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research for the performance piece "de-learning to play the piano" and "playing the piano" by fabienne audéoud
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A piece based on the history of painting:
- Rather than denounce the representation of women’s domesticity, it’s more about facing the ins-trument to try and «intervene».- The idea is not to deconstruct a historical situation and question (or pretend to question) why young bourgeois girls learn the piano if not to practice a safe occupation at home. It’s more about about taking responsibilities and trying to act.- Deciding not to be panicked and ashamed by mistakes. - Bad playing like bad painting? Some other type of punk maybe.- Refusing to learn to play the masters’ scores. (Even if the music is brilliant, it is also repeating what you’re told to repeat.) - A statement, which is also a gesture to be be performed. An idea taking shape in an expressionist practice -as you cannot improvise and not be expressionist...- Giving up the usual time frame (this is not a traditional music piece, an album, a recital, a score) but hundred of hours of recorded music. It is a mass of music, like an organic process of accumu-lation. - Not quite like practising, not quite like rehearsing. - De-learning and playing. Improvising.
In The Sight of Sound, Music, representation, and the history of the body, Richard Leppert argues that music is a marker of power and discusses how the representation of women at their piano illus-trates the prevailing inherent social, cultural and political discourses.
De-learning to play the piano (1999)4 months of de-learning, documented by 140 hours of audio and video recording, originally recor-ded on SVHS and audio tapes and transferred to DVDs and CDs.Commissioned by Work & Leisure International, Birmingham / final concert at The International 3, Manchester / catalogue text by Josephine Pryde. Also shown as an installation in the group show Ne Travaillez Jamais, curated by Metastudio, Munich 2000,
Playing the piano (2010/2012)A year of playing, documented by 160 hours of audio recording. Realised with a grant from la Mairie de Paris. Live perrformances at the group show Hit & Run at Marion Meyer Contemporain, Paris, 2011, and for Art-O-Rama, with Le Confort Moderne and Triangle France, Marseille 2012.
de-learning to play the piano / playing the piano
Performative and political choices within music:
On the piano
Piano by Alexandre Charpentier, painted by Albert Besnard, 1902Thomas Wilmer Dewings, America Receiving the Nine Muses on Gilded Age Steinway piano,
commissioned by Theodore Roosevelt in 1903 for the East Room of the White House
Saint Cecilia
Johann Ziegler, Saint Cecilia seated playing an organ, end 18th, early 19th
Nicolas Poussin, Sainte Cecilia, 1628
Artist unknown, An Unknown Noblewoman, as Saint Cecilia, mid 16th
Nicola Monare, Saint Cecilia at the Organ, 17th
Peeter Sion, Saint Cecilia, oil on copper, 17th
John William Waterhouse, Saint Cecilia, 1895
Baron Adolph de Meyer, Sainte Cécile, photoengraving, 1896Postcard, early 20th
Artemisia Gentileschi, Saint Cecilia, about 1620Attributed to Simone Pignoni, Saint Cecilia, between 1614 and 1698
Sidney Meteyard, Saint Cecilia, 1896 Artemisia Gentileschi, Saint Cecilia and the Angel, 1625
Peter Paul Rubens, Saint Cecilia, 1630Michel Van Coxcie, Saint Cecilia, 1589
Claude Vignon, Saint Cecilia, mid 17th
Max Ernst, The Shrine of Saint Cecilia, 1923
