeabtcenz Yba. =?! Nb. 8!

?44:. Obzh krzfmae fn jezkfa knkavwe ènjer#reakzej bozkmae kz ykrfbu aeyea (hbuehbaj!

mbccunfzv knj bmfezv kz akrè& knj kjybmkze fn ikybr bi aeyea#ibmuej fnzeryenzfbn zrkze`fe.

Kab fnzerezfn` f Off Kjeaeve#Ikvecf! Ezkoafhfn` bi k Zruz Iunj ibr Kirfmkn Pbcen‖

Embnbcfm Ectbpercenz7 K Mke ]zujv bi zhe Kirfmkn Pbcen‖ Jeyeabtcenz Iunj knj Btzfbn

ibr zhe Kirfmkn Unfbn! nb jkze (trbokoav ?448&! tuoafhej ov zhe Kirfmkn Unfbn. Fz reyeka bce bi

zhe fnzfzuzfbnka fnzrfmkmfe fnherenz irbc zhe mbcofnkzfbn bi runnfn` k iunj trbiefbnkaav knj

kz zhe kce zfce enurfn` zhkz ènjer#reaeyknz mbnfjerkzfbn pfaa nbz oe byerhkjbpej ov zhe

jecknj ibr fnzfzuzfbnka trbiefbnkafc. Bn zhe fnzer#reakzfbnhft oezpeen ènjer knj

enzretreneurhft k `bbj zujv mkce irbc Zknwknfk7 Gbo! @enjer knj ]ckaa Enzertrfe fn

Kirfmk< Treafcfnkrv _etbrz7 Pbcen Enzretreneur fn Zknwknfk! Bmzboer ?44?! Unfyerfzv bi Jkr e

]kakkc Enzretreneurhft Menzre (UJEM&. Zhf zujv f br tkrzfmuakr fctbrzknme fn yfep bi

turufn` zhe PEI‖ bogemzfye bzher zhkn mrejfz trbyffbn. Fz akv buz k irkcepbrl ibr kjjfzfbnka

kjybmkmv knj uttbrz zrkze`fe.

K re`krj zhe tbzenzfkaav ne`kzfye fctkmz bi mbccermfkafwkzfbn bn kjherenme zb ènjer tbafmfe!

ee zhe kmmbunz bi zhe ibrcer exemuzfye jfremzbr bi bne bi Wkcofk‖ cbz retuzej CIF!MEZWKC7 Frene L.O. Cuzkafck! Cfmrbifnknme knj @enjer Eufzv7 Kre Pe @ezzfn` Zhere2! nb

takme! (trbokoav Auklk& nb jkze (?44:"?445&! jbpnabkjkoae irbc zhe Fnzernez.

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KNNEX ?7 JKZK I_BC ZHE IFEAJ

Trbme

Kz zhe reuez bi zhe PEI knj fn mbnibrcfzv pfzh zhe Zerc bi _eierenme ibr zhe rktfjkecenz! zhe mbnuazknz zkrzej zhefr kmzfyfzfe pfzh zhe ibrcuakzfbn bi kn eakobrkze

Fnmetzfbn Takn. Zhf takn ibaabpej k jbuoae zrkze`v ibr jkzk mbaaemzfbn. Ifrz! zhe mbnuazknz

pbuaj yffz cknv Cfnfzrv jfzrfmz fn brjer zb ceez Cfnfzrv zkii! mafenz knj zhe abmka

Mbnzfzuenmv PEI Mbccfzzee. ]embnj! Cfnfzrv zkii kz jfzrfmz aeyea pbuaj mbctfae okfm ez

bi jkzk irbc zhefr bpn kjcfnfzrkzfbn. Zb zhkz enj b#mkaaej K knj O uezfbnnkfre pere

jef`nej knj ibrpkrjej zb zhe jfzrfmz zekc. Zhe K afz pk zb ènerkze ènerka fnibrckzfbn

kobuz zhe jfzrfmz knj mbccfzzee umh k bn nucoer bi ceezfn`! ckrlezfn` knj trbcbzfbn

kmzfyfzfe unjerzklen zb tbtuakrfwe zhe PEI! retbne knj ieejokml remefyej! zrkfnfn` knj

