Wireless Technologies for the 21 Century

Wireless Technologies for the 21st Century

- A Brief Overview of Key Technologies -

IEEE COMSOC Conference (Santa Clara Valley)

Robert Sanchez, inCode Telecom Group, VP & Chief Architect

November 10, 2004

©2004 inCode Telecom Group, Inc.inCode PROPRIETARY - DO NOT COPY Page 2

inCode Introduction

• Over 300 experienced professionals with average experience of 8 to 10 years

• Diverse mix of business savvy and technology expertise

• Leading financial analysts and business consultants; engineers and technologists, program managers and integration specialists

• Diversity of nationalities, international experience and languages

• Our people are our greatest assets, we are passionate about wireless and love what we do

Since 1998 inCode Telecom Group has focused entirely on the wireless world, delivering innovative and effective solutions at the intersection of business and technology.

Sample ClientsSample ClientsinCode OverviewinCode Overview

• Founded in 1998• Headquartered in San Diego, California• Offices in Atlanta, Guatemala, Paris,

London• Backed by Sequoia Capital, inOvate

and Focus Ventures

PeoplePeople

Wireless Technology Lab – One Step AheadWireless Technology Lab – One Step Ahead

• “Smallest 3G wireless carrier in the world”

• Advisory council from leading US and International wireless carriers

• Provide independent testing, integration and interoperability of next generation technologies and applications

• GSM/GPRS, UTMS, Push-To-Talk, SMS, MMS, LBS, 1xRTT, 1xEVDO, 802.11, OSS/BSS


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BluetoothUWB

ZigBee™

802.11a/b/g

802.16

TDMA

OFDM

1xRTT

CDMA2000

WCDMA

InfraRed

EDGE� ��

MMDS

UMTS-TDD

GPRS

RFIDMesh

LMDS

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BluetoothUWB

ZigBee™

802.11a/b/g/n

802.16

TDMA

OFDM

1xRTT

1xEVDO

1xEVDV

WCDMA

Infrared

EDGE� ��

MMDS

UMTS

GPRS

RFID Mesh

LMDS

GSMSatellite

802.21

TD-SCDMA

Advances

AMPS

DSRC

iDEN

Technologies, Features & Advances

Carriers and enterprises are faced with a vast array of technologies, features and advances that compete as well as complement each other in overlapping areas.

LBS

VoWLAN

PTT™

WNP

SMS/MMS/IM

VoIP

Features

Telematics

OTA Technologies

Navigation

Security E_commerce

Surveillance

Disaster

E_learning

VOD

DBS

Traffic

POS

Gaming

AntennasMIMO

IPv4/IPv6

OpticsSoftSwitch

SDRWavelet

Speech RecognitionWeb

Batteries

802.20PDC

PHS


Who’s Who in Wireless

Key Definitions & Examples– Wireless Operator (aka Carrier,

Service Provider)• Verizon Wireless, Cingular, AT&T

Wireless, Sprint PCS, Nextel, T-Mobile

• AllTel, Western Wireless, Qwest, Dobson, Centennial, Leap, GCI

– Wireless Infrastructure Provider(aka Cell Sites, Switches)

• Nortel, Lucent, Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia, Siemens

• Samsung, LG, Cisco, HP/Compaq, Winphoria

– Wireless Subscriber Supplier• Motorola, Nokia, Audiovox,

Samsung, Siemens, Sony/Ericsson, Sanyo

– Wireless Technology Supplier• Qualcomm, Nokia, Motorola, Intel,

Microsoft, Siemens


FDMA

TDMA

CDMATIME

TIME

FREQUENCY

FREQUENCY

FREQUENCY

POWER

POWER

POWER

TIME

Over-The-Air Technologies

Analog Technology in the US (for Mobile Wireless)

– Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) (fancy name for FDMA/FM)

– Narrowband AMPS (NAMPS)

Digital Technologies in the US (for Mobile Wireless)

– Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)• IS-54 (analog control), IS-136 (digital

control)

– Global System Mobile (GSM)• GSM, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS (WCDMA)

– Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)• IS-95A/B/C, 1xRTT, 3xRTT

– CDMA Evolved• 1xEV DO (HDR), 1xEV DV


Popular Wireline Downloads


Wireless “nG” Technologies

1G (1984-1995)– Generally accepted to be Analog technology (voice only)

2G (1995-2000)– Generally accepted to be the migration from Analog to Digital technology

3G (2002-2006)– In Europe, frequencies were assigned as “3G” regardless of technology choice

– In the US, high data throughput (> 384 kbps) is supposedly “3G”, no additional frequencies were assigned

– Everyone touted “3G” as being an IP Core (not just packets) … they failed

2.5G (2000-2004)– Initial wireless technologies of 3G were either delayed (infrastructure and handsets) or did

not deliver the high data throughput (<100 kbps) or were nowhere near IP (did not follow IPv4 or IPv6 standards), so we created 2.5G as a transition to 3G because the focus remained voice NOT data.