Carlo Dolci, Saint Cecilia, 1670Carlo Dolci, Saint Cecilia, 1671
Artist unknown, Saint Cecilia, print, 1891 John Melhuish Strudwick, Saint Cecilia, 1896
Edward Reginald Frampton, Saint Cecilia, 1902Ludomir Slendzinski, Prelude Saint Cecily, 1973
portraits
Lavinia Fontana, Self-Portrait at the Spinet, 1577Johannes Vermeer, Young Woman Seated at a Virginal, 1670/1672
Francois-Hubert Drouais, Madame Charles Simon Favart, 1757Anonymous, A Parisian lady seated at her square Piano, 1793
Jan Vermeer, A Lady Seated at a Virginal, 1674 Gerard Dou, Woman at the Clavicord, 1665
Franz Xaver Wagenschön, Marie Antoinette at the Clavichord, 1768Velasquez, The Artist’s daughter at theHarpsichord, 1820
Louis Carrogis, Madame de Maupassant, late 18th
Eugène Viollet-Le-Duc, Alexandrine Suréda at the Piano, late 19th
François Boucher, The Marquise of Pompadour, early 18th
Johann Friedrich Tischbein, Frédérique Louise Wilhelmine, Princess of Orange-Nassau, late 18th
Edgar Degas, Mademoiselle Dihau au Piano, 1888Domingos Antonio de Sequeira, Mariana Benedita Sequeira, 1822
Anonymous American painting, 1835American print, 19th
George Bellows, Emma at the Piano, 1914 Ilya Yefimovich Repin, The pianiste Sophie Menter, 1887
Joseph Middleton Jopling, Miss Ashton Seated at the Piano, 1857 Wilhelm von Schadow, title unknown, 19th
Manet, Madame Manet at her Piano, 1868Edgar Degas, Madame Camus at the Piano, 1869
John Singer Sargent, Portrait of Catherine Vlasto, 1897
Clara Schumann, references not found
Vincent van Gogh, Marguerite Gachet at the Piano, 1890
Clara Schuman © picture-alliance/dpaClara Schuman, references not found
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Mademoiselle Dihau at the Piano, 1890Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Madame Juliette Pascal in the Salon of the Chateau de Malrome, 1896
Sophie Braslau, opera singer, photographic print early 20th
Francis Jane Crosby, blind church composer, photographic print, early 20th
Clara Clemens seated at piano, photographic print, 1908Amy Castles seated at piano, photographic print, 20th
Lauren BacallAnn Rutherford
Landowska and Tolstoy at Yasnaya Polyana (1907)
Landowska and Tolstoy at Yasnaya Polyana, 1907Madame Verlot, press photography, early 20th
Ingres, Two women at the Harpsichord, late 18th, early 19th
Alexandre Dubois- Drahonet, Princess Marie d’orleans, Duchess of Wutemberg, 1813-/839
actresses’ portraits
Anna Karina Yvonne De Carlo
Hedy LamarrMichele Morgan
Bette DaviesGrace Kelly
Jean Bartel Posing at Piano, Miss America, 1943Ruth Hussey, 1941
Pola Negri, early 20th
Linda Darnell between scenes of This is My Love, 1954
playing
Eugène Delacroix, Portrait of a Woman at the Piano, mid 19th
Elie Nadelman, Woman at the Piano, 1917
Theodore Robinson, At the Piano, 1887 Thomas Wilmer Dewing, The Piano, 1891
Jacob Bratland, Interior with a Woman by the Piano, 1906
Raimundo de Madrazo y Garreta, Lady Playing the Piano in an Interior Raimundo de Madrazo y Garreta, A Favourite Piece, between 1841 and 1920
Advertising for Piano Ortiz & Cusso, late 19th
Aubrey Beardsley, advertising for Singer, late 19th
Book covers, 20th
American advertising and piano methods, 20th
Henri Matisse, Woman at the Piano, early 20th
Henri Matisse, The Pianist and the Chess Players, early 20th
Print, USA early 20th
Poul Friis Nybo, A woman at the piano, by 1929
C Yarnall Abbott, Traumerei, photographic print, 1902A melody, photographic print, 1907