mktkmfzv oufajfn` kmzfyfzfe taknnej br fctaecenzej! ezm. Zhe O afz pk zb zkle zbml bi zhe kmzuka

aenjfn` kmzfyfzfe7 reuez ibr abkn remefyej! kfzknme trbyfjej fn bafmfzfn` zhbe! trbtbka

mbnfjerej br trbmeej! jemffbn zklen! abkn jfourej! retkvcenz remefyej! `rbut

cbnfzbrej! ezm. Okej bn zhf fnibrckzfbn! zhe mbnuazknz pbuaj zhen fnzeryfep kaa fnybayej knj

kl ibr u`èzfbn zb iurzher jeyeabt zhe trb`rkc.

Unibrzunkzeav zhf trbme jfj nbz pbrl buz peaa. Fn tfze bi retekzej ibaabp#ut fnufrfe ov zhe

PEI zkii kz hekjukrzer fn Nkfrbof yerv iep uezfbnnkfre pere ifaaej fn knj rezurnej. Jurfn`

zhe yffz zb zhe jfzrfmz zhe rekbn unibajej. K ckgbr bne pk zhe akml bi kn kjeukze okfm

kjcfnfzrkzfye vzec kz jfzrfmz aeyea7 zhe fnibrckzfbn reuezej fctav pk nbz kykfakoae knj

ibr cknv jfzrfmz fz pk nbz tbfoae zb rembnzfzuze zhkz fnibrckzfbn bn zhe reakzfyeav hbrz

nbzfme zhkz mbce pfzh k rktfj kecenz exermfe. K embnj rekbn fn cknv mke pk

unikcfafkrfzv pfzh zhf zvte bi uezfbnnkfre knj afcfzej mktkmfzv fn jekafn` pfzh eaemzrbnfmuryev jue zb akml bi uttbrzfn` euftcenz knj fnzernez kmme.

Hbpeyer! fn ceezfn` pfzh Cfnfzrv zkii fn zhe jfzrfmz knj retreenzkzfye bi zhe pbcen

`rbut! fz uukaav pk tbfoae zb èz zhe okfm fnibrckzfbn kizer kaa! etemfkaav k re`krj zhe O

afz. Fn zhkz trbme knbzher bozkmae oemkce yffoae. Cbre bizen zhkn nbz! jfzrfmz zkii pere

unfnibrcej kobuz zhe zkzu bi tenjfn` trbtbka7 phere zhev kttrbyej! regemzej! zfaa oefn`

trbmeej br tuz bn hbaj fn Nkfrbof2 Jue zb zhe menzrkafwej jemffbn#cklfn` trbme knj oeakvej

ieejokml irbc hekjukrzer zb zhe jfzrfmz! kbmfkzej pfzh hknjafn` mktkmfzv trboaec kz

nkzfbnka aeyea! cknv jfzrfmz zkii pere nbz koae zb extakfn zhe exkmz zkzu bi k trbtbka. Pfzh

zhe heat bi PEI hekjukrzer zkii kmmbctknvfn` zhe mbnuazknz fn zhe ifeaj zhkz makrfzv mbuaj oe

mrekzej.

K embnj bozkmae ikmej pk zhkz zhe mbnuazknz pere unkoae zb yffz jfzrfmz fn kaa trbyfnme! k

brf`fnkaav ibreeen fn zhe Fnmetzfbn Takn! jue zb ykrfbu afcfzkzfbn. Hbpeyer! fn zhe enj kaa

trbyfnme pere yffzej nbnezheae. Zhe btzfbn mhben pk zb hkye PEI zkii zhkz ekrafer hkj

kmmbctknfej zhe mbnuazknz yffzfn` zhe reckfnfn` iep trbyfnme pfzh zhe kce okfm

uezfbnnkfre uej ov zhe mbnuazknz.