4G (2004-2008)– Most everyone have accepted 4G as being a true “IP” architecture with high data throughput

(> 1 Gbps fixed, > 100 Mbps mobile)


Wireless Network Evolution

Defining the exact roadmap for the evolution of wireless and wireline networks provides the basis for planning of the technology selection.

(Simplified View)

PDC

IS-95B

GPRS EDGE

CDMA20001x/1xEV-DO

WCDMA

CDMACDPD

CDMA20003xRTT or1xEV-DV

JTACS

TACS/NMT

AMPSCDPD

AMPSCDPD

OFDM orTDSCDMA

1990's Early 2000's Mid/Late 2000's 2010's1980's

GSM

802.11b 802.11g

802.11a

2G

2.5G 3G 4G

1G

802.16 or802.11n

W

L

A

N

W

WA

N

TDMACDPD

iDEN EnhancediDEN TBD


Wireless Operator Metrics

2.8%

1.6%

2.3%

3.7%

2.7%

1.45%

Monthly

Churn

780

563

Monthly

MOU

$422$5016.4% OpM

$4.2B25MCingular

$383$5725.8% OpM

$4.1B21.7MAT&T Wireless

$440$70$3.3B13.9MNextel

$323$52$2.1B15.4MT-Mobile

$375$62$3.6B22.2MSprint PCS

$250$5124% OpM

$6.8B40.4MVerizon

CPGA

US$

ARPU

US$

MarginRevenue

US$

Subs in 2Q04

Company


Other Data Technologies

Key Data Technologies

– WiFi (802.11a, b, g and now “n”)

– MobileFi (802.20)

– Bluetooth (802.15.3)

– Ultrawideband (UWB) (802.15.3)

– ZigBee

– RFID

Other Data Technologies

– WiMAX (802.16)

– Handoffs & Interoperability (802.21)

– Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET)


WiFi (802.11)


MobileFi (802.20)


Bluetooth (802.15.3)


Ultra-Wide Band (UWB)


ZigBee


RFID

By using a combination of tags, readers, and middleware, RFID helps various industries automate data collection and data collaboration processes. The many benefits of RFID technology over barcodes can add up to a significant ROI for many companies.


On-Going Technology Wars

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Technology choices for wireless broadband data indicates even more complex migration discontinuities.

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Environment is right for technological discontinuity led by new entrant firms

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Concluding Remarks

Today’s consumers whether private or the enterprise don’t really care about the ABCs of wireless, what they care about is:

– Customer Care

– Cost

– Reliability

– Performance

Contact Information

Robert Sanchez, rsanchez @ incodewireless.com

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BluetoothUWB

ZigBee™

802.11a/b/g

802.16

TDMA

OFDM

1xRTT

CDMA2000

WCDMA

InfraRed

EDGE� ��

MMDS

UMTS-TDD

GPRS

RFIDMesh

LMDS

��

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BluetoothUWB

ZigBee™

802.11a/b/g/n

802.16

TDMA

OFDM

1xRTT

1xEVDO

1xEVDV

WCDMA

Infrared

EDGE� ��

MMDS

UMTS

GPRS

RFID Mesh

LMDS

GSMSatellite

802.21

TD-SCDMA

Advances

AMPS

DSRC

iDEN

LBS

VoWLAN

PTT™PTT™

WNP

SMS/MMS/IM

VoIP

Features

Telematics

OTA Technologies

Navigation

Security E_commerce

Surveillance

Disaster

E_learning

VOD

DBS

Traffic

POS

Gaming

AntennasMIMO

IPv4/IPv6Optics

SoftSwitch

SDRWavelet

Speech RecognitionWeb

Batteries

802.20PDC

PHS

Documents

Wireless Technologies for the 21 Century