Irving Wiles, The Pianist, 1889Adolph Menzel, Woman Playing the Piano, Study for Matinée, 1884
Postcard, early 20th
C. W. Tucker, Woman playing the Piano, Marsden Kemp Funds, 1906
Thomas Eakins, Elizabeth at the Piano, 1875 Pierre Auguste Renoir, Woman at the Piano, 1875/76
Theodore Robinson, Girl at Piano, 1887 Childe Hassam, At The Piano, 1908
Julius LeBlanc Stewart, Young Woman at Piano, 1878Casimiro Sainz y Saiz Maragat, title unknown, 20th
Jules Adolphe Goupil, Young woman at her piano, end 19th
Pavel Fedotov, Portrait of a young lady at the piano, 1840/50
Giovanni Boldini, The woman in red, 1875 George Hamilton Barrable, A Song Without Words, 19th
Postcards, early 20th
Postcards, early 20th
Andante, Postcard published by Deutsche Germalde-Industrie Georgi & Co, 1910Birthday postcard, 1950’s
not playing
Poscard, early 20th
Eugene Alexander Montgomery, Melodian, 1908
Fernand Khnopff, At the Piano, end 19th
Imre Knopp, Young Woman in Costume, late 19th, mid 20th
Alfred Steves, The Absence, 19th
Igor Grabar, Lady by Piano, 1899
George Goodwin Kilburne, A young woman at a piano, 1880Photographic print, early 20th
H. borchard, postcard, early 20th
R. Bressler, lady reading music by Piano, poscard, 1918Photographic print, postcard, early 20th
Postcard, early 20th
Natan Altman, The Woman at the Piano, 1914
Bror Julius Olsson Nordfeldt, The Lady at the Piano, 1906BUTAY Jean-Baptiste, Portrait of two women at the piano, late 19th
Julian Alden Weir, At The Piano, late 19th
Childe Hassam, Sonata, 1893
Photographic print, USA between 1898 and 1920Unknown photographer, postcard, 1910
photomechanical print, 1903
Old Time Melody, Victorian Print, 1881C. W. Johnson , Lady at the Spinet, 1915Advertising postcard, late 19th early 20th
Postcards, USA, around 1910
Postcards, early 20th
American music magazines, 1906 and 1911
Valentine Cameron Prinsep, Reclining Woman with a Parrot, 20th
Postcard, early 20th
from their back
Vilhelm Hammershøi, Interior with Woman by the Piano, early 20th
Vilhelm Hammershoi, Interior Strandgade, 1901
Thomas Wilmer Dewing, The Spinet, 1902Hermann Angermeyer, postcard, 1917
Marguerite Stuber Pearson, The Music Room, 1940’s
George Oberteuffer, Women At The Piano, late 19th early 20th
William Merritt Chase, Mrs Meigs At The Organ, 1883
Louise Abbéma, At thePiano, late 19th
John Gay, photographic print, between 1960 and 1965
William Worcester Churchill, Girl Playing the Piano, 1918Hans Borchardt, The Little Pianist, 1897
Carl Wilhelm Holsoe, A Lady Playing a Spinet, late 19th early 20th
Carl Vilhelm Holsoe, A Lady Playing The Piano, late 19th early 20th
Peter Ilstedt, Interior with a Lady at Her Spinet, 1904Ethel Mars, illustration, early 20th
Vilhelm Hammershoi, Interior With Woman at Piano, 1901V ilhelm Hammershøi, Interior With Piano and Woman in Black, 1901
Felix Edouard Vallotton, Interior with Woman at the Piano, early 20th
Felix Edouard Vallotton, Woman at the Piano, 1904
Louis Thibaudet, Women at Piano, 20th
Louis Thibaudet, Interior with Open window, 20th
Louis Thibaudet, The Piano, 20th
Louis Thibaudet, The Blue Pianist, 20th
Postcard, Chopin, 19th
Charles Frederic Ulrich, Musical Moment, mid 19th
Photographic print, NY, 1956Photo found on the internet, without references
very young girls
Photographic pirnit, Bowers-Concilio-Stone Collection, early 20th
Postcard, 1900
Woodcut Y. Urushibara after J.McBey, Young girl at the Piano, 1929 Young Girl Plays Piano with Only Five Fingers, screen still, via The Daily What