_euaz

Kazhbu`h zhe cezhbjbab`v kttafej pk nbz enzfreav ummeiua fi ez bii k`kfnz zheFnmetzfbn Takn! zhe mbnuazknz kre bi zhe btfnfbn zhkz zhf fcteriemzfbn jfj nbz f`nfifmknzav

04



fctkmz zhe reuaz bi zhe jkzk `kzherfn` trbme. Zhe rekbn f zhkz zhe retbne fn kaa jfzrfmz

pk reckrlkoav unfibrc. Pe mkn zkle bne bi zhe oezzer jbmucenzej ifeaj zrft retbrz k k

ènerka reierenme tbfnz knj exzrktbakze irbc zhere! okej bn bzher retbrz. Zhe tkrzfmuakr

jbmucenz reierrej zb f zhe bne mbctbej ov PEI zkii okej bn yffz zb Ekzern! Nkfrbof knj

_fiz Ykaaev trbyfnme.

Ibmu @rbut Jfmufbn (I@J&

Fn kaa jfzrfmz zhe tkzzern pk zhkz zhe jfzrfmz zkii fnyfzej tkrzfmftknz irbc ykrfbu `rbut7

zhbe phbe kttafmkzfbn hkj oeen kmmetzej! zhbe phbe kttafmkzfbn hkj oeen regemzej! zhbe

phb hkj nbz uocfzzej kn kttafmkzfbn knj zhbe phbe kttafmkzfbn pere letz tenjfn` br zfaa

oefn` trbmeej. Fn kjjfzfbn! pere tbfoae retreenzkzfye irbc zhe MPEIM pere treenz k

peaa. Uukaav zhe ceezfn` pere mhkfrej ov zhe Jfzrfmz ]bmfka Jeyeabtcenz Biifmer knj kzzenjej

ov hf br her zkii. Kyerkè kzzenjknme fn zhe mke mbyerej ov zhe retbrz pk nfne terbn k

re`krj `rbut retreenzkzfye. Fn bzher mke! etemfkaav fn Nkfrbof trbyfnme! kzzenjknme mbuaj

oe jbuoae zhkz kcbunz.

Kmme zb Ifnknme

Nekrav kaa `rbut fnzeryfepej hkj nb br bnav yerv afcfzej kmme zb ifnknme. Kab fnjfyfjuka `rbut

cecoer ikmej trboaec kmmefn` abkn irbc ezkoafhej CIF. Fn cknv fnzknme umh

fnjfyfjuka cecoer kttrbkmhfn` CIF tkrzfmftkzfn` fn zhe PEI‖ CIF mhknnea pere zbaj zhkz fz

pk nbz tbfoae zb kmme k abp#mbz PEI abkn< fnzekj zhev mbuaj! kz oez! kttav ibr bne bi zhe

CIF‖ reùakr knj cbre extenfye trbjumz.9

Fn ènerka! pbcen krùej zhkz kmmefn` abkn irbc CIF pk (treuckoav& ekfer zhkn

kmmefn` k abkn irbc zhe Cfnfzrv mhknnea. Tkrkjbxfmkaav! hbpeyer! bnav yerv iep pbcen hkj

cknkèj zb bozkfn kn fnjfyfjuka br `rbut abkn irbc kn CIF. Zhe ibaabpfn` rekbn pere

ireuenzav cenzfbnej.  CIF knj oknl uukaav reufrej mbaakzerka fn zhe ibrc bi zfzae jeej br cbzbr yehfmae ab`

obbl phfmh zhe pbcen fctav jfj nbz hkye.

  Zhe fnfzenme bn bterkzfn` k kyfn` kmmbunz ibr kz aekz fx cbnzh oeibre k abkn

kttafmkzfbn mbuaj oe uocfzzej knj zhe mbnzfnuej reùakr kyfn` boaf`kzfbn jurfn` zhe abkn

retkvcenz terfbj.

  Hf`h fnzerez rkze.

  Zhe mbccbn termetzfbn zhkz CIF knj oknl pere bnav zkrèzfn` ‘rfmh pbcen fn of`

oufne‖.

  Jfmburkècenz irbc zhefr huoknj< tkrzfmuakrav fn k jfzrfmz pere cknv cen hkj jeikuazej

bn zhefr abkn pfzh zhe reuaz bi zhe ikcfav kez oefn` ibremabej.