Alfredo Müller, Young girl at the Piano, 1895/1914W.R. Gray / Gray Studio Collection, Imogene Gant, 1914
Poul Friis Nybo, A Girl at the Piano, by 1929 George Goodwin Kilburne, Piano practice, 1924
Theodore Robinson, Girl in Red at Piano, 1888American magazine cover, 1924
Auguste Renoir, The Daughters of Catulle Mendès, 1888 Jacob Dooijewaard, Girl by a Piano, mid 20th
J. Harold Leighton, Young Girl At Piano, 1920-1940Postcard, early 20th
Kris Kleckner, The Melody of a Young Girl’s Heart, 2004
Photographic print, Two children at Piano, 1898Henri Joseph Castaing, At the Piano, early 20th
Photographic print, early 20th
Steve Hanks, Sharing Key Time, from galleryone.com, 2003
Fanny Zakuck Harlfinger - The Piano Lesson, 1904
Fanny Zakuck Harlfinger, The Piano Lesson, 1904 Postcard, USA, 1950’s
American music magazine, 1925 and 1948
Photographic print, Little Girl Teaching her Doll to play the Piano, early 20th
American music magazine, 1941
mothers and daughters
Postcards, early 20th
Louis Carrogis, The Marquise of Rumain, the Comtess of Polignac, her elder Daughter and miss de Rumain her second Daughter, mid/late 18th
Baron Francois-Pascal-Simon Gerard, Comtesse de Morel-Vinde and her Daughter, 1799
E. Maaskam, A mother and her unmarried daughter, print, 1811References not found
Unsigned drawings, postcards, early 20th
James Abbott McNeill Whistler, At The Piano, 1858/59Paul Cézanne, The Artist’s Mother and Sister, 1868
Wilhelm Wachtel, At the Piano, 1914Thomas Eakins, Home Scene, 1871
the lesson
Jan Havicksz, The Harpsichord Lesson, 1660/69Jean-Honoré Fragonard, The Music Lesson, 1769
Gabriel Metsu, The Music Lesson, between 1650/1665Vermeer, The Music Lesson, 1662/1664
Pietro Longhi, The Music Lesson, 1760Frédéric Millet, The Piano Lesson, 1834
Marguerite Gerard, The Piano Lesson, 1780Jean-François Garneray, The Piano Lesson, by 1830
Nikolai Koshelev, The Music Lesson, 1865Jules Alexis Meunier, The Harpsichord Lesson, early 20th
Santiago Rusiñol i Prats, Piano Lesson, late 19th
Albert Edelfelt, At the Piano, between 1854 and 1905
Charles West Cope, The Piano Lesson, 1863Mihaly Munkacsy, The Piano Lesson, early 20th
Alfred Roll, The Piano Lesson, late 19th
George Goodwin Kilburne, The Piano Lesson, 1871
Gustave Caillebotte, The Piano Lesson, 1881 Pierre-Auguste Renoir, The Piano Lesson, 1889
Edmund Blair Leighton, The Piano Lesson, late 19th
Gen Paul, The Piano Lesson, early /mid 20th
Eugene Oge, The First Lesson, late 19th, early 20th
Karl Harald Alfred Broge, The Piano Lesson, late 19th, early 20th
Francis Day, The Piano Lesson, 1895Charles West Cope, The First Piano Lesson, 1860
J De Camp, The Music Lesson, 1895 William Merritt Chase, The Music Lesson, 1906
Fletcher Ransom, Girl Playing Piano, 1913Photographic print from Du Bois albums of photographs of African Americans in Georgia, 1900
Francis Sidney Muschamp, The Piano Lesson, end 19th, mid 20th
Thomas W. Holgate, The Music Lesson, end 19th, mid 20th
Peter Fendi, The Piano Lesson, early 19th
Roy Stuart, The Piano Teatcher, 1990’s
American music magazine
Frank Huddlestone Potter, A Music Lesson, 1887Poul Friis Nybo, Music Lesson, by 1929
Paloma Schramm with her piano teacher, photographic print, 1898Elliott Erwitt, Piano Lesson, Odessa, 1957
Vermeer, The Concert, 1664Gerard Terborch, The Concert, 1675
Gabriel Metsu, Man and Woman Sitting at the Virginal, 1658-60Frans van Mieris, Duet, 1658
in the family
Molenaer, Family Making Music, 1635Anonymous painting from Sweden in the early 1800’s.
Johann Joseph Zoffany, The Gore Family with George, 3rd Earl Cowpe, 1775/76Johann Joseph Zoffany, Colonel Blair with his Family and an Ayah in an Interior, 1786
Louis Carrogis, Miss Pitoin at her Piano with her Father at the Bass, late 18th
Plate from The Music Series, Sarreguemine manufacture, early 20th
Nicolas Tournier, The Concert, mid 17th
Gaspare traversi, The Concert, mid/late 18th
Anonymous, School of David, Gerard Family Portrait, late18th
Pietro Paolini, Music Concert, mid 17th
Vittorio Reggianini, The Piano Recital, late 19th, mid 20th
0tto Wilhelm Erdmann, title unknown, mid 19th
James Gillray, Farmer Giles and his wife showing off their daughter Betty, between 1792 and 1810Carl Zewy, Das Lied, das meine Mutter sang, postcard, early 20th
Unidentified photographer, stereoview, 1860
Howard Chandler Christy, The Piano Recital, 1903Painted by W. Dendy Sadler; etched by W.H. Boucher,
Family relaxing by fireplace and singing, as woman plays piano, 1900
Adolph von Menzel, Clara Schumann and Joseph Joachim in Concert, 1854Postcard, early 20th
Photos, early 20th
Joseph de Longueil, Mecanical Concert, 1769Calendar, drawing after Jean Louis Beuzon
François Philippe d’Orléans, The Salon of Princess of Joinville in Rio de Janeiro, mid 19th
Sebastian Gutzwiller, Basle Family Concert, 1849
Ingres, The Forestier Family, early 19th
Vincent van Gogh, Woman Pianist and a Violinist, 1887
playing woth other women
Thomas Wilmer Dewing, The Song and the Cello, 1910Gabriel Leduc, Young girls at the Piano, late 19th
Louis Jambor, Girls At Piano, early/mid 20th
Louis Jambor, A musical interlude, early/mid 20th
Mihaly Munkacsy The Music Room, 1878Lilla Cabot Perry, The Trio, 1898/1900
Irving Ramsey Wiles, The Sonata, 1889 Marguerite Pearson of Boston, Prelude, early 1920’s
Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Yvonne and Christine Lerolle Playing the Piano, 1897Marguerite Pearson, Prelude, early 1920’s
Dante Gabriel Rossetti, A Christmas Carol, 1857Magazine illustration, 18th
Magazine illustration, late 18th Maude Clifford, 1914
Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Young Girls at the Piano, 1892Géza Dósa, At the Piano, 1870
Priechenfried Alois Heinrich, The Recital, late 19th, early 20th
Albert Von Kellern, Chopin, 1873
Walter Firle, The Singing Lesson, 1920’sWalter Firle, Home Music, by 1929
Francis Sidney Muschamp, New Music, between 1870 and 1903Ralf Nau/Getty Images, How to Decorate With a Home Piano, found on e-how.com
Robert W. Macbeth, Reverie, engraving, 1900Amalie Marie of Bavaria and Archiduchess Marie Valerie, 19th
Emile Renard, Girls at their First Communion, early 20th
Photograhic print, France, late 19th
Postcards, early 20th
men - listening
Jan Steen, A Young Woman playing a Harpsichord to a Young Man, 1659 Edmund Blair Leighton, Courtship, 1903
Auguste Leprince, Woman Playing thePiano with Man Reading, early/mid 19th
Clara and Robert Schumann, 1850Helmut Skarbina, postcard, 1916
Ginger Rogers plays for director Leo McCarey between shots of Once Upon a Honeymoon, 1942Marlene Dietrich and Billy Wilder, 1948
American music magazine, 1921 and 1926
Mathilde Dietrichson Women in the Music Room, 1885Photographic print, 1896
John White Alexander, At the Piano, 1894 George Goodwin Kilburne, The New Spinet, mid 19th
Fletcher Ransom, A Song from Long Ago, 1913Breakspeare, The Reluctant Pianist, late 19th
Edward Hopper, Hopper's Room in New York, early /mid 20th
Vernon Castle, Vernon Castle And his wife, Irene Foote Castle, photographic print, 1915Postcard, drawing by Carl Zewy, early 20th
Alfred Edward Emslie, A Beethoven Sonata, end 19th
Postcard, tinted sepia picture, perhaps in 1918
Edgar Degas, Manet Listening to His Wife, 1868/69Sir Frank Dicksee, The Reverie, late 19th
Jean-Edouard Vuillard, Lady at the Piano, early 20th
James Ensor, Russian Music, 1881