Oufne Exterfenme knj Fnmbce Kmzfyfzfe

Pbcen kre en`kèj fn k pfje rknè bi embnbcfm kmzfyfzfe. Zhee mkn oe `rbutej fnzb

hknjfmrkiz (tbzzerv! oklez! oekj! rbte! ckz! ecorbfjerv! ezm&! hbce ikrcfn` (cuhrbbc!

yeèzkoae! iabper knj zree nurerfe! ezm&! eryfme (hkfr#jrefn`! zkfabrfn`! nurerv mhbba!

jre cklfn`! ezm.&! zrkje (ouvfn` knj eaafn`7 mereka! `bkz! mbp& knj ifnknmfka fnzercejfkzfbn

(reybayfn` abkn iunj knj cerrv#`b#rbunj&. Fn kjjfzfbn fn kacbz eyerv `rbut zhere kre kz aekz

9 Pe nbp lnbp zhkz fn cknv mke zhf trbokoav pk jue zb zpb tkrzfmuakr ikmzbr. Ifrz! CIF tkrzfmftkzfn` fn

zhe CIF mhknnea uukaav kttafej k trb#kmzfye tbafmv7 zhev kjyerzfej ibr zhe temfka trbjumz knj pfzhfn k iepjkv zhe ckxfcuc kcbunz bi tbzenzfka mafenz hkj oeen rekmhej. ]embnj! zhe abp#jbpn bi iurzher mktfzka

trbyffbn irbc zhe PEI zb zhe CIF fn cknv mke jfj nbz kaabp ibr kzzrkmzfn` nep PEI mafenz.

0;



bne bi zpb pbcen en`kèj fn bmfka pbrl7 kmzfye fn trbgemz ibr brthkn! pfjbp knj tebtae

afyfn` pfzh HFY"Kfj.

Zvtfmkaav! abkn trbtbka uocfzzej zb zhe Cfnfzrv mhknnea rkreav fnmaujej nep kmzfyfzfe. Fn

nekrav kaa mke zhev fnmaujej oufne br fnmbce ènerkzfn` trbtbka zhe `rbut cecoer pere

karekjv ikcfafkr pfzh. Fn hbrz! zhen! `rbut cecoer k k ruae kre nbz fnexterfenmej< zhev krenbz zkrz#ut oufne pbcen.

Lnbpaejè kobuz zhe PEI

Fn ènerka pbcen pere ufze taekej pfzh zhe PEI! etemfkaav zhe Cfnfzrv mhknnea fnme zhev

hkj nb kmme zb zhe CIF mhknnea! k fz pk ‘temfifmkaav ibr pbcen‖. Fn ykrfbu jfzrfmz zhf pk

reakzej zb k merzkfn knzftkzhv zbpkrj CIF phere zhev ieaz jfmrfcfnkzej knj zrekzej pfzh

hbzfafzv. Kaa pbcen unjerzbbj zhkz k PEI abkn pk nbz k mbnmekaej `byerncenz `rknz knj

zhkz zhe PEI pk kobuz embnbcfm ectbpercenz bi pbcen. Jfzrfmz zkii hkye takvej k

trbcfnenz rbae fn enfzfwkzfbn.

Pbcen aekrnej kobuz zhe PEI irbc ykrfbu reburme7 zhe cejfk! zhe Cfnfzrv‖ jfzrfmz zkii k

peaa k bzher mfyfa eryknz knj abmka CT.

Mhkaaenè

K re`krj zhe Cfnfzrv mhknnea‖ hknjafn` mktkmfzv! fz pk nbzej zhkz obzh zhe jfzrfmz zkii knj

MPEIM akmlej cekn bi zrkntbrzkzfbn knj ceka kaabpknme cklfn` fz yerv jfiifmuaz zb jb k

trbter gbo knj `rkjukaav unjermuzzfn` zhefr cbzfykzfbn zb mbnzfnue tkrzfmftkzfbn.

Iurzhercbre! zb cknv fz pk unmaekr hbp zhe trbmefn` iabp mhkrz pk jef`nej knj uttbej

zb iunmzfbn bnme trbtbka hkj oeen tbfzfyeav kjyfej utbn kz jfzrfmz aeyea. Zhf aeiz abmka zkii

fn k zkze bi heataene k fz pere! k zhev mbuaj nbz juav fnibrc zhe kttafmknz. Zhf trboaec`bz of`èr zhe abnèr fz zbbl zb krrfye kz ifnka jemffbn cklfn` (ut zb bne vekr&. Fn bce mke zhf

reuazej fn utfmfbn kcbn` `rbut cecoer zbpkrj `rbut aekjer k zhee pere kmmuej bi

hkyfn` kttrbtrfkzej zhe abkn. Kab! `rbut ieea zhkz PEI hekjukrzer zkii hbuaj oembce cbre

kmzfyeav fnybayej fn `rbut knj abkn kecenz knj cbnfzbrfn`. Akzav! utbn kttrbyka bi k abkn fz

reckfn unmaekr phkz zhe rbae bi zhe jfzrfmz biifme f k re`krj abkn cbnfzbrfn`.

K re`krj trfmfn`! zhe `rbut kttremfkze zhe fnzerez iree abkn ouz hkye jfiifmuazfe

unjerzknjfn` zhe 5% kjcfnfzrkzfye urmhkrè. Zhev pknz zb lnbp phere zhkz cbnev f `bfn`

k maekrav fz f nbz uej zb ikmfafzkze zhe pbrl bi zhe jfzrfmz zkii knj zhe MPEIM. K re`krj zhe

abkn trbjumz! cbz `rbut mbnfjer zhe L]H 54!444 abkn kcbunz k zbzkaav fnkjeukze. Aflepfe!

cknv krùe fn ikybr ibr cbre iaexfoae retkvcenz mhece! tkrzfmuakrav phen fnmbce f ekbnokej. Fn kjjfzfbn! bce `rbut ifnj zhe `rkme terfbj zbb hbrz! k`kfn! etemfkaav fn mke fz

zkle abnèr zb rekafwe reyenue irbc zhe fnyezcenz ifnknme ov zhe abkn.

Fn bce mke zhe mheue kre unmaekrav trfnzej aekjfn` zb tkvcenz jeakv knj fnmrekfn`

bttbrzunfzv mbz. Fn bce jfzrfmz `rbut pbnjer phv zhev mkn nbz mkh zhe mheue pfzh zhe

oknl bi zhefr bpn treierenme! phfmh f uukaav k ckzzer bi trbxfcfzv.

_embccenjkzfbn

Byerkaa! zhe kjyfme f zbpkrj jemenzrkafwkzfbn bi jemffbn cklfn` knj k cbre iaexfoae kttrbkmh

zbpkrj abkn fwe knj mbnjfzfbn. Kab bi lev fctbrzknme f zhe kaabmkzfbn bi mbnfjerkoae cbreabkn mktfzka knj mrekzfn` kjeukze hknjafn` mktkmfzv ibr zhe jfzrfmz biifme knj zhe MPEIM.

0?



Oevbnj zhee pfjeav#hkrej rembccenjkzfbn zhere kre ykrfbu fjek orbu`hz ut ov bce

`rbut! umh k zhe neej ibr oufne jeyeabtcenz eryfme knj zrkfnfn`! retafmkzfbn bi kaa bi zhe

PEI bogemzfye kz jfzrfmz aeyea! zhe zfcuakzfbn bi exmhknè yffz ov knj zrkfnfn` bi MPEIM knj

jfzrfmz zkii! fctafifmkzfbn bi abkn kttrbyka ibrckz knj zhe jef`n bi k mbcfm br mkrzbbn zvae

ibrckz ibr faafzerkze `rbut cecoer! jemenzrkafwkzfbn bi kjcfnfzrkzfye iee! ezm.

Bi temfka fctbrzknme f zhe u`èzfbn zb kab enzerzkfn fnjfyfjuka abkn reuez mbcfn` irbc

`rbut cecoer! `fyen zhe cfnfcka kmme zhev hkye zb zhe PEI‖ CIF mhknnea. Kz zhf tbfnz fn

zfce zhf mkn oe mbnfjerej k treckzure u`èzfbn! ouz fn zhe abn` run fz mbuaj terhkt oe

mbcofnej pfzh knbzher fnzerezfn` u`èzfbn7 `rkjuka zrknibrckzfbn bi zhe PEI fnzb k Pbcen

Enzertrfe Oknl br Pbcen Jeyeabtcenz Oknl.

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