George Marks, Man Admiring Woman Playing Piano, 1950Françoise Sagan in the countryside, press photography, 1960’s
Postcards, early 20th
flirtatious
Thomas Rowlandson, cartoons, late 18th
Thomas Rowlandson Jealousy, The Rival, late 18th
Try it on the piano, USA, early 20th
Postcard, Germany, early 20th
William Holman Hunt, The Awakening Conscience, 1853
René Prinet, Kreutzer Sonata, 1898 Adriano Cecchi, Signorina E. Cavaliere, late 19th
Postcards, early 20th
in films
Greta Garbo and Lewis in Romance, dir. Clarence Brown, 1930Joan Crawford and Conrad Veidt, in A woman’s Face, dir. George Cukor, 1941
Ava Gardner, in Pandora and the flying Dutchman, dir. Albert Lewin, 1951Alida Valli, in The Paradine Case, dir. Alfred Hitchcock, 1947
The Piano, dir. Jane Campion, 1993The page turner, dir. Denis Dercourt, 2006
Katharine Hepburn as Clara Schumann in Song of Love, dir. Clarence Brown, 1947Monica Bleibtreu in Four minutes, dir.Chris Kraus, 2006
Anouk Ferjac as Clara Schumann, in Monsieur Schumann, dir. Bernard Queysanne, 1978 Konrad Rufus Müller, Martina Gedeck als Clara Schumann in Geliebte Clara, Filmstiftung NRW, 2008
Marlene Dietrich before her execution in Dishonored, dir. Josef von Sternberg, 1931Sean Young in Blade Runner, dir. Ridley Scott’s, 1982
symbols
Felix Barrias, Chopin’s Death, black and white photoengraving, 1895 James Gillray, Playing in Parts, between 1792 and 1810
Pablo Picasso, Woman with a Guitar by the Piano, 1911
Roy Lichtenstein, Girl at Piano, 1963
performing outside the house
Postcard, in the French Alps, late 19th
W Livermore, A Cafe in Cairo, early 20th
Photgraphic pirnts, early/mid 20th
nudes and more
Tintoretto, Women Playing Music, mid 16th
Johann Heinrich Fussli, Naked Woman and Woman Playing the Piano, 1799/1800Grajewski Fotograph Inc, Original Canadian cast of Calendar Girls, 2003
Photo found on the internet, without referencesPhoto found on the internet, without references
Image found on http://konachan.com
John Sloan, Nude at Piano, 1928Kate Moss, references not found
Photos found on the internet, without references
Wladimir Maradoudine, double keyboardPhoto found on 4ever.eu, without references
Photo found on http://analteen.a.n.pic.centerblog.net, without references
Photo found on a photographic blog without referencesPhoto found on a photographic blog without references
Photo found on http://daniella62500.d.a.pic.centerblog.net
some contemporary performers
Annea Lockwood’s work for piano Piano Burning, first performed in 1968Yoko Ono, performance with piano, 1960/70?
Lady GagaAlicia Keys
Nina SImone and her band, 1970’sMary Lou Williams, 1970’s
Yvonne Loriod, perfoming Messiaen with him, 1973 Yuja Wang, with the Los Angeles Philharmonic, 2011
Gina Bachauer and Sir John Sir John Gielgud, mid 20th
Amina Claudine Myers Ensemble with Reggie Nicholson and Jerome Harris, 1980s
Geri Allen, 2010Carla Bley, 2007
Marielle and Katia Labeque, 2009
Record covers
fsahion photography
Georges Barbier, Incantation, illustration for the Gazette du Bon Ton, 1922Marion Morehouse wearing a dress by Chéruit and jewelry by Black, Starr and Frost, next to a piano
designed by Steichen, Gelatin silver print, Courtesy Condé Nast Archive, 1928
Jay Thorpe, Model Margaret Horan and model Francis Douelon, Gelatin silver print, Courtesy Condé Nast Archive, 1935
Unknown photographer, Unknown photographer Pola Negri plays the piano, early 20th
Berenice V. for Fashion 360 Magazine, 2011
photo from the internet, references not foundpages from Italien Vogue
pages from Fudge, japanese fashion magazine, 2011 Michael Bublé’s wife Luisana Lopilato for Ultimo lingerie, 2011
Old Money fashion shoot for Vogue Italia’s, 2010
Charlotte Gainsbourg in French ELLEPhoto from the internet, references not found
Adverstising for Chanel, 1992 Photo from the internet, references not found
Fashion photography for Versace and for Iceberg, 1992